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20
21#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
22
23#include <linux/module.h>
24#include <linux/kernel.h>
25#include <linux/mutex.h>
26#include <linux/slab.h>
27#include <linux/ftrace.h>
28#include <linux/list.h>
29#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
30#include <linux/livepatch.h>
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45struct klp_ops {
46 struct list_head node;
47 struct list_head func_stack;
48 struct ftrace_ops fops;
49};
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57static DEFINE_MUTEX(klp_mutex);
58
59static LIST_HEAD(klp_patches);
60static LIST_HEAD(klp_ops);
61
62static struct kobject *klp_root_kobj;
63
64static struct klp_ops *klp_find_ops(unsigned long old_addr)
65{
66 struct klp_ops *ops;
67 struct klp_func *func;
68
69 list_for_each_entry(ops, &klp_ops, node) {
70 func = list_first_entry(&ops->func_stack, struct klp_func,
71 stack_node);
72 if (func->old_addr == old_addr)
73 return ops;
74 }
75
76 return NULL;
77}
78
79static bool klp_is_module(struct klp_object *obj)
80{
81 return obj->name;
82}
83
84static bool klp_is_object_loaded(struct klp_object *obj)
85{
86 return !obj->name || obj->mod;
87}
88
89
90static void klp_find_object_module(struct klp_object *obj)
91{
92 struct module *mod;
93
94 if (!klp_is_module(obj))
95 return;
96
97 mutex_lock(&module_mutex);
98
99
100
101
102
103 mod = find_module(obj->name);
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111 if (mod && mod->klp_alive)
112 obj->mod = mod;
113
114 mutex_unlock(&module_mutex);
115}
116
117
118static bool klp_is_patch_registered(struct klp_patch *patch)
119{
120 struct klp_patch *mypatch;
121
122 list_for_each_entry(mypatch, &klp_patches, list)
123 if (mypatch == patch)
124 return true;
125
126 return false;
127}
128
129static bool klp_initialized(void)
130{
131 return klp_root_kobj;
132}
133
134struct klp_find_arg {
135 const char *objname;
136 const char *name;
137 unsigned long addr;
138
139
140
141
142
143
144 unsigned long count;
145};
146
147static int klp_find_callback(void *data, const char *name,
148 struct module *mod, unsigned long addr)
149{
150 struct klp_find_arg *args = data;
151
152 if ((mod && !args->objname) || (!mod && args->objname))
153 return 0;
154
155 if (strcmp(args->name, name))
156 return 0;
157
158 if (args->objname && strcmp(args->objname, mod->name))
159 return 0;
160
161
162
163
164
165
166 args->addr = addr;
167 args->count++;
168
169 return 0;
170}
171
172static int klp_find_object_symbol(const char *objname, const char *name,
173 unsigned long *addr)
174{
175 struct klp_find_arg args = {
176 .objname = objname,
177 .name = name,
178 .addr = 0,
179 .count = 0
180 };
181
182 kallsyms_on_each_symbol(klp_find_callback, &args);
183
184 if (args.count == 0)
185 pr_err("symbol '%s' not found in symbol table\n", name);
186 else if (args.count > 1)
187 pr_err("unresolvable ambiguity (%lu matches) on symbol '%s' in object '%s'\n",
188 args.count, name, objname);
189 else {
190 *addr = args.addr;
191 return 0;
192 }
193
194 *addr = 0;
195 return -EINVAL;
196}
197
198struct klp_verify_args {
199 const char *name;
200 const unsigned long addr;
201};
202
203static int klp_verify_callback(void *data, const char *name,
204 struct module *mod, unsigned long addr)
205{
206 struct klp_verify_args *args = data;
207
208 if (!mod &&
209 !strcmp(args->name, name) &&
210 args->addr == addr)
211 return 1;
212
213 return 0;
214}
215
216static int klp_verify_vmlinux_symbol(const char *name, unsigned long addr)
217{
218 struct klp_verify_args args = {
219 .name = name,
220 .addr = addr,
221 };
222
223 if (kallsyms_on_each_symbol(klp_verify_callback, &args))
224 return 0;
225
226 pr_err("symbol '%s' not found at specified address 0x%016lx, kernel mismatch?\n",
227 name, addr);
228 return -EINVAL;
229}
230
231static int klp_find_verify_func_addr(struct klp_object *obj,
232 struct klp_func *func)
233{
234 int ret;
235
236#if defined(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE)
237
238 func->old_addr = 0;
239#endif
240
241 if (!func->old_addr || klp_is_module(obj))
242 ret = klp_find_object_symbol(obj->name, func->old_name,
243 &func->old_addr);
244 else
245 ret = klp_verify_vmlinux_symbol(func->old_name,
246 func->old_addr);
247
248 return ret;
249}
250
251
252
253
254
255static int klp_find_external_symbol(struct module *pmod, const char *name,
256 unsigned long *addr)
257{
258 const struct kernel_symbol *sym;
259
260
261 preempt_disable();
262 sym = find_symbol(name, NULL, NULL, true, true);
263 if (sym) {
264 *addr = sym->value;
265 preempt_enable();
266 return 0;
267 }
268 preempt_enable();
269
270
271 return klp_find_object_symbol(pmod->name, name, addr);
272}
273
274static int klp_write_object_relocations(struct module *pmod,
275 struct klp_object *obj)
276{
277 int ret;
278 struct klp_reloc *reloc;
279
280 if (WARN_ON(!klp_is_object_loaded(obj)))
281 return -EINVAL;
282
283 if (WARN_ON(!obj->relocs))
284 return -EINVAL;
285
286 for (reloc = obj->relocs; reloc->name; reloc++) {
287 if (!klp_is_module(obj)) {
288 ret = klp_verify_vmlinux_symbol(reloc->name,
289 reloc->val);
290 if (ret)
291 return ret;
292 } else {
293
294 if (reloc->external)
295 ret = klp_find_external_symbol(pmod,
296 reloc->name,
297 &reloc->val);
298 else
299 ret = klp_find_object_symbol(obj->mod->name,
300 reloc->name,
301 &reloc->val);
302 if (ret)
303 return ret;
304 }
305 ret = klp_write_module_reloc(pmod, reloc->type, reloc->loc,
306 reloc->val + reloc->addend);
307 if (ret) {
308 pr_err("relocation failed for symbol '%s' at 0x%016lx (%d)\n",
309 reloc->name, reloc->val, ret);
310 return ret;
311 }
312 }
313
314 return 0;
315}
316
317static void notrace klp_ftrace_handler(unsigned long ip,
318 unsigned long parent_ip,
319 struct ftrace_ops *fops,
320 struct pt_regs *regs)
321{
322 struct klp_ops *ops;
323 struct klp_func *func;
324
325 ops = container_of(fops, struct klp_ops, fops);
326
327 rcu_read_lock();
328 func = list_first_or_null_rcu(&ops->func_stack, struct klp_func,
329 stack_node);
330 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!func))
331 goto unlock;
332
333 klp_arch_set_pc(regs, (unsigned long)func->new_func);
334unlock:
335 rcu_read_unlock();
336}
337
338static void klp_disable_func(struct klp_func *func)
339{
340 struct klp_ops *ops;
341
342 WARN_ON(func->state != KLP_ENABLED);
343 WARN_ON(!func->old_addr);
344
345 ops = klp_find_ops(func->old_addr);
346 if (WARN_ON(!ops))
347 return;
348
349 if (list_is_singular(&ops->func_stack)) {
350 WARN_ON(unregister_ftrace_function(&ops->fops));
351 WARN_ON(ftrace_set_filter_ip(&ops->fops, func->old_addr, 1, 0));
352
353 list_del_rcu(&func->stack_node);
354 list_del(&ops->node);
355 kfree(ops);
356 } else {
357 list_del_rcu(&func->stack_node);
358 }
359
360 func->state = KLP_DISABLED;
361}
362
363static int klp_enable_func(struct klp_func *func)
364{
365 struct klp_ops *ops;
366 int ret;
367
368 if (WARN_ON(!func->old_addr))
369 return -EINVAL;
370
371 if (WARN_ON(func->state != KLP_DISABLED))
372 return -EINVAL;
373
374 ops = klp_find_ops(func->old_addr);
375 if (!ops) {
376 ops = kzalloc(sizeof(*ops), GFP_KERNEL);
377 if (!ops)
378 return -ENOMEM;
379
380 ops->fops.func = klp_ftrace_handler;
381 ops->fops.flags = FTRACE_OPS_FL_SAVE_REGS |
382 FTRACE_OPS_FL_DYNAMIC |
383 FTRACE_OPS_FL_IPMODIFY;
384
385 list_add(&ops->node, &klp_ops);
386
387 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ops->func_stack);
388 list_add_rcu(&func->stack_node, &ops->func_stack);
389
390 ret = ftrace_set_filter_ip(&ops->fops, func->old_addr, 0, 0);
391 if (ret) {
392 pr_err("failed to set ftrace filter for function '%s' (%d)\n",
393 func->old_name, ret);
394 goto err;
395 }
396
397 ret = register_ftrace_function(&ops->fops);
398 if (ret) {
399 pr_err("failed to register ftrace handler for function '%s' (%d)\n",
400 func->old_name, ret);
401 ftrace_set_filter_ip(&ops->fops, func->old_addr, 1, 0);
402 goto err;
403 }
404
405
406 } else {
407 list_add_rcu(&func->stack_node, &ops->func_stack);
408 }
409
410 func->state = KLP_ENABLED;
411
412 return 0;
413
414err:
415 list_del_rcu(&func->stack_node);
416 list_del(&ops->node);
417 kfree(ops);
418 return ret;
419}
420
421static void klp_disable_object(struct klp_object *obj)
422{
423 struct klp_func *func;
424
425 for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name; func++)
426 if (func->state == KLP_ENABLED)
427 klp_disable_func(func);
428
429 obj->state = KLP_DISABLED;
430}
431
432static int klp_enable_object(struct klp_object *obj)
433{
434 struct klp_func *func;
435 int ret;
436
437 if (WARN_ON(obj->state != KLP_DISABLED))
438 return -EINVAL;
439
440 if (WARN_ON(!klp_is_object_loaded(obj)))
441 return -EINVAL;
442
443 for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name; func++) {
444 ret = klp_enable_func(func);
445 if (ret) {
446 klp_disable_object(obj);
447 return ret;
448 }
449 }
450 obj->state = KLP_ENABLED;
451
452 return 0;
453}
454
455static int __klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
456{
457 struct klp_object *obj;
458
459
460 if (!list_is_last(&patch->list, &klp_patches) &&
461 list_next_entry(patch, list)->state == KLP_ENABLED)
462 return -EBUSY;
463
464 pr_notice("disabling patch '%s'\n", patch->mod->name);
465
466 for (obj = patch->objs; obj->funcs; obj++) {
467 if (obj->state == KLP_ENABLED)
468 klp_disable_object(obj);
469 }
470
471 patch->state = KLP_DISABLED;
472
473 return 0;
474}
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484int klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
485{
486 int ret;
487
488 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
489
490 if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
491 ret = -EINVAL;
492 goto err;
493 }
494
495 if (patch->state == KLP_DISABLED) {
496 ret = -EINVAL;
497 goto err;
498 }
499
500 ret = __klp_disable_patch(patch);
501
502err:
503 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
504 return ret;
505}
506EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_disable_patch);
507
508static int __klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
509{
510 struct klp_object *obj;
511 int ret;
512
513 if (WARN_ON(patch->state != KLP_DISABLED))
514 return -EINVAL;
515
516
517 if (patch->list.prev != &klp_patches &&
518 list_prev_entry(patch, list)->state == KLP_DISABLED)
519 return -EBUSY;
520
521 pr_notice_once("tainting kernel with TAINT_LIVEPATCH\n");
522 add_taint(TAINT_LIVEPATCH, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
523
524 pr_notice("enabling patch '%s'\n", patch->mod->name);
525
526 for (obj = patch->objs; obj->funcs; obj++) {
527 if (!klp_is_object_loaded(obj))
528 continue;
529
530 ret = klp_enable_object(obj);
531 if (ret)
532 goto unregister;
533 }
534
535 patch->state = KLP_ENABLED;
536
537 return 0;
538
539unregister:
540 WARN_ON(__klp_disable_patch(patch));
541 return ret;
542}
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553int klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
554{
555 int ret;
556
557 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
558
559 if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
560 ret = -EINVAL;
561 goto err;
562 }
563
564 ret = __klp_enable_patch(patch);
565
566err:
567 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
568 return ret;
569}
570EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_enable_patch);
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
583 const char *buf, size_t count)
584{
585 struct klp_patch *patch;
586 int ret;
587 unsigned long val;
588
589 ret = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &val);
590 if (ret)
591 return -EINVAL;
592
593 if (val != KLP_DISABLED && val != KLP_ENABLED)
594 return -EINVAL;
595
596 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
597
598 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
599
600 if (val == patch->state) {
601
602 ret = -EINVAL;
603 goto err;
604 }
605
606 if (val == KLP_ENABLED) {
607 ret = __klp_enable_patch(patch);
608 if (ret)
609 goto err;
610 } else {
611 ret = __klp_disable_patch(patch);
612 if (ret)
613 goto err;
614 }
615
616 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
617
618 return count;
619
620err:
621 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
622 return ret;
623}
624
625static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
626 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
627{
628 struct klp_patch *patch;
629
630 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
631 return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%d\n", patch->state);
632}
633
634static struct kobj_attribute enabled_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RW(enabled);
635static struct attribute *klp_patch_attrs[] = {
636 &enabled_kobj_attr.attr,
637 NULL
638};
639
640static void klp_kobj_release_patch(struct kobject *kobj)
641{
642
643
644
645
646}
647
648static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_patch = {
649 .release = klp_kobj_release_patch,
650 .sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
651 .default_attrs = klp_patch_attrs,
652};
653
654static void klp_kobj_release_func(struct kobject *kobj)
655{
656}
657
658static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_func = {
659 .release = klp_kobj_release_func,
660 .sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
661};
662
663
664
665
666
667static void klp_free_funcs_limited(struct klp_object *obj,
668 struct klp_func *limit)
669{
670 struct klp_func *func;
671
672 for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name && func != limit; func++)
673 kobject_put(&func->kobj);
674}
675
676
677static void klp_free_object_loaded(struct klp_object *obj)
678{
679 struct klp_func *func;
680
681 obj->mod = NULL;
682
683 for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name; func++)
684 func->old_addr = 0;
685}
686
687
688
689
690
691static void klp_free_objects_limited(struct klp_patch *patch,
692 struct klp_object *limit)
693{
694 struct klp_object *obj;
695
696 for (obj = patch->objs; obj->funcs && obj != limit; obj++) {
697 klp_free_funcs_limited(obj, NULL);
698 kobject_put(obj->kobj);
699 }
700}
701
702static void klp_free_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
703{
704 klp_free_objects_limited(patch, NULL);
705 if (!list_empty(&patch->list))
706 list_del(&patch->list);
707 kobject_put(&patch->kobj);
708}
709
710static int klp_init_func(struct klp_object *obj, struct klp_func *func)
711{
712 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&func->stack_node);
713 func->state = KLP_DISABLED;
714
715 return kobject_init_and_add(&func->kobj, &klp_ktype_func,
716 obj->kobj, "%s", func->old_name);
717}
718
719
720static int klp_init_object_loaded(struct klp_patch *patch,
721 struct klp_object *obj)
722{
723 struct klp_func *func;
724 int ret;
725
726 if (obj->relocs) {
727 ret = klp_write_object_relocations(patch->mod, obj);
728 if (ret)
729 return ret;
730 }
731
732 for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name; func++) {
733 ret = klp_find_verify_func_addr(obj, func);
734 if (ret)
735 return ret;
736 }
737
738 return 0;
739}
740
741static int klp_init_object(struct klp_patch *patch, struct klp_object *obj)
742{
743 struct klp_func *func;
744 int ret;
745 const char *name;
746
747 if (!obj->funcs)
748 return -EINVAL;
749
750 obj->state = KLP_DISABLED;
751 obj->mod = NULL;
752
753 klp_find_object_module(obj);
754
755 name = klp_is_module(obj) ? obj->name : "vmlinux";
756 obj->kobj = kobject_create_and_add(name, &patch->kobj);
757 if (!obj->kobj)
758 return -ENOMEM;
759
760 for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name; func++) {
761 ret = klp_init_func(obj, func);
762 if (ret)
763 goto free;
764 }
765
766 if (klp_is_object_loaded(obj)) {
767 ret = klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
768 if (ret)
769 goto free;
770 }
771
772 return 0;
773
774free:
775 klp_free_funcs_limited(obj, func);
776 kobject_put(obj->kobj);
777 return ret;
778}
779
780static int klp_init_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
781{
782 struct klp_object *obj;
783 int ret;
784
785 if (!patch->objs)
786 return -EINVAL;
787
788 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
789
790 patch->state = KLP_DISABLED;
791
792 ret = kobject_init_and_add(&patch->kobj, &klp_ktype_patch,
793 klp_root_kobj, "%s", patch->mod->name);
794 if (ret)
795 goto unlock;
796
797 for (obj = patch->objs; obj->funcs; obj++) {
798 ret = klp_init_object(patch, obj);
799 if (ret)
800 goto free;
801 }
802
803 list_add_tail(&patch->list, &klp_patches);
804
805 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
806
807 return 0;
808
809free:
810 klp_free_objects_limited(patch, obj);
811 kobject_put(&patch->kobj);
812unlock:
813 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
814 return ret;
815}
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825int klp_unregister_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
826{
827 int ret = 0;
828
829 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
830
831 if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
832 ret = -EINVAL;
833 goto out;
834 }
835
836 if (patch->state == KLP_ENABLED) {
837 ret = -EBUSY;
838 goto out;
839 }
840
841 klp_free_patch(patch);
842
843out:
844 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
845 return ret;
846}
847EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_unregister_patch);
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858int klp_register_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
859{
860 int ret;
861
862 if (!klp_initialized())
863 return -ENODEV;
864
865 if (!patch || !patch->mod)
866 return -EINVAL;
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875 if (!try_module_get(patch->mod))
876 return -ENODEV;
877
878 ret = klp_init_patch(patch);
879 if (ret)
880 module_put(patch->mod);
881
882 return ret;
883}
884EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_register_patch);
885
886static void klp_module_notify_coming(struct klp_patch *patch,
887 struct klp_object *obj)
888{
889 struct module *pmod = patch->mod;
890 struct module *mod = obj->mod;
891 int ret;
892
893 ret = klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
894 if (ret)
895 goto err;
896
897 if (patch->state == KLP_DISABLED)
898 return;
899
900 pr_notice("applying patch '%s' to loading module '%s'\n",
901 pmod->name, mod->name);
902
903 ret = klp_enable_object(obj);
904 if (!ret)
905 return;
906
907err:
908 pr_warn("failed to apply patch '%s' to module '%s' (%d)\n",
909 pmod->name, mod->name, ret);
910}
911
912static void klp_module_notify_going(struct klp_patch *patch,
913 struct klp_object *obj)
914{
915 struct module *pmod = patch->mod;
916 struct module *mod = obj->mod;
917
918 if (patch->state == KLP_DISABLED)
919 goto disabled;
920
921 pr_notice("reverting patch '%s' on unloading module '%s'\n",
922 pmod->name, mod->name);
923
924 klp_disable_object(obj);
925
926disabled:
927 klp_free_object_loaded(obj);
928}
929
930static int klp_module_notify(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action,
931 void *data)
932{
933 struct module *mod = data;
934 struct klp_patch *patch;
935 struct klp_object *obj;
936
937 if (action != MODULE_STATE_COMING && action != MODULE_STATE_GOING)
938 return 0;
939
940 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
941
942
943
944
945
946 if (action == MODULE_STATE_COMING)
947 mod->klp_alive = true;
948 else
949 mod->klp_alive = false;
950
951 list_for_each_entry(patch, &klp_patches, list) {
952 for (obj = patch->objs; obj->funcs; obj++) {
953 if (!klp_is_module(obj) || strcmp(obj->name, mod->name))
954 continue;
955
956 if (action == MODULE_STATE_COMING) {
957 obj->mod = mod;
958 klp_module_notify_coming(patch, obj);
959 } else
960 klp_module_notify_going(patch, obj);
961
962 break;
963 }
964 }
965
966 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
967
968 return 0;
969}
970
971static struct notifier_block klp_module_nb = {
972 .notifier_call = klp_module_notify,
973 .priority = INT_MIN+1,
974};
975
976static int klp_init(void)
977{
978 int ret;
979
980 ret = klp_check_compiler_support();
981 if (ret) {
982 pr_info("Your compiler is too old; turning off.\n");
983 return -EINVAL;
984 }
985
986 ret = register_module_notifier(&klp_module_nb);
987 if (ret)
988 return ret;
989
990 klp_root_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("livepatch", kernel_kobj);
991 if (!klp_root_kobj) {
992 ret = -ENOMEM;
993 goto unregister;
994 }
995
996 return 0;
997
998unregister:
999 unregister_module_notifier(&klp_module_nb);
1000 return ret;
1001}
1002
1003module_init(klp_init);
1004