/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 * Copyright(c) 2010-2018 Intel Corporation
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <math.h>

#include <rte_common.h>
#include <rte_byteorder.h>
#include <rte_log.h>
#include <rte_malloc.h>
#include <rte_memory.h>
#include <rte_memcpy.h>
#include <rte_eal.h>
#include <rte_launch.h>
#include <rte_cycles.h>
#include <rte_prefetch.h>
#include <rte_lcore.h>
#include <rte_per_lcore.h>
#include <rte_branch_prediction.h>
#include <rte_interrupts.h>
#include <rte_random.h>
#include <rte_debug.h>
#include <rte_ether.h>
#include <rte_ethdev.h>
#include <rte_mempool.h>
#include <rte_mbuf.h>
#include <rte_ip.h>
#include <rte_tcp.h>
#include <rte_udp.h>
#include <rte_string_fns.h>
#include <rte_timer.h>
#include <rte_power.h>
#include <rte_spinlock.h>
#include <rte_power_empty_poll.h>
#include <rte_metrics.h>
#include <rte_telemetry.h>
#include <rte_power_pmd_mgmt.h>

#include "perf_core.h"
#include "main.h"

#define RTE_LOGTYPE_L3FWD_POWER RTE_LOGTYPE_USER1

#define MAX_PKT_BURST 32

#define MIN_ZERO_POLL_COUNT 10

/* 100 ms interval */
#define TIMER_NUMBER_PER_SECOND           10
/* (10ms) */
#define INTERVALS_PER_SECOND             100
/* 100000 us */
#define SCALING_PERIOD                    (1000000/TIMER_NUMBER_PER_SECOND)
#define SCALING_DOWN_TIME_RATIO_THRESHOLD 0.25

#define APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH          0
#define APP_LOOKUP_LPM                  1
#define DO_RFC_1812_CHECKS

#ifndef APP_LOOKUP_METHOD
#define APP_LOOKUP_METHOD             APP_LOOKUP_LPM
#endif

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
#include <rte_hash.h>
#elif (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_LPM)
#include <rte_lpm.h>
#else
#error "APP_LOOKUP_METHOD set to incorrect value"
#endif

#ifndef IPv6_BYTES
#define IPv6_BYTES_FMT "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:"\
                       "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x"
#define IPv6_BYTES(addr) \
        addr[0],  addr[1], addr[2],  addr[3], \
        addr[4],  addr[5], addr[6],  addr[7], \
        addr[8],  addr[9], addr[10], addr[11],\
        addr[12], addr[13],addr[14], addr[15]
#endif

#define MAX_JUMBO_PKT_LEN  9600

#define IPV6_ADDR_LEN 16

#define MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE 256

/*
 * This expression is used to calculate the number of mbufs needed depending on
 * user input, taking into account memory for rx and tx hardware rings, cache
 * per lcore and mtable per port per lcore. RTE_MAX is used to ensure that
 * NB_MBUF never goes below a minimum value of 8192.
 */

#define NB_MBUF RTE_MAX ( \
        (nb_ports*nb_rx_queue*nb_rxd + \
        nb_ports*nb_lcores*MAX_PKT_BURST + \
        nb_ports*n_tx_queue*nb_txd + \
        nb_lcores*MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE), \
        (unsigned)8192)

#define BURST_TX_DRAIN_US 100 /* TX drain every ~100us */

#define NB_SOCKETS 8

/* Configure how many packets ahead to prefetch, when reading packets */
#define PREFETCH_OFFSET 3

/*
 * Configurable number of RX/TX ring descriptors
 */
#define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
#define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024

/*
 * These two thresholds were decided on by running the training algorithm on
 * a 2.5GHz Xeon. These defaults can be overridden by supplying non-zero values
 * for the med_threshold and high_threshold parameters on the command line.
 */
#define EMPTY_POLL_MED_THRESHOLD 350000UL
#define EMPTY_POLL_HGH_THRESHOLD 580000UL

#define NUM_TELSTATS RTE_DIM(telstats_strings)

static uint16_t nb_rxd = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT;
static uint16_t nb_txd = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT;

/* ethernet addresses of ports */
static struct rte_ether_addr ports_eth_addr[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];

/* ethernet addresses of ports */
static rte_spinlock_t locks[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];

/* mask of enabled ports */
static uint32_t enabled_port_mask = 0;
/* Ports set in promiscuous mode off by default. */
static int promiscuous_on = 0;
/* NUMA is enabled by default. */
static int numa_on = 1;
static bool empty_poll_stop;
static bool empty_poll_train;
volatile bool quit_signal;
static struct  ep_params *ep_params;
static struct  ep_policy policy;
static long  ep_med_edpi, ep_hgh_edpi;
/* timer to update telemetry every 500ms */
static struct rte_timer telemetry_timer;

/* stats index returned by metrics lib */
int telstats_index;

struct telstats_name {
        char name[RTE_ETH_XSTATS_NAME_SIZE];
};

/* telemetry stats to be reported */
const struct telstats_name telstats_strings[] = {
        {"empty_poll"},
        {"full_poll"},
        {"busy_percent"}
};

/* core busyness in percentage */
enum busy_rate {
        ZERO = 0,
        PARTIAL = 50,
        FULL = 100
};

/* reference poll count to measure core busyness */
#define DEFAULT_COUNT 10000
/*
 * reference CYCLES to be used to
 * measure core busyness based on poll count
 */
#define MIN_CYCLES  1500000ULL
#define MAX_CYCLES 22000000ULL

/* (500ms) */
#define TELEMETRY_INTERVALS_PER_SEC 2

static int parse_ptype; /**< Parse packet type using rx callback, and */
                        /**< disabled by default */

enum appmode {
        APP_MODE_DEFAULT = 0,
        APP_MODE_LEGACY,
        APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL,
        APP_MODE_TELEMETRY,
        APP_MODE_INTERRUPT,
        APP_MODE_PMD_MGMT
};

enum appmode app_mode;

static enum rte_power_pmd_mgmt_type pmgmt_type;
bool baseline_enabled;

enum freq_scale_hint_t
{
        FREQ_LOWER    =      -1,
        FREQ_CURRENT  =       0,
        FREQ_HIGHER   =       1,
        FREQ_HIGHEST  =       2
};

struct lcore_rx_queue {
        uint16_t port_id;
        uint8_t queue_id;
        enum freq_scale_hint_t freq_up_hint;
        uint32_t zero_rx_packet_count;
        uint32_t idle_hint;
} __rte_cache_aligned;

#define MAX_RX_QUEUE_PER_LCORE 16
#define MAX_TX_QUEUE_PER_PORT RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS
#define MAX_RX_QUEUE_PER_PORT 128

#define MAX_RX_QUEUE_INTERRUPT_PER_PORT 16


struct lcore_params lcore_params_array[MAX_LCORE_PARAMS];
static struct lcore_params lcore_params_array_default[] = {
        {0, 0, 2},
        {0, 1, 2},
        {0, 2, 2},
        {1, 0, 2},
        {1, 1, 2},
        {1, 2, 2},
        {2, 0, 2},
        {3, 0, 3},
        {3, 1, 3},
};

struct lcore_params *lcore_params = lcore_params_array_default;
uint16_t nb_lcore_params = RTE_DIM(lcore_params_array_default);

static struct rte_eth_conf port_conf = {
        .rxmode = {
                .mq_mode        = RTE_ETH_MQ_RX_RSS,
                .split_hdr_size = 0,
                .offloads = RTE_ETH_RX_OFFLOAD_CHECKSUM,
        },
        .rx_adv_conf = {
                .rss_conf = {
                        .rss_key = NULL,
                        .rss_hf = RTE_ETH_RSS_UDP,
                },
        },
        .txmode = {
                .mq_mode = RTE_ETH_MQ_TX_NONE,
        }
};

static uint32_t max_pkt_len;

static struct rte_mempool * pktmbuf_pool[NB_SOCKETS];


#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)

#ifdef RTE_ARCH_X86
#include <rte_hash_crc.h>
#define DEFAULT_HASH_FUNC       rte_hash_crc
#else
#include <rte_jhash.h>
#define DEFAULT_HASH_FUNC       rte_jhash
#endif

struct ipv4_5tuple {
        uint32_t ip_dst;
        uint32_t ip_src;
        uint16_t port_dst;
        uint16_t port_src;
        uint8_t  proto;
} __rte_packed;

struct ipv6_5tuple {
        uint8_t  ip_dst[IPV6_ADDR_LEN];
        uint8_t  ip_src[IPV6_ADDR_LEN];
        uint16_t port_dst;
        uint16_t port_src;
        uint8_t  proto;
} __rte_packed;

struct ipv4_l3fwd_route {
        struct ipv4_5tuple key;
        uint8_t if_out;
};

struct ipv6_l3fwd_route {
        struct ipv6_5tuple key;
        uint8_t if_out;
};

static struct ipv4_l3fwd_route ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[] = {
        {{RTE_IPV4(100,10,0,1), RTE_IPV4(200,10,0,1), 101, 11, IPPROTO_TCP}, 0},
        {{RTE_IPV4(100,20,0,2), RTE_IPV4(200,20,0,2), 102, 12, IPPROTO_TCP}, 1},
        {{RTE_IPV4(100,30,0,3), RTE_IPV4(200,30,0,3), 103, 13, IPPROTO_TCP}, 2},
        {{RTE_IPV4(100,40,0,4), RTE_IPV4(200,40,0,4), 104, 14, IPPROTO_TCP}, 3},
};

static struct ipv6_l3fwd_route ipv6_l3fwd_route_array[] = {
        {
                {
                        {0xfe, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
                         0x02, 0x1b, 0x21, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x91, 0x38, 0x05},
                        {0xfe, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
                         0x02, 0x1e, 0x67, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x0d, 0xb6, 0x0a},
                         1, 10, IPPROTO_UDP
                }, 4
        },
};

typedef struct rte_hash lookup_struct_t;
static lookup_struct_t *ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[NB_SOCKETS];
static lookup_struct_t *ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct[NB_SOCKETS];

#define L3FWD_HASH_ENTRIES      1024

static uint16_t ipv4_l3fwd_out_if[L3FWD_HASH_ENTRIES] __rte_cache_aligned;
static uint16_t ipv6_l3fwd_out_if[L3FWD_HASH_ENTRIES] __rte_cache_aligned;
#endif

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_LPM)
struct ipv4_l3fwd_route {
        uint32_t ip;
        uint8_t  depth;
        uint8_t  if_out;
};

static struct ipv4_l3fwd_route ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[] = {
        {RTE_IPV4(1,1,1,0), 24, 0},
        {RTE_IPV4(2,1,1,0), 24, 1},
        {RTE_IPV4(3,1,1,0), 24, 2},
        {RTE_IPV4(4,1,1,0), 24, 3},
        {RTE_IPV4(5,1,1,0), 24, 4},
        {RTE_IPV4(6,1,1,0), 24, 5},
        {RTE_IPV4(7,1,1,0), 24, 6},
        {RTE_IPV4(8,1,1,0), 24, 7},
};

#define IPV4_L3FWD_LPM_MAX_RULES     1024

typedef struct rte_lpm lookup_struct_t;
static lookup_struct_t *ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[NB_SOCKETS];
#endif

struct lcore_conf {
        uint16_t n_rx_queue;
        struct lcore_rx_queue rx_queue_list[MAX_RX_QUEUE_PER_LCORE];
        uint16_t n_tx_port;
        uint16_t tx_port_id[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
        uint16_t tx_queue_id[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
        struct rte_eth_dev_tx_buffer *tx_buffer[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
        lookup_struct_t * ipv4_lookup_struct;
        lookup_struct_t * ipv6_lookup_struct;
} __rte_cache_aligned;

struct lcore_stats {
        /* total sleep time in ms since last frequency scaling down */
        uint32_t sleep_time;
        /* number of long sleep recently */
        uint32_t nb_long_sleep;
        /* freq. scaling up trend */
        uint32_t trend;
        /* total packet processed recently */
        uint64_t nb_rx_processed;
        /* total iterations looped recently */
        uint64_t nb_iteration_looped;
        /*
         * Represents empty and non empty polls
         * of rte_eth_rx_burst();
         * ep_nep[0] holds non empty polls
         * i.e. 0 < nb_rx <= MAX_BURST
         * ep_nep[1] holds empty polls.
         * i.e. nb_rx == 0
         */
        uint64_t ep_nep[2];
        /*
         * Represents full and empty+partial
         * polls of rte_eth_rx_burst();
         * ep_nep[0] holds empty+partial polls.
         * i.e. 0 <= nb_rx < MAX_BURST
         * ep_nep[1] holds full polls
         * i.e. nb_rx == MAX_BURST
         */
        uint64_t fp_nfp[2];
        enum busy_rate br;
        rte_spinlock_t telemetry_lock;
} __rte_cache_aligned;

static struct lcore_conf lcore_conf[RTE_MAX_LCORE] __rte_cache_aligned;
static struct lcore_stats stats[RTE_MAX_LCORE] __rte_cache_aligned;
static struct rte_timer power_timers[RTE_MAX_LCORE];

static inline uint32_t power_idle_heuristic(uint32_t zero_rx_packet_count);
static inline enum freq_scale_hint_t power_freq_scaleup_heuristic( \
                unsigned int lcore_id, uint16_t port_id, uint16_t queue_id);


/*
 * These defaults are using the max frequency index (1), a medium index (9)
 * and a typical low frequency index (14). These can be adjusted to use
 * different indexes using the relevant command line parameters.
 */
static uint8_t  freq_tlb[] = {14, 9, 1};

static int is_done(void)
{
        return quit_signal;
}

/* exit signal handler */
static void
signal_exit_now(int sigtype)
{

        if (sigtype == SIGINT)
                quit_signal = true;

}

/*  Freqency scale down timer callback */
static void
power_timer_cb(__rte_unused struct rte_timer *tim,
                          __rte_unused void *arg)
{
        uint64_t hz;
        float sleep_time_ratio;
        unsigned lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();

        /* accumulate total execution time in us when callback is invoked */
        sleep_time_ratio = (float)(stats[lcore_id].sleep_time) /
                                        (float)SCALING_PERIOD;
        /**
         * check whether need to scale down frequency a step if it sleep a lot.
         */
        if (sleep_time_ratio >= SCALING_DOWN_TIME_RATIO_THRESHOLD) {
                if (rte_power_freq_down)
                        rte_power_freq_down(lcore_id);
        }
        else if ( (unsigned)(stats[lcore_id].nb_rx_processed /
                stats[lcore_id].nb_iteration_looped) < MAX_PKT_BURST) {
                /**
                 * scale down a step if average packet per iteration less
                 * than expectation.
                 */
                if (rte_power_freq_down)
                        rte_power_freq_down(lcore_id);
        }

        /**
         * initialize another timer according to current frequency to ensure
         * timer interval is relatively fixed.
         */
        hz = rte_get_timer_hz();
        rte_timer_reset(&power_timers[lcore_id], hz/TIMER_NUMBER_PER_SECOND,
                                SINGLE, lcore_id, power_timer_cb, NULL);

        stats[lcore_id].nb_rx_processed = 0;
        stats[lcore_id].nb_iteration_looped = 0;

        stats[lcore_id].sleep_time = 0;
}

/* Enqueue a single packet, and send burst if queue is filled */
static inline int
send_single_packet(struct rte_mbuf *m, uint16_t port)
{
        uint32_t lcore_id;
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;

        lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];

        rte_eth_tx_buffer(port, qconf->tx_queue_id[port],
                        qconf->tx_buffer[port], m);

        return 0;
}

#ifdef DO_RFC_1812_CHECKS
static inline int
is_valid_ipv4_pkt(struct rte_ipv4_hdr *pkt, uint32_t link_len)
{
        /* From http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1812.txt section 5.2.2 */
        /*
         * 1. The packet length reported by the Link Layer must be large
         * enough to hold the minimum length legal IP datagram (20 bytes).
         */
        if (link_len < sizeof(struct rte_ipv4_hdr))
                return -1;

        /* 2. The IP checksum must be correct. */
        /* if this is not checked in H/W, check it. */
        if ((port_conf.rxmode.offloads & RTE_ETH_RX_OFFLOAD_IPV4_CKSUM) == 0) {
                uint16_t actual_cksum, expected_cksum;
                actual_cksum = pkt->hdr_checksum;
                pkt->hdr_checksum = 0;
                expected_cksum = rte_ipv4_cksum(pkt);
                if (actual_cksum != expected_cksum)
                        return -2;
        }

        /*
         * 3. The IP version number must be 4. If the version number is not 4
         * then the packet may be another version of IP, such as IPng or
         * ST-II.
         */
        if (((pkt->version_ihl) >> 4) != 4)
                return -3;
        /*
         * 4. The IP header length field must be large enough to hold the
         * minimum length legal IP datagram (20 bytes = 5 words).
         */
        if ((pkt->version_ihl & 0xf) < 5)
                return -4;

        /*
         * 5. The IP total length field must be large enough to hold the IP
         * datagram header, whose length is specified in the IP header length
         * field.
         */
        if (rte_cpu_to_be_16(pkt->total_length) < sizeof(struct rte_ipv4_hdr))
                return -5;

        return 0;
}
#endif

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
static void
print_ipv4_key(struct ipv4_5tuple key)
{
        printf("IP dst = %08x, IP src = %08x, port dst = %d, port src = %d, "
                "proto = %d\n", (unsigned)key.ip_dst, (unsigned)key.ip_src,
                                key.port_dst, key.port_src, key.proto);
}
static void
print_ipv6_key(struct ipv6_5tuple key)
{
        printf( "IP dst = " IPv6_BYTES_FMT ", IP src = " IPv6_BYTES_FMT ", "
                "port dst = %d, port src = %d, proto = %d\n",
                IPv6_BYTES(key.ip_dst), IPv6_BYTES(key.ip_src),
                key.port_dst, key.port_src, key.proto);
}

static inline uint16_t
get_ipv4_dst_port(struct rte_ipv4_hdr *ipv4_hdr, uint16_t portid,
                lookup_struct_t * ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct)
{
        struct ipv4_5tuple key;
        struct rte_tcp_hdr *tcp;
        struct rte_udp_hdr *udp;
        int ret = 0;

        key.ip_dst = rte_be_to_cpu_32(ipv4_hdr->dst_addr);
        key.ip_src = rte_be_to_cpu_32(ipv4_hdr->src_addr);
        key.proto = ipv4_hdr->next_proto_id;

        switch (ipv4_hdr->next_proto_id) {
        case IPPROTO_TCP:
                tcp = (struct rte_tcp_hdr *)((unsigned char *)ipv4_hdr +
                                        sizeof(struct rte_ipv4_hdr));
                key.port_dst = rte_be_to_cpu_16(tcp->dst_port);
                key.port_src = rte_be_to_cpu_16(tcp->src_port);
                break;

        case IPPROTO_UDP:
                udp = (struct rte_udp_hdr *)((unsigned char *)ipv4_hdr +
                                        sizeof(struct rte_ipv4_hdr));
                key.port_dst = rte_be_to_cpu_16(udp->dst_port);
                key.port_src = rte_be_to_cpu_16(udp->src_port);
                break;

        default:
                key.port_dst = 0;
                key.port_src = 0;
                break;
        }

        /* Find destination port */
        ret = rte_hash_lookup(ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct, (const void *)&key);
        return ((ret < 0) ? portid : ipv4_l3fwd_out_if[ret]);
}

static inline uint16_t
get_ipv6_dst_port(struct rte_ipv6_hdr *ipv6_hdr, uint16_t portid,
                        lookup_struct_t *ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct)
{
        struct ipv6_5tuple key;
        struct rte_tcp_hdr *tcp;
        struct rte_udp_hdr *udp;
        int ret = 0;

        memcpy(key.ip_dst, ipv6_hdr->dst_addr, IPV6_ADDR_LEN);
        memcpy(key.ip_src, ipv6_hdr->src_addr, IPV6_ADDR_LEN);

        key.proto = ipv6_hdr->proto;

        switch (ipv6_hdr->proto) {
        case IPPROTO_TCP:
                tcp = (struct rte_tcp_hdr *)((unsigned char *) ipv6_hdr +
                                        sizeof(struct rte_ipv6_hdr));
                key.port_dst = rte_be_to_cpu_16(tcp->dst_port);
                key.port_src = rte_be_to_cpu_16(tcp->src_port);
                break;

        case IPPROTO_UDP:
                udp = (struct rte_udp_hdr *)((unsigned char *) ipv6_hdr +
                                        sizeof(struct rte_ipv6_hdr));
                key.port_dst = rte_be_to_cpu_16(udp->dst_port);
                key.port_src = rte_be_to_cpu_16(udp->src_port);
                break;

        default:
                key.port_dst = 0;
                key.port_src = 0;
                break;
        }

        /* Find destination port */
        ret = rte_hash_lookup(ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct, (const void *)&key);
        return ((ret < 0) ? portid : ipv6_l3fwd_out_if[ret]);
}
#endif

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_LPM)
static inline uint16_t
get_ipv4_dst_port(struct rte_ipv4_hdr *ipv4_hdr, uint16_t portid,
                lookup_struct_t *ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct)
{
        uint32_t next_hop;

        return ((rte_lpm_lookup(ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct,
                        rte_be_to_cpu_32(ipv4_hdr->dst_addr), &next_hop) == 0)?
                        next_hop : portid);
}
#endif

static inline void
parse_ptype_one(struct rte_mbuf *m)
{
        struct rte_ether_hdr *eth_hdr;
        uint32_t packet_type = RTE_PTYPE_UNKNOWN;
        uint16_t ether_type;

        eth_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct rte_ether_hdr *);
        ether_type = eth_hdr->ether_type;
        if (ether_type == rte_cpu_to_be_16(RTE_ETHER_TYPE_IPV4))
                packet_type |= RTE_PTYPE_L3_IPV4_EXT_UNKNOWN;
        else if (ether_type == rte_cpu_to_be_16(RTE_ETHER_TYPE_IPV6))
                packet_type |= RTE_PTYPE_L3_IPV6_EXT_UNKNOWN;

        m->packet_type = packet_type;
}

static uint16_t
cb_parse_ptype(uint16_t port __rte_unused, uint16_t queue __rte_unused,
               struct rte_mbuf *pkts[], uint16_t nb_pkts,
               uint16_t max_pkts __rte_unused,
               void *user_param __rte_unused)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < nb_pkts; ++i)
                parse_ptype_one(pkts[i]);

        return nb_pkts;
}

static int
add_cb_parse_ptype(uint16_t portid, uint16_t queueid)
{
        printf("Port %d: softly parse packet type info\n", portid);
        if (rte_eth_add_rx_callback(portid, queueid, cb_parse_ptype, NULL))
                return 0;

        printf("Failed to add rx callback: port=%d\n", portid);
        return -1;
}

static inline void
l3fwd_simple_forward(struct rte_mbuf *m, uint16_t portid,
                                struct lcore_conf *qconf)
{
        struct rte_ether_hdr *eth_hdr;
        struct rte_ipv4_hdr *ipv4_hdr;
        void *d_addr_bytes;
        uint16_t dst_port;

        eth_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct rte_ether_hdr *);

        if (RTE_ETH_IS_IPV4_HDR(m->packet_type)) {
                /* Handle IPv4 headers.*/
                ipv4_hdr =
                        rte_pktmbuf_mtod_offset(m, struct rte_ipv4_hdr *,
                                                sizeof(struct rte_ether_hdr));

#ifdef DO_RFC_1812_CHECKS
                /* Check to make sure the packet is valid (RFC1812) */
                if (is_valid_ipv4_pkt(ipv4_hdr, m->pkt_len) < 0) {
                        rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
                        return;
                }
#endif

                dst_port = get_ipv4_dst_port(ipv4_hdr, portid,
                                        qconf->ipv4_lookup_struct);
                if (dst_port >= RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS ||
                                (enabled_port_mask & 1 << dst_port) == 0)
                        dst_port = portid;

                /* 02:00:00:00:00:xx */
                d_addr_bytes = &eth_hdr->dst_addr.addr_bytes[0];
                *((uint64_t *)d_addr_bytes) =
                        0x000000000002 + ((uint64_t)dst_port << 40);

#ifdef DO_RFC_1812_CHECKS
                /* Update time to live and header checksum */
                --(ipv4_hdr->time_to_live);
                ++(ipv4_hdr->hdr_checksum);
#endif

                /* src addr */
                rte_ether_addr_copy(&ports_eth_addr[dst_port],
                                &eth_hdr->src_addr);

                send_single_packet(m, dst_port);
        } else if (RTE_ETH_IS_IPV6_HDR(m->packet_type)) {
                /* Handle IPv6 headers.*/
#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
                struct rte_ipv6_hdr *ipv6_hdr;

                ipv6_hdr =
                        rte_pktmbuf_mtod_offset(m, struct rte_ipv6_hdr *,
                                                sizeof(struct rte_ether_hdr));

                dst_port = get_ipv6_dst_port(ipv6_hdr, portid,
                                        qconf->ipv6_lookup_struct);

                if (dst_port >= RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS ||
                                (enabled_port_mask & 1 << dst_port) == 0)
                        dst_port = portid;

                /* 02:00:00:00:00:xx */
                d_addr_bytes = &eth_hdr->dst_addr.addr_bytes[0];
                *((uint64_t *)d_addr_bytes) =
                        0x000000000002 + ((uint64_t)dst_port << 40);

                /* src addr */
                rte_ether_addr_copy(&ports_eth_addr[dst_port],
                                &eth_hdr->src_addr);

                send_single_packet(m, dst_port);
#else
                /* We don't currently handle IPv6 packets in LPM mode. */
                rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
#endif
        } else
                rte_pktmbuf_free(m);

}

#define MINIMUM_SLEEP_TIME         1
#define SUSPEND_THRESHOLD          300

static inline uint32_t
power_idle_heuristic(uint32_t zero_rx_packet_count)
{
        /* If zero count is less than 100,  sleep 1us */
        if (zero_rx_packet_count < SUSPEND_THRESHOLD)
                return MINIMUM_SLEEP_TIME;
        /* If zero count is less than 1000, sleep 100 us which is the
                minimum latency switching from C3/C6 to C0
        */
        else
                return SUSPEND_THRESHOLD;
}

static inline enum freq_scale_hint_t
power_freq_scaleup_heuristic(unsigned lcore_id,
                             uint16_t port_id,
                             uint16_t queue_id)
{
        uint32_t rxq_count = rte_eth_rx_queue_count(port_id, queue_id);
/**
 * HW Rx queue size is 128 by default, Rx burst read at maximum 32 entries
 * per iteration
 */
#define FREQ_GEAR1_RX_PACKET_THRESHOLD             MAX_PKT_BURST
#define FREQ_GEAR2_RX_PACKET_THRESHOLD             (MAX_PKT_BURST*2)
#define FREQ_GEAR3_RX_PACKET_THRESHOLD             (MAX_PKT_BURST*3)
#define FREQ_UP_TREND1_ACC   1
#define FREQ_UP_TREND2_ACC   100
#define FREQ_UP_THRESHOLD    10000

        if (likely(rxq_count > FREQ_GEAR3_RX_PACKET_THRESHOLD)) {
                stats[lcore_id].trend = 0;
                return FREQ_HIGHEST;
        } else if (likely(rxq_count > FREQ_GEAR2_RX_PACKET_THRESHOLD))
                stats[lcore_id].trend += FREQ_UP_TREND2_ACC;
        else if (likely(rxq_count > FREQ_GEAR1_RX_PACKET_THRESHOLD))
                stats[lcore_id].trend += FREQ_UP_TREND1_ACC;

        if (likely(stats[lcore_id].trend > FREQ_UP_THRESHOLD)) {
                stats[lcore_id].trend = 0;
                return FREQ_HIGHER;
        }

        return FREQ_CURRENT;
}

/**
 * force polling thread sleep until one-shot rx interrupt triggers
 * @param port_id
 *  Port id.
 * @param queue_id
 *  Rx queue id.
 * @return
 *  0 on success
 */
static int
sleep_until_rx_interrupt(int num, int lcore)
{
        /*
         * we want to track when we are woken up by traffic so that we can go
         * back to sleep again without log spamming. Avoid cache line sharing
         * to prevent threads stepping on each others' toes.
         */
        static struct {
                bool wakeup;
        } __rte_cache_aligned status[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
        struct rte_epoll_event event[num];
        int n, i;
        uint16_t port_id;
        uint8_t queue_id;
        void *data;

        if (status[lcore].wakeup) {
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER,
                                "lcore %u sleeps until interrupt triggers\n",
                                rte_lcore_id());
        }

        n = rte_epoll_wait(RTE_EPOLL_PER_THREAD, event, num, 10);
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                data = event[i].epdata.data;
                port_id = ((uintptr_t)data) >> CHAR_BIT;
                queue_id = ((uintptr_t)data) &
                        RTE_LEN2MASK(CHAR_BIT, uint8_t);
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER,
                        "lcore %u is waked up from rx interrupt on"
                        " port %d queue %d\n",
                        rte_lcore_id(), port_id, queue_id);
        }
        status[lcore].wakeup = n != 0;

        return 0;
}

static void turn_on_off_intr(struct lcore_conf *qconf, bool on)
{
        int i;
        struct lcore_rx_queue *rx_queue;
        uint8_t queue_id;
        uint16_t port_id;

        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                port_id = rx_queue->port_id;
                queue_id = rx_queue->queue_id;

                rte_spinlock_lock(&(locks[port_id]));
                if (on)
                        rte_eth_dev_rx_intr_enable(port_id, queue_id);
                else
                        rte_eth_dev_rx_intr_disable(port_id, queue_id);
                rte_spinlock_unlock(&(locks[port_id]));
        }
}

static int event_register(struct lcore_conf *qconf)
{
        struct lcore_rx_queue *rx_queue;
        uint8_t queueid;
        uint16_t portid;
        uint32_t data;
        int ret;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                portid = rx_queue->port_id;
                queueid = rx_queue->queue_id;
                data = portid << CHAR_BIT | queueid;

                ret = rte_eth_dev_rx_intr_ctl_q(portid, queueid,
                                                RTE_EPOLL_PER_THREAD,
                                                RTE_INTR_EVENT_ADD,
                                                (void *)((uintptr_t)data));
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Main processing loop. 8< */
static int main_intr_loop(__rte_unused void *dummy)
{
        struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
        unsigned int lcore_id;
        uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc;
        int i, j, nb_rx;
        uint8_t queueid;
        uint16_t portid;
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        struct lcore_rx_queue *rx_queue;
        uint32_t lcore_rx_idle_count = 0;
        uint32_t lcore_idle_hint = 0;
        int intr_en = 0;

        const uint64_t drain_tsc = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) /
                                   US_PER_S * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;

        prev_tsc = 0;

        lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];

        if (qconf->n_rx_queue == 0) {
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "lcore %u has nothing to do\n",
                                lcore_id);
                return 0;
        }

        RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "entering main interrupt loop on lcore %u\n",
                        lcore_id);

        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; i++) {
                portid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].port_id;
                queueid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].queue_id;
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER,
                                " -- lcoreid=%u portid=%u rxqueueid=%hhu\n",
                                lcore_id, portid, queueid);
        }

        /* add into event wait list */
        if (event_register(qconf) == 0)
                intr_en = 1;
        else
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "RX interrupt won't enable.\n");

        while (!is_done()) {
                stats[lcore_id].nb_iteration_looped++;

                cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();

                /*
                 * TX burst queue drain
                 */
                diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
                if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
                        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_tx_port; ++i) {
                                portid = qconf->tx_port_id[i];
                                rte_eth_tx_buffer_flush(portid,
                                                qconf->tx_queue_id[portid],
                                                qconf->tx_buffer[portid]);
                        }
                        prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
                }

start_rx:
                /*
                 * Read packet from RX queues
                 */
                lcore_rx_idle_count = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                        rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                        rx_queue->idle_hint = 0;
                        portid = rx_queue->port_id;
                        queueid = rx_queue->queue_id;

                        nb_rx = rte_eth_rx_burst(portid, queueid, pkts_burst,
                                        MAX_PKT_BURST);

                        stats[lcore_id].nb_rx_processed += nb_rx;
                        if (unlikely(nb_rx == 0)) {
                                /**
                                 * no packet received from rx queue, try to
                                 * sleep for a while forcing CPU enter deeper
                                 * C states.
                                 */
                                rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count++;

                                if (rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count <=
                                                MIN_ZERO_POLL_COUNT)
                                        continue;

                                rx_queue->idle_hint = power_idle_heuristic(
                                                rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count);
                                lcore_rx_idle_count++;
                        } else {
                                rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count = 0;
                        }

                        /* Prefetch first packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < PREFETCH_OFFSET && j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(
                                                pkts_burst[j], void *));
                        }

                        /* Prefetch and forward already prefetched packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < (nb_rx - PREFETCH_OFFSET); j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(
                                                pkts_burst[j + PREFETCH_OFFSET],
                                                void *));
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(
                                                pkts_burst[j], portid, qconf);
                        }

                        /* Forward remaining prefetched packets */
                        for (; j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(
                                                pkts_burst[j], portid, qconf);
                        }
                }

                if (unlikely(lcore_rx_idle_count == qconf->n_rx_queue)) {
                        /**
                         * All Rx queues empty in recent consecutive polls,
                         * sleep in a conservative manner, meaning sleep as
                         * less as possible.
                         */
                        for (i = 1,
                            lcore_idle_hint = qconf->rx_queue_list[0].idle_hint;
                                        i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                                rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                                if (rx_queue->idle_hint < lcore_idle_hint)
                                        lcore_idle_hint = rx_queue->idle_hint;
                        }

                        if (lcore_idle_hint < SUSPEND_THRESHOLD)
                                /**
                                 * execute "pause" instruction to avoid context
                                 * switch which generally take hundred of
                                 * microseconds for short sleep.
                                 */
                                rte_delay_us(lcore_idle_hint);
                        else {
                                /* suspend until rx interrupt triggers */
                                if (intr_en) {
                                        turn_on_off_intr(qconf, 1);
                                        sleep_until_rx_interrupt(
                                                        qconf->n_rx_queue,
                                                        lcore_id);
                                        turn_on_off_intr(qconf, 0);
                                        /**
                                         * start receiving packets immediately
                                         */
                                        if (likely(!is_done()))
                                                goto start_rx;
                                }
                        }
                        stats[lcore_id].sleep_time += lcore_idle_hint;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}
/* >8 End of main processing loop. */

/* main processing loop */
static int
main_telemetry_loop(__rte_unused void *dummy)
{
        struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
        unsigned int lcore_id;
        uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc, prev_tel_tsc;
        int i, j, nb_rx;
        uint8_t queueid;
        uint16_t portid;
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        struct lcore_rx_queue *rx_queue;
        uint64_t ep_nep[2] = {0}, fp_nfp[2] = {0};
        uint64_t poll_count;
        enum busy_rate br;

        const uint64_t drain_tsc = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) /
                                        US_PER_S * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;

        poll_count = 0;
        prev_tsc = 0;
        prev_tel_tsc = 0;

        lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];

        if (qconf->n_rx_queue == 0) {
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "lcore %u has nothing to do\n",
                        lcore_id);
                return 0;
        }

        RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "entering main telemetry loop on lcore %u\n",
                lcore_id);

        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; i++) {
                portid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].port_id;
                queueid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].queue_id;
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, " -- lcoreid=%u portid=%u "
                        "rxqueueid=%hhu\n", lcore_id, portid, queueid);
        }

        while (!is_done()) {

                cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
                /*
                 * TX burst queue drain
                 */
                diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
                if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
                        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_tx_port; ++i) {
                                portid = qconf->tx_port_id[i];
                                rte_eth_tx_buffer_flush(portid,
                                                qconf->tx_queue_id[portid],
                                                qconf->tx_buffer[portid]);
                        }
                        prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
                }

                /*
                 * Read packet from RX queues
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                        rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                        portid = rx_queue->port_id;
                        queueid = rx_queue->queue_id;

                        nb_rx = rte_eth_rx_burst(portid, queueid, pkts_burst,
                                                                MAX_PKT_BURST);
                        ep_nep[nb_rx == 0]++;
                        fp_nfp[nb_rx == MAX_PKT_BURST]++;
                        poll_count++;
                        if (unlikely(nb_rx == 0))
                                continue;

                        /* Prefetch first packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < PREFETCH_OFFSET && j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(
                                                pkts_burst[j], void *));
                        }

                        /* Prefetch and forward already prefetched packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < (nb_rx - PREFETCH_OFFSET); j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(pkts_burst[
                                                j + PREFETCH_OFFSET], void *));
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(pkts_burst[j], portid,
                                                                qconf);
                        }

                        /* Forward remaining prefetched packets */
                        for (; j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(pkts_burst[j], portid,
                                                                qconf);
                        }
                }
                if (unlikely(poll_count >= DEFAULT_COUNT)) {
                        diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tel_tsc;
                        if (diff_tsc >= MAX_CYCLES) {
                                br = FULL;
                        } else if (diff_tsc > MIN_CYCLES &&
                                        diff_tsc < MAX_CYCLES) {
                                br = (diff_tsc * 100) / MAX_CYCLES;
                        } else {
                                br = ZERO;
                        }
                        poll_count = 0;
                        prev_tel_tsc = cur_tsc;
                        /* update stats for telemetry */
                        rte_spinlock_lock(&stats[lcore_id].telemetry_lock);
                        stats[lcore_id].ep_nep[0] = ep_nep[0];
                        stats[lcore_id].ep_nep[1] = ep_nep[1];
                        stats[lcore_id].fp_nfp[0] = fp_nfp[0];
                        stats[lcore_id].fp_nfp[1] = fp_nfp[1];
                        stats[lcore_id].br = br;
                        rte_spinlock_unlock(&stats[lcore_id].telemetry_lock);
                }
        }

        return 0;
}
/* main processing loop */
static int
main_empty_poll_loop(__rte_unused void *dummy)
{
        struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
        unsigned int lcore_id;
        uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc;
        int i, j, nb_rx;
        uint8_t queueid;
        uint16_t portid;
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        struct lcore_rx_queue *rx_queue;

        const uint64_t drain_tsc =
                (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) /
                US_PER_S * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;

        prev_tsc = 0;

        lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];

        if (qconf->n_rx_queue == 0) {
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "lcore %u has nothing to do\n",
                        lcore_id);
                return 0;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; i++) {
                portid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].port_id;
                queueid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].queue_id;
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, " -- lcoreid=%u portid=%u "
                                "rxqueueid=%hhu\n", lcore_id, portid, queueid);
        }

        while (!is_done()) {
                stats[lcore_id].nb_iteration_looped++;

                cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
                /*
                 * TX burst queue drain
                 */
                diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
                if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
                        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_tx_port; ++i) {
                                portid = qconf->tx_port_id[i];
                                rte_eth_tx_buffer_flush(portid,
                                                qconf->tx_queue_id[portid],
                                                qconf->tx_buffer[portid]);
                        }
                        prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
                }

                /*
                 * Read packet from RX queues
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                        rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                        rx_queue->idle_hint = 0;
                        portid = rx_queue->port_id;
                        queueid = rx_queue->queue_id;

                        nb_rx = rte_eth_rx_burst(portid, queueid, pkts_burst,
                                        MAX_PKT_BURST);

                        stats[lcore_id].nb_rx_processed += nb_rx;

                        if (nb_rx == 0) {

                                rte_power_empty_poll_stat_update(lcore_id);

                                continue;
                        } else {
                                rte_power_poll_stat_update(lcore_id, nb_rx);
                        }


                        /* Prefetch first packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < PREFETCH_OFFSET && j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(
                                                        pkts_burst[j], void *));
                        }

                        /* Prefetch and forward already prefetched packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < (nb_rx - PREFETCH_OFFSET); j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(pkts_burst[
                                                        j + PREFETCH_OFFSET],
                                                        void *));
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(pkts_burst[j], portid,
                                                qconf);
                        }

                        /* Forward remaining prefetched packets */
                        for (; j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(pkts_burst[j], portid,
                                                qconf);
                        }

                }

        }

        return 0;
}
/* main processing loop */
static int
main_legacy_loop(__rte_unused void *dummy)
{
        struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
        unsigned lcore_id;
        uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc, tim_res_tsc, hz;
        uint64_t prev_tsc_power = 0, cur_tsc_power, diff_tsc_power;
        int i, j, nb_rx;
        uint8_t queueid;
        uint16_t portid;
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        struct lcore_rx_queue *rx_queue;
        enum freq_scale_hint_t lcore_scaleup_hint;
        uint32_t lcore_rx_idle_count = 0;
        uint32_t lcore_idle_hint = 0;
        int intr_en = 0;

        const uint64_t drain_tsc = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) / US_PER_S * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;

        prev_tsc = 0;
        hz = rte_get_timer_hz();
        tim_res_tsc = hz/TIMER_NUMBER_PER_SECOND;

        lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];

        if (qconf->n_rx_queue == 0) {
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "lcore %u has nothing to do\n", lcore_id);
                return 0;
        }

        RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "entering main loop on lcore %u\n", lcore_id);

        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; i++) {
                portid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].port_id;
                queueid = qconf->rx_queue_list[i].queue_id;
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, " -- lcoreid=%u portid=%u "
                        "rxqueueid=%hhu\n", lcore_id, portid, queueid);
        }

        /* add into event wait list */
        if (event_register(qconf) == 0)
                intr_en = 1;
        else
                RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "RX interrupt won't enable.\n");

        while (!is_done()) {
                stats[lcore_id].nb_iteration_looped++;

                cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
                cur_tsc_power = cur_tsc;

                /*
                 * TX burst queue drain
                 */
                diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
                if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
                        for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_tx_port; ++i) {
                                portid = qconf->tx_port_id[i];
                                rte_eth_tx_buffer_flush(portid,
                                                qconf->tx_queue_id[portid],
                                                qconf->tx_buffer[portid]);
                        }
                        prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
                }

                diff_tsc_power = cur_tsc_power - prev_tsc_power;
                if (diff_tsc_power > tim_res_tsc) {
                        rte_timer_manage();
                        prev_tsc_power = cur_tsc_power;
                }

start_rx:
                /*
                 * Read packet from RX queues
                 */
                lcore_scaleup_hint = FREQ_CURRENT;
                lcore_rx_idle_count = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                        rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                        rx_queue->idle_hint = 0;
                        portid = rx_queue->port_id;
                        queueid = rx_queue->queue_id;

                        nb_rx = rte_eth_rx_burst(portid, queueid, pkts_burst,
                                                                MAX_PKT_BURST);

                        stats[lcore_id].nb_rx_processed += nb_rx;
                        if (unlikely(nb_rx == 0)) {
                                /**
                                 * no packet received from rx queue, try to
                                 * sleep for a while forcing CPU enter deeper
                                 * C states.
                                 */
                                rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count++;

                                if (rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count <=
                                                        MIN_ZERO_POLL_COUNT)
                                        continue;

                                rx_queue->idle_hint = power_idle_heuristic(\
                                        rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count);
                                lcore_rx_idle_count++;
                        } else {
                                rx_queue->zero_rx_packet_count = 0;

                                /**
                                 * do not scale up frequency immediately as
                                 * user to kernel space communication is costly
                                 * which might impact packet I/O for received
                                 * packets.
                                 */
                                rx_queue->freq_up_hint =
                                        power_freq_scaleup_heuristic(lcore_id,
                                                        portid, queueid);
                        }

                        /* Prefetch first packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < PREFETCH_OFFSET && j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(
                                                pkts_burst[j], void *));
                        }

                        /* Prefetch and forward already prefetched packets */
                        for (j = 0; j < (nb_rx - PREFETCH_OFFSET); j++) {
                                rte_prefetch0(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(pkts_burst[
                                                j + PREFETCH_OFFSET], void *));
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(pkts_burst[j], portid,
                                                                qconf);
                        }

                        /* Forward remaining prefetched packets */
                        for (; j < nb_rx; j++) {
                                l3fwd_simple_forward(pkts_burst[j], portid,
                                                                qconf);
                        }
                }

                if (likely(lcore_rx_idle_count != qconf->n_rx_queue)) {
                        for (i = 1, lcore_scaleup_hint =
                                qconf->rx_queue_list[0].freq_up_hint;
                                        i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                                rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                                if (rx_queue->freq_up_hint >
                                                lcore_scaleup_hint)
                                        lcore_scaleup_hint =
                                                rx_queue->freq_up_hint;
                        }

                        if (lcore_scaleup_hint == FREQ_HIGHEST) {
                                if (rte_power_freq_max)
                                        rte_power_freq_max(lcore_id);
                        } else if (lcore_scaleup_hint == FREQ_HIGHER) {
                                if (rte_power_freq_up)
                                        rte_power_freq_up(lcore_id);
                        }
                } else {
                        /**
                         * All Rx queues empty in recent consecutive polls,
                         * sleep in a conservative manner, meaning sleep as
                         * less as possible.
                         */
                        for (i = 1, lcore_idle_hint =
                                qconf->rx_queue_list[0].idle_hint;
                                        i < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++i) {
                                rx_queue = &(qconf->rx_queue_list[i]);
                                if (rx_queue->idle_hint < lcore_idle_hint)
                                        lcore_idle_hint = rx_queue->idle_hint;
                        }

                        if (lcore_idle_hint < SUSPEND_THRESHOLD)
                                /**
                                 * execute "pause" instruction to avoid context
                                 * switch which generally take hundred of
                                 * microseconds for short sleep.
                                 */
                                rte_delay_us(lcore_idle_hint);
                        else {
                                /* suspend until rx interrupt triggers */
                                if (intr_en) {
                                        turn_on_off_intr(qconf, 1);
                                        sleep_until_rx_interrupt(
                                                        qconf->n_rx_queue,
                                                        lcore_id);
                                        turn_on_off_intr(qconf, 0);
                                        /**
                                         * start receiving packets immediately
                                         */
                                        if (likely(!is_done()))
                                                goto start_rx;
                                }
                        }
                        stats[lcore_id].sleep_time += lcore_idle_hint;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

static int
check_lcore_params(void)
{
        uint8_t queue, lcore;
        uint16_t i;
        int socketid;

        for (i = 0; i < nb_lcore_params; ++i) {
                queue = lcore_params[i].queue_id;
                if (queue >= MAX_RX_QUEUE_PER_PORT) {
                        printf("invalid queue number: %hhu\n", queue);
                        return -1;
                }
                lcore = lcore_params[i].lcore_id;
                if (!rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore)) {
                        printf("error: lcore %hhu is not enabled in lcore "
                                                        "mask\n", lcore);
                        return -1;
                }
                if ((socketid = rte_lcore_to_socket_id(lcore) != 0) &&
                                                        (numa_on == 0)) {
                        printf("warning: lcore %hhu is on socket %d with numa "
                                                "off\n", lcore, socketid);
                }
                if (app_mode == APP_MODE_TELEMETRY && lcore == rte_lcore_id()) {
                        printf("cannot enable main core %d in config for telemetry mode\n",
                                rte_lcore_id());
                        return -1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

static int
check_port_config(void)
{
        unsigned portid;
        uint16_t i;

        for (i = 0; i < nb_lcore_params; ++i) {
                portid = lcore_params[i].port_id;
                if ((enabled_port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0) {
                        printf("port %u is not enabled in port mask\n",
                                                                portid);
                        return -1;
                }
                if (!rte_eth_dev_is_valid_port(portid)) {
                        printf("port %u is not present on the board\n",
                                                                portid);
                        return -1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

static uint8_t
get_port_n_rx_queues(const uint16_t port)
{
        int queue = -1;
        uint16_t i;

        for (i = 0; i < nb_lcore_params; ++i) {
                if (lcore_params[i].port_id == port &&
                                lcore_params[i].queue_id > queue)
                        queue = lcore_params[i].queue_id;
        }
        return (uint8_t)(++queue);
}

static int
init_lcore_rx_queues(void)
{
        uint16_t i, nb_rx_queue;
        uint8_t lcore;

        for (i = 0; i < nb_lcore_params; ++i) {
                lcore = lcore_params[i].lcore_id;
                nb_rx_queue = lcore_conf[lcore].n_rx_queue;
                if (nb_rx_queue >= MAX_RX_QUEUE_PER_LCORE) {
                        printf("error: too many queues (%u) for lcore: %u\n",
                                (unsigned)nb_rx_queue + 1, (unsigned)lcore);
                        return -1;
                } else {
                        lcore_conf[lcore].rx_queue_list[nb_rx_queue].port_id =
                                lcore_params[i].port_id;
                        lcore_conf[lcore].rx_queue_list[nb_rx_queue].queue_id =
                                lcore_params[i].queue_id;
                        lcore_conf[lcore].n_rx_queue++;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/* display usage */
static void
print_usage(const char *prgname)
{
        printf ("%s [EAL options] -- -p PORTMASK -P"
                "  [--config (port,queue,lcore)[,(port,queue,lcore]]"
                "  [--high-perf-cores CORELIST"
                "  [--perf-config (port,queue,hi_perf,lcore_index)[,(port,queue,hi_perf,lcore_index]]"
                "  [--max-pkt-len PKTLEN]\n"
                "  -p PORTMASK: hexadecimal bitmask of ports to configure\n"
                "  -P: enable promiscuous mode\n"
                "  --config (port,queue,lcore): rx queues configuration\n"
                "  --high-perf-cores CORELIST: list of high performance cores\n"
                "  --perf-config: similar as config, cores specified as indices"
                " for bins containing high or regular performance cores\n"
                "  --no-numa: optional, disable numa awareness\n"
                "  --max-pkt-len PKTLEN: maximum packet length in decimal (64-9600)\n"
                "  --parse-ptype: parse packet type by software\n"
                "  --legacy: use legacy interrupt-based scaling\n"
                "  --empty-poll: enable empty poll detection"
                " follow (training_flag, high_threshold, med_threshold)\n"
                " --telemetry: enable telemetry mode, to update"
                " empty polls, full polls, and core busyness to telemetry\n"
                " --interrupt-only: enable interrupt-only mode\n"
                " --pmd-mgmt MODE: enable PMD power management mode. "
                "Currently supported modes: baseline, monitor, pause, scale\n",
                prgname);
}

static int parse_max_pkt_len(const char *pktlen)
{
        char *end = NULL;
        unsigned long len;

        /* parse decimal string */
        len = strtoul(pktlen, &end, 10);
        if ((pktlen[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0'))
                return -1;

        if (len == 0)
                return -1;

        return len;
}

static int
parse_portmask(const char *portmask)
{
        char *end = NULL;
        unsigned long pm;

        /* parse hexadecimal string */
        pm = strtoul(portmask, &end, 16);
        if ((portmask[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0'))
                return 0;

        return pm;
}

static int
parse_config(const char *q_arg)
{
        char s[256];
        const char *p, *p0 = q_arg;
        char *end;
        enum fieldnames {
                FLD_PORT = 0,
                FLD_QUEUE,
                FLD_LCORE,
                _NUM_FLD
        };
        unsigned long int_fld[_NUM_FLD];
        char *str_fld[_NUM_FLD];
        int i;
        unsigned size;

        nb_lcore_params = 0;

        while ((p = strchr(p0,'(')) != NULL) {
                ++p;
                if((p0 = strchr(p,')')) == NULL)
                        return -1;

                size = p0 - p;
                if(size >= sizeof(s))
                        return -1;

                snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "%.*s", size, p);
                if (rte_strsplit(s, sizeof(s), str_fld, _NUM_FLD, ',') !=
                                                                _NUM_FLD)
                        return -1;
                for (i = 0; i < _NUM_FLD; i++){
                        errno = 0;
                        int_fld[i] = strtoul(str_fld[i], &end, 0);
                        if (errno != 0 || end == str_fld[i] || int_fld[i] >
                                                                        255)
                                return -1;
                }
                if (nb_lcore_params >= MAX_LCORE_PARAMS) {
                        printf("exceeded max number of lcore params: %hu\n",
                                nb_lcore_params);
                        return -1;
                }
                lcore_params_array[nb_lcore_params].port_id =
                                (uint8_t)int_fld[FLD_PORT];
                lcore_params_array[nb_lcore_params].queue_id =
                                (uint8_t)int_fld[FLD_QUEUE];
                lcore_params_array[nb_lcore_params].lcore_id =
                                (uint8_t)int_fld[FLD_LCORE];
                ++nb_lcore_params;
        }
        lcore_params = lcore_params_array;

        return 0;
}

static int
parse_pmd_mgmt_config(const char *name)
{
#define PMD_MGMT_MONITOR "monitor"
#define PMD_MGMT_PAUSE   "pause"
#define PMD_MGMT_SCALE   "scale"
#define PMD_MGMT_BASELINE  "baseline"

        if (strncmp(PMD_MGMT_MONITOR, name, sizeof(PMD_MGMT_MONITOR)) == 0) {
                pmgmt_type = RTE_POWER_MGMT_TYPE_MONITOR;
                return 0;
        }

        if (strncmp(PMD_MGMT_PAUSE, name, sizeof(PMD_MGMT_PAUSE)) == 0) {
                pmgmt_type = RTE_POWER_MGMT_TYPE_PAUSE;
                return 0;
        }

        if (strncmp(PMD_MGMT_SCALE, name, sizeof(PMD_MGMT_SCALE)) == 0) {
                pmgmt_type = RTE_POWER_MGMT_TYPE_SCALE;
                return 0;
        }
        if (strncmp(PMD_MGMT_BASELINE, name, sizeof(PMD_MGMT_BASELINE)) == 0) {
                baseline_enabled = true;
                return 0;
        }
        /* unknown PMD power management mode */
        return -1;
}

static int
parse_ep_config(const char *q_arg)
{
        char s[256];
        const char *p = q_arg;
        char *end;
        int  num_arg;

        char *str_fld[3];

        int training_flag;
        int med_edpi;
        int hgh_edpi;

        ep_med_edpi = EMPTY_POLL_MED_THRESHOLD;
        ep_hgh_edpi = EMPTY_POLL_HGH_THRESHOLD;

        strlcpy(s, p, sizeof(s));

        num_arg = rte_strsplit(s, sizeof(s), str_fld, 3, ',');

        empty_poll_train = false;

        if (num_arg == 0)
                return 0;

        if (num_arg == 3) {

                training_flag = strtoul(str_fld[0], &end, 0);
                med_edpi = strtoul(str_fld[1], &end, 0);
                hgh_edpi = strtoul(str_fld[2], &end, 0);

                if (training_flag == 1)
                        empty_poll_train = true;

                if (med_edpi > 0)
                        ep_med_edpi = med_edpi;

                if (hgh_edpi > 0)
                        ep_hgh_edpi = hgh_edpi;

        } else {

                return -1;
        }

        return 0;

}
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_PARSE_PTYPE "parse-ptype"
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_LEGACY "legacy"
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_EMPTY_POLL "empty-poll"
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_INTERRUPT_ONLY "interrupt-only"
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_TELEMETRY "telemetry"
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_PMD_MGMT "pmd-mgmt"
#define CMD_LINE_OPT_MAX_PKT_LEN "max-pkt-len"

/* Parse the argument given in the command line of the application */
static int
parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
{
        int opt, ret;
        char **argvopt;
        int option_index;
        uint32_t limit;
        char *prgname = argv[0];
        static struct option lgopts[] = {
                {"config", 1, 0, 0},
                {"perf-config", 1, 0, 0},
                {"high-perf-cores", 1, 0, 0},
                {"no-numa", 0, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_MAX_PKT_LEN, 1, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_EMPTY_POLL, 1, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_PARSE_PTYPE, 0, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_LEGACY, 0, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_TELEMETRY, 0, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_INTERRUPT_ONLY, 0, 0, 0},
                {CMD_LINE_OPT_PMD_MGMT, 1, 0, 0},
                {NULL, 0, 0, 0}
        };

        argvopt = argv;

        while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argvopt, "p:l:m:h:P",
                                lgopts, &option_index)) != EOF) {

                switch (opt) {
                /* portmask */
                case 'p':
                        enabled_port_mask = parse_portmask(optarg);
                        if (enabled_port_mask == 0) {
                                printf("invalid portmask\n");
                                print_usage(prgname);
                                return -1;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'P':
                        printf("Promiscuous mode selected\n");
                        promiscuous_on = 1;
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        limit = parse_max_pkt_len(optarg);
                        freq_tlb[LOW] = limit;
                        break;
                case 'm':
                        limit = parse_max_pkt_len(optarg);
                        freq_tlb[MED] = limit;
                        break;
                case 'h':
                        limit = parse_max_pkt_len(optarg);
                        freq_tlb[HGH] = limit;
                        break;
                /* long options */
                case 0:
                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name, "config", 6)) {
                                ret = parse_config(optarg);
                                if (ret) {
                                        printf("invalid config\n");
                                        print_usage(prgname);
                                        return -1;
                                }
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        "perf-config", 11)) {
                                ret = parse_perf_config(optarg);
                                if (ret) {
                                        printf("invalid perf-config\n");
                                        print_usage(prgname);
                                        return -1;
                                }
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        "high-perf-cores", 15)) {
                                ret = parse_perf_core_list(optarg);
                                if (ret) {
                                        printf("invalid high-perf-cores\n");
                                        print_usage(prgname);
                                        return -1;
                                }
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                                "no-numa", 7)) {
                                printf("numa is disabled \n");
                                numa_on = 0;
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        CMD_LINE_OPT_LEGACY,
                                        sizeof(CMD_LINE_OPT_LEGACY))) {
                                if (app_mode != APP_MODE_DEFAULT) {
                                        printf(" legacy mode is mutually exclusive with other modes\n");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                app_mode = APP_MODE_LEGACY;
                                printf("legacy mode is enabled\n");
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        CMD_LINE_OPT_EMPTY_POLL, 10)) {
                                if (app_mode != APP_MODE_DEFAULT) {
                                        printf(" empty-poll mode is mutually exclusive with other modes\n");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                app_mode = APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL;
                                ret = parse_ep_config(optarg);

                                if (ret) {
                                        printf("invalid empty poll config\n");
                                        print_usage(prgname);
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                printf("empty-poll is enabled\n");
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        CMD_LINE_OPT_TELEMETRY,
                                        sizeof(CMD_LINE_OPT_TELEMETRY))) {
                                if (app_mode != APP_MODE_DEFAULT) {
                                        printf(" telemetry mode is mutually exclusive with other modes\n");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                app_mode = APP_MODE_TELEMETRY;
                                printf("telemetry mode is enabled\n");
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        CMD_LINE_OPT_PMD_MGMT,
                                        sizeof(CMD_LINE_OPT_PMD_MGMT))) {
                                if (app_mode != APP_MODE_DEFAULT) {
                                        printf(" power mgmt mode is mutually exclusive with other modes\n");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                if (parse_pmd_mgmt_config(optarg) < 0) {
                                        printf(" Invalid PMD power management mode: %s\n",
                                                        optarg);
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                app_mode = APP_MODE_PMD_MGMT;
                                printf("PMD power mgmt mode is enabled\n");
                        }
                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        CMD_LINE_OPT_INTERRUPT_ONLY,
                                        sizeof(CMD_LINE_OPT_INTERRUPT_ONLY))) {
                                if (app_mode != APP_MODE_DEFAULT) {
                                        printf(" interrupt-only mode is mutually exclusive with other modes\n");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                app_mode = APP_MODE_INTERRUPT;
                                printf("interrupt-only mode is enabled\n");
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                        CMD_LINE_OPT_MAX_PKT_LEN,
                                        sizeof(CMD_LINE_OPT_MAX_PKT_LEN))) {
                                printf("Custom frame size is configured\n");
                                max_pkt_len = parse_max_pkt_len(optarg);
                        }

                        if (!strncmp(lgopts[option_index].name,
                                     CMD_LINE_OPT_PARSE_PTYPE,
                                     sizeof(CMD_LINE_OPT_PARSE_PTYPE))) {
                                printf("soft parse-ptype is enabled\n");
                                parse_ptype = 1;
                        }

                        break;

                default:
                        print_usage(prgname);
                        return -1;
                }
        }

        if (optind >= 0)
                argv[optind-1] = prgname;

        ret = optind-1;
        optind = 1; /* reset getopt lib */
        return ret;
}

static void
print_ethaddr(const char *name, const struct rte_ether_addr *eth_addr)
{
        char buf[RTE_ETHER_ADDR_FMT_SIZE];
        rte_ether_format_addr(buf, RTE_ETHER_ADDR_FMT_SIZE, eth_addr);
        printf("%s%s", name, buf);
}

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
static void
setup_hash(int socketid)
{
        struct rte_hash_parameters ipv4_l3fwd_hash_params = {
                .name = NULL,
                .entries = L3FWD_HASH_ENTRIES,
                .key_len = sizeof(struct ipv4_5tuple),
                .hash_func = DEFAULT_HASH_FUNC,
                .hash_func_init_val = 0,
        };

        struct rte_hash_parameters ipv6_l3fwd_hash_params = {
                .name = NULL,
                .entries = L3FWD_HASH_ENTRIES,
                .key_len = sizeof(struct ipv6_5tuple),
                .hash_func = DEFAULT_HASH_FUNC,
                .hash_func_init_val = 0,
        };

        unsigned i;
        int ret;
        char s[64];

        /* create ipv4 hash */
        snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "ipv4_l3fwd_hash_%d", socketid);
        ipv4_l3fwd_hash_params.name = s;
        ipv4_l3fwd_hash_params.socket_id = socketid;
        ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid] =
                rte_hash_create(&ipv4_l3fwd_hash_params);
        if (ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid] == NULL)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unable to create the l3fwd hash on "
                                "socket %d\n", socketid);

        /* create ipv6 hash */
        snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "ipv6_l3fwd_hash_%d", socketid);
        ipv6_l3fwd_hash_params.name = s;
        ipv6_l3fwd_hash_params.socket_id = socketid;
        ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid] =
                rte_hash_create(&ipv6_l3fwd_hash_params);
        if (ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid] == NULL)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unable to create the l3fwd hash on "
                                "socket %d\n", socketid);


        /* populate the ipv4 hash */
        for (i = 0; i < RTE_DIM(ipv4_l3fwd_route_array); i++) {
                ret = rte_hash_add_key (ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid],
                                (void *) &ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].key);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unable to add entry %u to the"
                                "l3fwd hash on socket %d\n", i, socketid);
                }
                ipv4_l3fwd_out_if[ret] = ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].if_out;
                printf("Hash: Adding key\n");
                print_ipv4_key(ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].key);
        }

        /* populate the ipv6 hash */
        for (i = 0; i < RTE_DIM(ipv6_l3fwd_route_array); i++) {
                ret = rte_hash_add_key (ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid],
                                (void *) &ipv6_l3fwd_route_array[i].key);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unable to add entry %u to the"
                                "l3fwd hash on socket %d\n", i, socketid);
                }
                ipv6_l3fwd_out_if[ret] = ipv6_l3fwd_route_array[i].if_out;
                printf("Hash: Adding key\n");
                print_ipv6_key(ipv6_l3fwd_route_array[i].key);
        }
}
#endif

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_LPM)
static void
setup_lpm(int socketid)
{
        unsigned i;
        int ret;
        char s[64];

        /* create the LPM table */
        struct rte_lpm_config lpm_ipv4_config;

        lpm_ipv4_config.max_rules = IPV4_L3FWD_LPM_MAX_RULES;
        lpm_ipv4_config.number_tbl8s = 256;
        lpm_ipv4_config.flags = 0;

        snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "IPV4_L3FWD_LPM_%d", socketid);
        ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid] =
                        rte_lpm_create(s, socketid, &lpm_ipv4_config);
        if (ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid] == NULL)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unable to create the l3fwd LPM table"
                                " on socket %d\n", socketid);

        /* populate the LPM table */
        for (i = 0; i < RTE_DIM(ipv4_l3fwd_route_array); i++) {
                ret = rte_lpm_add(ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid],
                        ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].ip,
                        ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].depth,
                        ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].if_out);

                if (ret < 0) {
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unable to add entry %u to the "
                                "l3fwd LPM table on socket %d\n",
                                i, socketid);
                }

                printf("LPM: Adding route 0x%08x / %d (%d)\n",
                        (unsigned)ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].ip,
                        ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].depth,
                        ipv4_l3fwd_route_array[i].if_out);
        }
}
#endif

static int
init_mem(unsigned nb_mbuf)
{
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        int socketid;
        unsigned lcore_id;
        char s[64];

        for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id++) {
                if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id) == 0)
                        continue;

                if (numa_on)
                        socketid = rte_lcore_to_socket_id(lcore_id);
                else
                        socketid = 0;

                if (socketid >= NB_SOCKETS) {
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Socket %d of lcore %u is "
                                        "out of range %d\n", socketid,
                                                lcore_id, NB_SOCKETS);
                }
                if (pktmbuf_pool[socketid] == NULL) {
                        snprintf(s, sizeof(s), "mbuf_pool_%d", socketid);
                        pktmbuf_pool[socketid] =
                                rte_pktmbuf_pool_create(s, nb_mbuf,
                                        MEMPOOL_CACHE_SIZE, 0,
                                        RTE_MBUF_DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE,
                                        socketid);
                        if (pktmbuf_pool[socketid] == NULL)
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                        "Cannot init mbuf pool on socket %d\n",
                                                                socketid);
                        else
                                printf("Allocated mbuf pool on socket %d\n",
                                                                socketid);

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_LPM)
                        setup_lpm(socketid);
#else
                        setup_hash(socketid);
#endif
                }
                qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];
                qconf->ipv4_lookup_struct = ipv4_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid];
#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
                qconf->ipv6_lookup_struct = ipv6_l3fwd_lookup_struct[socketid];
#endif
        }
        return 0;
}

/* Check the link status of all ports in up to 9s, and print them finally */
static void
check_all_ports_link_status(uint32_t port_mask)
{
#define CHECK_INTERVAL 100 /* 100ms */
#define MAX_CHECK_TIME 90 /* 9s (90 * 100ms) in total */
        uint8_t count, all_ports_up, print_flag = 0;
        uint16_t portid;
        struct rte_eth_link link;
        int ret;
        char link_status_text[RTE_ETH_LINK_MAX_STR_LEN];

        printf("\nChecking link status");
        fflush(stdout);
        for (count = 0; count <= MAX_CHECK_TIME; count++) {
                all_ports_up = 1;
                RTE_ETH_FOREACH_DEV(portid) {
                        if ((port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0)
                                continue;
                        memset(&link, 0, sizeof(link));
                        ret = rte_eth_link_get_nowait(portid, &link);
                        if (ret < 0) {
                                all_ports_up = 0;
                                if (print_flag == 1)
                                        printf("Port %u link get failed: %s\n",
                                                portid, rte_strerror(-ret));
                                continue;
                        }
                        /* print link status if flag set */
                        if (print_flag == 1) {
                                rte_eth_link_to_str(link_status_text,
                                        sizeof(link_status_text), &link);
                                printf("Port %d %s\n", portid,
                                       link_status_text);
                                continue;
                        }
                        /* clear all_ports_up flag if any link down */
                        if (link.link_status == RTE_ETH_LINK_DOWN) {
                                all_ports_up = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                /* after finally printing all link status, get out */
                if (print_flag == 1)
                        break;

                if (all_ports_up == 0) {
                        printf(".");
                        fflush(stdout);
                        rte_delay_ms(CHECK_INTERVAL);
                }

                /* set the print_flag if all ports up or timeout */
                if (all_ports_up == 1 || count == (MAX_CHECK_TIME - 1)) {
                        print_flag = 1;
                        printf("done\n");
                }
        }
}

static int check_ptype(uint16_t portid)
{
        int i, ret;
        int ptype_l3_ipv4 = 0;
#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
        int ptype_l3_ipv6 = 0;
#endif
        uint32_t ptype_mask = RTE_PTYPE_L3_MASK;

        ret = rte_eth_dev_get_supported_ptypes(portid, ptype_mask, NULL, 0);
        if (ret <= 0)
                return 0;

        uint32_t ptypes[ret];

        ret = rte_eth_dev_get_supported_ptypes(portid, ptype_mask, ptypes, ret);
        for (i = 0; i < ret; ++i) {
                if (ptypes[i] & RTE_PTYPE_L3_IPV4)
                        ptype_l3_ipv4 = 1;
#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
                if (ptypes[i] & RTE_PTYPE_L3_IPV6)
                        ptype_l3_ipv6 = 1;
#endif
        }

        if (ptype_l3_ipv4 == 0)
                printf("port %d cannot parse RTE_PTYPE_L3_IPV4\n", portid);

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH)
        if (ptype_l3_ipv6 == 0)
                printf("port %d cannot parse RTE_PTYPE_L3_IPV6\n", portid);
#endif

#if (APP_LOOKUP_METHOD == APP_LOOKUP_LPM)
        if (ptype_l3_ipv4)
#else /* APP_LOOKUP_EXACT_MATCH */
        if (ptype_l3_ipv4 && ptype_l3_ipv6)
#endif
                return 1;

        return 0;

}

static int
init_power_library(void)
{
        enum power_management_env env;
        unsigned int lcore_id;
        int ret = 0;

        RTE_LCORE_FOREACH(lcore_id) {
                /* init power management library */
                ret = rte_power_init(lcore_id);
                if (ret) {
                        RTE_LOG(ERR, POWER,
                                "Library initialization failed on core %u\n",
                                lcore_id);
                        return ret;
                }
                /* we're not supporting the VM channel mode */
                env = rte_power_get_env();
                if (env != PM_ENV_ACPI_CPUFREQ &&
                                env != PM_ENV_PSTATE_CPUFREQ) {
                        RTE_LOG(ERR, POWER,
                                "Only ACPI and PSTATE mode are supported\n");
                        return -1;
                }
        }
        return ret;
}

static int
deinit_power_library(void)
{
        unsigned int lcore_id;
        int ret = 0;

        RTE_LCORE_FOREACH(lcore_id) {
                /* deinit power management library */
                ret = rte_power_exit(lcore_id);
                if (ret) {
                        RTE_LOG(ERR, POWER,
                                "Library deinitialization failed on core %u\n",
                                lcore_id);
                        return ret;
                }
        }
        return ret;
}

static void
get_current_stat_values(uint64_t *values)
{
        unsigned int lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        uint64_t app_eps = 0, app_fps = 0, app_br = 0;
        uint64_t count = 0;

        RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_WORKER(lcore_id) {
                qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];
                if (qconf->n_rx_queue == 0)
                        continue;
                count++;
                rte_spinlock_lock(&stats[lcore_id].telemetry_lock);
                app_eps += stats[lcore_id].ep_nep[1];
                app_fps += stats[lcore_id].fp_nfp[1];
                app_br += stats[lcore_id].br;
                rte_spinlock_unlock(&stats[lcore_id].telemetry_lock);
        }

        if (count > 0) {
                values[0] = app_eps/count;
                values[1] = app_fps/count;
                values[2] = app_br/count;
        } else
                memset(values, 0, sizeof(uint64_t) * NUM_TELSTATS);

}

static void
update_telemetry(__rte_unused struct rte_timer *tim,
                __rte_unused void *arg)
{
        int ret;
        uint64_t values[NUM_TELSTATS] = {0};

        get_current_stat_values(values);
        ret = rte_metrics_update_values(RTE_METRICS_GLOBAL, telstats_index,
                                        values, RTE_DIM(values));
        if (ret < 0)
                RTE_LOG(WARNING, POWER, "failed to update metrcis\n");
}

static int
handle_app_stats(const char *cmd __rte_unused,
                const char *params __rte_unused,
                struct rte_tel_data *d)
{
        uint64_t values[NUM_TELSTATS] = {0};
        uint32_t i;

        rte_tel_data_start_dict(d);
        get_current_stat_values(values);
        for (i = 0; i < NUM_TELSTATS; i++)
                rte_tel_data_add_dict_u64(d, telstats_strings[i].name,
                                values[i]);
        return 0;
}

static void
telemetry_setup_timer(void)
{
        int lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        uint64_t hz = rte_get_timer_hz();
        uint64_t ticks;

        ticks = hz / TELEMETRY_INTERVALS_PER_SEC;
        rte_timer_reset_sync(&telemetry_timer,
                        ticks,
                        PERIODICAL,
                        lcore_id,
                        update_telemetry,
                        NULL);
}
static void
empty_poll_setup_timer(void)
{
        int lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
        uint64_t hz = rte_get_timer_hz();

        struct  ep_params *ep_ptr = ep_params;

        ep_ptr->interval_ticks = hz / INTERVALS_PER_SECOND;

        rte_timer_reset_sync(&ep_ptr->timer0,
                        ep_ptr->interval_ticks,
                        PERIODICAL,
                        lcore_id,
                        rte_empty_poll_detection,
                        (void *)ep_ptr);

}
static int
launch_timer(unsigned int lcore_id)
{
        int64_t prev_tsc = 0, cur_tsc, diff_tsc, cycles_10ms;

        RTE_SET_USED(lcore_id);


        if (rte_get_main_lcore() != lcore_id) {
                rte_panic("timer on lcore:%d which is not main core:%d\n",
                                lcore_id,
                                rte_get_main_lcore());
        }

        RTE_LOG(INFO, POWER, "Bring up the Timer\n");

        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL)
                empty_poll_setup_timer();
        else
                telemetry_setup_timer();

        cycles_10ms = rte_get_timer_hz() / 100;

        while (!is_done()) {
                cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
                diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
                if (diff_tsc > cycles_10ms) {
                        rte_timer_manage();
                        prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
                        cycles_10ms = rte_get_timer_hz() / 100;
                }
        }

        RTE_LOG(INFO, POWER, "Timer_subsystem is done\n");

        return 0;
}

static int
autodetect_mode(void)
{
        RTE_LOG(NOTICE, L3FWD_POWER, "Operating mode not specified, probing frequency scaling support...\n");

        /*
         * Empty poll and telemetry modes have to be specifically requested to
         * be enabled, but we can auto-detect between interrupt mode with or
         * without frequency scaling. Both ACPI and pstate can be used.
         */
        if (rte_power_check_env_supported(PM_ENV_ACPI_CPUFREQ))
                return APP_MODE_LEGACY;
        if (rte_power_check_env_supported(PM_ENV_PSTATE_CPUFREQ))
                return APP_MODE_LEGACY;

        RTE_LOG(NOTICE, L3FWD_POWER, "Frequency scaling not supported, selecting interrupt-only mode\n");

        return APP_MODE_INTERRUPT;
}

static const char *
mode_to_str(enum appmode mode)
{
        switch (mode) {
        case APP_MODE_LEGACY:
                return "legacy";
        case APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL:
                return "empty poll";
        case APP_MODE_TELEMETRY:
                return "telemetry";
        case APP_MODE_INTERRUPT:
                return "interrupt-only";
        case APP_MODE_PMD_MGMT:
                return "pmd mgmt";
        default:
                return "invalid";
        }
}

static uint32_t
eth_dev_get_overhead_len(uint32_t max_rx_pktlen, uint16_t max_mtu)
{
        uint32_t overhead_len;

        if (max_mtu != UINT16_MAX && max_rx_pktlen > max_mtu)
                overhead_len = max_rx_pktlen - max_mtu;
        else
                overhead_len = RTE_ETHER_HDR_LEN + RTE_ETHER_CRC_LEN;

        return overhead_len;
}

static int
config_port_max_pkt_len(struct rte_eth_conf *conf,
                struct rte_eth_dev_info *dev_info)
{
        uint32_t overhead_len;

        if (max_pkt_len == 0)
                return 0;

        if (max_pkt_len < RTE_ETHER_MIN_LEN || max_pkt_len > MAX_JUMBO_PKT_LEN)
                return -1;

        overhead_len = eth_dev_get_overhead_len(dev_info->max_rx_pktlen,
                        dev_info->max_mtu);
        conf->rxmode.mtu = max_pkt_len - overhead_len;

        if (conf->rxmode.mtu > RTE_ETHER_MTU)
                conf->txmode.offloads |= RTE_ETH_TX_OFFLOAD_MULTI_SEGS;

        return 0;
}

/* Power library initialized in the main routine. 8< */
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        struct lcore_conf *qconf;
        struct rte_eth_dev_info dev_info;
        struct rte_eth_txconf *txconf;
        int ret;
        uint16_t nb_ports;
        uint16_t queueid;
        unsigned lcore_id;
        uint64_t hz;
        uint32_t n_tx_queue, nb_lcores;
        uint32_t dev_rxq_num, dev_txq_num;
        uint8_t nb_rx_queue, queue, socketid;
        uint16_t portid;
        const char *ptr_strings[NUM_TELSTATS];

        /* init EAL */
        ret = rte_eal_init(argc, argv);
        if (ret < 0)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid EAL parameters\n");
        argc -= ret;
        argv += ret;

        /* catch SIGINT and restore cpufreq governor to ondemand */
        signal(SIGINT, signal_exit_now);

        /* init RTE timer library to be used late */
        rte_timer_subsystem_init();

        /* if we're running pmd-mgmt mode, don't default to baseline mode */
        baseline_enabled = false;

        /* parse application arguments (after the EAL ones) */
        ret = parse_args(argc, argv);
        if (ret < 0)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid L3FWD parameters\n");

        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_DEFAULT)
                app_mode = autodetect_mode();

        RTE_LOG(INFO, L3FWD_POWER, "Selected operation mode: %s\n",
                        mode_to_str(app_mode));

        /* only legacy and empty poll mode rely on power library */
        if ((app_mode == APP_MODE_LEGACY || app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL) &&
                        init_power_library())
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "init_power_library failed\n");

        if (update_lcore_params() < 0)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "update_lcore_params failed\n");

        if (check_lcore_params() < 0)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "check_lcore_params failed\n");

        ret = init_lcore_rx_queues();
        if (ret < 0)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "init_lcore_rx_queues failed\n");

        nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count_avail();

        if (check_port_config() < 0)
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "check_port_config failed\n");

        nb_lcores = rte_lcore_count();

        /* initialize all ports */
        RTE_ETH_FOREACH_DEV(portid) {
                struct rte_eth_conf local_port_conf = port_conf;
                /* not all app modes need interrupts */
                bool need_intr = app_mode == APP_MODE_LEGACY ||
                                app_mode == APP_MODE_INTERRUPT;

                /* skip ports that are not enabled */
                if ((enabled_port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0) {
                        printf("\nSkipping disabled port %d\n", portid);
                        continue;
                }

                /* init port */
                printf("Initializing port %d ... ", portid );
                fflush(stdout);

                ret = rte_eth_dev_info_get(portid, &dev_info);
                if (ret != 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                "Error during getting device (port %u) info: %s\n",
                                portid, strerror(-ret));

                dev_rxq_num = dev_info.max_rx_queues;
                dev_txq_num = dev_info.max_tx_queues;

                nb_rx_queue = get_port_n_rx_queues(portid);
                if (nb_rx_queue > dev_rxq_num)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                "Cannot configure not existed rxq: "
                                "port=%d\n", portid);

                n_tx_queue = nb_lcores;
                if (n_tx_queue > dev_txq_num)
                        n_tx_queue = dev_txq_num;
                printf("Creating queues: nb_rxq=%d nb_txq=%u... ",
                        nb_rx_queue, (unsigned)n_tx_queue );
                /* If number of Rx queue is 0, no need to enable Rx interrupt */
                if (nb_rx_queue == 0)
                        need_intr = false;

                if (need_intr)
                        local_port_conf.intr_conf.rxq = 1;

                ret = rte_eth_dev_info_get(portid, &dev_info);
                if (ret != 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                "Error during getting device (port %u) info: %s\n",
                                portid, strerror(-ret));

                ret = config_port_max_pkt_len(&local_port_conf, &dev_info);
                if (ret != 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                "Invalid max packet length: %u (port %u)\n",
                                max_pkt_len, portid);

                if (dev_info.tx_offload_capa & RTE_ETH_TX_OFFLOAD_MBUF_FAST_FREE)
                        local_port_conf.txmode.offloads |=
                                RTE_ETH_TX_OFFLOAD_MBUF_FAST_FREE;

                local_port_conf.rx_adv_conf.rss_conf.rss_hf &=
                        dev_info.flow_type_rss_offloads;
                if (local_port_conf.rx_adv_conf.rss_conf.rss_hf !=
                                port_conf.rx_adv_conf.rss_conf.rss_hf) {
                        printf("Port %u modified RSS hash function based on hardware support,"
                                "requested:%#"PRIx64" configured:%#"PRIx64"\n",
                                portid,
                                port_conf.rx_adv_conf.rss_conf.rss_hf,
                                local_port_conf.rx_adv_conf.rss_conf.rss_hf);
                }

                if (local_port_conf.rx_adv_conf.rss_conf.rss_hf == 0)
                        local_port_conf.rxmode.mq_mode = RTE_ETH_MQ_RX_NONE;
                local_port_conf.rxmode.offloads &= dev_info.rx_offload_capa;
                port_conf.rxmode.offloads = local_port_conf.rxmode.offloads;

                ret = rte_eth_dev_configure(portid, nb_rx_queue,
                                        (uint16_t)n_tx_queue, &local_port_conf);
                if (ret < 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot configure device: "
                                        "err=%d, port=%d\n", ret, portid);

                ret = rte_eth_dev_adjust_nb_rx_tx_desc(portid, &nb_rxd,
                                                       &nb_txd);
                if (ret < 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                 "Cannot adjust number of descriptors: err=%d, port=%d\n",
                                 ret, portid);

                ret = rte_eth_macaddr_get(portid, &ports_eth_addr[portid]);
                if (ret < 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                 "Cannot get MAC address: err=%d, port=%d\n",
                                 ret, portid);

                print_ethaddr(" Address:", &ports_eth_addr[portid]);
                printf(", ");

                /* init memory */
                ret = init_mem(NB_MBUF);
                if (ret < 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "init_mem failed\n");

                for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id++) {
                        if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id) == 0)
                                continue;

                        /* Initialize TX buffers */
                        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];
                        qconf->tx_buffer[portid] = rte_zmalloc_socket("tx_buffer",
                                RTE_ETH_TX_BUFFER_SIZE(MAX_PKT_BURST), 0,
                                rte_eth_dev_socket_id(portid));
                        if (qconf->tx_buffer[portid] == NULL)
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Can't allocate tx buffer for port %u\n",
                                                 portid);

                        rte_eth_tx_buffer_init(qconf->tx_buffer[portid], MAX_PKT_BURST);
                }

                /* init one TX queue per couple (lcore,port) */
                queueid = 0;
                for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id++) {
                        if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id) == 0)
                                continue;

                        if (queueid >= dev_txq_num)
                                continue;

                        if (numa_on)
                                socketid = \
                                (uint8_t)rte_lcore_to_socket_id(lcore_id);
                        else
                                socketid = 0;

                        printf("txq=%u,%d,%d ", lcore_id, queueid, socketid);
                        fflush(stdout);

                        txconf = &dev_info.default_txconf;
                        txconf->offloads = local_port_conf.txmode.offloads;
                        ret = rte_eth_tx_queue_setup(portid, queueid, nb_txd,
                                                     socketid, txconf);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                        "rte_eth_tx_queue_setup: err=%d, "
                                                "port=%d\n", ret, portid);

                        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];
                        qconf->tx_queue_id[portid] = queueid;
                        queueid++;

                        qconf->tx_port_id[qconf->n_tx_port] = portid;
                        qconf->n_tx_port++;
                }
                printf("\n");
        }

        for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id++) {
                if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id) == 0)
                        continue;

                if (app_mode == APP_MODE_LEGACY) {
                        /* init timer structures for each enabled lcore */
                        rte_timer_init(&power_timers[lcore_id]);
                        hz = rte_get_timer_hz();
                        rte_timer_reset(&power_timers[lcore_id],
                                        hz/TIMER_NUMBER_PER_SECOND,
                                        SINGLE, lcore_id,
                                        power_timer_cb, NULL);
                }
                qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];
                printf("\nInitializing rx queues on lcore %u ... ", lcore_id );
                fflush(stdout);

                /* init RX queues */
                for(queue = 0; queue < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++queue) {
                        struct rte_eth_rxconf rxq_conf;

                        portid = qconf->rx_queue_list[queue].port_id;
                        queueid = qconf->rx_queue_list[queue].queue_id;

                        if (numa_on)
                                socketid = \
                                (uint8_t)rte_lcore_to_socket_id(lcore_id);
                        else
                                socketid = 0;

                        printf("rxq=%d,%d,%d ", portid, queueid, socketid);
                        fflush(stdout);

                        ret = rte_eth_dev_info_get(portid, &dev_info);
                        if (ret != 0)
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                        "Error during getting device (port %u) info: %s\n",
                                        portid, strerror(-ret));

                        rxq_conf = dev_info.default_rxconf;
                        rxq_conf.offloads = port_conf.rxmode.offloads;
                        ret = rte_eth_rx_queue_setup(portid, queueid, nb_rxd,
                                socketid, &rxq_conf,
                                pktmbuf_pool[socketid]);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                        "rte_eth_rx_queue_setup: err=%d, "
                                                "port=%d\n", ret, portid);

                        if (parse_ptype) {
                                if (add_cb_parse_ptype(portid, queueid) < 0)
                                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                                 "Fail to add ptype cb\n");
                        }

                        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_PMD_MGMT && !baseline_enabled) {
                                ret = rte_power_ethdev_pmgmt_queue_enable(
                                                lcore_id, portid, queueid,
                                                pmgmt_type);
                                if (ret < 0)
                                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                                "rte_power_ethdev_pmgmt_queue_enable: err=%d, port=%d\n",
                                                        ret, portid);
                        }
                }
        }
        /* >8 End of power library initialization. */

        printf("\n");

        /* start ports */
        RTE_ETH_FOREACH_DEV(portid) {
                if ((enabled_port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0) {
                        continue;
                }
                /* Start device */
                ret = rte_eth_dev_start(portid);
                if (ret < 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "rte_eth_dev_start: err=%d, "
                                                "port=%d\n", ret, portid);
                /*
                 * If enabled, put device in promiscuous mode.
                 * This allows IO forwarding mode to forward packets
                 * to itself through 2 cross-connected  ports of the
                 * target machine.
                 */
                if (promiscuous_on) {
                        ret = rte_eth_promiscuous_enable(portid);
                        if (ret != 0)
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                        "rte_eth_promiscuous_enable: err=%s, port=%u\n",
                                        rte_strerror(-ret), portid);
                }
                /* initialize spinlock for each port */
                rte_spinlock_init(&(locks[portid]));

                if (!parse_ptype)
                        if (!check_ptype(portid))
                                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                        "PMD can not provide needed ptypes\n");
        }

        check_all_ports_link_status(enabled_port_mask);

        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL) {

                if (empty_poll_train) {
                        policy.state = TRAINING;
                } else {
                        policy.state = MED_NORMAL;
                        policy.med_base_edpi = ep_med_edpi;
                        policy.hgh_base_edpi = ep_hgh_edpi;
                }

                ret = rte_power_empty_poll_stat_init(&ep_params,
                                freq_tlb,
                                &policy);
                if (ret < 0)
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "empty poll init failed");
        }


        /* launch per-lcore init on every lcore */
        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_LEGACY) {
                rte_eal_mp_remote_launch(main_legacy_loop, NULL, CALL_MAIN);
        } else if (app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL) {
                empty_poll_stop = false;
                rte_eal_mp_remote_launch(main_empty_poll_loop, NULL,
                                SKIP_MAIN);
        } else if (app_mode == APP_MODE_TELEMETRY) {
                unsigned int i;

                /* Init metrics library */
                rte_metrics_init(rte_socket_id());
                /** Register stats with metrics library */
                for (i = 0; i < NUM_TELSTATS; i++)
                        ptr_strings[i] = telstats_strings[i].name;

                ret = rte_metrics_reg_names(ptr_strings, NUM_TELSTATS);
                if (ret >= 0)
                        telstats_index = ret;
                else
                        rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "failed to register metrics names");

                RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_WORKER(lcore_id) {
                        rte_spinlock_init(&stats[lcore_id].telemetry_lock);
                }
                rte_timer_init(&telemetry_timer);
                rte_telemetry_register_cmd("/l3fwd-power/stats",
                                handle_app_stats,
                                "Returns global power stats. Parameters: None");
                rte_eal_mp_remote_launch(main_telemetry_loop, NULL,
                                                SKIP_MAIN);
        } else if (app_mode == APP_MODE_INTERRUPT) {
                rte_eal_mp_remote_launch(main_intr_loop, NULL, CALL_MAIN);
        } else if (app_mode == APP_MODE_PMD_MGMT) {
                /* reuse telemetry loop for PMD power management mode */
                rte_eal_mp_remote_launch(main_telemetry_loop, NULL, CALL_MAIN);
        }

        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL || app_mode == APP_MODE_TELEMETRY)
                launch_timer(rte_lcore_id());

        RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_WORKER(lcore_id) {
                if (rte_eal_wait_lcore(lcore_id) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }

        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_PMD_MGMT) {
                for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id++) {
                        if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id) == 0)
                                continue;
                        qconf = &lcore_conf[lcore_id];
                        for (queue = 0; queue < qconf->n_rx_queue; ++queue) {
                                portid = qconf->rx_queue_list[queue].port_id;
                                queueid = qconf->rx_queue_list[queue].queue_id;

                                rte_power_ethdev_pmgmt_queue_disable(lcore_id,
                                                portid, queueid);
                        }
                }
        }

        RTE_ETH_FOREACH_DEV(portid)
        {
                if ((enabled_port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0)
                        continue;

                ret = rte_eth_dev_stop(portid);
                if (ret != 0)
                        RTE_LOG(ERR, L3FWD_POWER, "rte_eth_dev_stop: err=%d, port=%u\n",
                                ret, portid);

                rte_eth_dev_close(portid);
        }

        if (app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL)
                rte_power_empty_poll_stat_free();

        if ((app_mode == APP_MODE_LEGACY || app_mode == APP_MODE_EMPTY_POLL) &&
                        deinit_power_library())
                rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "deinit_power_library failed\n");

        if (rte_eal_cleanup() < 0)
                RTE_LOG(ERR, L3FWD_POWER, "EAL cleanup failed\n");

        return 0;
}