linux/arch/x86/include/asm/calling.h
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   1/*
   2
   3 x86 function call convention, 64-bit:
   4 -------------------------------------
   5  arguments           |  callee-saved      | extra caller-saved | return
   6 [callee-clobbered]   |                    | [callee-clobbered] |
   7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8 rdi rsi rdx rcx r8-9 | rbx rbp [*] r12-15 | r10-11             | rax, rdx [**]
   9
  10 ( rsp is obviously invariant across normal function calls. (gcc can 'merge'
  11   functions when it sees tail-call optimization possibilities) rflags is
  12   clobbered. Leftover arguments are passed over the stack frame.)
  13
  14 [*]  In the frame-pointers case rbp is fixed to the stack frame.
  15
  16 [**] for struct return values wider than 64 bits the return convention is a
  17      bit more complex: up to 128 bits width we return small structures
  18      straight in rax, rdx. For structures larger than that (3 words or
  19      larger) the caller puts a pointer to an on-stack return struct
  20      [allocated in the caller's stack frame] into the first argument - i.e.
  21      into rdi. All other arguments shift up by one in this case.
  22      Fortunately this case is rare in the kernel.
  23
  24For 32-bit we have the following conventions - kernel is built with
  25-mregparm=3 and -freg-struct-return:
  26
  27 x86 function calling convention, 32-bit:
  28 ----------------------------------------
  29  arguments         | callee-saved        | extra caller-saved | return
  30 [callee-clobbered] |                     | [callee-clobbered] |
  31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  32 eax edx ecx        | ebx edi esi ebp [*] | <none>             | eax, edx [**]
  33
  34 ( here too esp is obviously invariant across normal function calls. eflags
  35   is clobbered. Leftover arguments are passed over the stack frame. )
  36
  37 [*]  In the frame-pointers case ebp is fixed to the stack frame.
  38
  39 [**] We build with -freg-struct-return, which on 32-bit means similar
  40      semantics as on 64-bit: edx can be used for a second return value
  41      (i.e. covering integer and structure sizes up to 64 bits) - after that
  42      it gets more complex and more expensive: 3-word or larger struct returns
  43      get done in the caller's frame and the pointer to the return struct goes
  44      into regparm0, i.e. eax - the other arguments shift up and the
  45      function's register parameters degenerate to regparm=2 in essence.
  46
  47*/
  48
  49#include <asm/dwarf2.h>
  50
  51/*
  52 * 64-bit system call stack frame layout defines and helpers,
  53 * for assembly code:
  54 */
  55
  56#define R15               0
  57#define R14               8
  58#define R13              16
  59#define R12              24
  60#define RBP              32
  61#define RBX              40
  62
  63/* arguments: interrupts/non tracing syscalls only save up to here: */
  64#define R11              48
  65#define R10              56
  66#define R9               64
  67#define R8               72
  68#define RAX              80
  69#define RCX              88
  70#define RDX              96
  71#define RSI             104
  72#define RDI             112
  73#define ORIG_RAX        120       /* + error_code */
  74/* end of arguments */
  75
  76/* cpu exception frame or undefined in case of fast syscall: */
  77#define RIP             128
  78#define CS              136
  79#define EFLAGS          144
  80#define RSP             152
  81#define SS              160
  82
  83#define ARGOFFSET       R11
  84#define SWFRAME         ORIG_RAX
  85
  86        .macro SAVE_ARGS addskip=0, save_rcx=1, save_r891011=1
  87        subq  $9*8+\addskip, %rsp
  88        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET   9*8+\addskip
  89        movq_cfi rdi, 8*8
  90        movq_cfi rsi, 7*8
  91        movq_cfi rdx, 6*8
  92
  93        .if \save_rcx
  94        movq_cfi rcx, 5*8
  95        .endif
  96
  97        movq_cfi rax, 4*8
  98
  99        .if \save_r891011
 100        movq_cfi r8,  3*8
 101        movq_cfi r9,  2*8
 102        movq_cfi r10, 1*8
 103        movq_cfi r11, 0*8
 104        .endif
 105
 106        .endm
 107
 108#define ARG_SKIP        (9*8)
 109
 110        .macro RESTORE_ARGS rstor_rax=1, addskip=0, rstor_rcx=1, rstor_r11=1, \
 111                            rstor_r8910=1, rstor_rdx=1
 112        .if \rstor_r11
 113        movq_cfi_restore 0*8, r11
 114        .endif
 115
 116        .if \rstor_r8910
 117        movq_cfi_restore 1*8, r10
 118        movq_cfi_restore 2*8, r9
 119        movq_cfi_restore 3*8, r8
 120        .endif
 121
 122        .if \rstor_rax
 123        movq_cfi_restore 4*8, rax
 124        .endif
 125
 126        .if \rstor_rcx
 127        movq_cfi_restore 5*8, rcx
 128        .endif
 129
 130        .if \rstor_rdx
 131        movq_cfi_restore 6*8, rdx
 132        .endif
 133
 134        movq_cfi_restore 7*8, rsi
 135        movq_cfi_restore 8*8, rdi
 136
 137        .if ARG_SKIP+\addskip > 0
 138        addq $ARG_SKIP+\addskip, %rsp
 139        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET   -(ARG_SKIP+\addskip)
 140        .endif
 141        .endm
 142
 143        .macro LOAD_ARGS offset, skiprax=0
 144        movq \offset(%rsp),    %r11
 145        movq \offset+8(%rsp),  %r10
 146        movq \offset+16(%rsp), %r9
 147        movq \offset+24(%rsp), %r8
 148        movq \offset+40(%rsp), %rcx
 149        movq \offset+48(%rsp), %rdx
 150        movq \offset+56(%rsp), %rsi
 151        movq \offset+64(%rsp), %rdi
 152        .if \skiprax
 153        .else
 154        movq \offset+72(%rsp), %rax
 155        .endif
 156        .endm
 157
 158#define REST_SKIP       (6*8)
 159
 160        .macro SAVE_REST
 161        subq $REST_SKIP, %rsp
 162        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET   REST_SKIP
 163        movq_cfi rbx, 5*8
 164        movq_cfi rbp, 4*8
 165        movq_cfi r12, 3*8
 166        movq_cfi r13, 2*8
 167        movq_cfi r14, 1*8
 168        movq_cfi r15, 0*8
 169        .endm
 170
 171        .macro RESTORE_REST
 172        movq_cfi_restore 0*8, r15
 173        movq_cfi_restore 1*8, r14
 174        movq_cfi_restore 2*8, r13
 175        movq_cfi_restore 3*8, r12
 176        movq_cfi_restore 4*8, rbp
 177        movq_cfi_restore 5*8, rbx
 178        addq $REST_SKIP, %rsp
 179        CFI_ADJUST_CFA_OFFSET   -(REST_SKIP)
 180        .endm
 181
 182        .macro SAVE_ALL
 183        SAVE_ARGS
 184        SAVE_REST
 185        .endm
 186
 187        .macro RESTORE_ALL addskip=0
 188        RESTORE_REST
 189        RESTORE_ARGS 1, \addskip
 190        .endm
 191
 192        .macro icebp
 193        .byte 0xf1
 194        .endm
 195
 196.macro UNWIND_END_OF_STACK
 197        417:
 198        .pushsection __unwind_end_of_stack, "a"
 199                .quad 417b
 200        .popsection
 201.endm
 202
 203.macro UNWIND_UNSAFE_STACK
 204        417:
 205        .pushsection __unwind_unsafe_stack, "a"
 206                .quad 417b
 207        .popsection
 208.endm
 209