linux/include/linux/compiler-gcc.h
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   1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
   2#ifndef __LINUX_COMPILER_TYPES_H
   3#error "Please don't include <linux/compiler-gcc.h> directly, include <linux/compiler.h> instead."
   4#endif
   5
   6/*
   7 * Common definitions for all gcc versions go here.
   8 */
   9#define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 10000           \
  10                     + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100     \
  11                     + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
  12
  13/* Optimization barrier */
  14
  15/* The "volatile" is due to gcc bugs */
  16#define barrier() __asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory")
  17/*
  18 * This version is i.e. to prevent dead stores elimination on @ptr
  19 * where gcc and llvm may behave differently when otherwise using
  20 * normal barrier(): while gcc behavior gets along with a normal
  21 * barrier(), llvm needs an explicit input variable to be assumed
  22 * clobbered. The issue is as follows: while the inline asm might
  23 * access any memory it wants, the compiler could have fit all of
  24 * @ptr into memory registers instead, and since @ptr never escaped
  25 * from that, it proved that the inline asm wasn't touching any of
  26 * it. This version works well with both compilers, i.e. we're telling
  27 * the compiler that the inline asm absolutely may see the contents
  28 * of @ptr. See also: https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=15495
  29 */
  30#define barrier_data(ptr) __asm__ __volatile__("": :"r"(ptr) :"memory")
  31
  32/*
  33 * This macro obfuscates arithmetic on a variable address so that gcc
  34 * shouldn't recognize the original var, and make assumptions about it.
  35 *
  36 * This is needed because the C standard makes it undefined to do
  37 * pointer arithmetic on "objects" outside their boundaries and the
  38 * gcc optimizers assume this is the case. In particular they
  39 * assume such arithmetic does not wrap.
  40 *
  41 * A miscompilation has been observed because of this on PPC.
  42 * To work around it we hide the relationship of the pointer and the object
  43 * using this macro.
  44 *
  45 * Versions of the ppc64 compiler before 4.1 had a bug where use of
  46 * RELOC_HIDE could trash r30. The bug can be worked around by changing
  47 * the inline assembly constraint from =g to =r, in this particular
  48 * case either is valid.
  49 */
  50#define RELOC_HIDE(ptr, off)                                            \
  51({                                                                      \
  52        unsigned long __ptr;                                            \
  53        __asm__ ("" : "=r"(__ptr) : "0"(ptr));                          \
  54        (typeof(ptr)) (__ptr + (off));                                  \
  55})
  56
  57/* Make the optimizer believe the variable can be manipulated arbitrarily. */
  58#define OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR(var)                                         \
  59        __asm__ ("" : "=r" (var) : "0" (var))
  60
  61#ifdef __CHECKER__
  62#define __must_be_array(a)      0
  63#else
  64/* &a[0] degrades to a pointer: a different type from an array */
  65#define __must_be_array(a)      BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(__same_type((a), &(a)[0]))
  66#endif
  67
  68/*
  69 * Feature detection for gnu_inline (gnu89 extern inline semantics). Either
  70 * __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__ is defined (not using gnu89 extern inline semantics,
  71 * and we opt in to the gnu89 semantics), or __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__ is not
  72 * defined so the gnu89 semantics are the default.
  73 */
  74#ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
  75# define __gnu_inline   __attribute__((gnu_inline))
  76#else
  77# define __gnu_inline
  78#endif
  79
  80/*
  81 * Force always-inline if the user requests it so via the .config,
  82 * or if gcc is too old.
  83 * GCC does not warn about unused static inline functions for
  84 * -Wunused-function.  This turns out to avoid the need for complex #ifdef
  85 * directives.  Suppress the warning in clang as well by using "unused"
  86 * function attribute, which is redundant but not harmful for gcc.
  87 * Prefer gnu_inline, so that extern inline functions do not emit an
  88 * externally visible function. This makes extern inline behave as per gnu89
  89 * semantics rather than c99. This prevents multiple symbol definition errors
  90 * of extern inline functions at link time.
  91 * A lot of inline functions can cause havoc with function tracing.
  92 */
  93#if !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_OPTIMIZED_INLINING) ||                \
  94    !defined(CONFIG_OPTIMIZE_INLINING) || (__GNUC__ < 4)
  95#define inline \
  96        inline __attribute__((always_inline, unused)) notrace __gnu_inline
  97#else
  98#define inline inline           __attribute__((unused)) notrace __gnu_inline
  99#endif
 100
 101#define __inline__ inline
 102#define __inline inline
 103#define __always_inline inline __attribute__((always_inline))
 104#define  noinline       __attribute__((noinline))
 105
 106#define __deprecated    __attribute__((deprecated))
 107#define __packed        __attribute__((packed))
 108#define __weak          __attribute__((weak))
 109#define __alias(symbol) __attribute__((alias(#symbol)))
 110
 111#ifdef RETPOLINE
 112#define __noretpoline __attribute__((indirect_branch("keep")))
 113#endif
 114
 115/*
 116 * it doesn't make sense on ARM (currently the only user of __naked)
 117 * to trace naked functions because then mcount is called without
 118 * stack and frame pointer being set up and there is no chance to
 119 * restore the lr register to the value before mcount was called.
 120 *
 121 * The asm() bodies of naked functions often depend on standard calling
 122 * conventions, therefore they must be noinline and noclone.
 123 *
 124 * GCC 4.[56] currently fail to enforce this, so we must do so ourselves.
 125 * See GCC PR44290.
 126 */
 127#define __naked         __attribute__((naked)) noinline __noclone notrace
 128
 129#define __noreturn      __attribute__((noreturn))
 130
 131/*
 132 * From the GCC manual:
 133 *
 134 * Many functions have no effects except the return value and their
 135 * return value depends only on the parameters and/or global
 136 * variables.  Such a function can be subject to common subexpression
 137 * elimination and loop optimization just as an arithmetic operator
 138 * would be.
 139 * [...]
 140 */
 141#define __pure                  __attribute__((pure))
 142#define __aligned(x)            __attribute__((aligned(x)))
 143#define __aligned_largest       __attribute__((aligned))
 144#define __printf(a, b)          __attribute__((format(printf, a, b)))
 145#define __scanf(a, b)           __attribute__((format(scanf, a, b)))
 146#define __attribute_const__     __attribute__((__const__))
 147#define __maybe_unused          __attribute__((unused))
 148#define __always_unused         __attribute__((unused))
 149#define __mode(x)               __attribute__((mode(x)))
 150
 151/* gcc version specific checks */
 152
 153#if GCC_VERSION < 30200
 154# error Sorry, your compiler is too old - please upgrade it.
 155#endif
 156
 157#if GCC_VERSION < 30300
 158# define __used                 __attribute__((__unused__))
 159#else
 160# define __used                 __attribute__((__used__))
 161#endif
 162
 163#ifdef CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL
 164# if GCC_VERSION < 30400
 165#   error "GCOV profiling support for gcc versions below 3.4 not included"
 166# endif /* __GNUC_MINOR__ */
 167#endif /* CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL */
 168
 169#if GCC_VERSION >= 30400
 170#define __must_check            __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
 171#define __malloc                __attribute__((__malloc__))
 172#endif
 173
 174#if GCC_VERSION >= 40000
 175
 176/* GCC 4.1.[01] miscompiles __weak */
 177#ifdef __KERNEL__
 178# if GCC_VERSION >= 40100 &&  GCC_VERSION <= 40101
 179#  error Your version of gcc miscompiles the __weak directive
 180# endif
 181#endif
 182
 183#define __used                  __attribute__((__used__))
 184#define __compiler_offsetof(a, b)                                       \
 185        __builtin_offsetof(a, b)
 186
 187#if GCC_VERSION >= 40100
 188# define __compiletime_object_size(obj) __builtin_object_size(obj, 0)
 189#endif
 190
 191#if GCC_VERSION >= 40300
 192/* Mark functions as cold. gcc will assume any path leading to a call
 193 * to them will be unlikely.  This means a lot of manual unlikely()s
 194 * are unnecessary now for any paths leading to the usual suspects
 195 * like BUG(), printk(), panic() etc. [but let's keep them for now for
 196 * older compilers]
 197 *
 198 * Early snapshots of gcc 4.3 don't support this and we can't detect this
 199 * in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're unreleased.
 200 * Maketime probing would be overkill here.
 201 *
 202 * gcc also has a __attribute__((__hot__)) to move hot functions into
 203 * a special section, but I don't see any sense in this right now in
 204 * the kernel context
 205 */
 206#define __cold                  __attribute__((__cold__))
 207
 208#define __UNIQUE_ID(prefix) __PASTE(__PASTE(__UNIQUE_ID_, prefix), __COUNTER__)
 209
 210#ifndef __CHECKER__
 211# define __compiletime_warning(message) __attribute__((warning(message)))
 212# define __compiletime_error(message) __attribute__((error(message)))
 213#endif /* __CHECKER__ */
 214#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40300 */
 215
 216#if GCC_VERSION >= 40400
 217#define __optimize(level)       __attribute__((__optimize__(level)))
 218#define __nostackprotector      __optimize("no-stack-protector")
 219#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40400 */
 220
 221#if GCC_VERSION >= 40500
 222
 223#ifndef __CHECKER__
 224#ifdef LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN
 225#define __latent_entropy __attribute__((latent_entropy))
 226#endif
 227#endif
 228
 229/*
 230 * calling noreturn functions, __builtin_unreachable() and __builtin_trap()
 231 * confuse the stack allocation in gcc, leading to overly large stack
 232 * frames, see https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82365
 233 *
 234 * Adding an empty inline assembly before it works around the problem
 235 */
 236#define barrier_before_unreachable() asm volatile("")
 237
 238/*
 239 * Mark a position in code as unreachable.  This can be used to
 240 * suppress control flow warnings after asm blocks that transfer
 241 * control elsewhere.
 242 *
 243 * Early snapshots of gcc 4.5 don't support this and we can't detect
 244 * this in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're
 245 * unreleased.  Really, we need to have autoconf for the kernel.
 246 */
 247#define unreachable() \
 248        do {                                    \
 249                annotate_unreachable();         \
 250                barrier_before_unreachable();   \
 251                __builtin_unreachable();        \
 252        } while (0)
 253
 254/* Mark a function definition as prohibited from being cloned. */
 255#define __noclone       __attribute__((__noclone__, __optimize__("no-tracer")))
 256
 257#if defined(RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN) && !defined(__CHECKER__)
 258#define __randomize_layout __attribute__((randomize_layout))
 259#define __no_randomize_layout __attribute__((no_randomize_layout))
 260/* This anon struct can add padding, so only enable it under randstruct. */
 261#define randomized_struct_fields_start  struct {
 262#define randomized_struct_fields_end    } __randomize_layout;
 263#endif
 264
 265#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40500 */
 266
 267#if GCC_VERSION >= 40600
 268
 269/*
 270 * When used with Link Time Optimization, gcc can optimize away C functions or
 271 * variables which are referenced only from assembly code.  __visible tells the
 272 * optimizer that something else uses this function or variable, thus preventing
 273 * this.
 274 */
 275#define __visible       __attribute__((externally_visible))
 276
 277#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40600 */
 278
 279
 280#if GCC_VERSION >= 40900 && !defined(__CHECKER__)
 281/*
 282 * __assume_aligned(n, k): Tell the optimizer that the returned
 283 * pointer can be assumed to be k modulo n. The second argument is
 284 * optional (default 0), so we use a variadic macro to make the
 285 * shorthand.
 286 *
 287 * Beware: Do not apply this to functions which may return
 288 * ERR_PTRs. Also, it is probably unwise to apply it to functions
 289 * returning extra information in the low bits (but in that case the
 290 * compiler should see some alignment anyway, when the return value is
 291 * massaged by 'flags = ptr & 3; ptr &= ~3;').
 292 */
 293#define __assume_aligned(a, ...) __attribute__((__assume_aligned__(a, ## __VA_ARGS__)))
 294#endif
 295
 296/*
 297 * GCC 'asm goto' miscompiles certain code sequences:
 298 *
 299 *   http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=58670
 300 *
 301 * Work it around via a compiler barrier quirk suggested by Jakub Jelinek.
 302 *
 303 * (asm goto is automatically volatile - the naming reflects this.)
 304 */
 305#define asm_volatile_goto(x...) do { asm goto(x); asm (""); } while (0)
 306
 307/*
 308 * sparse (__CHECKER__) pretends to be gcc, but can't do constant
 309 * folding in __builtin_bswap*() (yet), so don't set these for it.
 310 */
 311#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP) && !defined(__CHECKER__)
 312#if GCC_VERSION >= 40400
 313#define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP32__
 314#define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP64__
 315#endif
 316#if GCC_VERSION >= 40800
 317#define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__
 318#endif
 319#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP && !__CHECKER__ */
 320
 321#if GCC_VERSION >= 70000
 322#define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 5
 323#elif GCC_VERSION >= 50000
 324#define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 4
 325#elif GCC_VERSION >= 40902
 326#define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 3
 327#endif
 328
 329#if GCC_VERSION >= 40902
 330/*
 331 * Tell the compiler that address safety instrumentation (KASAN)
 332 * should not be applied to that function.
 333 * Conflicts with inlining: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=67368
 334 */
 335#define __no_sanitize_address __attribute__((no_sanitize_address))
 336#endif
 337
 338#if GCC_VERSION >= 50100
 339/*
 340 * Mark structures as requiring designated initializers.
 341 * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Designated-Inits.html
 342 */
 343#define __designated_init __attribute__((designated_init))
 344#endif
 345
 346#endif  /* gcc version >= 40000 specific checks */
 347
 348#if !defined(__noclone)
 349#define __noclone       /* not needed */
 350#endif
 351
 352#if !defined(__no_sanitize_address)
 353#define __no_sanitize_address
 354#endif
 355
 356/*
 357 * A trick to suppress uninitialized variable warning without generating any
 358 * code
 359 */
 360#define uninitialized_var(x) x = x
 361
 362#if GCC_VERSION >= 50100
 363#define COMPILER_HAS_GENERIC_BUILTIN_OVERFLOW 1
 364#endif
 365
 366/*
 367 * Turn individual warnings and errors on and off locally, depending
 368 * on version.
 369 */
 370#define __diag_GCC(version, severity, s) \
 371        __diag_GCC_ ## version(__diag_GCC_ ## severity s)
 372
 373/* Severity used in pragma directives */
 374#define __diag_GCC_ignore       ignored
 375#define __diag_GCC_warn         warning
 376#define __diag_GCC_error        error
 377
 378/* Compilers before gcc-4.6 do not understand "#pragma GCC diagnostic push" */
 379#if GCC_VERSION >= 40600
 380#define __diag_str1(s)          #s
 381#define __diag_str(s)           __diag_str1(s)
 382#define __diag(s)               _Pragma(__diag_str(GCC diagnostic s))
 383#endif
 384
 385#if GCC_VERSION >= 80000
 386#define __diag_GCC_8(s)         __diag(s)
 387#else
 388#define __diag_GCC_8(s)
 389#endif
 390