linux/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c
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   1/*  Paravirtualization interfaces
   2    Copyright (C) 2006 Rusty Russell IBM Corporation
   3
   4    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   5    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   6    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   7    (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  12    GNU General Public License for more details.
  13
  14    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  16    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
  17
  18    2007 - x86_64 support added by Glauber de Oliveira Costa, Red Hat Inc
  19*/
  20
  21#include <linux/errno.h>
  22#include <linux/module.h>
  23#include <linux/efi.h>
  24#include <linux/bcd.h>
  25#include <linux/highmem.h>
  26#include <linux/kprobes.h>
  27
  28#include <asm/bug.h>
  29#include <asm/paravirt.h>
  30#include <asm/debugreg.h>
  31#include <asm/desc.h>
  32#include <asm/setup.h>
  33#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  34#include <asm/time.h>
  35#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  36#include <asm/irq.h>
  37#include <asm/delay.h>
  38#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  39#include <asm/apic.h>
  40#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  41#include <asm/timer.h>
  42#include <asm/special_insns.h>
  43
  44/* nop stub */
  45void _paravirt_nop(void)
  46{
  47}
  48
  49/* identity function, which can be inlined */
  50u32 _paravirt_ident_32(u32 x)
  51{
  52        return x;
  53}
  54
  55u64 _paravirt_ident_64(u64 x)
  56{
  57        return x;
  58}
  59
  60void __init default_banner(void)
  61{
  62        printk(KERN_INFO "Booting paravirtualized kernel on %s\n",
  63               pv_info.name);
  64}
  65
  66/* Undefined instruction for dealing with missing ops pointers. */
  67static const unsigned char ud2a[] = { 0x0f, 0x0b };
  68
  69unsigned paravirt_patch_nop(void)
  70{
  71        return 0;
  72}
  73
  74unsigned paravirt_patch_ignore(unsigned len)
  75{
  76        return len;
  77}
  78
  79struct branch {
  80        unsigned char opcode;
  81        u32 delta;
  82} __attribute__((packed));
  83
  84unsigned paravirt_patch_call(void *insnbuf,
  85                             const void *target, u16 tgt_clobbers,
  86                             unsigned long addr, u16 site_clobbers,
  87                             unsigned len)
  88{
  89        struct branch *b = insnbuf;
  90        unsigned long delta = (unsigned long)target - (addr+5);
  91
  92        if (tgt_clobbers & ~site_clobbers)
  93                return len;     /* target would clobber too much for this site */
  94        if (len < 5)
  95                return len;     /* call too long for patch site */
  96
  97        b->opcode = 0xe8; /* call */
  98        b->delta = delta;
  99        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(*b) != 5);
 100
 101        return 5;
 102}
 103
 104unsigned paravirt_patch_jmp(void *insnbuf, const void *target,
 105                            unsigned long addr, unsigned len)
 106{
 107        struct branch *b = insnbuf;
 108        unsigned long delta = (unsigned long)target - (addr+5);
 109
 110        if (len < 5)
 111                return len;     /* call too long for patch site */
 112
 113        b->opcode = 0xe9;       /* jmp */
 114        b->delta = delta;
 115
 116        return 5;
 117}
 118
 119/* Neat trick to map patch type back to the call within the
 120 * corresponding structure. */
 121static void *get_call_destination(u8 type)
 122{
 123        struct paravirt_patch_template tmpl = {
 124                .pv_init_ops = pv_init_ops,
 125                .pv_time_ops = pv_time_ops,
 126                .pv_cpu_ops = pv_cpu_ops,
 127                .pv_irq_ops = pv_irq_ops,
 128                .pv_apic_ops = pv_apic_ops,
 129                .pv_mmu_ops = pv_mmu_ops,
 130#ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS
 131                .pv_lock_ops = pv_lock_ops,
 132#endif
 133        };
 134        return *((void **)&tmpl + type);
 135}
 136
 137unsigned paravirt_patch_default(u8 type, u16 clobbers, void *insnbuf,
 138                                unsigned long addr, unsigned len)
 139{
 140        void *opfunc = get_call_destination(type);
 141        unsigned ret;
 142
 143        if (opfunc == NULL)
 144                /* If there's no function, patch it with a ud2a (BUG) */
 145                ret = paravirt_patch_insns(insnbuf, len, ud2a, ud2a+sizeof(ud2a));
 146        else if (opfunc == _paravirt_nop)
 147                /* If the operation is a nop, then nop the callsite */
 148                ret = paravirt_patch_nop();
 149
 150        /* identity functions just return their single argument */
 151        else if (opfunc == _paravirt_ident_32)
 152                ret = paravirt_patch_ident_32(insnbuf, len);
 153        else if (opfunc == _paravirt_ident_64)
 154                ret = paravirt_patch_ident_64(insnbuf, len);
 155
 156        else if (type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.iret) ||
 157#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 158                 type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.irq_enable_sysexit) ||
 159#endif
 160                 type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.usergs_sysret32) ||
 161                 type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.usergs_sysret64))
 162                /* If operation requires a jmp, then jmp */
 163                ret = paravirt_patch_jmp(insnbuf, opfunc, addr, len);
 164        else
 165                /* Otherwise call the function; assume target could
 166                   clobber any caller-save reg */
 167                ret = paravirt_patch_call(insnbuf, opfunc, CLBR_ANY,
 168                                          addr, clobbers, len);
 169
 170        return ret;
 171}
 172
 173unsigned paravirt_patch_insns(void *insnbuf, unsigned len,
 174                              const char *start, const char *end)
 175{
 176        unsigned insn_len = end - start;
 177
 178        if (insn_len > len || start == NULL)
 179                insn_len = len;
 180        else
 181                memcpy(insnbuf, start, insn_len);
 182
 183        return insn_len;
 184}
 185
 186static void native_flush_tlb(void)
 187{
 188        __native_flush_tlb();
 189}
 190
 191/*
 192 * Global pages have to be flushed a bit differently. Not a real
 193 * performance problem because this does not happen often.
 194 */
 195static void native_flush_tlb_global(void)
 196{
 197        __native_flush_tlb_global();
 198}
 199
 200static void native_flush_tlb_single(unsigned long addr)
 201{
 202        __native_flush_tlb_single(addr);
 203}
 204
 205struct static_key paravirt_steal_enabled;
 206struct static_key paravirt_steal_rq_enabled;
 207
 208static u64 native_steal_clock(int cpu)
 209{
 210        return 0;
 211}
 212
 213/* These are in entry.S */
 214extern void native_iret(void);
 215extern void native_irq_enable_sysexit(void);
 216extern void native_usergs_sysret32(void);
 217extern void native_usergs_sysret64(void);
 218
 219static struct resource reserve_ioports = {
 220        .start = 0,
 221        .end = IO_SPACE_LIMIT,
 222        .name = "paravirt-ioport",
 223        .flags = IORESOURCE_IO | IORESOURCE_BUSY,
 224};
 225
 226/*
 227 * Reserve the whole legacy IO space to prevent any legacy drivers
 228 * from wasting time probing for their hardware.  This is a fairly
 229 * brute-force approach to disabling all non-virtual drivers.
 230 *
 231 * Note that this must be called very early to have any effect.
 232 */
 233int paravirt_disable_iospace(void)
 234{
 235        return request_resource(&ioport_resource, &reserve_ioports);
 236}
 237
 238static DEFINE_PER_CPU(enum paravirt_lazy_mode, paravirt_lazy_mode) = PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE;
 239
 240static inline void enter_lazy(enum paravirt_lazy_mode mode)
 241{
 242        BUG_ON(this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode) != PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE);
 243
 244        this_cpu_write(paravirt_lazy_mode, mode);
 245}
 246
 247static void leave_lazy(enum paravirt_lazy_mode mode)
 248{
 249        BUG_ON(this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode) != mode);
 250
 251        this_cpu_write(paravirt_lazy_mode, PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE);
 252}
 253
 254void paravirt_enter_lazy_mmu(void)
 255{
 256        enter_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU);
 257}
 258
 259void paravirt_leave_lazy_mmu(void)
 260{
 261        leave_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU);
 262}
 263
 264void paravirt_flush_lazy_mmu(void)
 265{
 266        preempt_disable();
 267
 268        if (paravirt_get_lazy_mode() == PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU) {
 269                arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
 270                arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
 271        }
 272
 273        preempt_enable();
 274}
 275
 276void paravirt_start_context_switch(struct task_struct *prev)
 277{
 278        BUG_ON(preemptible());
 279
 280        if (this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode) == PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU) {
 281                arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
 282                set_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(prev), TIF_LAZY_MMU_UPDATES);
 283        }
 284        enter_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU);
 285}
 286
 287void paravirt_end_context_switch(struct task_struct *next)
 288{
 289        BUG_ON(preemptible());
 290
 291        leave_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU);
 292
 293        if (test_and_clear_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(next), TIF_LAZY_MMU_UPDATES))
 294                arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
 295}
 296
 297enum paravirt_lazy_mode paravirt_get_lazy_mode(void)
 298{
 299        if (in_interrupt())
 300                return PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE;
 301
 302        return this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode);
 303}
 304
 305struct pv_info pv_info = {
 306        .name = "bare hardware",
 307        .paravirt_enabled = 0,
 308        .kernel_rpl = 0,
 309        .shared_kernel_pmd = 1, /* Only used when CONFIG_X86_PAE is set */
 310
 311#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 312        .extra_user_64bit_cs = __USER_CS,
 313#endif
 314};
 315
 316struct pv_init_ops pv_init_ops = {
 317        .patch = native_patch,
 318};
 319
 320struct pv_time_ops pv_time_ops = {
 321        .sched_clock = native_sched_clock,
 322        .steal_clock = native_steal_clock,
 323};
 324
 325__visible struct pv_irq_ops pv_irq_ops = {
 326        .save_fl = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_save_fl),
 327        .restore_fl = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_restore_fl),
 328        .irq_disable = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_irq_disable),
 329        .irq_enable = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_irq_enable),
 330        .safe_halt = native_safe_halt,
 331        .halt = native_halt,
 332#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 333        .adjust_exception_frame = paravirt_nop,
 334#endif
 335};
 336
 337__visible struct pv_cpu_ops pv_cpu_ops = {
 338        .cpuid = native_cpuid,
 339        .get_debugreg = native_get_debugreg,
 340        .set_debugreg = native_set_debugreg,
 341        .clts = native_clts,
 342        .read_cr0 = native_read_cr0,
 343        .write_cr0 = native_write_cr0,
 344        .read_cr4 = native_read_cr4,
 345        .read_cr4_safe = native_read_cr4_safe,
 346        .write_cr4 = native_write_cr4,
 347#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 348        .read_cr8 = native_read_cr8,
 349        .write_cr8 = native_write_cr8,
 350#endif
 351        .wbinvd = native_wbinvd,
 352        .read_msr = native_read_msr_safe,
 353        .write_msr = native_write_msr_safe,
 354        .read_tsc = native_read_tsc,
 355        .read_pmc = native_read_pmc,
 356        .read_tscp = native_read_tscp,
 357        .load_tr_desc = native_load_tr_desc,
 358        .set_ldt = native_set_ldt,
 359        .load_gdt = native_load_gdt,
 360        .load_idt = native_load_idt,
 361        .store_idt = native_store_idt,
 362        .store_tr = native_store_tr,
 363        .load_tls = native_load_tls,
 364#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 365        .load_gs_index = native_load_gs_index,
 366#endif
 367        .write_ldt_entry = native_write_ldt_entry,
 368        .write_gdt_entry = native_write_gdt_entry,
 369        .write_idt_entry = native_write_idt_entry,
 370
 371        .alloc_ldt = paravirt_nop,
 372        .free_ldt = paravirt_nop,
 373
 374        .load_sp0 = native_load_sp0,
 375
 376#if defined(CONFIG_X86_32)
 377        .irq_enable_sysexit = native_irq_enable_sysexit,
 378#endif
 379#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 380#ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
 381        .usergs_sysret32 = native_usergs_sysret32,
 382#endif
 383        .usergs_sysret64 = native_usergs_sysret64,
 384#endif
 385        .iret = native_iret,
 386        .swapgs = native_swapgs,
 387
 388        .set_iopl_mask = native_set_iopl_mask,
 389        .io_delay = native_io_delay,
 390
 391        .start_context_switch = paravirt_nop,
 392        .end_context_switch = paravirt_nop,
 393};
 394
 395/* At this point, native_get/set_debugreg has real function entries */
 396NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(native_get_debugreg);
 397NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(native_set_debugreg);
 398NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(native_load_idt);
 399
 400struct pv_apic_ops pv_apic_ops = {
 401#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
 402        .startup_ipi_hook = paravirt_nop,
 403#endif
 404};
 405
 406#if defined(CONFIG_X86_32) && !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE)
 407/* 32-bit pagetable entries */
 408#define PTE_IDENT       __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(_paravirt_ident_32)
 409#else
 410/* 64-bit pagetable entries */
 411#define PTE_IDENT       __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(_paravirt_ident_64)
 412#endif
 413
 414struct pv_mmu_ops pv_mmu_ops = {
 415
 416        .read_cr2 = native_read_cr2,
 417        .write_cr2 = native_write_cr2,
 418        .read_cr3 = native_read_cr3,
 419        .write_cr3 = native_write_cr3,
 420
 421        .flush_tlb_user = native_flush_tlb,
 422        .flush_tlb_kernel = native_flush_tlb_global,
 423        .flush_tlb_single = native_flush_tlb_single,
 424        .flush_tlb_others = native_flush_tlb_others,
 425
 426        .pgd_alloc = __paravirt_pgd_alloc,
 427        .pgd_free = paravirt_nop,
 428
 429        .alloc_pte = paravirt_nop,
 430        .alloc_pmd = paravirt_nop,
 431        .alloc_pud = paravirt_nop,
 432        .release_pte = paravirt_nop,
 433        .release_pmd = paravirt_nop,
 434        .release_pud = paravirt_nop,
 435
 436        .set_pte = native_set_pte,
 437        .set_pte_at = native_set_pte_at,
 438        .set_pmd = native_set_pmd,
 439        .set_pmd_at = native_set_pmd_at,
 440        .pte_update = paravirt_nop,
 441        .pte_update_defer = paravirt_nop,
 442        .pmd_update = paravirt_nop,
 443        .pmd_update_defer = paravirt_nop,
 444
 445        .ptep_modify_prot_start = __ptep_modify_prot_start,
 446        .ptep_modify_prot_commit = __ptep_modify_prot_commit,
 447
 448#if CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS >= 3
 449#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 450        .set_pte_atomic = native_set_pte_atomic,
 451        .pte_clear = native_pte_clear,
 452        .pmd_clear = native_pmd_clear,
 453#endif
 454        .set_pud = native_set_pud,
 455
 456        .pmd_val = PTE_IDENT,
 457        .make_pmd = PTE_IDENT,
 458
 459#if CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS == 4
 460        .pud_val = PTE_IDENT,
 461        .make_pud = PTE_IDENT,
 462
 463        .set_pgd = native_set_pgd,
 464#endif
 465#endif /* CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS >= 3 */
 466
 467        .pte_val = PTE_IDENT,
 468        .pgd_val = PTE_IDENT,
 469
 470        .make_pte = PTE_IDENT,
 471        .make_pgd = PTE_IDENT,
 472
 473        .dup_mmap = paravirt_nop,
 474        .exit_mmap = paravirt_nop,
 475        .activate_mm = paravirt_nop,
 476
 477        .lazy_mode = {
 478                .enter = paravirt_nop,
 479                .leave = paravirt_nop,
 480                .flush = paravirt_nop,
 481        },
 482
 483        .set_fixmap = native_set_fixmap,
 484};
 485
 486EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pv_time_ops);
 487EXPORT_SYMBOL    (pv_cpu_ops);
 488EXPORT_SYMBOL    (pv_mmu_ops);
 489EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pv_apic_ops);
 490EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pv_info);
 491EXPORT_SYMBOL    (pv_irq_ops);
 492