linux/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
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   1/*
   2 *
   3 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   4 *
   5 *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
   6 */
   7
   8#include <linux/module.h>
   9#include <linux/signal.h>
  10#include <linux/sched.h>
  11#include <linux/kernel.h>
  12#include <linux/errno.h>
  13#include <linux/string.h>
  14#include <linux/types.h>
  15#include <linux/ptrace.h>
  16#include <linux/mman.h>
  17#include <linux/mm.h>
  18#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  19#include <linux/swap.h>
  20#include <linux/smp.h>
  21#include <linux/init.h>
  22#include <linux/highmem.h>
  23#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  24#include <linux/pci.h>
  25#include <linux/pfn.h>
  26#include <linux/poison.h>
  27#include <linux/bootmem.h>
  28#include <linux/memblock.h>
  29#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  30#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
  31#include <linux/initrd.h>
  32#include <linux/cpumask.h>
  33#include <linux/gfp.h>
  34
  35#include <asm/asm.h>
  36#include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
  37#include <asm/processor.h>
  38#include <asm/uaccess.h>
  39#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  40#include <asm/dma.h>
  41#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  42#include <asm/e820.h>
  43#include <asm/apic.h>
  44#include <asm/bugs.h>
  45#include <asm/tlb.h>
  46#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  47#include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
  48#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  49#include <asm/sections.h>
  50#include <asm/paravirt.h>
  51#include <asm/setup.h>
  52#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  53#include <asm/page_types.h>
  54#include <asm/init.h>
  55
  56unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
  57
  58static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
  59
  60bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
  61
  62static __init void *alloc_low_page(void)
  63{
  64        unsigned long pfn = pgt_buf_end++;
  65        void *adr;
  66
  67        if (pfn >= pgt_buf_top)
  68                panic("alloc_low_page: ran out of memory");
  69
  70        adr = __va(pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
  71        clear_page(adr);
  72        return adr;
  73}
  74
  75/*
  76 * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
  77 * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
  78 * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
  79 */
  80static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
  81{
  82        pud_t *pud;
  83        pmd_t *pmd_table;
  84
  85#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
  86        if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  87                if (after_bootmem)
  88                        pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
  89                else
  90                        pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
  91                paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  92                set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
  93                pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  94                BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
  95
  96                return pmd_table;
  97        }
  98#endif
  99        pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
 100        pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
 101
 102        return pmd_table;
 103}
 104
 105/*
 106 * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
 107 * directory entry:
 108 */
 109static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
 110{
 111        if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
 112                pte_t *page_table = NULL;
 113
 114                if (after_bootmem) {
 115#if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) || defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK)
 116                        page_table = (pte_t *) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 117#endif
 118                        if (!page_table)
 119                                page_table =
 120                                (pte_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 121                } else
 122                        page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
 123
 124                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 125                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
 126                BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 127        }
 128
 129        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
 130}
 131
 132pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
 133{
 134        int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 135        int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 136
 137        return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
 138}
 139
 140pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 141{
 142        int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
 143        pmd_t *pmd;
 144
 145        pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
 146        return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
 147}
 148
 149static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
 150                                           unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte)
 151{
 152#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 153        /*
 154         * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
 155         * page here, which causes the page table allocation
 156         * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
 157         * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
 158         */
 159        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 160        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 161
 162        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
 163            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
 164            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end
 165            && ((__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) < pgt_buf_start
 166                || (__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) >= pgt_buf_end)) {
 167                pte_t *newpte;
 168                int i;
 169
 170                BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
 171                newpte = alloc_low_page();
 172                for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
 173                        set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
 174
 175                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 176                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
 177                BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 178                __flush_tlb_all();
 179
 180                paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 181                pte = newpte;
 182        }
 183        BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
 184               && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
 185               && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
 186#endif
 187        return pte;
 188}
 189
 190/*
 191 * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
 192 * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
 193 * the given range.
 194 *
 195 * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
 196 * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
 197 * checking the pgd every time.
 198 */
 199static void __init
 200page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
 201{
 202        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 203        unsigned long vaddr;
 204        pgd_t *pgd;
 205        pmd_t *pmd;
 206        pte_t *pte = NULL;
 207
 208        vaddr = start;
 209        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 210        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 211        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 212
 213        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 214                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 215                pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
 216                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 217                                                        pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 218                        pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
 219                                                    pmd, vaddr, pte);
 220
 221                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 222                }
 223                pmd_idx = 0;
 224        }
 225}
 226
 227static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
 228{
 229        if (addr >= (unsigned long)_text && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
 230                return 1;
 231        return 0;
 232}
 233
 234/*
 235 * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
 236 * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
 237 * PAGE_OFFSET:
 238 */
 239unsigned long __init
 240kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
 241                             unsigned long end,
 242                             unsigned long page_size_mask)
 243{
 244        int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
 245        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 246        unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 247        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 248        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
 249        unsigned long pfn;
 250        pgd_t *pgd;
 251        pmd_t *pmd;
 252        pte_t *pte;
 253        unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
 254        int mapping_iter;
 255
 256        start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 257        end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 258
 259        /*
 260         * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
 261         * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
 262         * the early code in head_32.S
 263         *
 264         * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
 265         * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
 266         *
 267         * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
 268         *
 269         *     "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
 270         *      that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
 271         *      and either the page frame or attributes."
 272         */
 273        mapping_iter = 1;
 274
 275        if (!cpu_has_pse)
 276                use_pse = 0;
 277
 278repeat:
 279        pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
 280        pfn = start_pfn;
 281        pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 282        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 283        for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 284                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 285
 286                if (pfn >= end_pfn)
 287                        continue;
 288#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 289                pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 290                pmd += pmd_idx;
 291#else
 292                pmd_idx = 0;
 293#endif
 294                for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
 295                     pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 296                        unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
 297
 298                        /*
 299                         * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
 300                         * create normal page tables:
 301                         */
 302                        if (use_pse) {
 303                                unsigned int addr2;
 304                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
 305                                /*
 306                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 307                                 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
 308                                 */
 309                                pgprot_t init_prot =
 310                                        __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
 311                                                 _PAGE_PSE);
 312
 313                                addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
 314                                        PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
 315
 316                                if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
 317                                    is_kernel_text(addr2))
 318                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
 319
 320                                pages_2m++;
 321                                if (mapping_iter == 1)
 322                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
 323                                else
 324                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
 325
 326                                pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
 327                                continue;
 328                        }
 329                        pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
 330
 331                        pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 332                        pte += pte_ofs;
 333                        for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
 334                             pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 335                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 336                                /*
 337                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 338                                 * identity mapping attribute.
 339                                 */
 340                                pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
 341
 342                                if (is_kernel_text(addr))
 343                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
 344
 345                                pages_4k++;
 346                                if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 347                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
 348                                        last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
 349                                } else
 350                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
 351                        }
 352                }
 353        }
 354        if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 355                /*
 356                 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
 357                 * iteration.
 358                 */
 359                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
 360                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
 361
 362                /*
 363                 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
 364                 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
 365                 */
 366                __flush_tlb_all();
 367
 368                /*
 369                 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
 370                 */
 371                mapping_iter = 2;
 372                goto repeat;
 373        }
 374        return last_map_addr;
 375}
 376
 377pte_t *kmap_pte;
 378pgprot_t kmap_prot;
 379
 380static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 381{
 382        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
 383                        vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
 384}
 385
 386static void __init kmap_init(void)
 387{
 388        unsigned long kmap_vstart;
 389
 390        /*
 391         * Cache the first kmap pte:
 392         */
 393        kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
 394        kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
 395
 396        kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 397}
 398
 399#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 400static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 401{
 402        unsigned long vaddr;
 403        pgd_t *pgd;
 404        pud_t *pud;
 405        pmd_t *pmd;
 406        pte_t *pte;
 407
 408        vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
 409        page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
 410
 411        pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
 412        pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
 413        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
 414        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
 415        pkmap_page_table = pte;
 416}
 417
 418static void __init add_one_highpage_init(struct page *page)
 419{
 420        ClearPageReserved(page);
 421        init_page_count(page);
 422        __free_page(page);
 423        totalhigh_pages++;
 424}
 425
 426void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid,
 427                         unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
 428{
 429        phys_addr_t start, end;
 430        u64 i;
 431
 432        for_each_free_mem_range(i, nid, &start, &end, NULL) {
 433                unsigned long pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_UP(start),
 434                                            start_pfn, end_pfn);
 435                unsigned long e_pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_DOWN(end),
 436                                              start_pfn, end_pfn);
 437                for ( ; pfn < e_pfn; pfn++)
 438                        if (pfn_valid(pfn))
 439                                add_one_highpage_init(pfn_to_page(pfn));
 440        }
 441}
 442#else
 443static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 444{
 445}
 446#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 447
 448void __init native_pagetable_setup_start(pgd_t *base)
 449{
 450        unsigned long pfn, va;
 451        pgd_t *pgd;
 452        pud_t *pud;
 453        pmd_t *pmd;
 454        pte_t *pte;
 455
 456        /*
 457         * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
 458         * memory from the boot time page table:
 459         */
 460        for (pfn = max_low_pfn + 1; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
 461                va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 462                pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
 463                if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
 464                        break;
 465
 466                pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
 467                pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
 468                if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
 469                        break;
 470
 471                pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
 472                if (!pte_present(*pte))
 473                        break;
 474
 475                pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
 476        }
 477        paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 478}
 479
 480void __init native_pagetable_setup_done(pgd_t *base)
 481{
 482}
 483
 484/*
 485 * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings.  Up until this
 486 * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
 487 * the boot process.
 488 *
 489 * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
 490 * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S.  The root of the
 491 * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
 492 *
 493 * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
 494 * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
 495 * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir.  In any case,
 496 * paravirt_pagetable_setup_start() will set up swapper_pg_dir
 497 * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
 498 *
 499 * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
 500 * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
 501 * mappings.
 502 */
 503void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
 504{
 505        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 506        unsigned long vaddr, end;
 507
 508        /*
 509         * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
 510         * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
 511         */
 512        vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 513        end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 514        page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
 515        early_ioremap_reset();
 516}
 517
 518static void __init pagetable_init(void)
 519{
 520        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 521
 522        permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
 523}
 524
 525pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL | _PAGE_IOMAP);
 526EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
 527
 528/* user-defined highmem size */
 529static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
 530
 531/*
 532 * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
 533 * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
 534 * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
 535 */
 536static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
 537{
 538        if (!arg)
 539                return -EINVAL;
 540
 541        highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 542        return 0;
 543}
 544early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
 545
 546#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
 547        "highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
 548
 549#define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 550        "highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
 551/*
 552 * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
 553 * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
 554 * it:
 555 */
 556void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
 557{
 558        /* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
 559        max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
 560
 561        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 562                highmem_pages = 0;
 563#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 564        if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
 565                printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
 566                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
 567                highmem_pages = 0;
 568        }
 569        if (highmem_pages) {
 570                if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
 571                        printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 572                                pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 573                        highmem_pages = 0;
 574                }
 575                max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
 576        }
 577#else
 578        if (highmem_pages)
 579                printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
 580#endif
 581}
 582
 583#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 584        "only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
 585
 586#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
 587        "Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
 588/*
 589 * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
 590 * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
 591 */
 592void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
 593{
 594        max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 595
 596        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 597                highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
 598
 599        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
 600                max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
 601
 602        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
 603                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 604                        pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
 605                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 606                highmem_pages = 0;
 607        }
 608#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 609        /* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
 610        printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
 611        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
 612                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
 613        else
 614                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
 615        max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 616#else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 617#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
 618        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
 619                max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
 620                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
 621        }
 622#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
 623#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 624}
 625
 626/*
 627 * Determine low and high memory ranges:
 628 */
 629void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
 630{
 631        /* it could update max_pfn */
 632
 633        if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
 634                lowmem_pfn_init();
 635        else
 636                highmem_pfn_init();
 637}
 638
 639#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 640void __init initmem_init(void)
 641{
 642#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 643        highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
 644        if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 645                highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 646        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
 647                pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
 648        num_physpages = highend_pfn;
 649        high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 650#else
 651        num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
 652        high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 653#endif
 654
 655        memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t)ULLONG_MAX, 0);
 656        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
 657
 658#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 659        max_mapnr = num_physpages;
 660#endif
 661        __vmalloc_start_set = true;
 662
 663        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
 664                        pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
 665
 666        setup_bootmem_allocator();
 667}
 668#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 669
 670void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
 671{
 672        printk(KERN_INFO "  mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
 673                 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 674        printk(KERN_INFO "  low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 675
 676        after_bootmem = 1;
 677}
 678
 679/*
 680 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
 681 * already mapped by head.S.
 682 *
 683 * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
 684 * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
 685 */
 686void __init paging_init(void)
 687{
 688        pagetable_init();
 689
 690        __flush_tlb_all();
 691
 692        kmap_init();
 693
 694        /*
 695         * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
 696         */
 697        olpc_dt_build_devicetree();
 698        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES);
 699        sparse_init();
 700        zone_sizes_init();
 701}
 702
 703/*
 704 * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
 705 * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
 706 * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
 707 * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
 708 */
 709static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
 710{
 711        printk(KERN_INFO
 712  "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
 713
 714        /* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
 715        __set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_READONLY);
 716        boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
 717        clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
 718
 719        if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
 720                printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
 721#ifdef CONFIG_X86_WP_WORKS_OK
 722                panic(
 723  "This kernel doesn't support CPU's with broken WP. Recompile it for a 386!");
 724#endif
 725        } else {
 726                printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
 727        }
 728}
 729
 730void __init mem_init(void)
 731{
 732        int codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
 733        int tmp;
 734
 735        pci_iommu_alloc();
 736
 737#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 738        BUG_ON(!mem_map);
 739#endif
 740        /*
 741         * With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC initialization of highmem pages has to
 742         * be done before free_all_bootmem(). Memblock use free low memory for
 743         * temporary data (see find_range_array()) and for this purpose can use
 744         * pages that was already passed to the buddy allocator, hence marked as
 745         * not accessible in the page tables when compiled with
 746         * CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC. Otherwise order of initialization is not
 747         * important here.
 748         */
 749        set_highmem_pages_init();
 750
 751        /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
 752        totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
 753
 754        reservedpages = 0;
 755        for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
 756                /*
 757                 * Only count reserved RAM pages:
 758                 */
 759                if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(pfn_to_page(tmp)))
 760                        reservedpages++;
 761
 762        codesize =  (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
 763        datasize =  (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_etext;
 764        initsize =  (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
 765
 766        printk(KERN_INFO "Memory: %luk/%luk available (%dk kernel code, "
 767                        "%dk reserved, %dk data, %dk init, %ldk highmem)\n",
 768                nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 769                num_physpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 770                codesize >> 10,
 771                reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 772                datasize >> 10,
 773                initsize >> 10,
 774                totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10));
 775
 776        printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
 777                "    fixmap  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 778#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 779                "    pkmap   : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 780#endif
 781                "    vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 782                "    lowmem  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 783                "      .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 784                "      .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 785                "      .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n",
 786                FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
 787                (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
 788
 789#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 790                PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
 791                (LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
 792#endif
 793
 794                VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
 795                (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
 796
 797                (unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
 798                ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
 799
 800                (unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
 801                ((unsigned long)&__init_end -
 802                 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
 803
 804                (unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
 805                ((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
 806
 807                (unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
 808                ((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
 809
 810        /*
 811         * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
 812         * be detected at build time already.
 813         */
 814#define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
 815#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 816        BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE  > FIXADDR_START);
 817        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                        > PKMAP_BASE);
 818#endif
 819#define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
 820        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                      >= VMALLOC_END);
 821#undef high_memory
 822#undef __FIXADDR_TOP
 823
 824#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 825        BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE        > FIXADDR_START);
 826        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                              > PKMAP_BASE);
 827#endif
 828        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                            >= VMALLOC_END);
 829        BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory               > VMALLOC_START);
 830
 831        if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
 832                test_wp_bit();
 833}
 834
 835#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 836int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
 837{
 838        struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
 839        struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones + ZONE_HIGHMEM;
 840        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 841        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 842
 843        return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 844}
 845#endif
 846
 847/*
 848 * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
 849 * section.  Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
 850 */
 851static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
 852{
 853        char tmp_reg;
 854        int flag;
 855
 856        __asm__ __volatile__(
 857                "       movb %0, %1     \n"
 858                "1:     movb %1, %0     \n"
 859                "       xorl %2, %2     \n"
 860                "2:                     \n"
 861                _ASM_EXTABLE(1b,2b)
 862                :"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
 863                 "=q" (tmp_reg),
 864                 "=r" (flag)
 865                :"2" (1)
 866                :"memory");
 867
 868        return flag;
 869}
 870
 871#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
 872const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
 873EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
 874
 875int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
 876
 877void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
 878{
 879        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 880        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 881
 882        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 883                return;
 884
 885        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
 886                 start, start+size);
 887
 888        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 889}
 890
 891void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
 892{
 893        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 894        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 895
 896        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 897                return;
 898
 899        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
 900                 start, start+size);
 901
 902        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 903}
 904
 905static void mark_nxdata_nx(void)
 906{
 907        /*
 908         * When this called, init has already been executed and released,
 909         * so everything past _etext should be NX.
 910         */
 911        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_etext);
 912        /*
 913         * This comes from is_kernel_text upper limit. Also HPAGE where used:
 914         */
 915        unsigned long size = (((unsigned long)__init_end + HPAGE_SIZE) & HPAGE_MASK) - start;
 916
 917        if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 918                printk(KERN_INFO "NX-protecting the kernel data: %luk\n", size >> 10);
 919        set_pages_nx(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 920}
 921
 922void mark_rodata_ro(void)
 923{
 924        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 925        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 926
 927        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 928        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
 929                size >> 10);
 930
 931        kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
 932
 933#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 934        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
 935                start, start+size);
 936        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 937
 938        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 939        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 940#endif
 941
 942        start += size;
 943        size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
 944        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 945        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
 946                size >> 10);
 947        rodata_test();
 948
 949#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 950        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
 951        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 952
 953        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 954        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 955#endif
 956        mark_nxdata_nx();
 957}
 958#endif
 959
 960