linux/arch/x86/kernel/kexec-bzimage64.c
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   1/*
   2 * Kexec bzImage loader
   3 *
   4 * Copyright (C) 2014 Red Hat Inc.
   5 * Authors:
   6 *      Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
   7 *
   8 * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
   9 * Version 2.  See the file COPYING for more details.
  10 */
  11
  12#define pr_fmt(fmt)     "kexec-bzImage64: " fmt
  13
  14#include <linux/string.h>
  15#include <linux/printk.h>
  16#include <linux/errno.h>
  17#include <linux/slab.h>
  18#include <linux/kexec.h>
  19#include <linux/kernel.h>
  20#include <linux/mm.h>
  21#include <linux/efi.h>
  22#include <linux/verification.h>
  23
  24#include <asm/bootparam.h>
  25#include <asm/setup.h>
  26#include <asm/crash.h>
  27#include <asm/efi.h>
  28#include <asm/e820/api.h>
  29#include <asm/kexec-bzimage64.h>
  30
  31#define MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN  30      /* elfcorehdr=0x<64bit-value> */
  32
  33/*
  34 * Defines lowest physical address for various segments. Not sure where
  35 * exactly these limits came from. Current bzimage64 loader in kexec-tools
  36 * uses these so I am retaining it. It can be changed over time as we gain
  37 * more insight.
  38 */
  39#define MIN_PURGATORY_ADDR      0x3000
  40#define MIN_BOOTPARAM_ADDR      0x3000
  41#define MIN_KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x100000
  42#define MIN_INITRD_LOAD_ADDR    0x1000000
  43
  44/*
  45 * This is a place holder for all boot loader specific data structure which
  46 * gets allocated in one call but gets freed much later during cleanup
  47 * time. Right now there is only one field but it can grow as need be.
  48 */
  49struct bzimage64_data {
  50        /*
  51         * Temporary buffer to hold bootparams buffer. This should be
  52         * freed once the bootparam segment has been loaded.
  53         */
  54        void *bootparams_buf;
  55};
  56
  57static int setup_initrd(struct boot_params *params,
  58                unsigned long initrd_load_addr, unsigned long initrd_len)
  59{
  60        params->hdr.ramdisk_image = initrd_load_addr & 0xffffffffUL;
  61        params->hdr.ramdisk_size = initrd_len & 0xffffffffUL;
  62
  63        params->ext_ramdisk_image = initrd_load_addr >> 32;
  64        params->ext_ramdisk_size = initrd_len >> 32;
  65
  66        return 0;
  67}
  68
  69static int setup_cmdline(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params,
  70                         unsigned long bootparams_load_addr,
  71                         unsigned long cmdline_offset, char *cmdline,
  72                         unsigned long cmdline_len)
  73{
  74        char *cmdline_ptr = ((char *)params) + cmdline_offset;
  75        unsigned long cmdline_ptr_phys, len = 0;
  76        uint32_t cmdline_low_32, cmdline_ext_32;
  77
  78        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
  79                len = sprintf(cmdline_ptr,
  80                        "elfcorehdr=0x%lx ", image->arch.elf_load_addr);
  81        }
  82        memcpy(cmdline_ptr + len, cmdline, cmdline_len);
  83        cmdline_len += len;
  84
  85        cmdline_ptr[cmdline_len - 1] = '\0';
  86
  87        pr_debug("Final command line is: %s\n", cmdline_ptr);
  88        cmdline_ptr_phys = bootparams_load_addr + cmdline_offset;
  89        cmdline_low_32 = cmdline_ptr_phys & 0xffffffffUL;
  90        cmdline_ext_32 = cmdline_ptr_phys >> 32;
  91
  92        params->hdr.cmd_line_ptr = cmdline_low_32;
  93        if (cmdline_ext_32)
  94                params->ext_cmd_line_ptr = cmdline_ext_32;
  95
  96        return 0;
  97}
  98
  99static int setup_e820_entries(struct boot_params *params)
 100{
 101        unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
 102
 103        nr_e820_entries = e820_table_kexec->nr_entries;
 104
 105        /* TODO: Pass entries more than E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE in bootparams setup data */
 106        if (nr_e820_entries > E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE)
 107                nr_e820_entries = E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE;
 108
 109        params->e820_entries = nr_e820_entries;
 110        memcpy(&params->e820_table, &e820_table_kexec->entries, nr_e820_entries*sizeof(struct e820_entry));
 111
 112        return 0;
 113}
 114
 115#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 116static int setup_efi_info_memmap(struct boot_params *params,
 117                                  unsigned long params_load_addr,
 118                                  unsigned int efi_map_offset,
 119                                  unsigned int efi_map_sz)
 120{
 121        void *efi_map = (void *)params + efi_map_offset;
 122        unsigned long efi_map_phys_addr = params_load_addr + efi_map_offset;
 123        struct efi_info *ei = &params->efi_info;
 124
 125        if (!efi_map_sz)
 126                return 0;
 127
 128        efi_runtime_map_copy(efi_map, efi_map_sz);
 129
 130        ei->efi_memmap = efi_map_phys_addr & 0xffffffff;
 131        ei->efi_memmap_hi = efi_map_phys_addr >> 32;
 132        ei->efi_memmap_size = efi_map_sz;
 133
 134        return 0;
 135}
 136
 137static int
 138prepare_add_efi_setup_data(struct boot_params *params,
 139                       unsigned long params_load_addr,
 140                       unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 141{
 142        unsigned long setup_data_phys;
 143        struct setup_data *sd = (void *)params + efi_setup_data_offset;
 144        struct efi_setup_data *esd = (void *)sd + sizeof(struct setup_data);
 145
 146        esd->fw_vendor = efi.fw_vendor;
 147        esd->runtime = efi.runtime;
 148        esd->tables = efi.config_table;
 149        esd->smbios = efi.smbios;
 150
 151        sd->type = SETUP_EFI;
 152        sd->len = sizeof(struct efi_setup_data);
 153
 154        /* Add setup data */
 155        setup_data_phys = params_load_addr + efi_setup_data_offset;
 156        sd->next = params->hdr.setup_data;
 157        params->hdr.setup_data = setup_data_phys;
 158
 159        return 0;
 160}
 161
 162static int
 163setup_efi_state(struct boot_params *params, unsigned long params_load_addr,
 164                unsigned int efi_map_offset, unsigned int efi_map_sz,
 165                unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 166{
 167        struct efi_info *current_ei = &boot_params.efi_info;
 168        struct efi_info *ei = &params->efi_info;
 169
 170        if (!current_ei->efi_memmap_size)
 171                return 0;
 172
 173        /*
 174         * If 1:1 mapping is not enabled, second kernel can not setup EFI
 175         * and use EFI run time services. User space will have to pass
 176         * acpi_rsdp=<addr> on kernel command line to make second kernel boot
 177         * without efi.
 178         */
 179        if (efi_enabled(EFI_OLD_MEMMAP))
 180                return 0;
 181
 182        ei->efi_loader_signature = current_ei->efi_loader_signature;
 183        ei->efi_systab = current_ei->efi_systab;
 184        ei->efi_systab_hi = current_ei->efi_systab_hi;
 185
 186        ei->efi_memdesc_version = current_ei->efi_memdesc_version;
 187        ei->efi_memdesc_size = efi_get_runtime_map_desc_size();
 188
 189        setup_efi_info_memmap(params, params_load_addr, efi_map_offset,
 190                              efi_map_sz);
 191        prepare_add_efi_setup_data(params, params_load_addr,
 192                                   efi_setup_data_offset);
 193        return 0;
 194}
 195#endif /* CONFIG_EFI */
 196
 197static int
 198setup_boot_parameters(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params,
 199                      unsigned long params_load_addr,
 200                      unsigned int efi_map_offset, unsigned int efi_map_sz,
 201                      unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 202{
 203        unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
 204        unsigned long long mem_k, start, end;
 205        int i, ret = 0;
 206
 207        /* Get subarch from existing bootparams */
 208        params->hdr.hardware_subarch = boot_params.hdr.hardware_subarch;
 209
 210        /* Copying screen_info will do? */
 211        memcpy(&params->screen_info, &boot_params.screen_info,
 212                                sizeof(struct screen_info));
 213
 214        /* Fill in memsize later */
 215        params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = 0;
 216        params->alt_mem_k = 0;
 217
 218        /* Default APM info */
 219        memset(&params->apm_bios_info, 0, sizeof(params->apm_bios_info));
 220
 221        /* Default drive info */
 222        memset(&params->hd0_info, 0, sizeof(params->hd0_info));
 223        memset(&params->hd1_info, 0, sizeof(params->hd1_info));
 224
 225        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
 226                ret = crash_setup_memmap_entries(image, params);
 227                if (ret)
 228                        return ret;
 229        } else
 230                setup_e820_entries(params);
 231
 232        nr_e820_entries = params->e820_entries;
 233
 234        for (i = 0; i < nr_e820_entries; i++) {
 235                if (params->e820_table[i].type != E820_TYPE_RAM)
 236                        continue;
 237                start = params->e820_table[i].addr;
 238                end = params->e820_table[i].addr + params->e820_table[i].size - 1;
 239
 240                if ((start <= 0x100000) && end > 0x100000) {
 241                        mem_k = (end >> 10) - (0x100000 >> 10);
 242                        params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = mem_k;
 243                        params->alt_mem_k = mem_k;
 244                        if (mem_k > 0xfc00)
 245                                params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = 0xfc00; /* 64M*/
 246                        if (mem_k > 0xffffffff)
 247                                params->alt_mem_k = 0xffffffff;
 248                }
 249        }
 250
 251#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 252        /* Setup EFI state */
 253        setup_efi_state(params, params_load_addr, efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz,
 254                        efi_setup_data_offset);
 255#endif
 256
 257        /* Setup EDD info */
 258        memcpy(params->eddbuf, boot_params.eddbuf,
 259                                EDDMAXNR * sizeof(struct edd_info));
 260        params->eddbuf_entries = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
 261
 262        memcpy(params->edd_mbr_sig_buffer, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
 263               EDD_MBR_SIG_MAX * sizeof(unsigned int));
 264
 265        return ret;
 266}
 267
 268static int bzImage64_probe(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
 269{
 270        int ret = -ENOEXEC;
 271        struct setup_header *header;
 272
 273        /* kernel should be at least two sectors long */
 274        if (len < 2 * 512) {
 275                pr_err("File is too short to be a bzImage\n");
 276                return ret;
 277        }
 278
 279        header = (struct setup_header *)(buf + offsetof(struct boot_params, hdr));
 280        if (memcmp((char *)&header->header, "HdrS", 4) != 0) {
 281                pr_err("Not a bzImage\n");
 282                return ret;
 283        }
 284
 285        if (header->boot_flag != 0xAA55) {
 286                pr_err("No x86 boot sector present\n");
 287                return ret;
 288        }
 289
 290        if (header->version < 0x020C) {
 291                pr_err("Must be at least protocol version 2.12\n");
 292                return ret;
 293        }
 294
 295        if (!(header->loadflags & LOADED_HIGH)) {
 296                pr_err("zImage not a bzImage\n");
 297                return ret;
 298        }
 299
 300        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_KERNEL_64)) {
 301                pr_err("Not a bzImage64. XLF_KERNEL_64 is not set.\n");
 302                return ret;
 303        }
 304
 305        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G)) {
 306                pr_err("XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G is not set.\n");
 307                return ret;
 308        }
 309
 310        /*
 311         * Can't handle 32bit EFI as it does not allow loading kernel
 312         * above 4G. This should be handled by 32bit bzImage loader
 313         */
 314        if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES) && !efi_enabled(EFI_64BIT)) {
 315                pr_debug("EFI is 32 bit. Can't load kernel above 4G.\n");
 316                return ret;
 317        }
 318
 319        /* I've got a bzImage */
 320        pr_debug("It's a relocatable bzImage64\n");
 321        ret = 0;
 322
 323        return ret;
 324}
 325
 326static void *bzImage64_load(struct kimage *image, char *kernel,
 327                            unsigned long kernel_len, char *initrd,
 328                            unsigned long initrd_len, char *cmdline,
 329                            unsigned long cmdline_len)
 330{
 331
 332        struct setup_header *header;
 333        int setup_sects, kern16_size, ret = 0;
 334        unsigned long setup_header_size, params_cmdline_sz;
 335        struct boot_params *params;
 336        unsigned long bootparam_load_addr, kernel_load_addr, initrd_load_addr;
 337        unsigned long purgatory_load_addr;
 338        struct bzimage64_data *ldata;
 339        struct kexec_entry64_regs regs64;
 340        void *stack;
 341        unsigned int setup_hdr_offset = offsetof(struct boot_params, hdr);
 342        unsigned int efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz, efi_setup_data_offset;
 343        struct kexec_buf kbuf = { .image = image, .buf_max = ULONG_MAX,
 344                                  .top_down = true };
 345
 346        header = (struct setup_header *)(kernel + setup_hdr_offset);
 347        setup_sects = header->setup_sects;
 348        if (setup_sects == 0)
 349                setup_sects = 4;
 350
 351        kern16_size = (setup_sects + 1) * 512;
 352        if (kernel_len < kern16_size) {
 353                pr_err("bzImage truncated\n");
 354                return ERR_PTR(-ENOEXEC);
 355        }
 356
 357        if (cmdline_len > header->cmdline_size) {
 358                pr_err("Kernel command line too long\n");
 359                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 360        }
 361
 362        /*
 363         * In case of crash dump, we will append elfcorehdr=<addr> to
 364         * command line. Make sure it does not overflow
 365         */
 366        if (cmdline_len + MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN > header->cmdline_size) {
 367                pr_debug("Appending elfcorehdr=<addr> to command line exceeds maximum allowed length\n");
 368                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 369        }
 370
 371        /* Allocate and load backup region */
 372        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
 373                ret = crash_load_segments(image);
 374                if (ret)
 375                        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 376        }
 377
 378        /*
 379         * Load purgatory. For 64bit entry point, purgatory  code can be
 380         * anywhere.
 381         */
 382        ret = kexec_load_purgatory(image, MIN_PURGATORY_ADDR, ULONG_MAX, 1,
 383                                   &purgatory_load_addr);
 384        if (ret) {
 385                pr_err("Loading purgatory failed\n");
 386                return ERR_PTR(ret);
 387        }
 388
 389        pr_debug("Loaded purgatory at 0x%lx\n", purgatory_load_addr);
 390
 391
 392        /*
 393         * Load Bootparams and cmdline and space for efi stuff.
 394         *
 395         * Allocate memory together for multiple data structures so
 396         * that they all can go in single area/segment and we don't
 397         * have to create separate segment for each. Keeps things
 398         * little bit simple
 399         */
 400        efi_map_sz = efi_get_runtime_map_size();
 401        efi_map_sz = ALIGN(efi_map_sz, 16);
 402        params_cmdline_sz = sizeof(struct boot_params) + cmdline_len +
 403                                MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN;
 404        params_cmdline_sz = ALIGN(params_cmdline_sz, 16);
 405        kbuf.bufsz = params_cmdline_sz + efi_map_sz +
 406                                sizeof(struct setup_data) +
 407                                sizeof(struct efi_setup_data);
 408
 409        params = kzalloc(kbuf.bufsz, GFP_KERNEL);
 410        if (!params)
 411                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 412        efi_map_offset = params_cmdline_sz;
 413        efi_setup_data_offset = efi_map_offset + efi_map_sz;
 414
 415        /* Copy setup header onto bootparams. Documentation/x86/boot.txt */
 416        setup_header_size = 0x0202 + kernel[0x0201] - setup_hdr_offset;
 417
 418        /* Is there a limit on setup header size? */
 419        memcpy(&params->hdr, (kernel + setup_hdr_offset), setup_header_size);
 420
 421        kbuf.buffer = params;
 422        kbuf.memsz = kbuf.bufsz;
 423        kbuf.buf_align = 16;
 424        kbuf.buf_min = MIN_BOOTPARAM_ADDR;
 425        ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 426        if (ret)
 427                goto out_free_params;
 428        bootparam_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 429        pr_debug("Loaded boot_param, command line and misc at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 430                 bootparam_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.bufsz);
 431
 432        /* Load kernel */
 433        kbuf.buffer = kernel + kern16_size;
 434        kbuf.bufsz =  kernel_len - kern16_size;
 435        kbuf.memsz = PAGE_ALIGN(header->init_size);
 436        kbuf.buf_align = header->kernel_alignment;
 437        kbuf.buf_min = MIN_KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
 438        ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 439        if (ret)
 440                goto out_free_params;
 441        kernel_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 442
 443        pr_debug("Loaded 64bit kernel at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 444                 kernel_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.memsz);
 445
 446        /* Load initrd high */
 447        if (initrd) {
 448                kbuf.buffer = initrd;
 449                kbuf.bufsz = kbuf.memsz = initrd_len;
 450                kbuf.buf_align = PAGE_SIZE;
 451                kbuf.buf_min = MIN_INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
 452                ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 453                if (ret)
 454                        goto out_free_params;
 455                initrd_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 456
 457                pr_debug("Loaded initrd at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 458                                initrd_load_addr, initrd_len, initrd_len);
 459
 460                setup_initrd(params, initrd_load_addr, initrd_len);
 461        }
 462
 463        setup_cmdline(image, params, bootparam_load_addr,
 464                      sizeof(struct boot_params), cmdline, cmdline_len);
 465
 466        /* bootloader info. Do we need a separate ID for kexec kernel loader? */
 467        params->hdr.type_of_loader = 0x0D << 4;
 468        params->hdr.loadflags = 0;
 469
 470        /* Setup purgatory regs for entry */
 471        ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "entry64_regs", &regs64,
 472                                             sizeof(regs64), 1);
 473        if (ret)
 474                goto out_free_params;
 475
 476        regs64.rbx = 0; /* Bootstrap Processor */
 477        regs64.rsi = bootparam_load_addr;
 478        regs64.rip = kernel_load_addr + 0x200;
 479        stack = kexec_purgatory_get_symbol_addr(image, "stack_end");
 480        if (IS_ERR(stack)) {
 481                pr_err("Could not find address of symbol stack_end\n");
 482                ret = -EINVAL;
 483                goto out_free_params;
 484        }
 485
 486        regs64.rsp = (unsigned long)stack;
 487        ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "entry64_regs", &regs64,
 488                                             sizeof(regs64), 0);
 489        if (ret)
 490                goto out_free_params;
 491
 492        ret = setup_boot_parameters(image, params, bootparam_load_addr,
 493                                    efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz,
 494                                    efi_setup_data_offset);
 495        if (ret)
 496                goto out_free_params;
 497
 498        /* Allocate loader specific data */
 499        ldata = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bzimage64_data), GFP_KERNEL);
 500        if (!ldata) {
 501                ret = -ENOMEM;
 502                goto out_free_params;
 503        }
 504
 505        /*
 506         * Store pointer to params so that it could be freed after loading
 507         * params segment has been loaded and contents have been copied
 508         * somewhere else.
 509         */
 510        ldata->bootparams_buf = params;
 511        return ldata;
 512
 513out_free_params:
 514        kfree(params);
 515        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 516}
 517
 518/* This cleanup function is called after various segments have been loaded */
 519static int bzImage64_cleanup(void *loader_data)
 520{
 521        struct bzimage64_data *ldata = loader_data;
 522
 523        if (!ldata)
 524                return 0;
 525
 526        kfree(ldata->bootparams_buf);
 527        ldata->bootparams_buf = NULL;
 528
 529        return 0;
 530}
 531
 532#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG
 533static int bzImage64_verify_sig(const char *kernel, unsigned long kernel_len)
 534{
 535        return verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 536                                       NULL,
 537                                       VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 538}
 539#endif
 540
 541struct kexec_file_ops kexec_bzImage64_ops = {
 542        .probe = bzImage64_probe,
 543        .load = bzImage64_load,
 544        .cleanup = bzImage64_cleanup,
 545#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG
 546        .verify_sig = bzImage64_verify_sig,
 547#endif
 548};
 549