linux/tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c
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   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2#include <stdio.h>
   3#include "evsel.h"
   4#include "stat.h"
   5#include "color.h"
   6#include "pmu.h"
   7#include "rblist.h"
   8#include "evlist.h"
   9#include "expr.h"
  10#include "metricgroup.h"
  11
  12/*
  13 * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  14 * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  15 * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  16 * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  17 * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  18 */
  19static bool have_frontend_stalled;
  20
  21struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  22struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  23
  24struct saved_value {
  25        struct rb_node rb_node;
  26        struct perf_evsel *evsel;
  27        enum stat_type type;
  28        int ctx;
  29        int cpu;
  30        struct runtime_stat *stat;
  31        struct stats stats;
  32};
  33
  34static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  35{
  36        struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  37                                             struct saved_value,
  38                                             rb_node);
  39        const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  40
  41        if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  42                return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  43
  44        /*
  45         * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  46         * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  47         * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  48         * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  49         * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  50         */
  51        if (a->type != b->type)
  52                return a->type - b->type;
  53
  54        if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  55                return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  56
  57        if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  58                if (a->stat == b->stat)
  59                        return 0;
  60
  61                if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  62                        return -1;
  63
  64                return 1;
  65        }
  66
  67        if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  68                return 0;
  69        if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  70                return -1;
  71        return +1;
  72}
  73
  74static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  75                                     const void *entry)
  76{
  77        struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  78
  79        if (!nd)
  80                return NULL;
  81        memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  82        return &nd->rb_node;
  83}
  84
  85static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  86                               struct rb_node *rb_node)
  87{
  88        struct saved_value *v;
  89
  90        BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  91        v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  92        free(v);
  93}
  94
  95static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
  96                                              int cpu,
  97                                              bool create,
  98                                              enum stat_type type,
  99                                              int ctx,
 100                                              struct runtime_stat *st)
 101{
 102        struct rblist *rblist;
 103        struct rb_node *nd;
 104        struct saved_value dm = {
 105                .cpu = cpu,
 106                .evsel = evsel,
 107                .type = type,
 108                .ctx = ctx,
 109                .stat = st,
 110        };
 111
 112        rblist = &st->value_list;
 113
 114        nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 115        if (nd)
 116                return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 117        if (create) {
 118                rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 119                nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 120                if (nd)
 121                        return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 122        }
 123        return NULL;
 124}
 125
 126void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 127{
 128        struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 129
 130        rblist__init(rblist);
 131        rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 132        rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 133        rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 134}
 135
 136void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 137{
 138        rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 139}
 140
 141void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 142{
 143        have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
 144        runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 145}
 146
 147static int evsel_context(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 148{
 149        int ctx = 0;
 150
 151        if (evsel->attr.exclude_kernel)
 152                ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 153        if (evsel->attr.exclude_user)
 154                ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 155        if (evsel->attr.exclude_hv)
 156                ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 157        if (evsel->attr.exclude_host)
 158                ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 159        if (evsel->attr.exclude_idle)
 160                ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 161
 162        return ctx;
 163}
 164
 165static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 166{
 167        struct rblist *rblist;
 168        struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 169
 170        rblist = &st->value_list;
 171        next = rb_first(&rblist->entries);
 172        while (next) {
 173                pos = next;
 174                next = rb_next(pos);
 175                memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 176                       0,
 177                       sizeof(struct stats));
 178        }
 179}
 180
 181void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 182{
 183        reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 184        memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 185}
 186
 187void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 188{
 189        reset_stat(st);
 190}
 191
 192static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 193                                enum stat_type type,
 194                                int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
 195{
 196        struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
 197                                                   type, ctx, st);
 198
 199        if (v)
 200                update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 201}
 202
 203/*
 204 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 205 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 206 * instruction rates, etc:
 207 */
 208void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 count,
 209                                    int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 210{
 211        int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 212
 213        count *= counter->scale;
 214
 215        if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
 216            perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK))
 217                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count);
 218        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 219                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
 220        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 221                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
 222        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 223                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
 224        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 225                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
 226        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 227                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 228                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 229        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 230                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 231                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 232        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 233                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 234                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 235        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 236                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 237                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 238        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 239                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 240                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 241        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 242                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 243                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 244        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 245                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 246                                    ctx, cpu, count);
 247        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 248                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
 249        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 250                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
 251        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 252                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 253        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 254                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 255        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 256                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 257        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 258                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 259        else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 260                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 261        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 262                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
 263        else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 264                update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
 265
 266        if (counter->collect_stat) {
 267                struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true,
 268                                                           STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 269                update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 270        }
 271}
 272
 273/* used for get_ratio_color() */
 274enum grc_type {
 275        GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 276        GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 277        GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 278        GRC_MAX_NR
 279};
 280
 281static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 282{
 283        static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 284                [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 285                [GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 286                [GRC_CACHE_MISSES]      = { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 287        };
 288        const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 289
 290        if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 291                color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 292        else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 293                color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 294        else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 295                color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 296
 297        return color;
 298}
 299
 300static struct perf_evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list,
 301                                                const char *name)
 302{
 303        struct perf_evsel *c2;
 304
 305        evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 306                if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name))
 307                        return c2;
 308        }
 309        return NULL;
 310}
 311
 312/* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 313void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list)
 314{
 315        struct perf_evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 316        bool found;
 317        const char **metric_names;
 318        int i;
 319        int num_metric_names;
 320
 321        evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 322                bool invalid = false;
 323
 324                leader = counter->leader;
 325                if (!counter->metric_expr)
 326                        continue;
 327                metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 328                if (!metric_events) {
 329                        if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
 330                                                &metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
 331                                continue;
 332
 333                        metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct perf_evsel *),
 334                                               num_metric_names + 1);
 335                        if (!metric_events)
 336                                return;
 337                        counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 338                }
 339
 340                for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
 341                        found = false;
 342                        if (leader) {
 343                                /* Search in group */
 344                                for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 345                                        if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i])) {
 346                                                found = true;
 347                                                break;
 348                                        }
 349                                }
 350                        }
 351                        if (!found) {
 352                                /* Search ignoring groups */
 353                                oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
 354                        }
 355                        if (!oc) {
 356                                /* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 357                                static char *printed;
 358
 359                                /*
 360                                 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 361                                 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 362                                 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 363                                 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 364                                 * events.
 365                                 */
 366                                if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
 367                                        fprintf(stderr,
 368                                                "Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 369                                                metric_names[i],
 370                                                counter->name);
 371                                        printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
 372                                }
 373                                invalid = true;
 374                                continue;
 375                        }
 376                        metric_events[i] = oc;
 377                        oc->collect_stat = true;
 378                }
 379                metric_events[i] = NULL;
 380                free(metric_names);
 381                if (invalid) {
 382                        free(metric_events);
 383                        counter->metric_events = NULL;
 384                        counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 385                }
 386        }
 387}
 388
 389static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 390                               enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 391{
 392        struct saved_value *v;
 393
 394        v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 395        if (!v)
 396                return 0.0;
 397
 398        return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 399}
 400
 401static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 402                             enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 403{
 404        struct saved_value *v;
 405
 406        v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 407        if (!v)
 408                return 0.0;
 409
 410        return v->stats.n;
 411}
 412
 413static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
 414                                          struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 415                                          struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 416                                          struct runtime_stat *st)
 417{
 418        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 419        const char *color;
 420        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 421
 422        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 423
 424        if (total)
 425                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 426
 427        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 428
 429        if (ratio)
 430                out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 431                                  ratio);
 432        else
 433                out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 434}
 435
 436static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
 437                                         struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
 438                                         struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 439                                         struct runtime_stat *st)
 440{
 441        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 442        const char *color;
 443        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 444
 445        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 446
 447        if (total)
 448                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 449
 450        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 451
 452        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 453}
 454
 455static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
 456                                struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 457                                double avg,
 458                                struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 459                                struct runtime_stat *st)
 460{
 461        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 462        const char *color;
 463        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 464
 465        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
 466
 467        if (total)
 468                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 469
 470        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 471
 472        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 473}
 474
 475static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
 476                                   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 477                                   double avg,
 478                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 479                                   struct runtime_stat *st)
 480
 481{
 482        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 483        const char *color;
 484        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 485
 486        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
 487
 488        if (total)
 489                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 490
 491        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 492
 493        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
 494}
 495
 496static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
 497                                   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 498                                   double avg,
 499                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 500                                   struct runtime_stat *st)
 501
 502{
 503        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 504        const char *color;
 505        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 506
 507        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
 508
 509        if (total)
 510                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 511
 512        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 513        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
 514}
 515
 516static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 517                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 518                                    double avg,
 519                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 520                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 521{
 522        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 523        const char *color;
 524        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 525
 526        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 527
 528        if (total)
 529                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 530
 531        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 532        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
 533}
 534
 535static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
 536                                    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 537                                    double avg,
 538                                    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 539                                    struct runtime_stat *st)
 540{
 541        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 542        const char *color;
 543        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 544
 545        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 546
 547        if (total)
 548                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 549
 550        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 551        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
 552}
 553
 554static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
 555                                  struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 556                                  double avg,
 557                                  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 558                                  struct runtime_stat *st)
 559{
 560        double total, ratio = 0.0;
 561        const char *color;
 562        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 563
 564        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 565
 566        if (total)
 567                ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 568
 569        color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 570        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
 571}
 572
 573/*
 574 * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 575 *
 576 * Basic concept following
 577 * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 578 * ISPASS14
 579 *
 580 * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 581 *
 582 * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 583 * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 584 * (for example branch mispredictions)
 585 * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 586 * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 587 * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 588 *
 589 * The formulas are computed in slots.
 590 * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 591 * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 592 *
 593 * Formulas:
 594 * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 595 *                      TotalSlots
 596 * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 597 * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 598 * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 599 *
 600 * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 601 * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 602 *
 603 * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 604 *
 605 * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 606 *
 607 * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 608 * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 609 *
 610 * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 611 * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 612 * support Level 1 TopDown.
 613 */
 614
 615static double sanitize_val(double x)
 616{
 617        if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 618                return 0.0;
 619        return x;
 620}
 621
 622static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 623{
 624        return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
 625}
 626
 627static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 628{
 629        double bad_spec = 0;
 630        double total_slots;
 631        double total;
 632
 633        total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
 634                runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
 635                runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
 636
 637        total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 638        if (total_slots)
 639                bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 640        return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 641}
 642
 643static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 644{
 645        double retiring = 0;
 646        double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 647        double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 648                                            ctx, cpu);
 649
 650        if (total_slots)
 651                retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 652        return retiring;
 653}
 654
 655static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 656{
 657        double fe_bound = 0;
 658        double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 659        double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 660                                            ctx, cpu);
 661
 662        if (total_slots)
 663                fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 664        return fe_bound;
 665}
 666
 667static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 668{
 669        double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
 670                      td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
 671                      td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
 672        if (sum == 0)
 673                return 0;
 674        return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 675}
 676
 677static void print_smi_cost(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 678                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 679                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 680{
 681        double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 682        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 683        const char *color = NULL;
 684
 685        smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
 686        aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
 687        cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 688
 689        if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 690                return;
 691
 692        if (smi_num)
 693                cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 694
 695        if (cost > 10)
 696                color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 697        out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 698        out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 699}
 700
 701static void generic_metric(const char *metric_expr,
 702                           struct perf_evsel **metric_events,
 703                           char *name,
 704                           const char *metric_name,
 705                           double avg,
 706                           int cpu,
 707                           struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 708                           struct runtime_stat *st)
 709{
 710        print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 711        struct parse_ctx pctx;
 712        double ratio;
 713        int i;
 714        void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 715
 716        expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
 717        expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
 718        for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 719                struct saved_value *v;
 720                struct stats *stats;
 721                double scale;
 722
 723                if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 724                        stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 725                        scale = 1e-9;
 726                } else {
 727                        v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 728                                               STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 729                        if (!v)
 730                                break;
 731                        stats = &v->stats;
 732                        scale = 1.0;
 733                }
 734                expr__add_id(&pctx, metric_events[i]->name, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 735        }
 736        if (!metric_events[i]) {
 737                const char *p = metric_expr;
 738
 739                if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0)
 740                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 741                                metric_name ?
 742                                metric_name :
 743                                out->force_header ?  name : "",
 744                                ratio);
 745                else
 746                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 747                                     out->force_header ?
 748                                     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 749        } else
 750                print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
 751}
 752
 753void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 754                                   double avg, int cpu,
 755                                   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 756                                   struct rblist *metric_events,
 757                                   struct runtime_stat *st)
 758{
 759        void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 760        print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 761        double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 762        const char *color = NULL;
 763        int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 764        struct metric_event *me;
 765        int num = 1;
 766
 767        if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 768                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 769
 770                if (total) {
 771                        ratio = avg / total;
 772                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 773                                        "insn per cycle", ratio);
 774                } else {
 775                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 776                }
 777
 778                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 779                                         ctx, cpu);
 780
 781                total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 782                                                    STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 783                                                    ctx, cpu));
 784
 785                if (total && avg) {
 786                        out->new_line(ctxp);
 787                        ratio = total / avg;
 788                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 789                                        "stalled cycles per insn",
 790                                        ratio);
 791                } else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
 792                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 793                                     "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
 794                }
 795        } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 796                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 797                        print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 798                else
 799                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 800        } else if (
 801                evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 802                evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 803                                        ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 804                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 805
 806                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 807                        print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 808                else
 809                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
 810        } else if (
 811                evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 812                evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
 813                                        ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 814                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 815
 816                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 817                        print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 818                else
 819                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
 820        } else if (
 821                evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 822                evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
 823                                        ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 824                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 825
 826                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 827                        print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 828                else
 829                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
 830        } else if (
 831                evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 832                evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
 833                                        ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 834                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 835
 836                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 837                        print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 838                else
 839                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
 840        } else if (
 841                evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 842                evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
 843                                        ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 844                                         ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 845
 846                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 847                        print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 848                else
 849                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
 850        } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
 851                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
 852
 853                if (total)
 854                        ratio = avg * 100 / total;
 855
 856                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 857                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
 858                                     "of all cache refs", ratio);
 859                else
 860                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
 861        } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
 862                print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 863        } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
 864                print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 865        } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
 866                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 867
 868                if (total) {
 869                        ratio = avg / total;
 870                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
 871                } else {
 872                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
 873                }
 874        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
 875                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 876
 877                if (total)
 878                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL,
 879                                        "%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
 880                                        100.0 * (avg / total));
 881                else
 882                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
 883                                     0);
 884        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
 885                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 886                total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
 887
 888                if (total2 < avg)
 889                        total2 = avg;
 890                if (total)
 891                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
 892                                100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
 893                else
 894                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
 895        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
 896                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 897                                         ctx, cpu);
 898
 899                if (avg)
 900                        ratio = total / avg;
 901
 902                if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 903                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
 904                                     "cycles / transaction", ratio);
 905                else
 906                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
 907                                      0);
 908        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
 909                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 910                                         ctx, cpu);
 911
 912                if (avg)
 913                        ratio = total / avg;
 914
 915                print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
 916        } else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
 917                   perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK)) {
 918                if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
 919                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
 920                                     avg / ratio);
 921                else
 922                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
 923        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
 924                double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 925
 926                if (fe_bound > 0.2)
 927                        color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 928                print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
 929                                fe_bound * 100.);
 930        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
 931                double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
 932
 933                if (retiring > 0.7)
 934                        color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
 935                print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
 936                                retiring * 100.);
 937        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
 938                double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
 939
 940                if (bad_spec > 0.1)
 941                        color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 942                print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
 943                                bad_spec * 100.);
 944        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
 945                double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 946                const char *name = "backend bound";
 947                static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
 948
 949                /* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
 950                if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
 951                        have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
 952                                        "topdown-recovery-bubbles");
 953                if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
 954                        name = "backend bound/bad spec";
 955
 956                if (be_bound > 0.2)
 957                        color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 958                if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
 959                        print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
 960                                        be_bound * 100.);
 961                else
 962                        print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
 963        } else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
 964                generic_metric(evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
 965                                evsel->metric_name, avg, cpu, out, st);
 966        } else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
 967                char unit = 'M';
 968                char unit_buf[10];
 969
 970                total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 971
 972                if (total)
 973                        ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
 974                if (ratio < 0.001) {
 975                        ratio *= 1000;
 976                        unit = 'K';
 977                }
 978                snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
 979                print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
 980        } else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
 981                print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out, st);
 982        } else {
 983                num = 0;
 984        }
 985
 986        if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
 987                struct metric_expr *mexp;
 988
 989                list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
 990                        if (num++ > 0)
 991                                out->new_line(ctxp);
 992                        generic_metric(mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
 993                                        evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
 994                                        avg, cpu, out, st);
 995                }
 996        }
 997        if (num == 0)
 998                print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
 999}
1000