linux/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h
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   1/*
   2 * RCU expedited grace periods
   3 *
   4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   7 * (at your option) any later version.
   8 *
   9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
  13 *
  14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15 * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
  16 * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
  17 *
  18 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2016
  19 *
  20 * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
  21 */
  22
  23/* Wrapper functions for expedited grace periods.  */
  24static void rcu_exp_gp_seq_start(struct rcu_state *rsp)
  25{
  26        rcu_seq_start(&rsp->expedited_sequence);
  27}
  28static void rcu_exp_gp_seq_end(struct rcu_state *rsp)
  29{
  30        rcu_seq_end(&rsp->expedited_sequence);
  31        smp_mb(); /* Ensure that consecutive grace periods serialize. */
  32}
  33static unsigned long rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(struct rcu_state *rsp)
  34{
  35        unsigned long s;
  36
  37        smp_mb(); /* Caller's modifications seen first by other CPUs. */
  38        s = rcu_seq_snap(&rsp->expedited_sequence);
  39        trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rsp->name, s, TPS("snap"));
  40        return s;
  41}
  42static bool rcu_exp_gp_seq_done(struct rcu_state *rsp, unsigned long s)
  43{
  44        return rcu_seq_done(&rsp->expedited_sequence, s);
  45}
  46
  47/*
  48 * Reset the ->expmaskinit values in the rcu_node tree to reflect any
  49 * recent CPU-online activity.  Note that these masks are not cleared
  50 * when CPUs go offline, so they reflect the union of all CPUs that have
  51 * ever been online.  This means that this function normally takes its
  52 * no-work-to-do fastpath.
  53 */
  54static void sync_exp_reset_tree_hotplug(struct rcu_state *rsp)
  55{
  56        bool done;
  57        unsigned long flags;
  58        unsigned long mask;
  59        unsigned long oldmask;
  60        int ncpus = READ_ONCE(rsp->ncpus);
  61        struct rcu_node *rnp;
  62        struct rcu_node *rnp_up;
  63
  64        /* If no new CPUs onlined since last time, nothing to do. */
  65        if (likely(ncpus == rsp->ncpus_snap))
  66                return;
  67        rsp->ncpus_snap = ncpus;
  68
  69        /*
  70         * Each pass through the following loop propagates newly onlined
  71         * CPUs for the current rcu_node structure up the rcu_node tree.
  72         */
  73        rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) {
  74                raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
  75                if (rnp->expmaskinit == rnp->expmaskinitnext) {
  76                        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
  77                        continue;  /* No new CPUs, nothing to do. */
  78                }
  79
  80                /* Update this node's mask, track old value for propagation. */
  81                oldmask = rnp->expmaskinit;
  82                rnp->expmaskinit = rnp->expmaskinitnext;
  83                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
  84
  85                /* If was already nonzero, nothing to propagate. */
  86                if (oldmask)
  87                        continue;
  88
  89                /* Propagate the new CPU up the tree. */
  90                mask = rnp->grpmask;
  91                rnp_up = rnp->parent;
  92                done = false;
  93                while (rnp_up) {
  94                        raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp_up, flags);
  95                        if (rnp_up->expmaskinit)
  96                                done = true;
  97                        rnp_up->expmaskinit |= mask;
  98                        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp_up, flags);
  99                        if (done)
 100                                break;
 101                        mask = rnp_up->grpmask;
 102                        rnp_up = rnp_up->parent;
 103                }
 104        }
 105}
 106
 107/*
 108 * Reset the ->expmask values in the rcu_node tree in preparation for
 109 * a new expedited grace period.
 110 */
 111static void __maybe_unused sync_exp_reset_tree(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 112{
 113        unsigned long flags;
 114        struct rcu_node *rnp;
 115
 116        sync_exp_reset_tree_hotplug(rsp);
 117        rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
 118                raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 119                WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->expmask);
 120                rnp->expmask = rnp->expmaskinit;
 121                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 122        }
 123}
 124
 125/*
 126 * Return non-zero if there is no RCU expedited grace period in progress
 127 * for the specified rcu_node structure, in other words, if all CPUs and
 128 * tasks covered by the specified rcu_node structure have done their bit
 129 * for the current expedited grace period.  Works only for preemptible
 130 * RCU -- other RCU implementation use other means.
 131 *
 132 * Caller must hold the rcu_state's exp_mutex.
 133 */
 134static int sync_rcu_preempt_exp_done(struct rcu_node *rnp)
 135{
 136        return rnp->exp_tasks == NULL &&
 137               READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) == 0;
 138}
 139
 140/*
 141 * Report the exit from RCU read-side critical section for the last task
 142 * that queued itself during or before the current expedited preemptible-RCU
 143 * grace period.  This event is reported either to the rcu_node structure on
 144 * which the task was queued or to one of that rcu_node structure's ancestors,
 145 * recursively up the tree.  (Calm down, calm down, we do the recursion
 146 * iteratively!)
 147 *
 148 * Caller must hold the rcu_state's exp_mutex and the specified rcu_node
 149 * structure's ->lock.
 150 */
 151static void __rcu_report_exp_rnp(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_node *rnp,
 152                                 bool wake, unsigned long flags)
 153        __releases(rnp->lock)
 154{
 155        unsigned long mask;
 156
 157        for (;;) {
 158                if (!sync_rcu_preempt_exp_done(rnp)) {
 159                        if (!rnp->expmask)
 160                                rcu_initiate_boost(rnp, flags);
 161                        else
 162                                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 163                        break;
 164                }
 165                if (rnp->parent == NULL) {
 166                        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 167                        if (wake) {
 168                                smp_mb(); /* EGP done before wake_up(). */
 169                                swake_up(&rsp->expedited_wq);
 170                        }
 171                        break;
 172                }
 173                mask = rnp->grpmask;
 174                raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs remain disabled */
 175                rnp = rnp->parent;
 176                raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs already disabled */
 177                WARN_ON_ONCE(!(rnp->expmask & mask));
 178                rnp->expmask &= ~mask;
 179        }
 180}
 181
 182/*
 183 * Report expedited quiescent state for specified node.  This is a
 184 * lock-acquisition wrapper function for __rcu_report_exp_rnp().
 185 *
 186 * Caller must hold the rcu_state's exp_mutex.
 187 */
 188static void __maybe_unused rcu_report_exp_rnp(struct rcu_state *rsp,
 189                                              struct rcu_node *rnp, bool wake)
 190{
 191        unsigned long flags;
 192
 193        raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 194        __rcu_report_exp_rnp(rsp, rnp, wake, flags);
 195}
 196
 197/*
 198 * Report expedited quiescent state for multiple CPUs, all covered by the
 199 * specified leaf rcu_node structure.  Caller must hold the rcu_state's
 200 * exp_mutex.
 201 */
 202static void rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_node *rnp,
 203                                    unsigned long mask, bool wake)
 204{
 205        unsigned long flags;
 206
 207        raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 208        if (!(rnp->expmask & mask)) {
 209                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 210                return;
 211        }
 212        rnp->expmask &= ~mask;
 213        __rcu_report_exp_rnp(rsp, rnp, wake, flags); /* Releases rnp->lock. */
 214}
 215
 216/*
 217 * Report expedited quiescent state for specified rcu_data (CPU).
 218 */
 219static void rcu_report_exp_rdp(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp,
 220                               bool wake)
 221{
 222        rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(rsp, rdp->mynode, rdp->grpmask, wake);
 223}
 224
 225/* Common code for synchronize_{rcu,sched}_expedited() work-done checking. */
 226static bool sync_exp_work_done(struct rcu_state *rsp, atomic_long_t *stat,
 227                               unsigned long s)
 228{
 229        if (rcu_exp_gp_seq_done(rsp, s)) {
 230                trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rsp->name, s, TPS("done"));
 231                /* Ensure test happens before caller kfree(). */
 232                smp_mb__before_atomic(); /* ^^^ */
 233                atomic_long_inc(stat);
 234                return true;
 235        }
 236        return false;
 237}
 238
 239/*
 240 * Funnel-lock acquisition for expedited grace periods.  Returns true
 241 * if some other task completed an expedited grace period that this task
 242 * can piggy-back on, and with no mutex held.  Otherwise, returns false
 243 * with the mutex held, indicating that the caller must actually do the
 244 * expedited grace period.
 245 */
 246static bool exp_funnel_lock(struct rcu_state *rsp, unsigned long s)
 247{
 248        struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, raw_smp_processor_id());
 249        struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
 250        struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root(rsp);
 251
 252        /* Low-contention fastpath. */
 253        if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq), s) &&
 254            (rnp == rnp_root ||
 255             ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp_root->exp_seq_rq), s)) &&
 256            mutex_trylock(&rsp->exp_mutex))
 257                goto fastpath;
 258
 259        /*
 260         * Each pass through the following loop works its way up
 261         * the rcu_node tree, returning if others have done the work or
 262         * otherwise falls through to acquire rsp->exp_mutex.  The mapping
 263         * from CPU to rcu_node structure can be inexact, as it is just
 264         * promoting locality and is not strictly needed for correctness.
 265         */
 266        for (; rnp != NULL; rnp = rnp->parent) {
 267                if (sync_exp_work_done(rsp, &rdp->exp_workdone1, s))
 268                        return true;
 269
 270                /* Work not done, either wait here or go up. */
 271                spin_lock(&rnp->exp_lock);
 272                if (ULONG_CMP_GE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s)) {
 273
 274                        /* Someone else doing GP, so wait for them. */
 275                        spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
 276                        trace_rcu_exp_funnel_lock(rsp->name, rnp->level,
 277                                                  rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi,
 278                                                  TPS("wait"));
 279                        wait_event(rnp->exp_wq[(s >> 1) & 0x3],
 280                                   sync_exp_work_done(rsp,
 281                                                      &rdp->exp_workdone2, s));
 282                        return true;
 283                }
 284                rnp->exp_seq_rq = s; /* Followers can wait on us. */
 285                spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
 286                trace_rcu_exp_funnel_lock(rsp->name, rnp->level, rnp->grplo,
 287                                          rnp->grphi, TPS("nxtlvl"));
 288        }
 289        mutex_lock(&rsp->exp_mutex);
 290fastpath:
 291        if (sync_exp_work_done(rsp, &rdp->exp_workdone3, s)) {
 292                mutex_unlock(&rsp->exp_mutex);
 293                return true;
 294        }
 295        rcu_exp_gp_seq_start(rsp);
 296        trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rsp->name, s, TPS("start"));
 297        return false;
 298}
 299
 300/* Invoked on each online non-idle CPU for expedited quiescent state. */
 301static void sync_sched_exp_handler(void *data)
 302{
 303        struct rcu_data *rdp;
 304        struct rcu_node *rnp;
 305        struct rcu_state *rsp = data;
 306
 307        rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
 308        rnp = rdp->mynode;
 309        if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & rdp->grpmask) ||
 310            __this_cpu_read(rcu_sched_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp))
 311                return;
 312        if (rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle()) {
 313                rcu_report_exp_rdp(&rcu_sched_state,
 314                                   this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_sched_data), true);
 315                return;
 316        }
 317        __this_cpu_write(rcu_sched_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp, true);
 318        resched_cpu(smp_processor_id());
 319}
 320
 321/* Send IPI for expedited cleanup if needed at end of CPU-hotplug operation. */
 322static void sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(int cpu)
 323{
 324        struct rcu_data *rdp;
 325        int ret;
 326        struct rcu_node *rnp;
 327        struct rcu_state *rsp = &rcu_sched_state;
 328
 329        rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
 330        rnp = rdp->mynode;
 331        if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & rdp->grpmask))
 332                return;
 333        ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, sync_sched_exp_handler, rsp, 0);
 334        WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
 335}
 336
 337/*
 338 * Select the nodes that the upcoming expedited grace period needs
 339 * to wait for.
 340 */
 341static void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus(struct rcu_state *rsp,
 342                                     smp_call_func_t func)
 343{
 344        int cpu;
 345        unsigned long flags;
 346        unsigned long mask_ofl_test;
 347        unsigned long mask_ofl_ipi;
 348        int ret;
 349        struct rcu_node *rnp;
 350
 351        sync_exp_reset_tree(rsp);
 352        rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) {
 353                raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 354
 355                /* Each pass checks a CPU for identity, offline, and idle. */
 356                mask_ofl_test = 0;
 357                for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
 358                        struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
 359                        struct rcu_dynticks *rdtp = &per_cpu(rcu_dynticks, cpu);
 360
 361                        if (raw_smp_processor_id() == cpu ||
 362                            !(atomic_add_return(0, &rdtp->dynticks) & 0x1))
 363                                mask_ofl_test |= rdp->grpmask;
 364                }
 365                mask_ofl_ipi = rnp->expmask & ~mask_ofl_test;
 366
 367                /*
 368                 * Need to wait for any blocked tasks as well.  Note that
 369                 * additional blocking tasks will also block the expedited
 370                 * GP until such time as the ->expmask bits are cleared.
 371                 */
 372                if (rcu_preempt_has_tasks(rnp))
 373                        rnp->exp_tasks = rnp->blkd_tasks.next;
 374                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 375
 376                /* IPI the remaining CPUs for expedited quiescent state. */
 377                for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
 378                        unsigned long mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
 379                        if (!(mask_ofl_ipi & mask))
 380                                continue;
 381retry_ipi:
 382                        ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, func, rsp, 0);
 383                        if (!ret) {
 384                                mask_ofl_ipi &= ~mask;
 385                                continue;
 386                        }
 387                        /* Failed, raced with offline. */
 388                        raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 389                        if (cpu_online(cpu) &&
 390                            (rnp->expmask & mask)) {
 391                                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 392                                schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
 393                                if (cpu_online(cpu) &&
 394                                    (rnp->expmask & mask))
 395                                        goto retry_ipi;
 396                                raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 397                        }
 398                        if (!(rnp->expmask & mask))
 399                                mask_ofl_ipi &= ~mask;
 400                        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 401                }
 402                /* Report quiescent states for those that went offline. */
 403                mask_ofl_test |= mask_ofl_ipi;
 404                if (mask_ofl_test)
 405                        rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(rsp, rnp, mask_ofl_test, false);
 406        }
 407}
 408
 409static void synchronize_sched_expedited_wait(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 410{
 411        int cpu;
 412        unsigned long jiffies_stall;
 413        unsigned long jiffies_start;
 414        unsigned long mask;
 415        int ndetected;
 416        struct rcu_node *rnp;
 417        struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root(rsp);
 418        int ret;
 419
 420        jiffies_stall = rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check();
 421        jiffies_start = jiffies;
 422
 423        for (;;) {
 424                ret = swait_event_timeout(
 425                                rsp->expedited_wq,
 426                                sync_rcu_preempt_exp_done(rnp_root),
 427                                jiffies_stall);
 428                if (ret > 0 || sync_rcu_preempt_exp_done(rnp_root))
 429                        return;
 430                if (ret < 0) {
 431                        /* Hit a signal, disable CPU stall warnings. */
 432                        swait_event(rsp->expedited_wq,
 433                                   sync_rcu_preempt_exp_done(rnp_root));
 434                        return;
 435                }
 436                pr_err("INFO: %s detected expedited stalls on CPUs/tasks: {",
 437                       rsp->name);
 438                ndetected = 0;
 439                rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) {
 440                        ndetected += rcu_print_task_exp_stall(rnp);
 441                        for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
 442                                struct rcu_data *rdp;
 443
 444                                mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
 445                                if (!(rnp->expmask & mask))
 446                                        continue;
 447                                ndetected++;
 448                                rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
 449                                pr_cont(" %d-%c%c%c", cpu,
 450                                        "O."[!!cpu_online(cpu)],
 451                                        "o."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rnp->expmaskinit)],
 452                                        "N."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rnp->expmaskinitnext)]);
 453                        }
 454                }
 455                pr_cont(" } %lu jiffies s: %lu root: %#lx/%c\n",
 456                        jiffies - jiffies_start, rsp->expedited_sequence,
 457                        rnp_root->expmask, ".T"[!!rnp_root->exp_tasks]);
 458                if (ndetected) {
 459                        pr_err("blocking rcu_node structures:");
 460                        rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
 461                                if (rnp == rnp_root)
 462                                        continue; /* printed unconditionally */
 463                                if (sync_rcu_preempt_exp_done(rnp))
 464                                        continue;
 465                                pr_cont(" l=%u:%d-%d:%#lx/%c",
 466                                        rnp->level, rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi,
 467                                        rnp->expmask,
 468                                        ".T"[!!rnp->exp_tasks]);
 469                        }
 470                        pr_cont("\n");
 471                }
 472                rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) {
 473                        for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
 474                                mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
 475                                if (!(rnp->expmask & mask))
 476                                        continue;
 477                                dump_cpu_task(cpu);
 478                        }
 479                }
 480                jiffies_stall = 3 * rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check() + 3;
 481        }
 482}
 483
 484/*
 485 * Wait for the current expedited grace period to complete, and then
 486 * wake up everyone who piggybacked on the just-completed expedited
 487 * grace period.  Also update all the ->exp_seq_rq counters as needed
 488 * in order to avoid counter-wrap problems.
 489 */
 490static void rcu_exp_wait_wake(struct rcu_state *rsp, unsigned long s)
 491{
 492        struct rcu_node *rnp;
 493
 494        synchronize_sched_expedited_wait(rsp);
 495        rcu_exp_gp_seq_end(rsp);
 496        trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rsp->name, s, TPS("end"));
 497
 498        /*
 499         * Switch over to wakeup mode, allowing the next GP, but -only- the
 500         * next GP, to proceed.
 501         */
 502        mutex_lock(&rsp->exp_wake_mutex);
 503        mutex_unlock(&rsp->exp_mutex);
 504
 505        rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) {
 506                if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq), s)) {
 507                        spin_lock(&rnp->exp_lock);
 508                        /* Recheck, avoid hang in case someone just arrived. */
 509                        if (ULONG_CMP_LT(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s))
 510                                rnp->exp_seq_rq = s;
 511                        spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
 512                }
 513                wake_up_all(&rnp->exp_wq[(rsp->expedited_sequence >> 1) & 0x3]);
 514        }
 515        trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rsp->name, s, TPS("endwake"));
 516        mutex_unlock(&rsp->exp_wake_mutex);
 517}
 518
 519/**
 520 * synchronize_sched_expedited - Brute-force RCU-sched grace period
 521 *
 522 * Wait for an RCU-sched grace period to elapse, but use a "big hammer"
 523 * approach to force the grace period to end quickly.  This consumes
 524 * significant time on all CPUs and is unfriendly to real-time workloads,
 525 * so is thus not recommended for any sort of common-case code.  In fact,
 526 * if you are using synchronize_sched_expedited() in a loop, please
 527 * restructure your code to batch your updates, and then use a single
 528 * synchronize_sched() instead.
 529 *
 530 * This implementation can be thought of as an application of sequence
 531 * locking to expedited grace periods, but using the sequence counter to
 532 * determine when someone else has already done the work instead of for
 533 * retrying readers.
 534 */
 535void synchronize_sched_expedited(void)
 536{
 537        unsigned long s;
 538        struct rcu_state *rsp = &rcu_sched_state;
 539
 540        /* If only one CPU, this is automatically a grace period. */
 541        if (rcu_blocking_is_gp())
 542                return;
 543
 544        /* If expedited grace periods are prohibited, fall back to normal. */
 545        if (rcu_gp_is_normal()) {
 546                wait_rcu_gp(call_rcu_sched);
 547                return;
 548        }
 549
 550        /* Take a snapshot of the sequence number.  */
 551        s = rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(rsp);
 552        if (exp_funnel_lock(rsp, s))
 553                return;  /* Someone else did our work for us. */
 554
 555        /* Initialize the rcu_node tree in preparation for the wait. */
 556        sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus(rsp, sync_sched_exp_handler);
 557
 558        /* Wait and clean up, including waking everyone. */
 559        rcu_exp_wait_wake(rsp, s);
 560}
 561EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_sched_expedited);
 562
 563#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
 564
 565/*
 566 * Remote handler for smp_call_function_single().  If there is an
 567 * RCU read-side critical section in effect, request that the
 568 * next rcu_read_unlock() record the quiescent state up the
 569 * ->expmask fields in the rcu_node tree.  Otherwise, immediately
 570 * report the quiescent state.
 571 */
 572static void sync_rcu_exp_handler(void *info)
 573{
 574        struct rcu_data *rdp;
 575        struct rcu_state *rsp = info;
 576        struct task_struct *t = current;
 577
 578        /*
 579         * Within an RCU read-side critical section, request that the next
 580         * rcu_read_unlock() report.  Unless this RCU read-side critical
 581         * section has already blocked, in which case it is already set
 582         * up for the expedited grace period to wait on it.
 583         */
 584        if (t->rcu_read_lock_nesting > 0 &&
 585            !t->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.blocked) {
 586                t->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.exp_need_qs = true;
 587                return;
 588        }
 589
 590        /*
 591         * We are either exiting an RCU read-side critical section (negative
 592         * values of t->rcu_read_lock_nesting) or are not in one at all
 593         * (zero value of t->rcu_read_lock_nesting).  Or we are in an RCU
 594         * read-side critical section that blocked before this expedited
 595         * grace period started.  Either way, we can immediately report
 596         * the quiescent state.
 597         */
 598        rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
 599        rcu_report_exp_rdp(rsp, rdp, true);
 600}
 601
 602/**
 603 * synchronize_rcu_expedited - Brute-force RCU grace period
 604 *
 605 * Wait for an RCU-preempt grace period, but expedite it.  The basic
 606 * idea is to IPI all non-idle non-nohz online CPUs.  The IPI handler
 607 * checks whether the CPU is in an RCU-preempt critical section, and
 608 * if so, it sets a flag that causes the outermost rcu_read_unlock()
 609 * to report the quiescent state.  On the other hand, if the CPU is
 610 * not in an RCU read-side critical section, the IPI handler reports
 611 * the quiescent state immediately.
 612 *
 613 * Although this is a greate improvement over previous expedited
 614 * implementations, it is still unfriendly to real-time workloads, so is
 615 * thus not recommended for any sort of common-case code.  In fact, if
 616 * you are using synchronize_rcu_expedited() in a loop, please restructure
 617 * your code to batch your updates, and then Use a single synchronize_rcu()
 618 * instead.
 619 */
 620void synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
 621{
 622        struct rcu_state *rsp = rcu_state_p;
 623        unsigned long s;
 624
 625        /* If expedited grace periods are prohibited, fall back to normal. */
 626        if (rcu_gp_is_normal()) {
 627                wait_rcu_gp(call_rcu);
 628                return;
 629        }
 630
 631        s = rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(rsp);
 632        if (exp_funnel_lock(rsp, s))
 633                return;  /* Someone else did our work for us. */
 634
 635        /* Initialize the rcu_node tree in preparation for the wait. */
 636        sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus(rsp, sync_rcu_exp_handler);
 637
 638        /* Wait for ->blkd_tasks lists to drain, then wake everyone up. */
 639        rcu_exp_wait_wake(rsp, s);
 640}
 641EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu_expedited);
 642
 643#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
 644
 645/*
 646 * Wait for an rcu-preempt grace period, but make it happen quickly.
 647 * But because preemptible RCU does not exist, map to rcu-sched.
 648 */
 649void synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
 650{
 651        synchronize_sched_expedited();
 652}
 653EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu_expedited);
 654
 655#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
 656