/**
 * eCryptfs: Linux filesystem encryption layer
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1997-2004 Erez Zadok
 * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Stony Brook University
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 International Business Machines Corp.
 *   Author(s): Michael A. Halcrow <mahalcro@us.ibm.com>
 *              Michael C. Thompsion <mcthomps@us.ibm.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
 * 02111-1307, USA.
 */

#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/dcache.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/crypto.h>
#include <linux/fs_stack.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/xattr.h>
#include <asm/unaligned.h>
#include "ecryptfs_kernel.h"

static struct dentry *lock_parent(struct dentry *dentry)
{
        struct dentry *dir;

        dir = dget_parent(dentry);
        mutex_lock_nested(&(dir->d_inode->i_mutex), I_MUTEX_PARENT);
        return dir;
}

static void unlock_dir(struct dentry *dir)
{
        mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
        dput(dir);
}

static int ecryptfs_inode_test(struct inode *inode, void *lower_inode)
{
        if (ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(inode) == (struct inode *)lower_inode)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

static int ecryptfs_inode_set(struct inode *inode, void *opaque)
{
        struct inode *lower_inode = opaque;

        ecryptfs_set_inode_lower(inode, lower_inode);
        fsstack_copy_attr_all(inode, lower_inode);
        /* i_size will be overwritten for encrypted regular files */
        fsstack_copy_inode_size(inode, lower_inode);
        inode->i_ino = lower_inode->i_ino;
        inode->i_version++;
        inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ecryptfs_aops;
        inode->i_mapping->backing_dev_info = inode->i_sb->s_bdi;

        if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
                inode->i_op = &ecryptfs_symlink_iops;
        else if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
                inode->i_op = &ecryptfs_dir_iops;
        else
                inode->i_op = &ecryptfs_main_iops;

        if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
                inode->i_fop = &ecryptfs_dir_fops;
        else if (special_file(inode->i_mode))
                init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, inode->i_rdev);
        else
                inode->i_fop = &ecryptfs_main_fops;

        return 0;
}

static struct inode *__ecryptfs_get_inode(struct inode *lower_inode,
                                          struct super_block *sb)
{
        struct inode *inode;

        if (lower_inode->i_sb != ecryptfs_superblock_to_lower(sb))
                return ERR_PTR(-EXDEV);
        if (!igrab(lower_inode))
                return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
        inode = iget5_locked(sb, (unsigned long)lower_inode,
                             ecryptfs_inode_test, ecryptfs_inode_set,
                             lower_inode);
        if (!inode) {
                iput(lower_inode);
                return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
        }
        if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW))
                iput(lower_inode);

        return inode;
}

struct inode *ecryptfs_get_inode(struct inode *lower_inode,
                                 struct super_block *sb)
{
        struct inode *inode = __ecryptfs_get_inode(lower_inode, sb);

        if (!IS_ERR(inode) && (inode->i_state & I_NEW))
                unlock_new_inode(inode);

        return inode;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_interpose
 * @lower_dentry: Existing dentry in the lower filesystem
 * @dentry: ecryptfs' dentry
 * @sb: ecryptfs's super_block
 *
 * Interposes upper and lower dentries.
 *
 * Returns zero on success; non-zero otherwise
 */
static int ecryptfs_interpose(struct dentry *lower_dentry,
                              struct dentry *dentry, struct super_block *sb)
{
        struct inode *inode = ecryptfs_get_inode(lower_dentry->d_inode, sb);

        if (IS_ERR(inode))
                return PTR_ERR(inode);
        d_instantiate(dentry, inode);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_create_underlying_file
 * @lower_dir_inode: inode of the parent in the lower fs of the new file
 * @dentry: New file's dentry
 * @mode: The mode of the new file
 *
 * Creates the file in the lower file system.
 *
 * Returns zero on success; non-zero on error condition
 */
static int
ecryptfs_create_underlying_file(struct inode *lower_dir_inode,
                                struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
{
        struct dentry *lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        return vfs_create(lower_dir_inode, lower_dentry, mode, NULL);
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_do_create
 * @directory_inode: inode of the new file's dentry's parent in ecryptfs
 * @ecryptfs_dentry: New file's dentry in ecryptfs
 * @mode: The mode of the new file
 * @nd: nameidata of ecryptfs' parent's dentry & vfsmount
 *
 * Creates the underlying file and the eCryptfs inode which will link to
 * it. It will also update the eCryptfs directory inode to mimic the
 * stat of the lower directory inode.
 *
 * Returns the new eCryptfs inode on success; an ERR_PTR on error condition
 */
static struct inode *
ecryptfs_do_create(struct inode *directory_inode,
                   struct dentry *ecryptfs_dentry, int mode)
{
        int rc;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;
        struct inode *inode;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(ecryptfs_dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_dentry);
        if (IS_ERR(lower_dir_dentry)) {
                ecryptfs_printk(KERN_ERR, "Error locking directory of "
                                "dentry\n");
                inode = ERR_CAST(lower_dir_dentry);
                goto out;
        }
        rc = ecryptfs_create_underlying_file(lower_dir_dentry->d_inode,
                                             ecryptfs_dentry, mode);
        if (rc) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Failure to create dentry in lower fs; "
                       "rc = [%d]\n", __func__, rc);
                inode = ERR_PTR(rc);
                goto out_lock;
        }
        inode = __ecryptfs_get_inode(lower_dentry->d_inode,
                                     directory_inode->i_sb);
        if (IS_ERR(inode))
                goto out_lock;
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(directory_inode, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        fsstack_copy_inode_size(directory_inode, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
out_lock:
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
out:
        return inode;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_initialize_file
 *
 * Cause the file to be changed from a basic empty file to an ecryptfs
 * file with a header and first data page.
 *
 * Returns zero on success
 */
static int ecryptfs_initialize_file(struct dentry *ecryptfs_dentry,
                                    struct inode *ecryptfs_inode)
{
        struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat *crypt_stat =
                &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(ecryptfs_inode)->crypt_stat;
        int rc = 0;

        if (S_ISDIR(ecryptfs_inode->i_mode)) {
                ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG, "This is a directory\n");
                crypt_stat->flags &= ~(ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED);
                goto out;
        }
        ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG, "Initializing crypto context\n");
        rc = ecryptfs_new_file_context(ecryptfs_inode);
        if (rc) {
                ecryptfs_printk(KERN_ERR, "Error creating new file "
                                "context; rc = [%d]\n", rc);
                goto out;
        }
        rc = ecryptfs_get_lower_file(ecryptfs_dentry, ecryptfs_inode);
        if (rc) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error attempting to initialize "
                        "the lower file for the dentry with name "
                        "[%s]; rc = [%d]\n", __func__,
                        ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.name, rc);
                goto out;
        }
        rc = ecryptfs_write_metadata(ecryptfs_dentry, ecryptfs_inode);
        if (rc)
                printk(KERN_ERR "Error writing headers; rc = [%d]\n", rc);
        ecryptfs_put_lower_file(ecryptfs_inode);
out:
        return rc;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_create
 * @dir: The inode of the directory in which to create the file.
 * @dentry: The eCryptfs dentry
 * @mode: The mode of the new file.
 * @nd: nameidata
 *
 * Creates a new file.
 *
 * Returns zero on success; non-zero on error condition
 */
static int
ecryptfs_create(struct inode *directory_inode, struct dentry *ecryptfs_dentry,
                int mode, struct nameidata *nd)
{
        struct inode *ecryptfs_inode;
        int rc;

        ecryptfs_inode = ecryptfs_do_create(directory_inode, ecryptfs_dentry,
                                            mode);
        if (unlikely(IS_ERR(ecryptfs_inode))) {
                ecryptfs_printk(KERN_WARNING, "Failed to create file in"
                                "lower filesystem\n");
                rc = PTR_ERR(ecryptfs_inode);
                goto out;
        }
        /* At this point, a file exists on "disk"; we need to make sure
         * that this on disk file is prepared to be an ecryptfs file */
        rc = ecryptfs_initialize_file(ecryptfs_dentry, ecryptfs_inode);
        if (rc) {
                drop_nlink(ecryptfs_inode);
                unlock_new_inode(ecryptfs_inode);
                iput(ecryptfs_inode);
                goto out;
        }
        d_instantiate(ecryptfs_dentry, ecryptfs_inode);
        unlock_new_inode(ecryptfs_inode);
out:
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_i_size_read(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
{
        struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat *crypt_stat;
        int rc;

        rc = ecryptfs_get_lower_file(dentry, inode);
        if (rc) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error attempting to initialize "
                        "the lower file for the dentry with name "
                        "[%s]; rc = [%d]\n", __func__,
                        dentry->d_name.name, rc);
                return rc;
        }

        crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(inode)->crypt_stat;
        /* TODO: lock for crypt_stat comparison */
        if (!(crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_POLICY_APPLIED))
                ecryptfs_set_default_sizes(crypt_stat);

        rc = ecryptfs_read_and_validate_header_region(inode);
        ecryptfs_put_lower_file(inode);
        if (rc) {
                rc = ecryptfs_read_and_validate_xattr_region(dentry, inode);
                if (!rc)
                        crypt_stat->flags |= ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR;
        }

        /* Must return 0 to allow non-eCryptfs files to be looked up, too */
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_lookup_interpose - Dentry interposition for a lookup
 */
static int ecryptfs_lookup_interpose(struct dentry *dentry,
                                     struct dentry *lower_dentry,
                                     struct inode *dir_inode)
{
        struct inode *inode, *lower_inode = lower_dentry->d_inode;
        struct ecryptfs_dentry_info *dentry_info;
        struct vfsmount *lower_mnt;
        int rc = 0;

        lower_mnt = mntget(ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower_mnt(dentry->d_parent));
        fsstack_copy_attr_atime(dir_inode, lower_dentry->d_parent->d_inode);
        BUG_ON(!lower_dentry->d_count);

        dentry_info = kmem_cache_alloc(ecryptfs_dentry_info_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
        ecryptfs_set_dentry_private(dentry, dentry_info);
        if (!dentry_info) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Out of memory whilst attempting "
                       "to allocate ecryptfs_dentry_info struct\n",
                        __func__);
                dput(lower_dentry);
                mntput(lower_mnt);
                d_drop(dentry);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        ecryptfs_set_dentry_lower(dentry, lower_dentry);
        ecryptfs_set_dentry_lower_mnt(dentry, lower_mnt);

        if (!lower_dentry->d_inode) {
                /* We want to add because we couldn't find in lower */
                d_add(dentry, NULL);
                return 0;
        }
        inode = __ecryptfs_get_inode(lower_inode, dir_inode->i_sb);
        if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error interposing; rc = [%ld]\n",
                       __func__, PTR_ERR(inode));
                return PTR_ERR(inode);
        }
        if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
                rc = ecryptfs_i_size_read(dentry, inode);
                if (rc) {
                        make_bad_inode(inode);
                        return rc;
                }
        }

        if (inode->i_state & I_NEW)
                unlock_new_inode(inode);
        d_add(dentry, inode);

        return rc;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_lookup
 * @ecryptfs_dir_inode: The eCryptfs directory inode
 * @ecryptfs_dentry: The eCryptfs dentry that we are looking up
 * @ecryptfs_nd: nameidata; may be NULL
 *
 * Find a file on disk. If the file does not exist, then we'll add it to the
 * dentry cache and continue on to read it from the disk.
 */
static struct dentry *ecryptfs_lookup(struct inode *ecryptfs_dir_inode,
                                      struct dentry *ecryptfs_dentry,
                                      struct nameidata *ecryptfs_nd)
{
        char *encrypted_and_encoded_name = NULL;
        size_t encrypted_and_encoded_name_size;
        struct ecryptfs_mount_crypt_stat *mount_crypt_stat = NULL;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry, *lower_dentry;
        int rc = 0;

        if ((ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.len == 1
             && !strcmp(ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.name, "."))
            || (ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.len == 2
                && !strcmp(ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.name, ".."))) {
                goto out_d_drop;
        }
        lower_dir_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(ecryptfs_dentry->d_parent);
        mutex_lock(&lower_dir_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        lower_dentry = lookup_one_len(ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.name,
                                      lower_dir_dentry,
                                      ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.len);
        mutex_unlock(&lower_dir_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        if (IS_ERR(lower_dentry)) {
                rc = PTR_ERR(lower_dentry);
                ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG, "%s: lookup_one_len() returned "
                                "[%d] on lower_dentry = [%s]\n", __func__, rc,
                                encrypted_and_encoded_name);
                goto out_d_drop;
        }
        if (lower_dentry->d_inode)
                goto interpose;
        mount_crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_superblock_to_private(
                                ecryptfs_dentry->d_sb)->mount_crypt_stat;
        if (!(mount_crypt_stat
            && (mount_crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_GLOBAL_ENCRYPT_FILENAMES)))
                goto interpose;
        dput(lower_dentry);
        rc = ecryptfs_encrypt_and_encode_filename(
                &encrypted_and_encoded_name, &encrypted_and_encoded_name_size,
                NULL, mount_crypt_stat, ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.name,
                ecryptfs_dentry->d_name.len);
        if (rc) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Error attempting to encrypt and encode "
                       "filename; rc = [%d]\n", __func__, rc);
                goto out_d_drop;
        }
        mutex_lock(&lower_dir_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        lower_dentry = lookup_one_len(encrypted_and_encoded_name,
                                      lower_dir_dentry,
                                      encrypted_and_encoded_name_size);
        mutex_unlock(&lower_dir_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        if (IS_ERR(lower_dentry)) {
                rc = PTR_ERR(lower_dentry);
                ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG, "%s: lookup_one_len() returned "
                                "[%d] on lower_dentry = [%s]\n", __func__, rc,
                                encrypted_and_encoded_name);
                goto out_d_drop;
        }
interpose:
        rc = ecryptfs_lookup_interpose(ecryptfs_dentry, lower_dentry,
                                       ecryptfs_dir_inode);
        goto out;
out_d_drop:
        d_drop(ecryptfs_dentry);
out:
        kfree(encrypted_and_encoded_name);
        return ERR_PTR(rc);
}

static int ecryptfs_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir,
                         struct dentry *new_dentry)
{
        struct dentry *lower_old_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_new_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;
        u64 file_size_save;
        int rc;

        file_size_save = i_size_read(old_dentry->d_inode);
        lower_old_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(old_dentry);
        lower_new_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(new_dentry);
        dget(lower_old_dentry);
        dget(lower_new_dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_new_dentry);
        rc = vfs_link(lower_old_dentry, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode,
                      lower_new_dentry);
        if (rc || !lower_new_dentry->d_inode)
                goto out_lock;
        rc = ecryptfs_interpose(lower_new_dentry, new_dentry, dir->i_sb);
        if (rc)
                goto out_lock;
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        fsstack_copy_inode_size(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        set_nlink(old_dentry->d_inode,
                  ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(old_dentry->d_inode)->i_nlink);
        i_size_write(new_dentry->d_inode, file_size_save);
out_lock:
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
        dput(lower_new_dentry);
        dput(lower_old_dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        struct inode *lower_dir_inode = ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(dir);
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;

        dget(lower_dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_dentry);
        rc = vfs_unlink(lower_dir_inode, lower_dentry);
        if (rc) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "Error in vfs_unlink; rc = [%d]\n", rc);
                goto out_unlock;
        }
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir_inode);
        set_nlink(dentry->d_inode,
                  ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(dentry->d_inode)->i_nlink);
        dentry->d_inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
        d_drop(dentry);
out_unlock:
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
        dput(lower_dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
                            const char *symname)
{
        int rc;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;
        char *encoded_symname;
        size_t encoded_symlen;
        struct ecryptfs_mount_crypt_stat *mount_crypt_stat = NULL;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        dget(lower_dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_dentry);
        mount_crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_superblock_to_private(
                dir->i_sb)->mount_crypt_stat;
        rc = ecryptfs_encrypt_and_encode_filename(&encoded_symname,
                                                  &encoded_symlen,
                                                  NULL,
                                                  mount_crypt_stat, symname,
                                                  strlen(symname));
        if (rc)
                goto out_lock;
        rc = vfs_symlink(lower_dir_dentry->d_inode, lower_dentry,
                         encoded_symname);
        kfree(encoded_symname);
        if (rc || !lower_dentry->d_inode)
                goto out_lock;
        rc = ecryptfs_interpose(lower_dentry, dentry, dir->i_sb);
        if (rc)
                goto out_lock;
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        fsstack_copy_inode_size(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
out_lock:
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
        dput(lower_dentry);
        if (!dentry->d_inode)
                d_drop(dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
{
        int rc;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_dentry);
        rc = vfs_mkdir(lower_dir_dentry->d_inode, lower_dentry, mode);
        if (rc || !lower_dentry->d_inode)
                goto out;
        rc = ecryptfs_interpose(lower_dentry, dentry, dir->i_sb);
        if (rc)
                goto out;
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        fsstack_copy_inode_size(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        set_nlink(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode->i_nlink);
out:
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
        if (!dentry->d_inode)
                d_drop(dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
{
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;
        int rc;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        dget(dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_dentry);
        dget(lower_dentry);
        rc = vfs_rmdir(lower_dir_dentry->d_inode, lower_dentry);
        dput(lower_dentry);
        if (!rc && dentry->d_inode)
                clear_nlink(dentry->d_inode);
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        set_nlink(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode->i_nlink);
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
        if (!rc)
                d_drop(dentry);
        dput(dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int
ecryptfs_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t dev)
{
        int rc;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_dir_dentry;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        lower_dir_dentry = lock_parent(lower_dentry);
        rc = vfs_mknod(lower_dir_dentry->d_inode, lower_dentry, mode, dev);
        if (rc || !lower_dentry->d_inode)
                goto out;
        rc = ecryptfs_interpose(lower_dentry, dentry, dir->i_sb);
        if (rc)
                goto out;
        fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        fsstack_copy_inode_size(dir, lower_dir_dentry->d_inode);
out:
        unlock_dir(lower_dir_dentry);
        if (!dentry->d_inode)
                d_drop(dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int
ecryptfs_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
                struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
{
        int rc;
        struct dentry *lower_old_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_new_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_old_dir_dentry;
        struct dentry *lower_new_dir_dentry;
        struct dentry *trap = NULL;

        lower_old_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(old_dentry);
        lower_new_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(new_dentry);
        dget(lower_old_dentry);
        dget(lower_new_dentry);
        lower_old_dir_dentry = dget_parent(lower_old_dentry);
        lower_new_dir_dentry = dget_parent(lower_new_dentry);
        trap = lock_rename(lower_old_dir_dentry, lower_new_dir_dentry);
        /* source should not be ancestor of target */
        if (trap == lower_old_dentry) {
                rc = -EINVAL;
                goto out_lock;
        }
        /* target should not be ancestor of source */
        if (trap == lower_new_dentry) {
                rc = -ENOTEMPTY;
                goto out_lock;
        }
        rc = vfs_rename(lower_old_dir_dentry->d_inode, lower_old_dentry,
                        lower_new_dir_dentry->d_inode, lower_new_dentry);
        if (rc)
                goto out_lock;
        fsstack_copy_attr_all(new_dir, lower_new_dir_dentry->d_inode);
        if (new_dir != old_dir)
                fsstack_copy_attr_all(old_dir, lower_old_dir_dentry->d_inode);
out_lock:
        unlock_rename(lower_old_dir_dentry, lower_new_dir_dentry);
        dput(lower_new_dir_dentry);
        dput(lower_old_dir_dentry);
        dput(lower_new_dentry);
        dput(lower_old_dentry);
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_readlink_lower(struct dentry *dentry, char **buf,
                                   size_t *bufsiz)
{
        struct dentry *lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        char *lower_buf;
        size_t lower_bufsiz = PATH_MAX;
        mm_segment_t old_fs;
        int rc;

        lower_buf = kmalloc(lower_bufsiz, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!lower_buf) {
                rc = -ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }
        old_fs = get_fs();
        set_fs(get_ds());
        rc = lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->readlink(lower_dentry,
                                                   (char __user *)lower_buf,
                                                   lower_bufsiz);
        set_fs(old_fs);
        if (rc < 0)
                goto out;
        lower_bufsiz = rc;
        rc = ecryptfs_decode_and_decrypt_filename(buf, bufsiz, dentry,
                                                  lower_buf, lower_bufsiz);
out:
        kfree(lower_buf);
        return rc;
}

static int
ecryptfs_readlink(struct dentry *dentry, char __user *buf, int bufsiz)
{
        char *kbuf;
        size_t kbufsiz, copied;
        int rc;

        rc = ecryptfs_readlink_lower(dentry, &kbuf, &kbufsiz);
        if (rc)
                goto out;
        copied = min_t(size_t, bufsiz, kbufsiz);
        rc = copy_to_user(buf, kbuf, copied) ? -EFAULT : copied;
        kfree(kbuf);
        fsstack_copy_attr_atime(dentry->d_inode,
                                ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry)->d_inode);
out:
        return rc;
}

static void *ecryptfs_follow_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
{
        char *buf;
        int len = PAGE_SIZE, rc;
        mm_segment_t old_fs;

        /* Released in ecryptfs_put_link(); only release here on error */
        buf = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!buf) {
                buf = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
                goto out;
        }
        old_fs = get_fs();
        set_fs(get_ds());
        rc = dentry->d_inode->i_op->readlink(dentry, (char __user *)buf, len);
        set_fs(old_fs);
        if (rc < 0) {
                kfree(buf);
                buf = ERR_PTR(rc);
        } else
                buf[rc] = '\0';
out:
        nd_set_link(nd, buf);
        return NULL;
}

static void
ecryptfs_put_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd, void *ptr)
{
        char *buf = nd_get_link(nd);
        if (!IS_ERR(buf)) {
                /* Free the char* */
                kfree(buf);
        }
}

/**
 * upper_size_to_lower_size
 * @crypt_stat: Crypt_stat associated with file
 * @upper_size: Size of the upper file
 *
 * Calculate the required size of the lower file based on the
 * specified size of the upper file. This calculation is based on the
 * number of headers in the underlying file and the extent size.
 *
 * Returns Calculated size of the lower file.
 */
static loff_t
upper_size_to_lower_size(struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat *crypt_stat,
                         loff_t upper_size)
{
        loff_t lower_size;

        lower_size = ecryptfs_lower_header_size(crypt_stat);
        if (upper_size != 0) {
                loff_t num_extents;

                num_extents = upper_size >> crypt_stat->extent_shift;
                if (upper_size & ~crypt_stat->extent_mask)
                        num_extents++;
                lower_size += (num_extents * crypt_stat->extent_size);
        }
        return lower_size;
}

/**
 * truncate_upper
 * @dentry: The ecryptfs layer dentry
 * @ia: Address of the ecryptfs inode's attributes
 * @lower_ia: Address of the lower inode's attributes
 *
 * Function to handle truncations modifying the size of the file. Note
 * that the file sizes are interpolated. When expanding, we are simply
 * writing strings of 0's out. When truncating, we truncate the upper
 * inode and update the lower_ia according to the page index
 * interpolations. If ATTR_SIZE is set in lower_ia->ia_valid upon return,
 * the caller must use lower_ia in a call to notify_change() to perform
 * the truncation of the lower inode.
 *
 * Returns zero on success; non-zero otherwise
 */
static int truncate_upper(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *ia,
                          struct iattr *lower_ia)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
        struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat *crypt_stat;
        loff_t i_size = i_size_read(inode);
        loff_t lower_size_before_truncate;
        loff_t lower_size_after_truncate;

        if (unlikely((ia->ia_size == i_size))) {
                lower_ia->ia_valid &= ~ATTR_SIZE;
                return 0;
        }
        rc = ecryptfs_get_lower_file(dentry, inode);
        if (rc)
                return rc;
        crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(dentry->d_inode)->crypt_stat;
        /* Switch on growing or shrinking file */
        if (ia->ia_size > i_size) {
                char zero[] = { 0x00 };

                lower_ia->ia_valid &= ~ATTR_SIZE;
                /* Write a single 0 at the last position of the file;
                 * this triggers code that will fill in 0's throughout
                 * the intermediate portion of the previous end of the
                 * file and the new and of the file */
                rc = ecryptfs_write(inode, zero,
                                    (ia->ia_size - 1), 1);
        } else { /* ia->ia_size < i_size_read(inode) */
                /* We're chopping off all the pages down to the page
                 * in which ia->ia_size is located. Fill in the end of
                 * that page from (ia->ia_size & ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK) to
                 * PAGE_CACHE_SIZE with zeros. */
                size_t num_zeros = (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
                                    - (ia->ia_size & ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK));


                /*
                 * XXX(truncate) this should really happen at the begginning
                 * of ->setattr.  But the code is too messy to that as part
                 * of a larger patch.  ecryptfs is also totally missing out
                 * on the inode_change_ok check at the beginning of
                 * ->setattr while would include this.
                 */
                rc = inode_newsize_ok(inode, ia->ia_size);
                if (rc)
                        goto out;

                if (!(crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED)) {
                        truncate_setsize(inode, ia->ia_size);
                        lower_ia->ia_size = ia->ia_size;
                        lower_ia->ia_valid |= ATTR_SIZE;
                        goto out;
                }
                if (num_zeros) {
                        char *zeros_virt;

                        zeros_virt = kzalloc(num_zeros, GFP_KERNEL);
                        if (!zeros_virt) {
                                rc = -ENOMEM;
                                goto out;
                        }
                        rc = ecryptfs_write(inode, zeros_virt,
                                            ia->ia_size, num_zeros);
                        kfree(zeros_virt);
                        if (rc) {
                                printk(KERN_ERR "Error attempting to zero out "
                                       "the remainder of the end page on "
                                       "reducing truncate; rc = [%d]\n", rc);
                                goto out;
                        }
                }
                truncate_setsize(inode, ia->ia_size);
                rc = ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_metadata(inode);
                if (rc) {
                        printk(KERN_ERR "Problem with "
                               "ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_metadata; "
                               "rc = [%d]\n", rc);
                        goto out;
                }
                /* We are reducing the size of the ecryptfs file, and need to
                 * know if we need to reduce the size of the lower file. */
                lower_size_before_truncate =
                    upper_size_to_lower_size(crypt_stat, i_size);
                lower_size_after_truncate =
                    upper_size_to_lower_size(crypt_stat, ia->ia_size);
                if (lower_size_after_truncate < lower_size_before_truncate) {
                        lower_ia->ia_size = lower_size_after_truncate;
                        lower_ia->ia_valid |= ATTR_SIZE;
                } else
                        lower_ia->ia_valid &= ~ATTR_SIZE;
        }
out:
        ecryptfs_put_lower_file(inode);
        return rc;
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_truncate
 * @dentry: The ecryptfs layer dentry
 * @new_length: The length to expand the file to
 *
 * Simple function that handles the truncation of an eCryptfs inode and
 * its corresponding lower inode.
 *
 * Returns zero on success; non-zero otherwise
 */
int ecryptfs_truncate(struct dentry *dentry, loff_t new_length)
{
        struct iattr ia = { .ia_valid = ATTR_SIZE, .ia_size = new_length };
        struct iattr lower_ia = { .ia_valid = 0 };
        int rc;

        rc = truncate_upper(dentry, &ia, &lower_ia);
        if (!rc && lower_ia.ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
                struct dentry *lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);

                mutex_lock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
                rc = notify_change(lower_dentry, &lower_ia);
                mutex_unlock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        }
        return rc;
}

static int
ecryptfs_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
{
        return inode_permission(ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(inode), mask);
}

/**
 * ecryptfs_setattr
 * @dentry: dentry handle to the inode to modify
 * @ia: Structure with flags of what to change and values
 *
 * Updates the metadata of an inode. If the update is to the size
 * i.e. truncation, then ecryptfs_truncate will handle the size modification
 * of both the ecryptfs inode and the lower inode.
 *
 * All other metadata changes will be passed right to the lower filesystem,
 * and we will just update our inode to look like the lower.
 */
static int ecryptfs_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *ia)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;
        struct iattr lower_ia;
        struct inode *inode;
        struct inode *lower_inode;
        struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat *crypt_stat;

        crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(dentry->d_inode)->crypt_stat;
        if (!(crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_STRUCT_INITIALIZED))
                ecryptfs_init_crypt_stat(crypt_stat);
        inode = dentry->d_inode;
        lower_inode = ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(inode);
        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        mutex_lock(&crypt_stat->cs_mutex);
        if (S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
                crypt_stat->flags &= ~(ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED);
        else if (S_ISREG(dentry->d_inode->i_mode)
                 && (!(crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_POLICY_APPLIED)
                     || !(crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_KEY_VALID))) {
                struct ecryptfs_mount_crypt_stat *mount_crypt_stat;

                mount_crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_superblock_to_private(
                        dentry->d_sb)->mount_crypt_stat;
                rc = ecryptfs_get_lower_file(dentry, inode);
                if (rc) {
                        mutex_unlock(&crypt_stat->cs_mutex);
                        goto out;
                }
                rc = ecryptfs_read_metadata(dentry);
                ecryptfs_put_lower_file(inode);
                if (rc) {
                        if (!(mount_crypt_stat->flags
                              & ECRYPTFS_PLAINTEXT_PASSTHROUGH_ENABLED)) {
                                rc = -EIO;
                                printk(KERN_WARNING "Either the lower file "
                                       "is not in a valid eCryptfs format, "
                                       "or the key could not be retrieved. "
                                       "Plaintext passthrough mode is not "
                                       "enabled; returning -EIO\n");
                                mutex_unlock(&crypt_stat->cs_mutex);
                                goto out;
                        }
                        rc = 0;
                        crypt_stat->flags &= ~(ECRYPTFS_I_SIZE_INITIALIZED
                                               | ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED);
                }
        }
        mutex_unlock(&crypt_stat->cs_mutex);
        if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {

                rc = filemap_write_and_wait(inode->i_mapping);
                if (rc)
                        goto out;
                fsstack_copy_attr_all(inode, lower_inode);
        }
        memcpy(&lower_ia, ia, sizeof(lower_ia));
        if (ia->ia_valid & ATTR_FILE)
                lower_ia.ia_file = ecryptfs_file_to_lower(ia->ia_file);
        if (ia->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
                rc = truncate_upper(dentry, ia, &lower_ia);
                if (rc < 0)
                        goto out;
        }

        /*
         * mode change is for clearing setuid/setgid bits. Allow lower fs
         * to interpret this in its own way.
         */
        if (lower_ia.ia_valid & (ATTR_KILL_SUID | ATTR_KILL_SGID))
                lower_ia.ia_valid &= ~ATTR_MODE;

        mutex_lock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        rc = notify_change(lower_dentry, &lower_ia);
        mutex_unlock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
out:
        fsstack_copy_attr_all(inode, lower_inode);
        return rc;
}

int ecryptfs_getattr_link(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
                          struct kstat *stat)
{
        struct ecryptfs_mount_crypt_stat *mount_crypt_stat;
        int rc = 0;

        mount_crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_superblock_to_private(
                                                dentry->d_sb)->mount_crypt_stat;
        generic_fillattr(dentry->d_inode, stat);
        if (mount_crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_GLOBAL_ENCRYPT_FILENAMES) {
                char *target;
                size_t targetsiz;

                rc = ecryptfs_readlink_lower(dentry, &target, &targetsiz);
                if (!rc) {
                        kfree(target);
                        stat->size = targetsiz;
                }
        }
        return rc;
}

int ecryptfs_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
                     struct kstat *stat)
{
        struct kstat lower_stat;
        int rc;

        rc = vfs_getattr(ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower_mnt(dentry),
                         ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry), &lower_stat);
        if (!rc) {
                fsstack_copy_attr_all(dentry->d_inode,
                                      ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(dentry->d_inode));
                generic_fillattr(dentry->d_inode, stat);
                stat->blocks = lower_stat.blocks;
        }
        return rc;
}

int
ecryptfs_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name, const void *value,
                  size_t size, int flags)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        if (!lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->setxattr) {
                rc = -EOPNOTSUPP;
                goto out;
        }

        rc = vfs_setxattr(lower_dentry, name, value, size, flags);
out:
        return rc;
}

ssize_t
ecryptfs_getxattr_lower(struct dentry *lower_dentry, const char *name,
                        void *value, size_t size)
{
        int rc = 0;

        if (!lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->getxattr) {
                rc = -EOPNOTSUPP;
                goto out;
        }
        mutex_lock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        rc = lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->getxattr(lower_dentry, name, value,
                                                   size);
        mutex_unlock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
out:
        return rc;
}

static ssize_t
ecryptfs_getxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name, void *value,
                  size_t size)
{
        return ecryptfs_getxattr_lower(ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry), name,
                                       value, size);
}

static ssize_t
ecryptfs_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *list, size_t size)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        if (!lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->listxattr) {
                rc = -EOPNOTSUPP;
                goto out;
        }
        mutex_lock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        rc = lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->listxattr(lower_dentry, list, size);
        mutex_unlock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
out:
        return rc;
}

static int ecryptfs_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct dentry *lower_dentry;

        lower_dentry = ecryptfs_dentry_to_lower(dentry);
        if (!lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->removexattr) {
                rc = -EOPNOTSUPP;
                goto out;
        }
        mutex_lock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        rc = lower_dentry->d_inode->i_op->removexattr(lower_dentry, name);
        mutex_unlock(&lower_dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
out:
        return rc;
}

const struct inode_operations ecryptfs_symlink_iops = {
        .readlink = ecryptfs_readlink,
        .follow_link = ecryptfs_follow_link,
        .put_link = ecryptfs_put_link,
        .permission = ecryptfs_permission,
        .setattr = ecryptfs_setattr,
        .getattr = ecryptfs_getattr_link,
        .setxattr = ecryptfs_setxattr,
        .getxattr = ecryptfs_getxattr,
        .listxattr = ecryptfs_listxattr,
        .removexattr = ecryptfs_removexattr
};

const struct inode_operations ecryptfs_dir_iops = {
        .create = ecryptfs_create,
        .lookup = ecryptfs_lookup,
        .link = ecryptfs_link,
        .unlink = ecryptfs_unlink,
        .symlink = ecryptfs_symlink,
        .mkdir = ecryptfs_mkdir,
        .rmdir = ecryptfs_rmdir,
        .mknod = ecryptfs_mknod,
        .rename = ecryptfs_rename,
        .permission = ecryptfs_permission,
        .setattr = ecryptfs_setattr,
        .setxattr = ecryptfs_setxattr,
        .getxattr = ecryptfs_getxattr,
        .listxattr = ecryptfs_listxattr,
        .removexattr = ecryptfs_removexattr
};

const struct inode_operations ecryptfs_main_iops = {
        .permission = ecryptfs_permission,
        .setattr = ecryptfs_setattr,
        .getattr = ecryptfs_getattr,
        .setxattr = ecryptfs_setxattr,
        .getxattr = ecryptfs_getxattr,
        .listxattr = ecryptfs_listxattr,
        .removexattr = ecryptfs_removexattr
};