/*
 *      Intel CPU Microcode Update Driver for Linux
 *
 *      Copyright (C) 2000-2006 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>
 *                    2006      Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
 *
 *      This driver allows to upgrade microcode on Intel processors
 *      belonging to IA-32 family - PentiumPro, Pentium II,
 *      Pentium III, Xeon, Pentium 4, etc.
 *
 *      Reference: Section 8.11 of Volume 3a, IA-32 Intel? Architecture
 *      Software Developer's Manual
 *      Order Number 253668 or free download from:
 *
 *      http://developer.intel.com/Assets/PDF/manual/253668.pdf 
 *
 *      For more information, go to http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode
 *
 *      This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *      modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *      as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *      2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *      1.0     16 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
 *              Initial release.
 *      1.01    18 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
 *              Added read() support + cleanups.
 *      1.02    21 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
 *              Added 'device trimming' support. open(O_WRONLY) zeroes
 *              and frees the saved copy of applied microcode.
 *      1.03    29 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
 *              Made to use devfs (/dev/cpu/microcode) + cleanups.
 *      1.04    06 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
 *              Added misc device support (now uses both devfs and misc).
 *              Added MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl to clear memory.
 *      1.05    09 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
 *              Messages for error cases (non Intel & no suitable microcode).
 *      1.06    03 Aug 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Removed ->release(). Removed exclusive open and status bitmap.
 *              Added microcode_rwsem to serialize read()/write()/ioctl().
 *              Removed global kernel lock usage.
 *      1.07    07 Sep 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Write 0 to 0x8B msr and then cpuid before reading revision,
 *              so that it works even if there were no update done by the
 *              BIOS. Otherwise, reading from 0x8B gives junk (which happened
 *              to be 0 on my machine which is why it worked even when I
 *              disabled update by the BIOS)
 *              Thanks to Eric W. Biederman <ebiederman@lnxi.com> for the fix.
 *      1.08    11 Dec 2000, Richard Schaal <richard.schaal@intel.com> and
 *                           Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Intel Pentium 4 processor support and bugfixes.
 *      1.09    30 Oct 2001, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Bugfix for HT (Hyper-Threading) enabled processors
 *              whereby processor resources are shared by all logical processors
 *              in a single CPU package.
 *      1.10    28 Feb 2002 Asit K Mallick <asit.k.mallick@intel.com> and
 *              Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>,
 *              Serialize updates as required on HT processors due to
 *              speculative nature of implementation.
 *      1.11    22 Mar 2002 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Fix the panic when writing zero-length microcode chunk.
 *      1.12    29 Sep 2003 Nitin Kamble <nitin.a.kamble@intel.com>,
 *              Jun Nakajima <jun.nakajima@intel.com>
 *              Support for the microcode updates in the new format.
 *      1.13    10 Oct 2003 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Removed ->read() method and obsoleted MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl
 *              because we no longer hold a copy of applied microcode
 *              in kernel memory.
 *      1.14    25 Jun 2004 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
 *              Fix sigmatch() macro to handle old CPUs with pf == 0.
 *              Thanks to Stuart Swales for pointing out this bug.
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt

#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/syscore_ops.h>

#include <asm/microcode.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
#include <asm/perf_event.h>

MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Microcode Update Driver");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

#define MICROCODE_VERSION       "2.00"

static struct microcode_ops     *microcode_ops;

/*
 * Synchronization.
 *
 * All non cpu-hotplug-callback call sites use:
 *
 * - microcode_mutex to synchronize with each other;
 * - get/put_online_cpus() to synchronize with
 *   the cpu-hotplug-callback call sites.
 *
 * We guarantee that only a single cpu is being
 * updated at any particular moment of time.
 */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(microcode_mutex);

struct ucode_cpu_info           ucode_cpu_info[NR_CPUS];
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ucode_cpu_info);

/*
 * Operations that are run on a target cpu:
 */

struct cpu_info_ctx {
        struct cpu_signature    *cpu_sig;
        int                     err;
};

static void collect_cpu_info_local(void *arg)
{
        struct cpu_info_ctx *ctx = arg;

        ctx->err = microcode_ops->collect_cpu_info(smp_processor_id(),
                                                   ctx->cpu_sig);
}

static int collect_cpu_info_on_target(int cpu, struct cpu_signature *cpu_sig)
{
        struct cpu_info_ctx ctx = { .cpu_sig = cpu_sig, .err = 0 };
        int ret;

        ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, collect_cpu_info_local, &ctx, 1);
        if (!ret)
                ret = ctx.err;

        return ret;
}

static int collect_cpu_info(int cpu)
{
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
        int ret;

        memset(uci, 0, sizeof(*uci));

        ret = collect_cpu_info_on_target(cpu, &uci->cpu_sig);
        if (!ret)
                uci->valid = 1;

        return ret;
}

struct apply_microcode_ctx {
        int err;
};

static void apply_microcode_local(void *arg)
{
        struct apply_microcode_ctx *ctx = arg;

        ctx->err = microcode_ops->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
}

static int apply_microcode_on_target(int cpu)
{
        struct apply_microcode_ctx ctx = { .err = 0 };
        int ret;

        ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, apply_microcode_local, &ctx, 1);
        if (!ret)
                ret = ctx.err;

        return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE
static int do_microcode_update(const void __user *buf, size_t size)
{
        int error = 0;
        int cpu;

        for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
                struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
                enum ucode_state ustate;

                if (!uci->valid)
                        continue;

                ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_user(cpu, buf, size);
                if (ustate == UCODE_ERROR) {
                        error = -1;
                        break;
                } else if (ustate == UCODE_OK)
                        apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
        }

        return error;
}

static int microcode_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? nonseekable_open(inode, file) : -EPERM;
}

static ssize_t microcode_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
                               size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
{
        ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;

        if ((len >> PAGE_SHIFT) > totalram_pages) {
                pr_err("too much data (max %ld pages)\n", totalram_pages);
                return ret;
        }

        get_online_cpus();
        mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);

        if (do_microcode_update(buf, len) == 0)
                ret = (ssize_t)len;

        if (ret > 0)
                perf_check_microcode();

        mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
        put_online_cpus();

        return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations microcode_fops = {
        .owner                  = THIS_MODULE,
        .write                  = microcode_write,
        .open                   = microcode_open,
        .llseek         = no_llseek,
};

static struct miscdevice microcode_dev = {
        .minor                  = MICROCODE_MINOR,
        .name                   = "microcode",
        .nodename               = "cpu/microcode",
        .fops                   = &microcode_fops,
};

static int __init microcode_dev_init(void)
{
        int error;

        error = misc_register(&microcode_dev);
        if (error) {
                pr_err("can't misc_register on minor=%d\n", MICROCODE_MINOR);
                return error;
        }

        return 0;
}

static void __exit microcode_dev_exit(void)
{
        misc_deregister(&microcode_dev);
}

MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(MICROCODE_MINOR);
MODULE_ALIAS("devname:cpu/microcode");
#else
#define microcode_dev_init()    0
#define microcode_dev_exit()    do { } while (0)
#endif

/* fake device for request_firmware */
static struct platform_device   *microcode_pdev;

static int reload_for_cpu(int cpu)
{
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
        enum ucode_state ustate;
        int err = 0;

        if (!uci->valid)
                return err;

        ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(cpu, &microcode_pdev->dev, true);
        if (ustate == UCODE_OK)
                apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
        else
                if (ustate == UCODE_ERROR)
                        err = -EINVAL;
        return err;
}

static ssize_t reload_store(struct device *dev,
                            struct device_attribute *attr,
                            const char *buf, size_t size)
{
        unsigned long val;
        int cpu;
        ssize_t ret = 0, tmp_ret;

        ret = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &val);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        if (val != 1)
                return size;

        get_online_cpus();
        mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
        for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
                tmp_ret = reload_for_cpu(cpu);
                if (tmp_ret != 0)
                        pr_warn("Error reloading microcode on CPU %d\n", cpu);

                /* save retval of the first encountered reload error */
                if (!ret)
                        ret = tmp_ret;
        }
        if (!ret)
                perf_check_microcode();
        mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
        put_online_cpus();

        if (!ret)
                ret = size;

        return ret;
}

static ssize_t version_show(struct device *dev,
                        struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;

        return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.rev);
}

static ssize_t pf_show(struct device *dev,
                        struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;

        return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.pf);
}

static DEVICE_ATTR(reload, 0200, NULL, reload_store);
static DEVICE_ATTR(version, 0400, version_show, NULL);
static DEVICE_ATTR(processor_flags, 0400, pf_show, NULL);

static struct attribute *mc_default_attrs[] = {
        &dev_attr_version.attr,
        &dev_attr_processor_flags.attr,
        NULL
};

static struct attribute_group mc_attr_group = {
        .attrs                  = mc_default_attrs,
        .name                   = "microcode",
};

static void microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu)
{
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;

        microcode_ops->microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
        uci->valid = 0;
}

static enum ucode_state microcode_resume_cpu(int cpu)
{
        pr_debug("CPU%d updated upon resume\n", cpu);

        if (apply_microcode_on_target(cpu))
                return UCODE_ERROR;

        return UCODE_OK;
}

static enum ucode_state microcode_init_cpu(int cpu, bool refresh_fw)
{
        enum ucode_state ustate;

        if (collect_cpu_info(cpu))
                return UCODE_ERROR;

        /* --dimm. Trigger a delayed update? */
        if (system_state != SYSTEM_RUNNING)
                return UCODE_NFOUND;

        ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(cpu, &microcode_pdev->dev,
                                                     refresh_fw);

        if (ustate == UCODE_OK) {
                pr_debug("CPU%d updated upon init\n", cpu);
                apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
        }

        return ustate;
}

static enum ucode_state microcode_update_cpu(int cpu)
{
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;

        if (uci->valid)
                return microcode_resume_cpu(cpu);

        return microcode_init_cpu(cpu, false);
}

static int mc_device_add(struct device *dev, struct subsys_interface *sif)
{
        int err, cpu = dev->id;

        if (!cpu_online(cpu))
                return 0;

        pr_debug("CPU%d added\n", cpu);

        err = sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
        if (err)
                return err;

        if (microcode_init_cpu(cpu, true) == UCODE_ERROR)
                return -EINVAL;

        return err;
}

static int mc_device_remove(struct device *dev, struct subsys_interface *sif)
{
        int cpu = dev->id;

        if (!cpu_online(cpu))
                return 0;

        pr_debug("CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
        microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
        sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
        return 0;
}

static struct subsys_interface mc_cpu_interface = {
        .name                   = "microcode",
        .subsys                 = &cpu_subsys,
        .add_dev                = mc_device_add,
        .remove_dev             = mc_device_remove,
};

/**
 * mc_bp_resume - Update boot CPU microcode during resume.
 */
static void mc_bp_resume(void)
{
        int cpu = smp_processor_id();
        struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;

        if (uci->valid && uci->mc)
                microcode_ops->apply_microcode(cpu);
}

static struct syscore_ops mc_syscore_ops = {
        .resume                 = mc_bp_resume,
};

static __cpuinit int
mc_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
        unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
        struct device *dev;

        dev = get_cpu_device(cpu);

        switch (action & ~CPU_TASKS_FROZEN) {
        case CPU_ONLINE:
                microcode_update_cpu(cpu);
                pr_debug("CPU%d added\n", cpu);
                /*
                 * "break" is missing on purpose here because we want to fall
                 * through in order to create the sysfs group.
                 */

        case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
                if (sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group))
                        pr_err("Failed to create group for CPU%d\n", cpu);
                break;

        case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
                /* Suspend is in progress, only remove the interface */
                sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
                pr_debug("CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
                break;

        /*
         * case CPU_DEAD:
         *
         * When a CPU goes offline, don't free up or invalidate the copy of
         * the microcode in kernel memory, so that we can reuse it when the
         * CPU comes back online without unnecessarily requesting the userspace
         * for it again.
         */
        }

        /* The CPU refused to come up during a system resume */
        if (action == CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN)
                microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);

        return NOTIFY_OK;
}

static struct notifier_block __refdata mc_cpu_notifier = {
        .notifier_call  = mc_cpu_callback,
};

#ifdef MODULE
/* Autoload on Intel and AMD systems */
static const struct x86_cpu_id __initconst microcode_id[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_INTEL
        { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, X86_FAMILY_ANY, X86_MODEL_ANY, },
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_AMD
        { X86_VENDOR_AMD, X86_FAMILY_ANY, X86_MODEL_ANY, },
#endif
        {}
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(x86cpu, microcode_id);
#endif

static struct attribute *cpu_root_microcode_attrs[] = {
        &dev_attr_reload.attr,
        NULL
};

static struct attribute_group cpu_root_microcode_group = {
        .name  = "microcode",
        .attrs = cpu_root_microcode_attrs,
};

static int __init microcode_init(void)
{
        struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);
        int error;

        if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL)
                microcode_ops = init_intel_microcode();
        else if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
                microcode_ops = init_amd_microcode();
        else
                pr_err("no support for this CPU vendor\n");

        if (!microcode_ops)
                return -ENODEV;

        microcode_pdev = platform_device_register_simple("microcode", -1,
                                                         NULL, 0);
        if (IS_ERR(microcode_pdev))
                return PTR_ERR(microcode_pdev);

        get_online_cpus();
        mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);

        error = subsys_interface_register(&mc_cpu_interface);
        if (!error)
                perf_check_microcode();
        mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
        put_online_cpus();

        if (error)
                goto out_pdev;

        error = sysfs_create_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
                                   &cpu_root_microcode_group);

        if (error) {
                pr_err("Error creating microcode group!\n");
                goto out_driver;
        }

        error = microcode_dev_init();
        if (error)
                goto out_ucode_group;

        register_syscore_ops(&mc_syscore_ops);
        register_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);

        pr_info("Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION
                " <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba\n");

        return 0;

 out_ucode_group:
        sysfs_remove_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
                           &cpu_root_microcode_group);

 out_driver:
        get_online_cpus();
        mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);

        subsys_interface_unregister(&mc_cpu_interface);

        mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
        put_online_cpus();

 out_pdev:
        platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
        return error;

}
module_init(microcode_init);

static void __exit microcode_exit(void)
{
        struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);

        microcode_dev_exit();

        unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
        unregister_syscore_ops(&mc_syscore_ops);

        sysfs_remove_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
                           &cpu_root_microcode_group);

        get_online_cpus();
        mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);

        subsys_interface_unregister(&mc_cpu_interface);

        mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
        put_online_cpus();

        platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);

        microcode_ops = NULL;

        if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
                exit_amd_microcode();

        pr_info("Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION " removed.\n");
}
module_exit(microcode_exit);