/*
 * Virtual network driver for conversing with remote driver backends.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2005, K A Fraser
 * Copyright (c) 2005, XenSource Ltd
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; or, when distributed
 * separately from the Linux kernel or incorporated into other
 * software packages, subject to the following license:
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this source file (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
 * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,
 * merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
 * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
 * the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
 * IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>
#include <linux/udp.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <net/ip.h>

#include <asm/xen/page.h>
#include <xen/xen.h>
#include <xen/xenbus.h>
#include <xen/events.h>
#include <xen/page.h>
#include <xen/platform_pci.h>
#include <xen/grant_table.h>

#include <xen/interface/io/netif.h>
#include <xen/interface/memory.h>
#include <xen/interface/grant_table.h>

/* Module parameters */
#define MAX_QUEUES_DEFAULT 8
static unsigned int xennet_max_queues;
module_param_named(max_queues, xennet_max_queues, uint, 0644);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(max_queues,
                 "Maximum number of queues per virtual interface");

static const struct ethtool_ops xennet_ethtool_ops;

struct netfront_cb {
        int pull_to;
};

#define NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)    ((struct netfront_cb *)((skb)->cb))

#define RX_COPY_THRESHOLD 256

#define GRANT_INVALID_REF       0

#define NET_TX_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xen_netif_tx, PAGE_SIZE)
#define NET_RX_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xen_netif_rx, PAGE_SIZE)

/* Minimum number of Rx slots (includes slot for GSO metadata). */
#define NET_RX_SLOTS_MIN (XEN_NETIF_NR_SLOTS_MIN + 1)

/* Queue name is interface name with "-qNNN" appended */
#define QUEUE_NAME_SIZE (IFNAMSIZ + 6)

/* IRQ name is queue name with "-tx" or "-rx" appended */
#define IRQ_NAME_SIZE (QUEUE_NAME_SIZE + 3)

struct netfront_stats {
        u64                     packets;
        u64                     bytes;
        struct u64_stats_sync   syncp;
};

struct netfront_info;

struct netfront_queue {
        unsigned int id; /* Queue ID, 0-based */
        char name[QUEUE_NAME_SIZE]; /* DEVNAME-qN */
        struct netfront_info *info;

        struct napi_struct napi;

        /* Split event channels support, tx_* == rx_* when using
         * single event channel.
         */
        unsigned int tx_evtchn, rx_evtchn;
        unsigned int tx_irq, rx_irq;
        /* Only used when split event channels support is enabled */
        char tx_irq_name[IRQ_NAME_SIZE]; /* DEVNAME-qN-tx */
        char rx_irq_name[IRQ_NAME_SIZE]; /* DEVNAME-qN-rx */

        spinlock_t   tx_lock;
        struct xen_netif_tx_front_ring tx;
        int tx_ring_ref;

        /*
         * {tx,rx}_skbs store outstanding skbuffs. Free tx_skb entries
         * are linked from tx_skb_freelist through skb_entry.link.
         *
         *  NB. Freelist index entries are always going to be less than
         *  PAGE_OFFSET, whereas pointers to skbs will always be equal or
         *  greater than PAGE_OFFSET: we use this property to distinguish
         *  them.
         */
        union skb_entry {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                unsigned long link;
        } tx_skbs[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
        grant_ref_t gref_tx_head;
        grant_ref_t grant_tx_ref[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
        struct page *grant_tx_page[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
        unsigned tx_skb_freelist;

        spinlock_t   rx_lock ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
        struct xen_netif_rx_front_ring rx;
        int rx_ring_ref;

        struct timer_list rx_refill_timer;

        struct sk_buff *rx_skbs[NET_RX_RING_SIZE];
        grant_ref_t gref_rx_head;
        grant_ref_t grant_rx_ref[NET_RX_RING_SIZE];
};

struct netfront_info {
        struct list_head list;
        struct net_device *netdev;

        struct xenbus_device *xbdev;

        /* Multi-queue support */
        struct netfront_queue *queues;

        /* Statistics */
        struct netfront_stats __percpu *rx_stats;
        struct netfront_stats __percpu *tx_stats;

        atomic_t rx_gso_checksum_fixup;
};

struct netfront_rx_info {
        struct xen_netif_rx_response rx;
        struct xen_netif_extra_info extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_MAX - 1];
};

static void skb_entry_set_link(union skb_entry *list, unsigned short id)
{
        list->link = id;
}

static int skb_entry_is_link(const union skb_entry *list)
{
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(list->skb) != sizeof(list->link));
        return (unsigned long)list->skb < PAGE_OFFSET;
}

/*
 * Access macros for acquiring freeing slots in tx_skbs[].
 */

static void add_id_to_freelist(unsigned *head, union skb_entry *list,
                               unsigned short id)
{
        skb_entry_set_link(&list[id], *head);
        *head = id;
}

static unsigned short get_id_from_freelist(unsigned *head,
                                           union skb_entry *list)
{
        unsigned int id = *head;
        *head = list[id].link;
        return id;
}

static int xennet_rxidx(RING_IDX idx)
{
        return idx & (NET_RX_RING_SIZE - 1);
}

static struct sk_buff *xennet_get_rx_skb(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                         RING_IDX ri)
{
        int i = xennet_rxidx(ri);
        struct sk_buff *skb = queue->rx_skbs[i];
        queue->rx_skbs[i] = NULL;
        return skb;
}

static grant_ref_t xennet_get_rx_ref(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                            RING_IDX ri)
{
        int i = xennet_rxidx(ri);
        grant_ref_t ref = queue->grant_rx_ref[i];
        queue->grant_rx_ref[i] = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
        return ref;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static int xennet_sysfs_addif(struct net_device *netdev);
static void xennet_sysfs_delif(struct net_device *netdev);
#else /* !CONFIG_SYSFS */
#define xennet_sysfs_addif(dev) (0)
#define xennet_sysfs_delif(dev) do { } while (0)
#endif

static bool xennet_can_sg(struct net_device *dev)
{
        return dev->features & NETIF_F_SG;
}


static void rx_refill_timeout(unsigned long data)
{
        struct netfront_queue *queue = (struct netfront_queue *)data;
        napi_schedule(&queue->napi);
}

static int netfront_tx_slot_available(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        return (queue->tx.req_prod_pvt - queue->tx.rsp_cons) <
                (NET_TX_RING_SIZE - MAX_SKB_FRAGS - 2);
}

static void xennet_maybe_wake_tx(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        struct net_device *dev = queue->info->netdev;
        struct netdev_queue *dev_queue = netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id);

        if (unlikely(netif_tx_queue_stopped(dev_queue)) &&
            netfront_tx_slot_available(queue) &&
            likely(netif_running(dev)))
                netif_tx_wake_queue(netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id));
}


static struct sk_buff *xennet_alloc_one_rx_buffer(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct page *page;

        skb = __netdev_alloc_skb(queue->info->netdev,
                                 RX_COPY_THRESHOLD + NET_IP_ALIGN,
                                 GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        page = alloc_page(GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
        if (!page) {
                kfree_skb(skb);
                return NULL;
        }
        skb_add_rx_frag(skb, 0, page, 0, 0, PAGE_SIZE);

        /* Align ip header to a 16 bytes boundary */
        skb_reserve(skb, NET_IP_ALIGN);
        skb->dev = queue->info->netdev;

        return skb;
}


static void xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        RING_IDX req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
        int notify;
        int err = 0;

        if (unlikely(!netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev)))
                return;

        for (req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
             req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons < NET_RX_RING_SIZE;
             req_prod++) {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                unsigned short id;
                grant_ref_t ref;
                unsigned long pfn;
                struct xen_netif_rx_request *req;

                skb = xennet_alloc_one_rx_buffer(queue);
                if (!skb) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        break;
                }

                id = xennet_rxidx(req_prod);

                BUG_ON(queue->rx_skbs[id]);
                queue->rx_skbs[id] = skb;

                ref = gnttab_claim_grant_reference(&queue->gref_rx_head);
                WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ERR_VALUE((unsigned long)(int)ref));
                queue->grant_rx_ref[id] = ref;

                pfn = page_to_pfn(skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]));

                req = RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, req_prod);
                gnttab_grant_foreign_access_ref(ref,
                                                queue->info->xbdev->otherend_id,
                                                pfn_to_mfn(pfn),
                                                0);

                req->id = id;
                req->gref = ref;
        }

        queue->rx.req_prod_pvt = req_prod;

        /* Try again later if there are not enough requests or skb allocation
         * failed.
         * Enough requests is quantified as the sum of newly created slots and
         * the unconsumed slots at the backend.
         */
        if (req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons < NET_RX_SLOTS_MIN ||
            unlikely(err)) {
                mod_timer(&queue->rx_refill_timer, jiffies + (HZ/10));
                return;
        }

        wmb();          /* barrier so backend seens requests */

        RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&queue->rx, notify);
        if (notify)
                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->rx_irq);
}

static int xennet_open(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        unsigned int i = 0;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;

        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                queue = &np->queues[i];
                napi_enable(&queue->napi);

                spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
                if (netif_carrier_ok(dev)) {
                        xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);
                        queue->rx.sring->rsp_event = queue->rx.rsp_cons + 1;
                        if (RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(&queue->rx))
                                napi_schedule(&queue->napi);
                }
                spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
        }

        netif_tx_start_all_queues(dev);

        return 0;
}

static void xennet_tx_buf_gc(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        RING_IDX cons, prod;
        unsigned short id;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        bool more_to_do;

        BUG_ON(!netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev));

        do {
                prod = queue->tx.sring->rsp_prod;
                rmb(); /* Ensure we see responses up to 'rp'. */

                for (cons = queue->tx.rsp_cons; cons != prod; cons++) {
                        struct xen_netif_tx_response *txrsp;

                        txrsp = RING_GET_RESPONSE(&queue->tx, cons);
                        if (txrsp->status == XEN_NETIF_RSP_NULL)
                                continue;

                        id  = txrsp->id;
                        skb = queue->tx_skbs[id].skb;
                        if (unlikely(gnttab_query_foreign_access(
                                queue->grant_tx_ref[id]) != 0)) {
                                pr_alert("%s: warning -- grant still in use by backend domain\n",
                                         __func__);
                                BUG();
                        }
                        gnttab_end_foreign_access_ref(
                                queue->grant_tx_ref[id], GNTMAP_readonly);
                        gnttab_release_grant_reference(
                                &queue->gref_tx_head, queue->grant_tx_ref[id]);
                        queue->grant_tx_ref[id] = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
                        queue->grant_tx_page[id] = NULL;
                        add_id_to_freelist(&queue->tx_skb_freelist, queue->tx_skbs, id);
                        dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);
                }

                queue->tx.rsp_cons = prod;

                RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_RESPONSES(&queue->tx, more_to_do);
        } while (more_to_do);

        xennet_maybe_wake_tx(queue);
}

static struct xen_netif_tx_request *xennet_make_one_txreq(
        struct netfront_queue *queue, struct sk_buff *skb,
        struct page *page, unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
{
        unsigned int id;
        struct xen_netif_tx_request *tx;
        grant_ref_t ref;

        len = min_t(unsigned int, PAGE_SIZE - offset, len);

        id = get_id_from_freelist(&queue->tx_skb_freelist, queue->tx_skbs);
        tx = RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->tx, queue->tx.req_prod_pvt++);
        ref = gnttab_claim_grant_reference(&queue->gref_tx_head);
        WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ERR_VALUE((unsigned long)(int)ref));

        gnttab_grant_foreign_access_ref(ref, queue->info->xbdev->otherend_id,
                                        page_to_mfn(page), GNTMAP_readonly);

        queue->tx_skbs[id].skb = skb;
        queue->grant_tx_page[id] = page;
        queue->grant_tx_ref[id] = ref;

        tx->id = id;
        tx->gref = ref;
        tx->offset = offset;
        tx->size = len;
        tx->flags = 0;

        return tx;
}

static struct xen_netif_tx_request *xennet_make_txreqs(
        struct netfront_queue *queue, struct xen_netif_tx_request *tx,
        struct sk_buff *skb, struct page *page,
        unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
{
        /* Skip unused frames from start of page */
        page += offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        offset &= ~PAGE_MASK;

        while (len) {
                tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_more_data;
                tx = xennet_make_one_txreq(queue, skb_get(skb),
                                           page, offset, len);
                page++;
                offset = 0;
                len -= tx->size;
        }

        return tx;
}

/*
 * Count how many ring slots are required to send this skb. Each frag
 * might be a compound page.
 */
static int xennet_count_skb_slots(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        int i, frags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
        int pages;

        pages = PFN_UP(offset_in_page(skb->data) + skb_headlen(skb));

        for (i = 0; i < frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags + i;
                unsigned long size = skb_frag_size(frag);
                unsigned long offset = frag->page_offset;

                /* Skip unused frames from start of page */
                offset &= ~PAGE_MASK;

                pages += PFN_UP(offset + size);
        }

        return pages;
}

static u16 xennet_select_queue(struct net_device *dev, struct sk_buff *skb,
                               void *accel_priv, select_queue_fallback_t fallback)
{
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        u32 hash;
        u16 queue_idx;

        /* First, check if there is only one queue */
        if (num_queues == 1) {
                queue_idx = 0;
        } else {
                hash = skb_get_hash(skb);
                queue_idx = hash % num_queues;
        }

        return queue_idx;
}

static int xennet_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct netfront_stats *tx_stats = this_cpu_ptr(np->tx_stats);
        struct xen_netif_tx_request *tx, *first_tx;
        unsigned int i;
        int notify;
        int slots;
        struct page *page;
        unsigned int offset;
        unsigned int len;
        unsigned long flags;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        u16 queue_index;
        struct sk_buff *nskb;

        /* Drop the packet if no queues are set up */
        if (num_queues < 1)
                goto drop;
        /* Determine which queue to transmit this SKB on */
        queue_index = skb_get_queue_mapping(skb);
        queue = &np->queues[queue_index];

        /* If skb->len is too big for wire format, drop skb and alert
         * user about misconfiguration.
         */
        if (unlikely(skb->len > XEN_NETIF_MAX_TX_SIZE)) {
                net_alert_ratelimited(
                        "xennet: skb->len = %u, too big for wire format\n",
                        skb->len);
                goto drop;
        }

        slots = xennet_count_skb_slots(skb);
        if (unlikely(slots > MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1)) {
                net_dbg_ratelimited("xennet: skb rides the rocket: %d slots, %d bytes\n",
                                    slots, skb->len);
                if (skb_linearize(skb))
                        goto drop;
        }

        page = virt_to_page(skb->data);
        offset = offset_in_page(skb->data);

        /* The first req should be at least ETH_HLEN size or the packet will be
         * dropped by netback.
         */
        if (unlikely(PAGE_SIZE - offset < ETH_HLEN)) {
                nskb = skb_copy(skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (!nskb)
                        goto drop;
                dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
                skb = nskb;
                page = virt_to_page(skb->data);
                offset = offset_in_page(skb->data);
        }

        len = skb_headlen(skb);

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->tx_lock, flags);

        if (unlikely(!netif_carrier_ok(dev) ||
                     (slots > 1 && !xennet_can_sg(dev)) ||
                     netif_needs_gso(skb, netif_skb_features(skb)))) {
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, flags);
                goto drop;
        }

        /* First request for the linear area. */
        first_tx = tx = xennet_make_one_txreq(queue, skb,
                                              page, offset, len);
        page++;
        offset = 0;
        len -= tx->size;

        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
                /* local packet? */
                tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_csum_blank | XEN_NETTXF_data_validated;
        else if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY)
                /* remote but checksummed. */
                tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_data_validated;

        /* Optional extra info after the first request. */
        if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size) {
                struct xen_netif_extra_info *gso;

                gso = (struct xen_netif_extra_info *)
                        RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->tx, queue->tx.req_prod_pvt++);

                tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_extra_info;

                gso->u.gso.size = skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
                gso->u.gso.type = XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV4;
                gso->u.gso.pad = 0;
                gso->u.gso.features = 0;

                gso->type = XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_GSO;
                gso->flags = 0;
        }

        /* Requests for the rest of the linear area. */
        tx = xennet_make_txreqs(queue, tx, skb, page, offset, len);

        /* Requests for all the frags. */
        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                tx = xennet_make_txreqs(queue, tx, skb,
                                        skb_frag_page(frag), frag->page_offset,
                                        skb_frag_size(frag));
        }

        /* First request has the packet length. */
        first_tx->size = skb->len;

        RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&queue->tx, notify);
        if (notify)
                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->tx_irq);

        u64_stats_update_begin(&tx_stats->syncp);
        tx_stats->bytes += skb->len;
        tx_stats->packets++;
        u64_stats_update_end(&tx_stats->syncp);

        /* Note: It is not safe to access skb after xennet_tx_buf_gc()! */
        xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue);

        if (!netfront_tx_slot_available(queue))
                netif_tx_stop_queue(netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id));

        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, flags);

        return NETDEV_TX_OK;

 drop:
        dev->stats.tx_dropped++;
        dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
        return NETDEV_TX_OK;
}

static int xennet_close(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        unsigned int i;
        struct netfront_queue *queue;
        netif_tx_stop_all_queues(np->netdev);
        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                queue = &np->queues[i];
                napi_disable(&queue->napi);
        }
        return 0;
}

static void xennet_move_rx_slot(struct netfront_queue *queue, struct sk_buff *skb,
                                grant_ref_t ref)
{
        int new = xennet_rxidx(queue->rx.req_prod_pvt);

        BUG_ON(queue->rx_skbs[new]);
        queue->rx_skbs[new] = skb;
        queue->grant_rx_ref[new] = ref;
        RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, queue->rx.req_prod_pvt)->id = new;
        RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, queue->rx.req_prod_pvt)->gref = ref;
        queue->rx.req_prod_pvt++;
}

static int xennet_get_extras(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                             struct xen_netif_extra_info *extras,
                             RING_IDX rp)

{
        struct xen_netif_extra_info *extra;
        struct device *dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev;
        RING_IDX cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        int err = 0;

        do {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                grant_ref_t ref;

                if (unlikely(cons + 1 == rp)) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Missing extra info\n");
                        err = -EBADR;
                        break;
                }

                extra = (struct xen_netif_extra_info *)
                        RING_GET_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, ++cons);

                if (unlikely(!extra->type ||
                             extra->type >= XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_MAX)) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Invalid extra type: %d\n",
                                        extra->type);
                        err = -EINVAL;
                } else {
                        memcpy(&extras[extra->type - 1], extra,
                               sizeof(*extra));
                }

                skb = xennet_get_rx_skb(queue, cons);
                ref = xennet_get_rx_ref(queue, cons);
                xennet_move_rx_slot(queue, skb, ref);
        } while (extra->flags & XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_FLAG_MORE);

        queue->rx.rsp_cons = cons;
        return err;
}

static int xennet_get_responses(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                struct netfront_rx_info *rinfo, RING_IDX rp,
                                struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        struct xen_netif_rx_response *rx = &rinfo->rx;
        struct xen_netif_extra_info *extras = rinfo->extras;
        struct device *dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev;
        RING_IDX cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        struct sk_buff *skb = xennet_get_rx_skb(queue, cons);
        grant_ref_t ref = xennet_get_rx_ref(queue, cons);
        int max = MAX_SKB_FRAGS + (rx->status <= RX_COPY_THRESHOLD);
        int slots = 1;
        int err = 0;
        unsigned long ret;

        if (rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_extra_info) {
                err = xennet_get_extras(queue, extras, rp);
                cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        }

        for (;;) {
                if (unlikely(rx->status < 0 ||
                             rx->offset + rx->status > PAGE_SIZE)) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "rx->offset: %x, size: %u\n",
                                         rx->offset, rx->status);
                        xennet_move_rx_slot(queue, skb, ref);
                        err = -EINVAL;
                        goto next;
                }

                /*
                 * This definitely indicates a bug, either in this driver or in
                 * the backend driver. In future this should flag the bad
                 * situation to the system controller to reboot the backend.
                 */
                if (ref == GRANT_INVALID_REF) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Bad rx response id %d.\n",
                                         rx->id);
                        err = -EINVAL;
                        goto next;
                }

                ret = gnttab_end_foreign_access_ref(ref, 0);
                BUG_ON(!ret);

                gnttab_release_grant_reference(&queue->gref_rx_head, ref);

                __skb_queue_tail(list, skb);

next:
                if (!(rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_more_data))
                        break;

                if (cons + slots == rp) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Need more slots\n");
                        err = -ENOENT;
                        break;
                }

                rx = RING_GET_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, cons + slots);
                skb = xennet_get_rx_skb(queue, cons + slots);
                ref = xennet_get_rx_ref(queue, cons + slots);
                slots++;
        }

        if (unlikely(slots > max)) {
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        dev_warn(dev, "Too many slots\n");
                err = -E2BIG;
        }

        if (unlikely(err))
                queue->rx.rsp_cons = cons + slots;

        return err;
}

static int xennet_set_skb_gso(struct sk_buff *skb,
                              struct xen_netif_extra_info *gso)
{
        if (!gso->u.gso.size) {
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        pr_warn("GSO size must not be zero\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /* Currently only TCPv4 S.O. is supported. */
        if (gso->u.gso.type != XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV4) {
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        pr_warn("Bad GSO type %d\n", gso->u.gso.type);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size = gso->u.gso.size;
        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type = SKB_GSO_TCPV4;

        /* Header must be checked, and gso_segs computed. */
        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_DODGY;
        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs = 0;

        return 0;
}

static RING_IDX xennet_fill_frags(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                  struct sk_buff *skb,
                                  struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        struct skb_shared_info *shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);
        RING_IDX cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        struct sk_buff *nskb;

        while ((nskb = __skb_dequeue(list))) {
                struct xen_netif_rx_response *rx =
                        RING_GET_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, ++cons);
                skb_frag_t *nfrag = &skb_shinfo(nskb)->frags[0];

                if (shinfo->nr_frags == MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                        unsigned int pull_to = NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to;

                        BUG_ON(pull_to <= skb_headlen(skb));
                        __pskb_pull_tail(skb, pull_to - skb_headlen(skb));
                }
                BUG_ON(shinfo->nr_frags >= MAX_SKB_FRAGS);

                skb_add_rx_frag(skb, shinfo->nr_frags, skb_frag_page(nfrag),
                                rx->offset, rx->status, PAGE_SIZE);

                skb_shinfo(nskb)->nr_frags = 0;
                kfree_skb(nskb);
        }

        return cons;
}

static int checksum_setup(struct net_device *dev, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct iphdr *iph;
        int err = -EPROTO;
        int recalculate_partial_csum = 0;

        /*
         * A GSO SKB must be CHECKSUM_PARTIAL. However some buggy
         * peers can fail to set NETRXF_csum_blank when sending a GSO
         * frame. In this case force the SKB to CHECKSUM_PARTIAL and
         * recalculate the partial checksum.
         */
        if (skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL && skb_is_gso(skb)) {
                struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
                atomic_inc(&np->rx_gso_checksum_fixup);
                skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
                recalculate_partial_csum = 1;
        }

        /* A non-CHECKSUM_PARTIAL SKB does not require setup. */
        if (skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
                return 0;

        if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP))
                goto out;

        iph = (void *)skb->data;

        switch (iph->protocol) {
        case IPPROTO_TCP:
                if (!skb_partial_csum_set(skb, 4 * iph->ihl,
                                          offsetof(struct tcphdr, check)))
                        goto out;

                if (recalculate_partial_csum) {
                        struct tcphdr *tcph = tcp_hdr(skb);
                        tcph->check = ~csum_tcpudp_magic(iph->saddr, iph->daddr,
                                                         skb->len - iph->ihl*4,
                                                         IPPROTO_TCP, 0);
                }
                break;
        case IPPROTO_UDP:
                if (!skb_partial_csum_set(skb, 4 * iph->ihl,
                                          offsetof(struct udphdr, check)))
                        goto out;

                if (recalculate_partial_csum) {
                        struct udphdr *udph = udp_hdr(skb);
                        udph->check = ~csum_tcpudp_magic(iph->saddr, iph->daddr,
                                                         skb->len - iph->ihl*4,
                                                         IPPROTO_UDP, 0);
                }
                break;
        default:
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        pr_err("Attempting to checksum a non-TCP/UDP packet, dropping a protocol %d packet\n",
                               iph->protocol);
                goto out;
        }

        err = 0;

out:
        return err;
}

static int handle_incoming_queue(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                 struct sk_buff_head *rxq)
{
        struct netfront_stats *rx_stats = this_cpu_ptr(queue->info->rx_stats);
        int packets_dropped = 0;
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(rxq)) != NULL) {
                int pull_to = NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to;

                if (pull_to > skb_headlen(skb))
                        __pskb_pull_tail(skb, pull_to - skb_headlen(skb));

                /* Ethernet work: Delayed to here as it peeks the header. */
                skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, queue->info->netdev);

                if (checksum_setup(queue->info->netdev, skb)) {
                        kfree_skb(skb);
                        packets_dropped++;
                        queue->info->netdev->stats.rx_errors++;
                        continue;
                }

                u64_stats_update_begin(&rx_stats->syncp);
                rx_stats->packets++;
                rx_stats->bytes += skb->len;
                u64_stats_update_end(&rx_stats->syncp);

                /* Pass it up. */
                napi_gro_receive(&queue->napi, skb);
        }

        return packets_dropped;
}

static int xennet_poll(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)
{
        struct netfront_queue *queue = container_of(napi, struct netfront_queue, napi);
        struct net_device *dev = queue->info->netdev;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct netfront_rx_info rinfo;
        struct xen_netif_rx_response *rx = &rinfo.rx;
        struct xen_netif_extra_info *extras = rinfo.extras;
        RING_IDX i, rp;
        int work_done;
        struct sk_buff_head rxq;
        struct sk_buff_head errq;
        struct sk_buff_head tmpq;
        int err;

        spin_lock(&queue->rx_lock);

        skb_queue_head_init(&rxq);
        skb_queue_head_init(&errq);
        skb_queue_head_init(&tmpq);

        rp = queue->rx.sring->rsp_prod;
        rmb(); /* Ensure we see queued responses up to 'rp'. */

        i = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        work_done = 0;
        while ((i != rp) && (work_done < budget)) {
                memcpy(rx, RING_GET_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, i), sizeof(*rx));
                memset(extras, 0, sizeof(rinfo.extras));

                err = xennet_get_responses(queue, &rinfo, rp, &tmpq);

                if (unlikely(err)) {
err:

                        while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(&tmpq)))
                                __skb_queue_tail(&errq, skb);
                        dev->stats.rx_errors++;
                        i = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
                        continue;
                }

                skb = __skb_dequeue(&tmpq);

                if (extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_GSO - 1].type) {
                        struct xen_netif_extra_info *gso;
                        gso = &extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_GSO - 1];

                        if (unlikely(xennet_set_skb_gso(skb, gso))) {
                                __skb_queue_head(&tmpq, skb);
                                queue->rx.rsp_cons += skb_queue_len(&tmpq);
                                goto err;
                        }
                }

                NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to = rx->status;
                if (NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to > RX_COPY_THRESHOLD)
                        NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to = RX_COPY_THRESHOLD;

                skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0].page_offset = rx->offset;
                skb_frag_size_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0], rx->status);
                skb->data_len = rx->status;
                skb->len += rx->status;

                i = xennet_fill_frags(queue, skb, &tmpq);

                if (rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_csum_blank)
                        skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
                else if (rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_data_validated)
                        skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY;

                __skb_queue_tail(&rxq, skb);

                queue->rx.rsp_cons = ++i;
                work_done++;
        }

        __skb_queue_purge(&errq);

        work_done -= handle_incoming_queue(queue, &rxq);

        xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);

        if (work_done < budget) {
                int more_to_do = 0;

                napi_complete(napi);

                RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_RESPONSES(&queue->rx, more_to_do);
                if (more_to_do)
                        napi_schedule(napi);
        }

        spin_unlock(&queue->rx_lock);

        return work_done;
}

static int xennet_change_mtu(struct net_device *dev, int mtu)
{
        int max = xennet_can_sg(dev) ?
                XEN_NETIF_MAX_TX_SIZE - MAX_TCP_HEADER : ETH_DATA_LEN;

        if (mtu > max)
                return -EINVAL;
        dev->mtu = mtu;
        return 0;
}

static struct rtnl_link_stats64 *xennet_get_stats64(struct net_device *dev,
                                                    struct rtnl_link_stats64 *tot)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        int cpu;

        for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
                struct netfront_stats *rx_stats = per_cpu_ptr(np->rx_stats, cpu);
                struct netfront_stats *tx_stats = per_cpu_ptr(np->tx_stats, cpu);
                u64 rx_packets, rx_bytes, tx_packets, tx_bytes;
                unsigned int start;

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&tx_stats->syncp);
                        tx_packets = tx_stats->packets;
                        tx_bytes = tx_stats->bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&tx_stats->syncp, start));

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&rx_stats->syncp);
                        rx_packets = rx_stats->packets;
                        rx_bytes = rx_stats->bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&rx_stats->syncp, start));

                tot->rx_packets += rx_packets;
                tot->tx_packets += tx_packets;
                tot->rx_bytes   += rx_bytes;
                tot->tx_bytes   += tx_bytes;
        }

        tot->rx_errors  = dev->stats.rx_errors;
        tot->tx_dropped = dev->stats.tx_dropped;

        return tot;
}

static void xennet_release_tx_bufs(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < NET_TX_RING_SIZE; i++) {
                /* Skip over entries which are actually freelist references */
                if (skb_entry_is_link(&queue->tx_skbs[i]))
                        continue;

                skb = queue->tx_skbs[i].skb;
                get_page(queue->grant_tx_page[i]);
                gnttab_end_foreign_access(queue->grant_tx_ref[i],
                                          GNTMAP_readonly,
                                          (unsigned long)page_address(queue->grant_tx_page[i]));
                queue->grant_tx_page[i] = NULL;
                queue->grant_tx_ref[i] = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
                add_id_to_freelist(&queue->tx_skb_freelist, queue->tx_skbs, i);
                dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);
        }
}

static void xennet_release_rx_bufs(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int id, ref;

        spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);

        for (id = 0; id < NET_RX_RING_SIZE; id++) {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                struct page *page;

                skb = queue->rx_skbs[id];
                if (!skb)
                        continue;

                ref = queue->grant_rx_ref[id];
                if (ref == GRANT_INVALID_REF)
                        continue;

                page = skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]);

                /* gnttab_end_foreign_access() needs a page ref until
                 * foreign access is ended (which may be deferred).
                 */
                get_page(page);
                gnttab_end_foreign_access(ref, 0,
                                          (unsigned long)page_address(page));
                queue->grant_rx_ref[id] = GRANT_INVALID_REF;

                kfree_skb(skb);
        }

        spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
}

static netdev_features_t xennet_fix_features(struct net_device *dev,
        netdev_features_t features)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        int val;

        if (features & NETIF_F_SG) {
                if (xenbus_scanf(XBT_NIL, np->xbdev->otherend, "feature-sg",
                                 "%d", &val) < 0)
                        val = 0;

                if (!val)
                        features &= ~NETIF_F_SG;
        }

        if (features & NETIF_F_TSO) {
                if (xenbus_scanf(XBT_NIL, np->xbdev->otherend,
                                 "feature-gso-tcpv4", "%d", &val) < 0)
                        val = 0;

                if (!val)
                        features &= ~NETIF_F_TSO;
        }

        return features;
}

static int xennet_set_features(struct net_device *dev,
        netdev_features_t features)
{
        if (!(features & NETIF_F_SG) && dev->mtu > ETH_DATA_LEN) {
                netdev_info(dev, "Reducing MTU because no SG offload");
                dev->mtu = ETH_DATA_LEN;
        }

        return 0;
}

static irqreturn_t xennet_tx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
        struct netfront_queue *queue = dev_id;
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->tx_lock, flags);
        xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, flags);

        return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

static irqreturn_t xennet_rx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
        struct netfront_queue *queue = dev_id;
        struct net_device *dev = queue->info->netdev;

        if (likely(netif_carrier_ok(dev) &&
                   RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(&queue->rx)))
                napi_schedule(&queue->napi);

        return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

static irqreturn_t xennet_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
        xennet_tx_interrupt(irq, dev_id);
        xennet_rx_interrupt(irq, dev_id);
        return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
static void xennet_poll_controller(struct net_device *dev)
{
        /* Poll each queue */
        struct netfront_info *info = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        unsigned int i;
        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i)
                xennet_interrupt(0, &info->queues[i]);
}
#endif

static const struct net_device_ops xennet_netdev_ops = {
        .ndo_open            = xennet_open,
        .ndo_stop            = xennet_close,
        .ndo_start_xmit      = xennet_start_xmit,
        .ndo_change_mtu      = xennet_change_mtu,
        .ndo_get_stats64     = xennet_get_stats64,
        .ndo_set_mac_address = eth_mac_addr,
        .ndo_validate_addr   = eth_validate_addr,
        .ndo_fix_features    = xennet_fix_features,
        .ndo_set_features    = xennet_set_features,
        .ndo_select_queue    = xennet_select_queue,
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
        .ndo_poll_controller = xennet_poll_controller,
#endif
};

static void xennet_free_netdev(struct net_device *netdev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(netdev);

        free_percpu(np->rx_stats);
        free_percpu(np->tx_stats);
        free_netdev(netdev);
}

static struct net_device *xennet_create_dev(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        int err;
        struct net_device *netdev;
        struct netfront_info *np;

        netdev = alloc_etherdev_mq(sizeof(struct netfront_info), xennet_max_queues);
        if (!netdev)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        np                   = netdev_priv(netdev);
        np->xbdev            = dev;

        np->queues = NULL;

        err = -ENOMEM;
        np->rx_stats = netdev_alloc_pcpu_stats(struct netfront_stats);
        if (np->rx_stats == NULL)
                goto exit;
        np->tx_stats = netdev_alloc_pcpu_stats(struct netfront_stats);
        if (np->tx_stats == NULL)
                goto exit;

        netdev->netdev_ops      = &xennet_netdev_ops;

        netdev->features        = NETIF_F_IP_CSUM | NETIF_F_RXCSUM |
                                  NETIF_F_GSO_ROBUST;
        netdev->hw_features     = NETIF_F_IP_CSUM | NETIF_F_SG | NETIF_F_TSO;

        /*
         * Assume that all hw features are available for now. This set
         * will be adjusted by the call to netdev_update_features() in
         * xennet_connect() which is the earliest point where we can
         * negotiate with the backend regarding supported features.
         */
        netdev->features |= netdev->hw_features;

        SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(netdev, &xennet_ethtool_ops);
        SET_NETDEV_DEV(netdev, &dev->dev);

        netif_set_gso_max_size(netdev, XEN_NETIF_MAX_TX_SIZE - MAX_TCP_HEADER);

        np->netdev = netdev;

        netif_carrier_off(netdev);

        return netdev;

 exit:
        xennet_free_netdev(netdev);
        return ERR_PTR(err);
}

/**
 * Entry point to this code when a new device is created.  Allocate the basic
 * structures and the ring buffers for communication with the backend, and
 * inform the backend of the appropriate details for those.
 */
static int netfront_probe(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                          const struct xenbus_device_id *id)
{
        int err;
        struct net_device *netdev;
        struct netfront_info *info;

        netdev = xennet_create_dev(dev);
        if (IS_ERR(netdev)) {
                err = PTR_ERR(netdev);
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating netdev");
                return err;
        }

        info = netdev_priv(netdev);
        dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, info);

        err = register_netdev(info->netdev);
        if (err) {
                pr_warn("%s: register_netdev err=%d\n", __func__, err);
                goto fail;
        }

        err = xennet_sysfs_addif(info->netdev);
        if (err) {
                unregister_netdev(info->netdev);
                pr_warn("%s: add sysfs failed err=%d\n", __func__, err);
                goto fail;
        }

        return 0;

 fail:
        xennet_free_netdev(netdev);
        dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, NULL);
        return err;
}

static void xennet_end_access(int ref, void *page)
{
        /* This frees the page as a side-effect */
        if (ref != GRANT_INVALID_REF)
                gnttab_end_foreign_access(ref, 0, (unsigned long)page);
}

static void xennet_disconnect_backend(struct netfront_info *info)
{
        unsigned int i = 0;
        unsigned int num_queues = info->netdev->real_num_tx_queues;

        netif_carrier_off(info->netdev);

        for (i = 0; i < num_queues && info->queues; ++i) {
                struct netfront_queue *queue = &info->queues[i];

                del_timer_sync(&queue->rx_refill_timer);

                if (queue->tx_irq && (queue->tx_irq == queue->rx_irq))
                        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->tx_irq, queue);
                if (queue->tx_irq && (queue->tx_irq != queue->rx_irq)) {
                        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->tx_irq, queue);
                        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->rx_irq, queue);
                }
                queue->tx_evtchn = queue->rx_evtchn = 0;
                queue->tx_irq = queue->rx_irq = 0;

                if (netif_running(info->netdev))
                        napi_synchronize(&queue->napi);

                xennet_release_tx_bufs(queue);
                xennet_release_rx_bufs(queue);
                gnttab_free_grant_references(queue->gref_tx_head);
                gnttab_free_grant_references(queue->gref_rx_head);

                /* End access and free the pages */
                xennet_end_access(queue->tx_ring_ref, queue->tx.sring);
                xennet_end_access(queue->rx_ring_ref, queue->rx.sring);

                queue->tx_ring_ref = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
                queue->rx_ring_ref = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
                queue->tx.sring = NULL;
                queue->rx.sring = NULL;
        }
}

/**
 * We are reconnecting to the backend, due to a suspend/resume, or a backend
 * driver restart.  We tear down our netif structure and recreate it, but
 * leave the device-layer structures intact so that this is transparent to the
 * rest of the kernel.
 */
static int netfront_resume(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *info = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);

        dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%s\n", dev->nodename);

        xennet_disconnect_backend(info);
        return 0;
}

static int xen_net_read_mac(struct xenbus_device *dev, u8 mac[])
{
        char *s, *e, *macstr;
        int i;

        macstr = s = xenbus_read(XBT_NIL, dev->nodename, "mac", NULL);
        if (IS_ERR(macstr))
                return PTR_ERR(macstr);

        for (i = 0; i < ETH_ALEN; i++) {
                mac[i] = simple_strtoul(s, &e, 16);
                if ((s == e) || (*e != ((i == ETH_ALEN-1) ? '\0' : ':'))) {
                        kfree(macstr);
                        return -ENOENT;
                }
                s = e+1;
        }

        kfree(macstr);
        return 0;
}

static int setup_netfront_single(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int err;

        err = xenbus_alloc_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, &queue->tx_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                goto fail;

        err = bind_evtchn_to_irqhandler(queue->tx_evtchn,
                                        xennet_interrupt,
                                        0, queue->info->netdev->name, queue);
        if (err < 0)
                goto bind_fail;
        queue->rx_evtchn = queue->tx_evtchn;
        queue->rx_irq = queue->tx_irq = err;

        return 0;

bind_fail:
        xenbus_free_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, queue->tx_evtchn);
        queue->tx_evtchn = 0;
fail:
        return err;
}

static int setup_netfront_split(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int err;

        err = xenbus_alloc_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, &queue->tx_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                goto fail;
        err = xenbus_alloc_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, &queue->rx_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                goto alloc_rx_evtchn_fail;

        snprintf(queue->tx_irq_name, sizeof(queue->tx_irq_name),
                 "%s-tx", queue->name);
        err = bind_evtchn_to_irqhandler(queue->tx_evtchn,
                                        xennet_tx_interrupt,
                                        0, queue->tx_irq_name, queue);
        if (err < 0)
                goto bind_tx_fail;
        queue->tx_irq = err;

        snprintf(queue->rx_irq_name, sizeof(queue->rx_irq_name),
                 "%s-rx", queue->name);
        err = bind_evtchn_to_irqhandler(queue->rx_evtchn,
                                        xennet_rx_interrupt,
                                        0, queue->rx_irq_name, queue);
        if (err < 0)
                goto bind_rx_fail;
        queue->rx_irq = err;

        return 0;

bind_rx_fail:
        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->tx_irq, queue);
        queue->tx_irq = 0;
bind_tx_fail:
        xenbus_free_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, queue->rx_evtchn);
        queue->rx_evtchn = 0;
alloc_rx_evtchn_fail:
        xenbus_free_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, queue->tx_evtchn);
        queue->tx_evtchn = 0;
fail:
        return err;
}

static int setup_netfront(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                        struct netfront_queue *queue, unsigned int feature_split_evtchn)
{
        struct xen_netif_tx_sring *txs;
        struct xen_netif_rx_sring *rxs;
        int err;

        queue->tx_ring_ref = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
        queue->rx_ring_ref = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
        queue->rx.sring = NULL;
        queue->tx.sring = NULL;

        txs = (struct xen_netif_tx_sring *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGH);
        if (!txs) {
                err = -ENOMEM;
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "allocating tx ring page");
                goto fail;
        }
        SHARED_RING_INIT(txs);
        FRONT_RING_INIT(&queue->tx, txs, PAGE_SIZE);

        err = xenbus_grant_ring(dev, virt_to_mfn(txs));
        if (err < 0)
                goto grant_tx_ring_fail;
        queue->tx_ring_ref = err;

        rxs = (struct xen_netif_rx_sring *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGH);
        if (!rxs) {
                err = -ENOMEM;
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "allocating rx ring page");
                goto alloc_rx_ring_fail;
        }
        SHARED_RING_INIT(rxs);
        FRONT_RING_INIT(&queue->rx, rxs, PAGE_SIZE);

        err = xenbus_grant_ring(dev, virt_to_mfn(rxs));
        if (err < 0)
                goto grant_rx_ring_fail;
        queue->rx_ring_ref = err;

        if (feature_split_evtchn)
                err = setup_netfront_split(queue);
        /* setup single event channel if
         *  a) feature-split-event-channels == 0
         *  b) feature-split-event-channels == 1 but failed to setup
         */
        if (!feature_split_evtchn || (feature_split_evtchn && err))
                err = setup_netfront_single(queue);

        if (err)
                goto alloc_evtchn_fail;

        return 0;

        /* If we fail to setup netfront, it is safe to just revoke access to
         * granted pages because backend is not accessing it at this point.
         */
alloc_evtchn_fail:
        gnttab_end_foreign_access_ref(queue->rx_ring_ref, 0);
grant_rx_ring_fail:
        free_page((unsigned long)rxs);
alloc_rx_ring_fail:
        gnttab_end_foreign_access_ref(queue->tx_ring_ref, 0);
grant_tx_ring_fail:
        free_page((unsigned long)txs);
fail:
        return err;
}

/* Queue-specific initialisation
 * This used to be done in xennet_create_dev() but must now
 * be run per-queue.
 */
static int xennet_init_queue(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        unsigned short i;
        int err = 0;

        spin_lock_init(&queue->tx_lock);
        spin_lock_init(&queue->rx_lock);

        setup_timer(&queue->rx_refill_timer, rx_refill_timeout,
                    (unsigned long)queue);

        snprintf(queue->name, sizeof(queue->name), "%s-q%u",
                 queue->info->netdev->name, queue->id);

        /* Initialise tx_skbs as a free chain containing every entry. */
        queue->tx_skb_freelist = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < NET_TX_RING_SIZE; i++) {
                skb_entry_set_link(&queue->tx_skbs[i], i+1);
                queue->grant_tx_ref[i] = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
                queue->grant_tx_page[i] = NULL;
        }

        /* Clear out rx_skbs */
        for (i = 0; i < NET_RX_RING_SIZE; i++) {
                queue->rx_skbs[i] = NULL;
                queue->grant_rx_ref[i] = GRANT_INVALID_REF;
        }

        /* A grant for every tx ring slot */
        if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(NET_TX_RING_SIZE,
                                          &queue->gref_tx_head) < 0) {
                pr_alert("can't alloc tx grant refs\n");
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto exit;
        }

        /* A grant for every rx ring slot */
        if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(NET_RX_RING_SIZE,
                                          &queue->gref_rx_head) < 0) {
                pr_alert("can't alloc rx grant refs\n");
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto exit_free_tx;
        }

        return 0;

 exit_free_tx:
        gnttab_free_grant_references(queue->gref_tx_head);
 exit:
        return err;
}

static int write_queue_xenstore_keys(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                           struct xenbus_transaction *xbt, int write_hierarchical)
{
        /* Write the queue-specific keys into XenStore in the traditional
         * way for a single queue, or in a queue subkeys for multiple
         * queues.
         */
        struct xenbus_device *dev = queue->info->xbdev;
        int err;
        const char *message;
        char *path;
        size_t pathsize;

        /* Choose the correct place to write the keys */
        if (write_hierarchical) {
                pathsize = strlen(dev->nodename) + 10;
                path = kzalloc(pathsize, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!path) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        message = "out of memory while writing ring references";
                        goto error;
                }
                snprintf(path, pathsize, "%s/queue-%u",
                                dev->nodename, queue->id);
        } else {
                path = (char *)dev->nodename;
        }

        /* Write ring references */
        err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path, "tx-ring-ref", "%u",
                        queue->tx_ring_ref);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing tx-ring-ref";
                goto error;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path, "rx-ring-ref", "%u",
                        queue->rx_ring_ref);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing rx-ring-ref";
                goto error;
        }

        /* Write event channels; taking into account both shared
         * and split event channel scenarios.
         */
        if (queue->tx_evtchn == queue->rx_evtchn) {
                /* Shared event channel */
                err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path,
                                "event-channel", "%u", queue->tx_evtchn);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing event-channel";
                        goto error;
                }
        } else {
                /* Split event channels */
                err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path,
                                "event-channel-tx", "%u", queue->tx_evtchn);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing event-channel-tx";
                        goto error;
                }

                err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path,
                                "event-channel-rx", "%u", queue->rx_evtchn);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing event-channel-rx";
                        goto error;
                }
        }

        if (write_hierarchical)
                kfree(path);
        return 0;

error:
        if (write_hierarchical)
                kfree(path);
        xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "%s", message);
        return err;
}

static void xennet_destroy_queues(struct netfront_info *info)
{
        unsigned int i;

        rtnl_lock();

        for (i = 0; i < info->netdev->real_num_tx_queues; i++) {
                struct netfront_queue *queue = &info->queues[i];

                if (netif_running(info->netdev))
                        napi_disable(&queue->napi);
                netif_napi_del(&queue->napi);
        }

        rtnl_unlock();

        kfree(info->queues);
        info->queues = NULL;
}

static int xennet_create_queues(struct netfront_info *info,
                                unsigned int *num_queues)
{
        unsigned int i;
        int ret;

        info->queues = kcalloc(*num_queues, sizeof(struct netfront_queue),
                               GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!info->queues)
                return -ENOMEM;

        rtnl_lock();

        for (i = 0; i < *num_queues; i++) {
                struct netfront_queue *queue = &info->queues[i];

                queue->id = i;
                queue->info = info;

                ret = xennet_init_queue(queue);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        dev_warn(&info->netdev->dev,
                                 "only created %d queues\n", i);
                        *num_queues = i;
                        break;
                }

                netif_napi_add(queue->info->netdev, &queue->napi,
                               xennet_poll, 64);
                if (netif_running(info->netdev))
                        napi_enable(&queue->napi);
        }

        netif_set_real_num_tx_queues(info->netdev, *num_queues);

        rtnl_unlock();

        if (*num_queues == 0) {
                dev_err(&info->netdev->dev, "no queues\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        return 0;
}

/* Common code used when first setting up, and when resuming. */
static int talk_to_netback(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                           struct netfront_info *info)
{
        const char *message;
        struct xenbus_transaction xbt;
        int err;
        unsigned int feature_split_evtchn;
        unsigned int i = 0;
        unsigned int max_queues = 0;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;
        unsigned int num_queues = 1;

        info->netdev->irq = 0;

        /* Check if backend supports multiple queues */
        err = xenbus_scanf(XBT_NIL, info->xbdev->otherend,
                           "multi-queue-max-queues", "%u", &max_queues);
        if (err < 0)
                max_queues = 1;
        num_queues = min(max_queues, xennet_max_queues);

        /* Check feature-split-event-channels */
        err = xenbus_scanf(XBT_NIL, info->xbdev->otherend,
                           "feature-split-event-channels", "%u",
                           &feature_split_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                feature_split_evtchn = 0;

        /* Read mac addr. */
        err = xen_net_read_mac(dev, info->netdev->dev_addr);
        if (err) {
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "parsing %s/mac", dev->nodename);
                goto out;
        }

        if (info->queues)
                xennet_destroy_queues(info);

        err = xennet_create_queues(info, &num_queues);
        if (err < 0) {
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating queues");
                kfree(info->queues);
                info->queues = NULL;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Create shared ring, alloc event channel -- for each queue */
        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                queue = &info->queues[i];
                err = setup_netfront(dev, queue, feature_split_evtchn);
                if (err)
                        goto destroy_ring;
        }

again:
        err = xenbus_transaction_start(&xbt);
        if (err) {
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "starting transaction");
                goto destroy_ring;
        }

        if (xenbus_exists(XBT_NIL,
                          info->xbdev->otherend, "multi-queue-max-queues")) {
                /* Write the number of queues */
                err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename,
                                    "multi-queue-num-queues", "%u", num_queues);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing multi-queue-num-queues";
                        goto abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal;
                }
        }

        if (num_queues == 1) {
                err = write_queue_xenstore_keys(&info->queues[0], &xbt, 0); /* flat */
                if (err)
                        goto abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal;
        } else {
                /* Write the keys for each queue */
                for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                        queue = &info->queues[i];
                        err = write_queue_xenstore_keys(queue, &xbt, 1); /* hierarchical */
                        if (err)
                                goto abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal;
                }
        }

        /* The remaining keys are not queue-specific */
        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "request-rx-copy", "%u",
                            1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing request-rx-copy";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-rx-notify", "%d", 1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-rx-notify";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-sg", "%d", 1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-sg";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-gso-tcpv4", "%d", 1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-gso-tcpv4";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_transaction_end(xbt, 0);
        if (err) {
                if (err == -EAGAIN)
                        goto again;
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "completing transaction");
                goto destroy_ring;
        }

        return 0;

 abort_transaction:
        xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "%s", message);
abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal:
        xenbus_transaction_end(xbt, 1);
 destroy_ring:
        xennet_disconnect_backend(info);
        xennet_destroy_queues(info);
 out:
        device_unregister(&dev->dev);
        return err;
}

static int xennet_connect(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = 0;
        int err;
        unsigned int feature_rx_copy;
        unsigned int j = 0;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;

        err = xenbus_scanf(XBT_NIL, np->xbdev->otherend,
                           "feature-rx-copy", "%u", &feature_rx_copy);
        if (err != 1)
                feature_rx_copy = 0;

        if (!feature_rx_copy) {
                dev_info(&dev->dev,
                         "backend does not support copying receive path\n");
                return -ENODEV;
        }

        err = talk_to_netback(np->xbdev, np);
        if (err)
                return err;

        /* talk_to_netback() sets the correct number of queues */
        num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;

        rtnl_lock();
        netdev_update_features(dev);
        rtnl_unlock();

        /*
         * All public and private state should now be sane.  Get
         * ready to start sending and receiving packets and give the driver
         * domain a kick because we've probably just requeued some
         * packets.
         */
        netif_carrier_on(np->netdev);
        for (j = 0; j < num_queues; ++j) {
                queue = &np->queues[j];

                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->tx_irq);
                if (queue->tx_irq != queue->rx_irq)
                        notify_remote_via_irq(queue->rx_irq);

                spin_lock_irq(&queue->tx_lock);
                xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue);
                spin_unlock_irq(&queue->tx_lock);

                spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
                xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);
                spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
        }

        return 0;
}

/**
 * Callback received when the backend's state changes.
 */
static void netback_changed(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                            enum xenbus_state backend_state)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);
        struct net_device *netdev = np->netdev;

        dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%s\n", xenbus_strstate(backend_state));

        switch (backend_state) {
        case XenbusStateInitialising:
        case XenbusStateInitialised:
        case XenbusStateReconfiguring:

        case XenbusStateReconfigured:
        case XenbusStateUnknown:
                break;

        case XenbusStateInitWait:
                if (dev->state != XenbusStateInitialising)
                        break;
                if (xennet_connect(netdev) != 0)
                        break;
                xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateConnected);
                break;

        case XenbusStateConnected:
                netdev_notify_peers(netdev);
                break;

        case XenbusStateClosed:
                if (dev->state == XenbusStateClosed)
                        break;
                /* Missed the backend's CLOSING state -- fallthrough */
        case XenbusStateClosing:
                xenbus_frontend_closed(dev);
                break;
        }
}

static const struct xennet_stat {
        char name[ETH_GSTRING_LEN];
        u16 offset;
} xennet_stats[] = {
        {
                "rx_gso_checksum_fixup",
                offsetof(struct netfront_info, rx_gso_checksum_fixup)
        },
};

static int xennet_get_sset_count(struct net_device *dev, int string_set)
{
        switch (string_set) {
        case ETH_SS_STATS:
                return ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_stats);
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }
}

static void xennet_get_ethtool_stats(struct net_device *dev,
                                     struct ethtool_stats *stats, u64 * data)
{
        void *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_stats); i++)
                data[i] = atomic_read((atomic_t *)(np + xennet_stats[i].offset));
}

static void xennet_get_strings(struct net_device *dev, u32 stringset, u8 * data)
{
        int i;

        switch (stringset) {
        case ETH_SS_STATS:
                for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_stats); i++)
                        memcpy(data + i * ETH_GSTRING_LEN,
                               xennet_stats[i].name, ETH_GSTRING_LEN);
                break;
        }
}

static const struct ethtool_ops xennet_ethtool_ops =
{
        .get_link = ethtool_op_get_link,

        .get_sset_count = xennet_get_sset_count,
        .get_ethtool_stats = xennet_get_ethtool_stats,
        .get_strings = xennet_get_strings,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static ssize_t show_rxbuf(struct device *dev,
                          struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", NET_RX_RING_SIZE);
}

static ssize_t store_rxbuf(struct device *dev,
                           struct device_attribute *attr,
                           const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        char *endp;
        unsigned long target;

        if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
                return -EPERM;

        target = simple_strtoul(buf, &endp, 0);
        if (endp == buf)
                return -EBADMSG;

        /* rxbuf_min and rxbuf_max are no longer configurable. */

        return len;
}

static struct device_attribute xennet_attrs[] = {
        __ATTR(rxbuf_min, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, show_rxbuf, store_rxbuf),
        __ATTR(rxbuf_max, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, show_rxbuf, store_rxbuf),
        __ATTR(rxbuf_cur, S_IRUGO, show_rxbuf, NULL),
};

static int xennet_sysfs_addif(struct net_device *netdev)
{
        int i;
        int err;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_attrs); i++) {
                err = device_create_file(&netdev->dev,
                                           &xennet_attrs[i]);
                if (err)
                        goto fail;
        }
        return 0;

 fail:
        while (--i >= 0)
                device_remove_file(&netdev->dev, &xennet_attrs[i]);
        return err;
}

static void xennet_sysfs_delif(struct net_device *netdev)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_attrs); i++)
                device_remove_file(&netdev->dev, &xennet_attrs[i]);
}

#endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */

static const struct xenbus_device_id netfront_ids[] = {
        { "vif" },
        { "" }
};


static int xennet_remove(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *info = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);

        dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%s\n", dev->nodename);

        xennet_disconnect_backend(info);

        xennet_sysfs_delif(info->netdev);

        unregister_netdev(info->netdev);

        if (info->queues)
                xennet_destroy_queues(info);
        xennet_free_netdev(info->netdev);

        return 0;
}

static DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER(netfront, ,
        .probe = netfront_probe,
        .remove = xennet_remove,
        .resume = netfront_resume,
        .otherend_changed = netback_changed,
);

static int __init netif_init(void)
{
        if (!xen_domain())
                return -ENODEV;

        if (!xen_has_pv_nic_devices())
                return -ENODEV;

        pr_info("Initialising Xen virtual ethernet driver\n");

        /* Allow as many queues as there are CPUs inut max. 8 if user has not
         * specified a value.
         */
        if (xennet_max_queues == 0)
                xennet_max_queues = min_t(unsigned int, MAX_QUEUES_DEFAULT,
                                          num_online_cpus());

        return xenbus_register_frontend(&netfront_driver);
}
module_init(netif_init);


static void __exit netif_exit(void)
{
        xenbus_unregister_driver(&netfront_driver);
}
module_exit(netif_exit);

MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Xen virtual network device frontend");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_ALIAS("xen:vif");
MODULE_ALIAS("xennet");