/*
 * Ldisc rw semaphore
 *
 * The ldisc semaphore is semantically a rw_semaphore but which enforces
 * an alternate policy, namely:
 *   1) Supports lock wait timeouts
 *   2) Write waiter has priority
 *   3) Downgrading is not supported
 *
 * Implementation notes:
 *   1) Upper half of semaphore count is a wait count (differs from rwsem
 *      in that rwsem normalizes the upper half to the wait bias)
 *   2) Lacks overflow checking
 *
 * The generic counting was copied and modified from include/asm-generic/rwsem.h
 * by Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>.
 *
 * The scheduling policy was copied and modified from lib/rwsem.c
 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com).
 *
 * This implementation incorporates the write lock stealing work of
 * Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2013 Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
 *
 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
 * License v2.
 */

#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>


#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
# define __acq(l, s, t, r, c, n, i)             \
                                lock_acquire(&(l)->dep_map, s, t, r, c, n, i)
# define __rel(l, n, i)                         \
                                lock_release(&(l)->dep_map, n, i)
#define lockdep_acquire(l, s, t, i)             __acq(l, s, t, 0, 1, NULL, i)
#define lockdep_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i)     __acq(l, s, t, 0, 1, n, i)
#define lockdep_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)        __acq(l, s, t, 1, 1, NULL, i)
#define lockdep_release(l, n, i)                __rel(l, n, i)
#else
# define lockdep_acquire(l, s, t, i)            do { } while (0)
# define lockdep_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i)    do { } while (0)
# define lockdep_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)       do { } while (0)
# define lockdep_release(l, n, i)               do { } while (0)
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
# define lock_stat(_lock, stat)         lock_##stat(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_)
#else
# define lock_stat(_lock, stat)         do { } while (0)
#endif


#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
# define LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK      0xffffffffL
#else
# define LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK      0x0000ffffL
#endif

#define LDSEM_UNLOCKED          0L
#define LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS       1L
#define LDSEM_WAIT_BIAS         (-LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK-1)
#define LDSEM_READ_BIAS         LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS
#define LDSEM_WRITE_BIAS        (LDSEM_WAIT_BIAS + LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS)

struct ldsem_waiter {
        struct list_head list;
        struct task_struct *task;
};

static inline long ldsem_atomic_update(long delta, struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        return atomic_long_add_return(delta, (atomic_long_t *)&sem->count);
}

/*
 * ldsem_cmpxchg() updates @*old with the last-known sem->count value.
 * Returns 1 if count was successfully changed; @*old will have @new value.
 * Returns 0 if count was not changed; @*old will have most recent sem->count
 */
static inline int ldsem_cmpxchg(long *old, long new, struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        long tmp = atomic_long_cmpxchg(&sem->count, *old, new);
        if (tmp == *old) {
                *old = new;
                return 1;
        } else {
                *old = tmp;
                return 0;
        }
}

/*
 * Initialize an ldsem:
 */
void __init_ldsem(struct ld_semaphore *sem, const char *name,
                  struct lock_class_key *key)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
        /*
         * Make sure we are not reinitializing a held semaphore:
         */
        debug_check_no_locks_freed((void *)sem, sizeof(*sem));
        lockdep_init_map(&sem->dep_map, name, key, 0);
#endif
        sem->count = LDSEM_UNLOCKED;
        sem->wait_readers = 0;
        raw_spin_lock_init(&sem->wait_lock);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sem->read_wait);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sem->write_wait);
}

static void __ldsem_wake_readers(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        struct ldsem_waiter *waiter, *next;
        struct task_struct *tsk;
        long adjust, count;

        /* Try to grant read locks to all readers on the read wait list.
         * Note the 'active part' of the count is incremented by
         * the number of readers before waking any processes up.
         */
        adjust = sem->wait_readers * (LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS - LDSEM_WAIT_BIAS);
        count = ldsem_atomic_update(adjust, sem);
        do {
                if (count > 0)
                        break;
                if (ldsem_cmpxchg(&count, count - adjust, sem))
                        return;
        } while (1);

        list_for_each_entry_safe(waiter, next, &sem->read_wait, list) {
                tsk = waiter->task;
                smp_mb();
                waiter->task = NULL;
                wake_up_process(tsk);
                put_task_struct(tsk);
        }
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sem->read_wait);
        sem->wait_readers = 0;
}

static inline int writer_trylock(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        /* only wake this writer if the active part of the count can be
         * transitioned from 0 -> 1
         */
        long count = ldsem_atomic_update(LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS, sem);
        do {
                if ((count & LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK) == LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS)
                        return 1;
                if (ldsem_cmpxchg(&count, count - LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS, sem))
                        return 0;
        } while (1);
}

static void __ldsem_wake_writer(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        struct ldsem_waiter *waiter;

        waiter = list_entry(sem->write_wait.next, struct ldsem_waiter, list);
        wake_up_process(waiter->task);
}

/*
 * handle the lock release when processes blocked on it that can now run
 * - if we come here from up_xxxx(), then:
 *   - the 'active part' of count (&0x0000ffff) reached 0 (but may have changed)
 *   - the 'waiting part' of count (&0xffff0000) is -ve (and will still be so)
 * - the spinlock must be held by the caller
 * - woken process blocks are discarded from the list after having task zeroed
 */
static void __ldsem_wake(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        if (!list_empty(&sem->write_wait))
                __ldsem_wake_writer(sem);
        else if (!list_empty(&sem->read_wait))
                __ldsem_wake_readers(sem);
}

static void ldsem_wake(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&sem->wait_lock, flags);
        __ldsem_wake(sem);
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sem->wait_lock, flags);
}

/*
 * wait for the read lock to be granted
 */
static struct ld_semaphore __sched *
down_read_failed(struct ld_semaphore *sem, long count, long timeout)
{
        struct ldsem_waiter waiter;
        struct task_struct *tsk = current;
        long adjust = -LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS + LDSEM_WAIT_BIAS;

        /* set up my own style of waitqueue */
        raw_spin_lock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);

        /* Try to reverse the lock attempt but if the count has changed
         * so that reversing fails, check if there are are no waiters,
         * and early-out if not */
        do {
                if (ldsem_cmpxchg(&count, count + adjust, sem))
                        break;
                if (count > 0) {
                        raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
                        return sem;
                }
        } while (1);

        list_add_tail(&waiter.list, &sem->read_wait);
        sem->wait_readers++;

        waiter.task = tsk;
        get_task_struct(tsk);

        /* if there are no active locks, wake the new lock owner(s) */
        if ((count & LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK) == 0)
                __ldsem_wake(sem);

        raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);

        /* wait to be given the lock */
        for (;;) {
                set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);

                if (!waiter.task)
                        break;
                if (!timeout)
                        break;
                timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
        }

        __set_task_state(tsk, TASK_RUNNING);

        if (!timeout) {
                /* lock timed out but check if this task was just
                 * granted lock ownership - if so, pretend there
                 * was no timeout; otherwise, cleanup lock wait */
                raw_spin_lock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
                if (waiter.task) {
                        ldsem_atomic_update(-LDSEM_WAIT_BIAS, sem);
                        list_del(&waiter.list);
                        raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
                        put_task_struct(waiter.task);
                        return NULL;
                }
                raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
        }

        return sem;
}

/*
 * wait for the write lock to be granted
 */
static struct ld_semaphore __sched *
down_write_failed(struct ld_semaphore *sem, long count, long timeout)
{
        struct ldsem_waiter waiter;
        struct task_struct *tsk = current;
        long adjust = -LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS;
        int locked = 0;

        /* set up my own style of waitqueue */
        raw_spin_lock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);

        /* Try to reverse the lock attempt but if the count has changed
         * so that reversing fails, check if the lock is now owned,
         * and early-out if so */
        do {
                if (ldsem_cmpxchg(&count, count + adjust, sem))
                        break;
                if ((count & LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK) == LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS) {
                        raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
                        return sem;
                }
        } while (1);

        list_add_tail(&waiter.list, &sem->write_wait);

        waiter.task = tsk;

        set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
        for (;;) {
                if (!timeout)
                        break;
                raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
                timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
                raw_spin_lock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
                set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
                if ((locked = writer_trylock(sem)))
                        break;
        }

        if (!locked)
                ldsem_atomic_update(-LDSEM_WAIT_BIAS, sem);
        list_del(&waiter.list);
        raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);

        __set_task_state(tsk, TASK_RUNNING);

        /* lock wait may have timed out */
        if (!locked)
                return NULL;
        return sem;
}



static inline int __ldsem_down_read_nested(struct ld_semaphore *sem,
                                           int subclass, long timeout)
{
        long count;

        lockdep_acquire_read(sem, subclass, 0, _RET_IP_);

        count = ldsem_atomic_update(LDSEM_READ_BIAS, sem);
        if (count <= 0) {
                lock_stat(sem, contended);
                if (!down_read_failed(sem, count, timeout)) {
                        lockdep_release(sem, 1, _RET_IP_);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        lock_stat(sem, acquired);
        return 1;
}

static inline int __ldsem_down_write_nested(struct ld_semaphore *sem,
                                            int subclass, long timeout)
{
        long count;

        lockdep_acquire(sem, subclass, 0, _RET_IP_);

        count = ldsem_atomic_update(LDSEM_WRITE_BIAS, sem);
        if ((count & LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK) != LDSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS) {
                lock_stat(sem, contended);
                if (!down_write_failed(sem, count, timeout)) {
                        lockdep_release(sem, 1, _RET_IP_);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        lock_stat(sem, acquired);
        return 1;
}


/*
 * lock for reading -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if timed out
 */
int __sched ldsem_down_read(struct ld_semaphore *sem, long timeout)
{
        might_sleep();
        return __ldsem_down_read_nested(sem, 0, timeout);
}

/*
 * trylock for reading -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
 */
int ldsem_down_read_trylock(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        long count = sem->count;

        while (count >= 0) {
                if (ldsem_cmpxchg(&count, count + LDSEM_READ_BIAS, sem)) {
                        lockdep_acquire_read(sem, 0, 1, _RET_IP_);
                        lock_stat(sem, acquired);
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * lock for writing -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if timed out
 */
int __sched ldsem_down_write(struct ld_semaphore *sem, long timeout)
{
        might_sleep();
        return __ldsem_down_write_nested(sem, 0, timeout);
}

/*
 * trylock for writing -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
 */
int ldsem_down_write_trylock(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        long count = sem->count;

        while ((count & LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK) == 0) {
                if (ldsem_cmpxchg(&count, count + LDSEM_WRITE_BIAS, sem)) {
                        lockdep_acquire(sem, 0, 1, _RET_IP_);
                        lock_stat(sem, acquired);
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * release a read lock
 */
void ldsem_up_read(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        long count;

        lockdep_release(sem, 1, _RET_IP_);

        count = ldsem_atomic_update(-LDSEM_READ_BIAS, sem);
        if (count < 0 && (count & LDSEM_ACTIVE_MASK) == 0)
                ldsem_wake(sem);
}

/*
 * release a write lock
 */
void ldsem_up_write(struct ld_semaphore *sem)
{
        long count;

        lockdep_release(sem, 1, _RET_IP_);

        count = ldsem_atomic_update(-LDSEM_WRITE_BIAS, sem);
        if (count < 0)
                ldsem_wake(sem);
}


#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC

int ldsem_down_read_nested(struct ld_semaphore *sem, int subclass, long timeout)
{
        might_sleep();
        return __ldsem_down_read_nested(sem, subclass, timeout);
}

int ldsem_down_write_nested(struct ld_semaphore *sem, int subclass,
                            long timeout)
{
        might_sleep();
        return __ldsem_down_write_nested(sem, subclass, timeout);
}

#endif