linux/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
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   1/*
   2 *
   3 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   4 *
   5 *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
   6 */
   7
   8#include <linux/signal.h>
   9#include <linux/sched.h>
  10#include <linux/kernel.h>
  11#include <linux/errno.h>
  12#include <linux/string.h>
  13#include <linux/types.h>
  14#include <linux/ptrace.h>
  15#include <linux/mman.h>
  16#include <linux/mm.h>
  17#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  18#include <linux/swap.h>
  19#include <linux/smp.h>
  20#include <linux/init.h>
  21#include <linux/highmem.h>
  22#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  23#include <linux/pci.h>
  24#include <linux/pfn.h>
  25#include <linux/poison.h>
  26#include <linux/bootmem.h>
  27#include <linux/memblock.h>
  28#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  29#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
  30#include <linux/initrd.h>
  31#include <linux/cpumask.h>
  32#include <linux/gfp.h>
  33
  34#include <asm/asm.h>
  35#include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
  36#include <asm/processor.h>
  37#include <linux/uaccess.h>
  38#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  39#include <asm/dma.h>
  40#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  41#include <asm/e820.h>
  42#include <asm/apic.h>
  43#include <asm/bugs.h>
  44#include <asm/tlb.h>
  45#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  46#include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
  47#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  48#include <asm/sections.h>
  49#include <asm/paravirt.h>
  50#include <asm/setup.h>
  51#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  52#include <asm/page_types.h>
  53#include <asm/init.h>
  54
  55#include "mm_internal.h"
  56
  57unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
  58
  59static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
  60
  61bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
  62
  63/*
  64 * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
  65 * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
  66 * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
  67 */
  68static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
  69{
  70        pud_t *pud;
  71        pmd_t *pmd_table;
  72
  73#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
  74        if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  75                pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
  76                paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  77                set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
  78                pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  79                BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
  80
  81                return pmd_table;
  82        }
  83#endif
  84        pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  85        pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
  86
  87        return pmd_table;
  88}
  89
  90/*
  91 * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
  92 * directory entry:
  93 */
  94static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
  95{
  96        if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  97                pte_t *page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
  98
  99                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 100                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
 101                BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 102        }
 103
 104        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
 105}
 106
 107pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
 108{
 109        int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 110        int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 111
 112        return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
 113}
 114
 115pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 116{
 117        int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
 118        pmd_t *pmd;
 119
 120        pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
 121        return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
 122}
 123
 124static unsigned long __init
 125page_table_range_init_count(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 126{
 127        unsigned long count = 0;
 128#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 129        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 130        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 131        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 132        unsigned long vaddr;
 133
 134        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin == pmd_idx_kmap_end)
 135                return 0;
 136
 137        vaddr = start;
 138        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 139        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 140
 141        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd_idx++) {
 142                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 143                                                        pmd_idx++) {
 144                        if ((vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin &&
 145                            (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end)
 146                                count++;
 147                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 148                }
 149                pmd_idx = 0;
 150        }
 151#endif
 152        return count;
 153}
 154
 155static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
 156                                           unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte,
 157                                           void **adr)
 158{
 159#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 160        /*
 161         * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
 162         * page here, which causes the page table allocation
 163         * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
 164         * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
 165         */
 166        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 167        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 168
 169        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
 170            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
 171            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end) {
 172                pte_t *newpte;
 173                int i;
 174
 175                BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
 176                newpte = *adr;
 177                for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
 178                        set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
 179                *adr = (void *)(((unsigned long)(*adr)) + PAGE_SIZE);
 180
 181                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 182                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
 183                BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 184                __flush_tlb_all();
 185
 186                paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 187                pte = newpte;
 188        }
 189        BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
 190               && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
 191               && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
 192#endif
 193        return pte;
 194}
 195
 196/*
 197 * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
 198 * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
 199 * the given range.
 200 *
 201 * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
 202 * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
 203 * checking the pgd every time.
 204 */
 205static void __init
 206page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
 207{
 208        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 209        unsigned long vaddr;
 210        pgd_t *pgd;
 211        pmd_t *pmd;
 212        pte_t *pte = NULL;
 213        unsigned long count = page_table_range_init_count(start, end);
 214        void *adr = NULL;
 215
 216        if (count)
 217                adr = alloc_low_pages(count);
 218
 219        vaddr = start;
 220        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 221        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 222        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 223
 224        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 225                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 226                pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
 227                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 228                                                        pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 229                        pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
 230                                                    pmd, vaddr, pte, &adr);
 231
 232                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 233                }
 234                pmd_idx = 0;
 235        }
 236}
 237
 238static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
 239{
 240        if (addr >= (unsigned long)_text && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
 241                return 1;
 242        return 0;
 243}
 244
 245/*
 246 * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
 247 * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
 248 * PAGE_OFFSET:
 249 */
 250unsigned long __init
 251kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
 252                             unsigned long end,
 253                             unsigned long page_size_mask)
 254{
 255        int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
 256        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 257        unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 258        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 259        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
 260        unsigned long pfn;
 261        pgd_t *pgd;
 262        pmd_t *pmd;
 263        pte_t *pte;
 264        unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
 265        int mapping_iter;
 266
 267        start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 268        end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 269
 270        /*
 271         * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
 272         * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
 273         * the early code in head_32.S
 274         *
 275         * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
 276         * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
 277         *
 278         * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
 279         *
 280         *     "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
 281         *      that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
 282         *      and either the page frame or attributes."
 283         */
 284        mapping_iter = 1;
 285
 286        if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PSE))
 287                use_pse = 0;
 288
 289repeat:
 290        pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
 291        pfn = start_pfn;
 292        pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 293        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 294        for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 295                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 296
 297                if (pfn >= end_pfn)
 298                        continue;
 299#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 300                pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 301                pmd += pmd_idx;
 302#else
 303                pmd_idx = 0;
 304#endif
 305                for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
 306                     pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 307                        unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
 308
 309                        /*
 310                         * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
 311                         * create normal page tables:
 312                         */
 313                        if (use_pse) {
 314                                unsigned int addr2;
 315                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
 316                                /*
 317                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 318                                 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
 319                                 */
 320                                pgprot_t init_prot =
 321                                        __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
 322                                                 _PAGE_PSE);
 323
 324                                pfn &= PMD_MASK >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 325                                addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
 326                                        PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
 327
 328                                if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
 329                                    is_kernel_text(addr2))
 330                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
 331
 332                                pages_2m++;
 333                                if (mapping_iter == 1)
 334                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
 335                                else
 336                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
 337
 338                                pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
 339                                continue;
 340                        }
 341                        pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
 342
 343                        pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 344                        pte += pte_ofs;
 345                        for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
 346                             pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 347                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 348                                /*
 349                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 350                                 * identity mapping attribute.
 351                                 */
 352                                pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
 353
 354                                if (is_kernel_text(addr))
 355                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
 356
 357                                pages_4k++;
 358                                if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 359                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
 360                                        last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
 361                                } else
 362                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
 363                        }
 364                }
 365        }
 366        if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 367                /*
 368                 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
 369                 * iteration.
 370                 */
 371                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
 372                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
 373
 374                /*
 375                 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
 376                 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
 377                 */
 378                __flush_tlb_all();
 379
 380                /*
 381                 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
 382                 */
 383                mapping_iter = 2;
 384                goto repeat;
 385        }
 386        return last_map_addr;
 387}
 388
 389pte_t *kmap_pte;
 390
 391static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 392{
 393        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
 394                        vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
 395}
 396
 397static void __init kmap_init(void)
 398{
 399        unsigned long kmap_vstart;
 400
 401        /*
 402         * Cache the first kmap pte:
 403         */
 404        kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
 405        kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
 406}
 407
 408#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 409static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 410{
 411        unsigned long vaddr;
 412        pgd_t *pgd;
 413        pud_t *pud;
 414        pmd_t *pmd;
 415        pte_t *pte;
 416
 417        vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
 418        page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
 419
 420        pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
 421        pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
 422        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
 423        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
 424        pkmap_page_table = pte;
 425}
 426
 427void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid,
 428                         unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
 429{
 430        phys_addr_t start, end;
 431        u64 i;
 432
 433        for_each_free_mem_range(i, nid, MEMBLOCK_NONE, &start, &end, NULL) {
 434                unsigned long pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_UP(start),
 435                                            start_pfn, end_pfn);
 436                unsigned long e_pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_DOWN(end),
 437                                              start_pfn, end_pfn);
 438                for ( ; pfn < e_pfn; pfn++)
 439                        if (pfn_valid(pfn))
 440                                free_highmem_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
 441        }
 442}
 443#else
 444static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 445{
 446}
 447#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 448
 449void __init native_pagetable_init(void)
 450{
 451        unsigned long pfn, va;
 452        pgd_t *pgd, *base = swapper_pg_dir;
 453        pud_t *pud;
 454        pmd_t *pmd;
 455        pte_t *pte;
 456
 457        /*
 458         * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
 459         * memory from the boot time page table.
 460         * In virtual address space, we should have at least two pages
 461         * from VMALLOC_END to pkmap or fixmap according to VMALLOC_END
 462         * definition. And max_low_pfn is set to VMALLOC_END physical
 463         * address. If initial memory mapping is doing right job, we
 464         * should have pte used near max_low_pfn or one pmd is not present.
 465         */
 466        for (pfn = max_low_pfn; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
 467                va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 468                pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
 469                if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
 470                        break;
 471
 472                pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
 473                pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
 474                if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
 475                        break;
 476
 477                /* should not be large page here */
 478                if (pmd_large(*pmd)) {
 479                        pr_warn("try to clear pte for ram above max_low_pfn: pfn: %lx pmd: %p pmd phys: %lx, but pmd is big page and is not using pte !\n",
 480                                pfn, pmd, __pa(pmd));
 481                        BUG_ON(1);
 482                }
 483
 484                pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
 485                if (!pte_present(*pte))
 486                        break;
 487
 488                printk(KERN_DEBUG "clearing pte for ram above max_low_pfn: pfn: %lx pmd: %p pmd phys: %lx pte: %p pte phys: %lx\n",
 489                                pfn, pmd, __pa(pmd), pte, __pa(pte));
 490                pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
 491        }
 492        paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 493        paging_init();
 494}
 495
 496/*
 497 * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings.  Up until this
 498 * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
 499 * the boot process.
 500 *
 501 * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
 502 * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S.  The root of the
 503 * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
 504 *
 505 * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
 506 * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
 507 * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir.  In any case,
 508 * paravirt_pagetable_init() will set up swapper_pg_dir
 509 * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
 510 *
 511 * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
 512 * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
 513 * mappings.
 514 */
 515void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
 516{
 517        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 518        unsigned long vaddr, end;
 519
 520        /*
 521         * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
 522         * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
 523         */
 524        vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 525        end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 526        page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
 527        early_ioremap_reset();
 528}
 529
 530static void __init pagetable_init(void)
 531{
 532        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 533
 534        permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
 535}
 536
 537pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL);
 538EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
 539
 540/* user-defined highmem size */
 541static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
 542
 543/*
 544 * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
 545 * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
 546 * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
 547 */
 548static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
 549{
 550        if (!arg)
 551                return -EINVAL;
 552
 553        highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 554        return 0;
 555}
 556early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
 557
 558#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
 559        "highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
 560
 561#define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 562        "highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
 563/*
 564 * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
 565 * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
 566 * it:
 567 */
 568static void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
 569{
 570        /* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
 571        max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
 572
 573        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 574                highmem_pages = 0;
 575#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 576        if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
 577                printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
 578                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
 579                highmem_pages = 0;
 580        }
 581        if (highmem_pages) {
 582                if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
 583                        printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 584                                pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 585                        highmem_pages = 0;
 586                }
 587                max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
 588        }
 589#else
 590        if (highmem_pages)
 591                printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
 592#endif
 593}
 594
 595#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 596        "only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
 597
 598#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
 599        "Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
 600/*
 601 * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
 602 * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
 603 */
 604static void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
 605{
 606        max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 607
 608        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 609                highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
 610
 611        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
 612                max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
 613
 614        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
 615                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 616                        pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
 617                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 618                highmem_pages = 0;
 619        }
 620#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 621        /* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
 622        printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
 623        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
 624                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
 625        else
 626                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
 627        max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 628#else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 629#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
 630        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
 631                max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
 632                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
 633        }
 634#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
 635#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 636}
 637
 638/*
 639 * Determine low and high memory ranges:
 640 */
 641void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
 642{
 643        /* it could update max_pfn */
 644
 645        if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
 646                lowmem_pfn_init();
 647        else
 648                highmem_pfn_init();
 649}
 650
 651#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 652void __init initmem_init(void)
 653{
 654#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 655        highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
 656        if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 657                highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 658        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
 659                pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
 660        high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 661#else
 662        high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 663#endif
 664
 665        memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t)ULLONG_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
 666        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
 667
 668#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 669        max_mapnr = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) ? highend_pfn : max_low_pfn;
 670#endif
 671        __vmalloc_start_set = true;
 672
 673        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
 674                        pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
 675
 676        setup_bootmem_allocator();
 677}
 678#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 679
 680void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
 681{
 682        printk(KERN_INFO "  mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
 683                 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 684        printk(KERN_INFO "  low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 685}
 686
 687/*
 688 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
 689 * already mapped by head.S.
 690 *
 691 * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
 692 * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
 693 */
 694void __init paging_init(void)
 695{
 696        pagetable_init();
 697
 698        __flush_tlb_all();
 699
 700        kmap_init();
 701
 702        /*
 703         * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
 704         */
 705        olpc_dt_build_devicetree();
 706        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES);
 707        sparse_init();
 708        zone_sizes_init();
 709}
 710
 711/*
 712 * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
 713 * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
 714 * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
 715 * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
 716 */
 717static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
 718{
 719        printk(KERN_INFO
 720  "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
 721
 722        /* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
 723        __set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
 724        boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
 725        clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
 726
 727        if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
 728                printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
 729                panic("Linux doesn't support CPUs with broken WP.");
 730        } else {
 731                printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
 732        }
 733}
 734
 735void __init mem_init(void)
 736{
 737        pci_iommu_alloc();
 738
 739#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 740        BUG_ON(!mem_map);
 741#endif
 742        /*
 743         * With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC initialization of highmem pages has to
 744         * be done before free_all_bootmem(). Memblock use free low memory for
 745         * temporary data (see find_range_array()) and for this purpose can use
 746         * pages that was already passed to the buddy allocator, hence marked as
 747         * not accessible in the page tables when compiled with
 748         * CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC. Otherwise order of initialization is not
 749         * important here.
 750         */
 751        set_highmem_pages_init();
 752
 753        /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
 754        free_all_bootmem();
 755
 756        after_bootmem = 1;
 757
 758        mem_init_print_info(NULL);
 759        printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
 760                "    fixmap  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 761#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 762                "    pkmap   : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 763#endif
 764                "    vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 765                "    lowmem  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 766                "      .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 767                "      .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 768                "      .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n",
 769                FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
 770                (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
 771
 772#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 773                PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
 774                (LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
 775#endif
 776
 777                VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
 778                (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
 779
 780                (unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
 781                ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
 782
 783                (unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
 784                ((unsigned long)&__init_end -
 785                 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
 786
 787                (unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
 788                ((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
 789
 790                (unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
 791                ((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
 792
 793        /*
 794         * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
 795         * be detected at build time already.
 796         */
 797#define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
 798#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 799        BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE  > FIXADDR_START);
 800        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                        > PKMAP_BASE);
 801#endif
 802#define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
 803        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                      >= VMALLOC_END);
 804#undef high_memory
 805#undef __FIXADDR_TOP
 806
 807#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 808        BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE        > FIXADDR_START);
 809        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                              > PKMAP_BASE);
 810#endif
 811        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                            >= VMALLOC_END);
 812        BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory               > VMALLOC_START);
 813
 814        if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
 815                test_wp_bit();
 816}
 817
 818#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 819int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 820{
 821        struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
 822        struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones +
 823                zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, ZONE_HIGHMEM, for_device);
 824        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 825        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 826
 827        return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 828}
 829
 830#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
 831int arch_remove_memory(u64 start, u64 size)
 832{
 833        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 834        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 835        struct zone *zone;
 836
 837        zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn));
 838        return __remove_pages(zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 839}
 840#endif
 841#endif
 842
 843/*
 844 * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
 845 * section.  Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
 846 */
 847static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
 848{
 849        char tmp_reg;
 850        int flag;
 851
 852        __asm__ __volatile__(
 853                "       movb %0, %1     \n"
 854                "1:     movb %1, %0     \n"
 855                "       xorl %2, %2     \n"
 856                "2:                     \n"
 857                _ASM_EXTABLE(1b,2b)
 858                :"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
 859                 "=q" (tmp_reg),
 860                 "=r" (flag)
 861                :"2" (1)
 862                :"memory");
 863
 864        return flag;
 865}
 866
 867int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
 868
 869void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
 870{
 871        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 872        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 873
 874        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 875                return;
 876
 877        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
 878                 start, start+size);
 879
 880        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 881}
 882
 883void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
 884{
 885        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 886        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 887
 888        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 889                return;
 890
 891        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
 892                 start, start+size);
 893
 894        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 895}
 896
 897static void mark_nxdata_nx(void)
 898{
 899        /*
 900         * When this called, init has already been executed and released,
 901         * so everything past _etext should be NX.
 902         */
 903        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_etext);
 904        /*
 905         * This comes from is_kernel_text upper limit. Also HPAGE where used:
 906         */
 907        unsigned long size = (((unsigned long)__init_end + HPAGE_SIZE) & HPAGE_MASK) - start;
 908
 909        if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 910                printk(KERN_INFO "NX-protecting the kernel data: %luk\n", size >> 10);
 911        set_pages_nx(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 912}
 913
 914void mark_rodata_ro(void)
 915{
 916        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 917        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 918
 919        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 920        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
 921                size >> 10);
 922
 923        kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
 924
 925#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 926        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
 927                start, start+size);
 928        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 929
 930        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 931        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 932#endif
 933
 934        start += size;
 935        size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
 936        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 937        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
 938                size >> 10);
 939
 940#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 941        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
 942        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 943
 944        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 945        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 946#endif
 947        mark_nxdata_nx();
 948        if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 949                debug_checkwx();
 950}
 951