linux/kernel/rcutree.h
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   1/*
   2 * Read-Copy Update mechanism for mutual exclusion (tree-based version)
   3 * Internal non-public definitions.
   4 *
   5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   8 * (at your option) any later version.
   9 *
  10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14 *
  15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  18 *
  19 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2008
  20 *
  21 * Author: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
  22 *         Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
  23 */
  24
  25#include <linux/cache.h>
  26#include <linux/spinlock.h>
  27#include <linux/threads.h>
  28#include <linux/cpumask.h>
  29#include <linux/seqlock.h>
  30
  31/*
  32 * Define shape of hierarchy based on NR_CPUS and CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT.
  33 * In theory, it should be possible to add more levels straightforwardly.
  34 * In practice, this has not been tested, so there is probably some
  35 * bug somewhere.
  36 */
  37#define MAX_RCU_LVLS 3
  38#define RCU_FANOUT            (CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT)
  39#define RCU_FANOUT_SQ         (RCU_FANOUT * RCU_FANOUT)
  40#define RCU_FANOUT_CUBE       (RCU_FANOUT_SQ * RCU_FANOUT)
  41
  42#if NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT
  43#  define NUM_RCU_LVLS        1
  44#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0       1
  45#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_1       (NR_CPUS)
  46#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_2       0
  47#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_3       0
  48#elif NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT_SQ
  49#  define NUM_RCU_LVLS        2
  50#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0       1
  51#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_1       DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT)
  52#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_2       (NR_CPUS)
  53#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_3       0
  54#elif NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT_CUBE
  55#  define NUM_RCU_LVLS        3
  56#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0       1
  57#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_1       DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_SQ)
  58#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_2       DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT)
  59#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_3       NR_CPUS
  60#else
  61# error "CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT insufficient for NR_CPUS"
  62#endif /* #if (NR_CPUS) <= RCU_FANOUT */
  63
  64#define RCU_SUM (NUM_RCU_LVL_0 + NUM_RCU_LVL_1 + NUM_RCU_LVL_2 + NUM_RCU_LVL_3)
  65#define NUM_RCU_NODES (RCU_SUM - NR_CPUS)
  66
  67/*
  68 * Dynticks per-CPU state.
  69 */
  70struct rcu_dynticks {
  71        int dynticks_nesting;   /* Track nesting level, sort of. */
  72        int dynticks;           /* Even value for dynticks-idle, else odd. */
  73        int dynticks_nmi;       /* Even value for either dynticks-idle or */
  74                                /*  not in nmi handler, else odd.  So this */
  75                                /*  remains even for nmi from irq handler. */
  76};
  77
  78/*
  79 * Definition for node within the RCU grace-period-detection hierarchy.
  80 */
  81struct rcu_node {
  82        spinlock_t lock;        /* Root rcu_node's lock protects some */
  83                                /*  rcu_state fields as well as following. */
  84        long    gpnum;          /* Current grace period for this node. */
  85                                /*  This will either be equal to or one */
  86                                /*  behind the root rcu_node's gpnum. */
  87        unsigned long qsmask;   /* CPUs or groups that need to switch in */
  88                                /*  order for current grace period to proceed.*/
  89                                /*  In leaf rcu_node, each bit corresponds to */
  90                                /*  an rcu_data structure, otherwise, each */
  91                                /*  bit corresponds to a child rcu_node */
  92                                /*  structure. */
  93        unsigned long qsmaskinit;
  94                                /* Per-GP initialization for qsmask. */
  95        unsigned long grpmask;  /* Mask to apply to parent qsmask. */
  96                                /*  Only one bit will be set in this mask. */
  97        int     grplo;          /* lowest-numbered CPU or group here. */
  98        int     grphi;          /* highest-numbered CPU or group here. */
  99        u8      grpnum;         /* CPU/group number for next level up. */
 100        u8      level;          /* root is at level 0. */
 101        struct rcu_node *parent;
 102        struct list_head blocked_tasks[2];
 103                                /* Tasks blocked in RCU read-side critsect. */
 104                                /*  Grace period number (->gpnum) x blocked */
 105                                /*  by tasks on the (x & 0x1) element of the */
 106                                /*  blocked_tasks[] array. */
 107} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 108
 109/*
 110 * Do a full breadth-first scan of the rcu_node structures for the
 111 * specified rcu_state structure.
 112 */
 113#define rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) \
 114        for ((rnp) = &(rsp)->node[0]; \
 115             (rnp) < &(rsp)->node[NUM_RCU_NODES]; (rnp)++)
 116
 117#define rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) \
 118        for ((rnp) = (rsp)->level[NUM_RCU_LVLS - 1]; \
 119             (rnp) < &(rsp)->node[NUM_RCU_NODES]; (rnp)++)
 120
 121/* Index values for nxttail array in struct rcu_data. */
 122#define RCU_DONE_TAIL           0       /* Also RCU_WAIT head. */
 123#define RCU_WAIT_TAIL           1       /* Also RCU_NEXT_READY head. */
 124#define RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL     2       /* Also RCU_NEXT head. */
 125#define RCU_NEXT_TAIL           3
 126#define RCU_NEXT_SIZE           4
 127
 128/* Per-CPU data for read-copy update. */
 129struct rcu_data {
 130        /* 1) quiescent-state and grace-period handling : */
 131        long            completed;      /* Track rsp->completed gp number */
 132                                        /*  in order to detect GP end. */
 133        long            gpnum;          /* Highest gp number that this CPU */
 134                                        /*  is aware of having started. */
 135        long            passed_quiesc_completed;
 136                                        /* Value of completed at time of qs. */
 137        bool            passed_quiesc;  /* User-mode/idle loop etc. */
 138        bool            qs_pending;     /* Core waits for quiesc state. */
 139        bool            beenonline;     /* CPU online at least once. */
 140        bool            preemptable;    /* Preemptable RCU? */
 141        struct rcu_node *mynode;        /* This CPU's leaf of hierarchy */
 142        unsigned long grpmask;          /* Mask to apply to leaf qsmask. */
 143
 144        /* 2) batch handling */
 145        /*
 146         * If nxtlist is not NULL, it is partitioned as follows.
 147         * Any of the partitions might be empty, in which case the
 148         * pointer to that partition will be equal to the pointer for
 149         * the following partition.  When the list is empty, all of
 150         * the nxttail elements point to the ->nxtlist pointer itself,
 151         * which in that case is NULL.
 152         *
 153         * [nxtlist, *nxttail[RCU_DONE_TAIL]):
 154         *      Entries that batch # <= ->completed
 155         *      The grace period for these entries has completed, and
 156         *      the other grace-period-completed entries may be moved
 157         *      here temporarily in rcu_process_callbacks().
 158         * [*nxttail[RCU_DONE_TAIL], *nxttail[RCU_WAIT_TAIL]):
 159         *      Entries that batch # <= ->completed - 1: waiting for current GP
 160         * [*nxttail[RCU_WAIT_TAIL], *nxttail[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL]):
 161         *      Entries known to have arrived before current GP ended
 162         * [*nxttail[RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL], *nxttail[RCU_NEXT_TAIL]):
 163         *      Entries that might have arrived after current GP ended
 164         *      Note that the value of *nxttail[RCU_NEXT_TAIL] will
 165         *      always be NULL, as this is the end of the list.
 166         */
 167        struct rcu_head *nxtlist;
 168        struct rcu_head **nxttail[RCU_NEXT_SIZE];
 169        long            qlen;           /* # of queued callbacks */
 170        long            qlen_last_fqs_check;
 171                                        /* qlen at last check for QS forcing */
 172        unsigned long   n_force_qs_snap;
 173                                        /* did other CPU force QS recently? */
 174        long            blimit;         /* Upper limit on a processed batch */
 175
 176#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
 177        /* 3) dynticks interface. */
 178        struct rcu_dynticks *dynticks;  /* Shared per-CPU dynticks state. */
 179        int dynticks_snap;              /* Per-GP tracking for dynticks. */
 180        int dynticks_nmi_snap;          /* Per-GP tracking for dynticks_nmi. */
 181#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ */
 182
 183        /* 4) reasons this CPU needed to be kicked by force_quiescent_state */
 184#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
 185        unsigned long dynticks_fqs;     /* Kicked due to dynticks idle. */
 186#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ */
 187        unsigned long offline_fqs;      /* Kicked due to being offline. */
 188        unsigned long resched_ipi;      /* Sent a resched IPI. */
 189
 190        /* 5) __rcu_pending() statistics. */
 191        long n_rcu_pending;             /* rcu_pending() calls since boot. */
 192        long n_rp_qs_pending;
 193        long n_rp_cb_ready;
 194        long n_rp_cpu_needs_gp;
 195        long n_rp_gp_completed;
 196        long n_rp_gp_started;
 197        long n_rp_need_fqs;
 198        long n_rp_need_nothing;
 199
 200        int cpu;
 201};
 202
 203/* Values for signaled field in struct rcu_state. */
 204#define RCU_GP_IDLE             0       /* No grace period in progress. */
 205#define RCU_GP_INIT             1       /* Grace period being initialized. */
 206#define RCU_SAVE_DYNTICK        2       /* Need to scan dyntick state. */
 207#define RCU_FORCE_QS            3       /* Need to force quiescent state. */
 208#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
 209#define RCU_SIGNAL_INIT         RCU_SAVE_DYNTICK
 210#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ */
 211#define RCU_SIGNAL_INIT         RCU_FORCE_QS
 212#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ */
 213
 214#define RCU_JIFFIES_TILL_FORCE_QS        3      /* for rsp->jiffies_force_qs */
 215#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
 216#define RCU_SECONDS_TILL_STALL_CHECK   (10 * HZ)  /* for rsp->jiffies_stall */
 217#define RCU_SECONDS_TILL_STALL_RECHECK (30 * HZ)  /* for rsp->jiffies_stall */
 218#define RCU_STALL_RAT_DELAY             2         /* Allow other CPUs time */
 219                                                  /*  to take at least one */
 220                                                  /*  scheduling clock irq */
 221                                                  /*  before ratting on them. */
 222
 223#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR */
 224
 225/*
 226 * RCU global state, including node hierarchy.  This hierarchy is
 227 * represented in "heap" form in a dense array.  The root (first level)
 228 * of the hierarchy is in ->node[0] (referenced by ->level[0]), the second
 229 * level in ->node[1] through ->node[m] (->node[1] referenced by ->level[1]),
 230 * and the third level in ->node[m+1] and following (->node[m+1] referenced
 231 * by ->level[2]).  The number of levels is determined by the number of
 232 * CPUs and by CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT.  Small systems will have a "hierarchy"
 233 * consisting of a single rcu_node.
 234 */
 235struct rcu_state {
 236        struct rcu_node node[NUM_RCU_NODES];    /* Hierarchy. */
 237        struct rcu_node *level[NUM_RCU_LVLS];   /* Hierarchy levels. */
 238        u32 levelcnt[MAX_RCU_LVLS + 1];         /* # nodes in each level. */
 239        u8 levelspread[NUM_RCU_LVLS];           /* kids/node in each level. */
 240        struct rcu_data *rda[NR_CPUS];          /* array of rdp pointers. */
 241
 242        /* The following fields are guarded by the root rcu_node's lock. */
 243
 244        u8      signaled ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 245                                                /* Force QS state. */
 246        long    gpnum;                          /* Current gp number. */
 247        long    completed;                      /* # of last completed gp. */
 248
 249        /* End  of fields guarded by root rcu_node's lock. */
 250
 251        spinlock_t onofflock;                   /* exclude on/offline and */
 252                                                /*  starting new GP.  Also */
 253                                                /*  protects the following */
 254                                                /*  orphan_cbs fields. */
 255        struct rcu_head *orphan_cbs_list;       /* list of rcu_head structs */
 256                                                /*  orphaned by all CPUs in */
 257                                                /*  a given leaf rcu_node */
 258                                                /*  going offline. */
 259        struct rcu_head **orphan_cbs_tail;      /* And tail pointer. */
 260        long orphan_qlen;                       /* Number of orphaned cbs. */
 261        spinlock_t fqslock;                     /* Only one task forcing */
 262                                                /*  quiescent states. */
 263        unsigned long jiffies_force_qs;         /* Time at which to invoke */
 264                                                /*  force_quiescent_state(). */
 265        unsigned long n_force_qs;               /* Number of calls to */
 266                                                /*  force_quiescent_state(). */
 267        unsigned long n_force_qs_lh;            /* ~Number of calls leaving */
 268                                                /*  due to lock unavailable. */
 269        unsigned long n_force_qs_ngp;           /* Number of calls leaving */
 270                                                /*  due to no GP active. */
 271#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
 272        unsigned long gp_start;                 /* Time at which GP started, */
 273                                                /*  but in jiffies. */
 274        unsigned long jiffies_stall;            /* Time at which to check */
 275                                                /*  for CPU stalls. */
 276#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR */
 277#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
 278        long dynticks_completed;                /* Value of completed @ snap. */
 279#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ */
 280};
 281
 282#ifdef RCU_TREE_NONCORE
 283
 284/*
 285 * RCU implementation internal declarations:
 286 */
 287extern struct rcu_state rcu_sched_state;
 288DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_sched_data);
 289
 290extern struct rcu_state rcu_bh_state;
 291DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_bh_data);
 292
 293#ifdef CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
 294extern struct rcu_state rcu_preempt_state;
 295DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_preempt_data);
 296#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU */
 297
 298#else /* #ifdef RCU_TREE_NONCORE */
 299
 300/* Forward declarations for rcutree_plugin.h */
 301static inline void rcu_bootup_announce(void);
 302long rcu_batches_completed(void);
 303static void rcu_preempt_note_context_switch(int cpu);
 304static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp);
 305#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
 306static void rcu_print_task_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp);
 307#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR */
 308static void rcu_preempt_check_blocked_tasks(struct rcu_node *rnp);
 309#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
 310static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
 311                                     struct rcu_node *rnp,
 312                                     struct rcu_data *rdp);
 313static void rcu_preempt_offline_cpu(int cpu);
 314#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
 315static void rcu_preempt_check_callbacks(int cpu);
 316static void rcu_preempt_process_callbacks(void);
 317void call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu));
 318static int rcu_preempt_pending(int cpu);
 319static int rcu_preempt_needs_cpu(int cpu);
 320static void __cpuinit rcu_preempt_init_percpu_data(int cpu);
 321static void rcu_preempt_send_cbs_to_orphanage(void);
 322static void __init __rcu_init_preempt(void);
 323
 324#endif /* #else #ifdef RCU_TREE_NONCORE */
 325