/*
 * index.c - NTFS kernel index handling.  Part of the Linux-NTFS project.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Anton Altaparmakov
 *
 * This program/include file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
 * by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program/include file is distributed in the hope that it will be
 * useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
 * of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program (in the main directory of the Linux-NTFS
 * distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation,Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

#include <linux/slab.h>

#include "aops.h"
#include "collate.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "index.h"
#include "ntfs.h"

/**
 * ntfs_index_ctx_get - allocate and initialize a new index context
 * @idx_ni:     ntfs index inode with which to initialize the context
 *
 * Allocate a new index context, initialize it with @idx_ni and return it.
 * Return NULL if allocation failed.
 *
 * Locking:  Caller must hold i_mutex on the index inode.
 */
ntfs_index_context *ntfs_index_ctx_get(ntfs_inode *idx_ni)
{
        ntfs_index_context *ictx;

        ictx = kmem_cache_alloc(ntfs_index_ctx_cache, GFP_NOFS);
        if (ictx)
                *ictx = (ntfs_index_context){ .idx_ni = idx_ni };
        return ictx;
}

/**
 * ntfs_index_ctx_put - release an index context
 * @ictx:       index context to free
 *
 * Release the index context @ictx, releasing all associated resources.
 *
 * Locking:  Caller must hold i_mutex on the index inode.
 */
void ntfs_index_ctx_put(ntfs_index_context *ictx)
{
        if (ictx->entry) {
                if (ictx->is_in_root) {
                        if (ictx->actx)
                                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ictx->actx);
                        if (ictx->base_ni)
                                unmap_mft_record(ictx->base_ni);
                } else {
                        struct page *page = ictx->page;
                        if (page) {
                                BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
                                unlock_page(page);
                                ntfs_unmap_page(page);
                        }
                }
        }
        kmem_cache_free(ntfs_index_ctx_cache, ictx);
        return;
}

/**
 * ntfs_index_lookup - find a key in an index and return its index entry
 * @key:        [IN] key for which to search in the index
 * @key_len:    [IN] length of @key in bytes
 * @ictx:       [IN/OUT] context describing the index and the returned entry
 *
 * Before calling ntfs_index_lookup(), @ictx must have been obtained from a
 * call to ntfs_index_ctx_get().
 *
 * Look for the @key in the index specified by the index lookup context @ictx.
 * ntfs_index_lookup() walks the contents of the index looking for the @key.
 *
 * If the @key is found in the index, 0 is returned and @ictx is setup to
 * describe the index entry containing the matching @key.  @ictx->entry is the
 * index entry and @ictx->data and @ictx->data_len are the index entry data and
 * its length in bytes, respectively.
 *
 * If the @key is not found in the index, -ENOENT is returned and @ictx is
 * setup to describe the index entry whose key collates immediately after the
 * search @key, i.e. this is the position in the index at which an index entry
 * with a key of @key would need to be inserted.
 *
 * If an error occurs return the negative error code and @ictx is left
 * untouched.
 *
 * When finished with the entry and its data, call ntfs_index_ctx_put() to free
 * the context and other associated resources.
 *
 * If the index entry was modified, call flush_dcache_index_entry_page()
 * immediately after the modification and either ntfs_index_entry_mark_dirty()
 * or ntfs_index_entry_write() before the call to ntfs_index_ctx_put() to
 * ensure that the changes are written to disk.
 *
 * Locking:  - Caller must hold i_mutex on the index inode.
 *           - Each page cache page in the index allocation mapping must be
 *             locked whilst being accessed otherwise we may find a corrupt
 *             page due to it being under ->writepage at the moment which
 *             applies the mst protection fixups before writing out and then
 *             removes them again after the write is complete after which it 
 *             unlocks the page.
 */
int ntfs_index_lookup(const void *key, const int key_len,
                ntfs_index_context *ictx)
{
        VCN vcn, old_vcn;
        ntfs_inode *idx_ni = ictx->idx_ni;
        ntfs_volume *vol = idx_ni->vol;
        struct super_block *sb = vol->sb;
        ntfs_inode *base_ni = idx_ni->ext.base_ntfs_ino;
        MFT_RECORD *m;
        INDEX_ROOT *ir;
        INDEX_ENTRY *ie;
        INDEX_ALLOCATION *ia;
        u8 *index_end, *kaddr;
        ntfs_attr_search_ctx *actx;
        struct address_space *ia_mapping;
        struct page *page;
        int rc, err = 0;

        ntfs_debug("Entering.");
        BUG_ON(!NInoAttr(idx_ni));
        BUG_ON(idx_ni->type != AT_INDEX_ALLOCATION);
        BUG_ON(idx_ni->nr_extents != -1);
        BUG_ON(!base_ni);
        BUG_ON(!key);
        BUG_ON(key_len <= 0);
        if (!ntfs_is_collation_rule_supported(
                        idx_ni->itype.index.collation_rule)) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Index uses unsupported collation rule 0x%x.  "
                                "Aborting lookup.", le32_to_cpu(
                                idx_ni->itype.index.collation_rule));
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
        }
        /* Get hold of the mft record for the index inode. */
        m = map_mft_record(base_ni);
        if (IS_ERR(m)) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "map_mft_record() failed with error code %ld.",
                                -PTR_ERR(m));
                return PTR_ERR(m);
        }
        actx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(base_ni, m);
        if (unlikely(!actx)) {
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto err_out;
        }
        /* Find the index root attribute in the mft record. */
        err = ntfs_attr_lookup(AT_INDEX_ROOT, idx_ni->name, idx_ni->name_len,
                        CASE_SENSITIVE, 0, NULL, 0, actx);
        if (unlikely(err)) {
                if (err == -ENOENT) {
                        ntfs_error(sb, "Index root attribute missing in inode "
                                        "0x%lx.", idx_ni->mft_no);
                        err = -EIO;
                }
                goto err_out;
        }
        /* Get to the index root value (it has been verified in read_inode). */
        ir = (INDEX_ROOT*)((u8*)actx->attr +
                        le16_to_cpu(actx->attr->data.resident.value_offset));
        index_end = (u8*)&ir->index + le32_to_cpu(ir->index.index_length);
        /* The first index entry. */
        ie = (INDEX_ENTRY*)((u8*)&ir->index +
                        le32_to_cpu(ir->index.entries_offset));
        /*
         * Loop until we exceed valid memory (corruption case) or until we
         * reach the last entry.
         */
        for (;; ie = (INDEX_ENTRY*)((u8*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length))) {
                /* Bounds checks. */
                if ((u8*)ie < (u8*)actx->mrec || (u8*)ie +
                                sizeof(INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER) > index_end ||
                                (u8*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length) > index_end)
                        goto idx_err_out;
                /*
                 * The last entry cannot contain a key.  It can however contain
                 * a pointer to a child node in the B+tree so we just break out.
                 */
                if (ie->flags & INDEX_ENTRY_END)
                        break;
                /* Further bounds checks. */
                if ((u32)sizeof(INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER) +
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->key_length) >
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_offset) ||
                                (u32)le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_offset) +
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_length) >
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->length))
                        goto idx_err_out;
                /* If the keys match perfectly, we setup @ictx and return 0. */
                if ((key_len == le16_to_cpu(ie->key_length)) && !memcmp(key,
                                &ie->key, key_len)) {
ir_done:
                        ictx->is_in_root = true;
                        ictx->ir = ir;
                        ictx->actx = actx;
                        ictx->base_ni = base_ni;
                        ictx->ia = NULL;
                        ictx->page = NULL;
done:
                        ictx->entry = ie;
                        ictx->data = (u8*)ie +
                                        le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_offset);
                        ictx->data_len = le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_length);
                        ntfs_debug("Done.");
                        return err;
                }
                /*
                 * Not a perfect match, need to do full blown collation so we
                 * know which way in the B+tree we have to go.
                 */
                rc = ntfs_collate(vol, idx_ni->itype.index.collation_rule, key,
                                key_len, &ie->key, le16_to_cpu(ie->key_length));
                /*
                 * If @key collates before the key of the current entry, there
                 * is definitely no such key in this index but we might need to
                 * descend into the B+tree so we just break out of the loop.
                 */
                if (rc == -1)
                        break;
                /*
                 * A match should never happen as the memcmp() call should have
                 * cought it, but we still treat it correctly.
                 */
                if (!rc)
                        goto ir_done;
                /* The keys are not equal, continue the search. */
        }
        /*
         * We have finished with this index without success.  Check for the
         * presence of a child node and if not present setup @ictx and return
         * -ENOENT.
         */
        if (!(ie->flags & INDEX_ENTRY_NODE)) {
                ntfs_debug("Entry not found.");
                err = -ENOENT;
                goto ir_done;
        } /* Child node present, descend into it. */
        /* Consistency check: Verify that an index allocation exists. */
        if (!NInoIndexAllocPresent(idx_ni)) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "No index allocation attribute but index entry "
                                "requires one.  Inode 0x%lx is corrupt or "
                                "driver bug.", idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto err_out;
        }
        /* Get the starting vcn of the index_block holding the child node. */
        vcn = sle64_to_cpup((sle64*)((u8*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length) - 8));
        ia_mapping = VFS_I(idx_ni)->i_mapping;
        /*
         * We are done with the index root and the mft record.  Release them,
         * otherwise we deadlock with ntfs_map_page().
         */
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(actx);
        unmap_mft_record(base_ni);
        m = NULL;
        actx = NULL;
descend_into_child_node:
        /*
         * Convert vcn to index into the index allocation attribute in units
         * of PAGE_CACHE_SIZE and map the page cache page, reading it from
         * disk if necessary.
         */
        page = ntfs_map_page(ia_mapping, vcn <<
                        idx_ni->itype.index.vcn_size_bits >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT);
        if (IS_ERR(page)) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Failed to map index page, error %ld.",
                                -PTR_ERR(page));
                err = PTR_ERR(page);
                goto err_out;
        }
        lock_page(page);
        kaddr = (u8*)page_address(page);
fast_descend_into_child_node:
        /* Get to the index allocation block. */
        ia = (INDEX_ALLOCATION*)(kaddr + ((vcn <<
                        idx_ni->itype.index.vcn_size_bits) & ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK));
        /* Bounds checks. */
        if ((u8*)ia < kaddr || (u8*)ia > kaddr + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Out of bounds check failed.  Corrupt inode "
                                "0x%lx or driver bug.", idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        /* Catch multi sector transfer fixup errors. */
        if (unlikely(!ntfs_is_indx_record(ia->magic))) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Index record with vcn 0x%llx is corrupt.  "
                                "Corrupt inode 0x%lx.  Run chkdsk.",
                                (long long)vcn, idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        if (sle64_to_cpu(ia->index_block_vcn) != vcn) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Actual VCN (0x%llx) of index buffer is "
                                "different from expected VCN (0x%llx).  Inode "
                                "0x%lx is corrupt or driver bug.",
                                (unsigned long long)
                                sle64_to_cpu(ia->index_block_vcn),
                                (unsigned long long)vcn, idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        if (le32_to_cpu(ia->index.allocated_size) + 0x18 !=
                        idx_ni->itype.index.block_size) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Index buffer (VCN 0x%llx) of inode 0x%lx has "
                                "a size (%u) differing from the index "
                                "specified size (%u).  Inode is corrupt or "
                                "driver bug.", (unsigned long long)vcn,
                                idx_ni->mft_no,
                                le32_to_cpu(ia->index.allocated_size) + 0x18,
                                idx_ni->itype.index.block_size);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        index_end = (u8*)ia + idx_ni->itype.index.block_size;
        if (index_end > kaddr + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Index buffer (VCN 0x%llx) of inode 0x%lx "
                                "crosses page boundary.  Impossible!  Cannot "
                                "access!  This is probably a bug in the "
                                "driver.", (unsigned long long)vcn,
                                idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        index_end = (u8*)&ia->index + le32_to_cpu(ia->index.index_length);
        if (index_end > (u8*)ia + idx_ni->itype.index.block_size) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Size of index buffer (VCN 0x%llx) of inode "
                                "0x%lx exceeds maximum size.",
                                (unsigned long long)vcn, idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        /* The first index entry. */
        ie = (INDEX_ENTRY*)((u8*)&ia->index +
                        le32_to_cpu(ia->index.entries_offset));
        /*
         * Iterate similar to above big loop but applied to index buffer, thus
         * loop until we exceed valid memory (corruption case) or until we
         * reach the last entry.
         */
        for (;; ie = (INDEX_ENTRY*)((u8*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length))) {
                /* Bounds checks. */
                if ((u8*)ie < (u8*)ia || (u8*)ie +
                                sizeof(INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER) > index_end ||
                                (u8*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length) > index_end) {
                        ntfs_error(sb, "Index entry out of bounds in inode "
                                        "0x%lx.", idx_ni->mft_no);
                        goto unm_err_out;
                }
                /*
                 * The last entry cannot contain a key.  It can however contain
                 * a pointer to a child node in the B+tree so we just break out.
                 */
                if (ie->flags & INDEX_ENTRY_END)
                        break;
                /* Further bounds checks. */
                if ((u32)sizeof(INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER) +
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->key_length) >
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_offset) ||
                                (u32)le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_offset) +
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->data.vi.data_length) >
                                le16_to_cpu(ie->length)) {
                        ntfs_error(sb, "Index entry out of bounds in inode "
                                        "0x%lx.", idx_ni->mft_no);
                        goto unm_err_out;
                }
                /* If the keys match perfectly, we setup @ictx and return 0. */
                if ((key_len == le16_to_cpu(ie->key_length)) && !memcmp(key,
                                &ie->key, key_len)) {
ia_done:
                        ictx->is_in_root = false;
                        ictx->actx = NULL;
                        ictx->base_ni = NULL;
                        ictx->ia = ia;
                        ictx->page = page;
                        goto done;
                }
                /*
                 * Not a perfect match, need to do full blown collation so we
                 * know which way in the B+tree we have to go.
                 */
                rc = ntfs_collate(vol, idx_ni->itype.index.collation_rule, key,
                                key_len, &ie->key, le16_to_cpu(ie->key_length));
                /*
                 * If @key collates before the key of the current entry, there
                 * is definitely no such key in this index but we might need to
                 * descend into the B+tree so we just break out of the loop.
                 */
                if (rc == -1)
                        break;
                /*
                 * A match should never happen as the memcmp() call should have
                 * cought it, but we still treat it correctly.
                 */
                if (!rc)
                        goto ia_done;
                /* The keys are not equal, continue the search. */
        }
        /*
         * We have finished with this index buffer without success.  Check for
         * the presence of a child node and if not present return -ENOENT.
         */
        if (!(ie->flags & INDEX_ENTRY_NODE)) {
                ntfs_debug("Entry not found.");
                err = -ENOENT;
                goto ia_done;
        }
        if ((ia->index.flags & NODE_MASK) == LEAF_NODE) {
                ntfs_error(sb, "Index entry with child node found in a leaf "
                                "node in inode 0x%lx.", idx_ni->mft_no);
                goto unm_err_out;
        }
        /* Child node present, descend into it. */
        old_vcn = vcn;
        vcn = sle64_to_cpup((sle64*)((u8*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length) - 8));
        if (vcn >= 0) {
                /*
                 * If vcn is in the same page cache page as old_vcn we recycle
                 * the mapped page.
                 */
                if (old_vcn << vol->cluster_size_bits >>
                                PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT == vcn <<
                                vol->cluster_size_bits >>
                                PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT)
                        goto fast_descend_into_child_node;
                unlock_page(page);
                ntfs_unmap_page(page);
                goto descend_into_child_node;
        }
        ntfs_error(sb, "Negative child node vcn in inode 0x%lx.",
                        idx_ni->mft_no);
unm_err_out:
        unlock_page(page);
        ntfs_unmap_page(page);
err_out:
        if (!err)
                err = -EIO;
        if (actx)
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(actx);
        if (m)
                unmap_mft_record(base_ni);
        return err;
idx_err_out:
        ntfs_error(sb, "Corrupt index.  Aborting lookup.");
        goto err_out;
}