linux/arch/x86/kernel/kexec-bzimage64.c
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   1/*
   2 * Kexec bzImage loader
   3 *
   4 * Copyright (C) 2014 Red Hat Inc.
   5 * Authors:
   6 *      Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
   7 *
   8 * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
   9 * Version 2.  See the file COPYING for more details.
  10 */
  11
  12#define pr_fmt(fmt)     "kexec-bzImage64: " fmt
  13
  14#include <linux/string.h>
  15#include <linux/printk.h>
  16#include <linux/errno.h>
  17#include <linux/slab.h>
  18#include <linux/kexec.h>
  19#include <linux/kernel.h>
  20#include <linux/mm.h>
  21#include <linux/efi.h>
  22#include <linux/verification.h>
  23
  24#include <asm/bootparam.h>
  25#include <asm/setup.h>
  26#include <asm/crash.h>
  27#include <asm/efi.h>
  28#include <asm/e820/api.h>
  29#include <asm/kexec-bzimage64.h>
  30
  31#define MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN  30      /* elfcorehdr=0x<64bit-value> */
  32
  33/*
  34 * Defines lowest physical address for various segments. Not sure where
  35 * exactly these limits came from. Current bzimage64 loader in kexec-tools
  36 * uses these so I am retaining it. It can be changed over time as we gain
  37 * more insight.
  38 */
  39#define MIN_PURGATORY_ADDR      0x3000
  40#define MIN_BOOTPARAM_ADDR      0x3000
  41#define MIN_KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x100000
  42#define MIN_INITRD_LOAD_ADDR    0x1000000
  43
  44/*
  45 * This is a place holder for all boot loader specific data structure which
  46 * gets allocated in one call but gets freed much later during cleanup
  47 * time. Right now there is only one field but it can grow as need be.
  48 */
  49struct bzimage64_data {
  50        /*
  51         * Temporary buffer to hold bootparams buffer. This should be
  52         * freed once the bootparam segment has been loaded.
  53         */
  54        void *bootparams_buf;
  55};
  56
  57static int setup_initrd(struct boot_params *params,
  58                unsigned long initrd_load_addr, unsigned long initrd_len)
  59{
  60        params->hdr.ramdisk_image = initrd_load_addr & 0xffffffffUL;
  61        params->hdr.ramdisk_size = initrd_len & 0xffffffffUL;
  62
  63        params->ext_ramdisk_image = initrd_load_addr >> 32;
  64        params->ext_ramdisk_size = initrd_len >> 32;
  65
  66        return 0;
  67}
  68
  69static int setup_cmdline(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params,
  70                         unsigned long bootparams_load_addr,
  71                         unsigned long cmdline_offset, char *cmdline,
  72                         unsigned long cmdline_len)
  73{
  74        char *cmdline_ptr = ((char *)params) + cmdline_offset;
  75        unsigned long cmdline_ptr_phys, len = 0;
  76        uint32_t cmdline_low_32, cmdline_ext_32;
  77
  78        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
  79                len = sprintf(cmdline_ptr,
  80                        "elfcorehdr=0x%lx ", image->arch.elf_load_addr);
  81        }
  82        memcpy(cmdline_ptr + len, cmdline, cmdline_len);
  83        cmdline_len += len;
  84
  85        cmdline_ptr[cmdline_len - 1] = '\0';
  86
  87        pr_debug("Final command line is: %s\n", cmdline_ptr);
  88        cmdline_ptr_phys = bootparams_load_addr + cmdline_offset;
  89        cmdline_low_32 = cmdline_ptr_phys & 0xffffffffUL;
  90        cmdline_ext_32 = cmdline_ptr_phys >> 32;
  91
  92        params->hdr.cmd_line_ptr = cmdline_low_32;
  93        if (cmdline_ext_32)
  94                params->ext_cmd_line_ptr = cmdline_ext_32;
  95
  96        return 0;
  97}
  98
  99static int setup_e820_entries(struct boot_params *params)
 100{
 101        unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
 102
 103        nr_e820_entries = e820_table_kexec->nr_entries;
 104
 105        /* TODO: Pass entries more than E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE in bootparams setup data */
 106        if (nr_e820_entries > E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE)
 107                nr_e820_entries = E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE;
 108
 109        params->e820_entries = nr_e820_entries;
 110        memcpy(&params->e820_table, &e820_table_kexec->entries, nr_e820_entries*sizeof(struct e820_entry));
 111
 112        return 0;
 113}
 114
 115#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 116static int setup_efi_info_memmap(struct boot_params *params,
 117                                  unsigned long params_load_addr,
 118                                  unsigned int efi_map_offset,
 119                                  unsigned int efi_map_sz)
 120{
 121        void *efi_map = (void *)params + efi_map_offset;
 122        unsigned long efi_map_phys_addr = params_load_addr + efi_map_offset;
 123        struct efi_info *ei = &params->efi_info;
 124
 125        if (!efi_map_sz)
 126                return 0;
 127
 128        efi_runtime_map_copy(efi_map, efi_map_sz);
 129
 130        ei->efi_memmap = efi_map_phys_addr & 0xffffffff;
 131        ei->efi_memmap_hi = efi_map_phys_addr >> 32;
 132        ei->efi_memmap_size = efi_map_sz;
 133
 134        return 0;
 135}
 136
 137static int
 138prepare_add_efi_setup_data(struct boot_params *params,
 139                       unsigned long params_load_addr,
 140                       unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 141{
 142        unsigned long setup_data_phys;
 143        struct setup_data *sd = (void *)params + efi_setup_data_offset;
 144        struct efi_setup_data *esd = (void *)sd + sizeof(struct setup_data);
 145
 146        esd->fw_vendor = efi.fw_vendor;
 147        esd->runtime = efi.runtime;
 148        esd->tables = efi.config_table;
 149        esd->smbios = efi.smbios;
 150
 151        sd->type = SETUP_EFI;
 152        sd->len = sizeof(struct efi_setup_data);
 153
 154        /* Add setup data */
 155        setup_data_phys = params_load_addr + efi_setup_data_offset;
 156        sd->next = params->hdr.setup_data;
 157        params->hdr.setup_data = setup_data_phys;
 158
 159        return 0;
 160}
 161
 162static int
 163setup_efi_state(struct boot_params *params, unsigned long params_load_addr,
 164                unsigned int efi_map_offset, unsigned int efi_map_sz,
 165                unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 166{
 167        struct efi_info *current_ei = &boot_params.efi_info;
 168        struct efi_info *ei = &params->efi_info;
 169
 170        if (!efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
 171                return 0;
 172
 173        if (!current_ei->efi_memmap_size)
 174                return 0;
 175
 176        /*
 177         * If 1:1 mapping is not enabled, second kernel can not setup EFI
 178         * and use EFI run time services. User space will have to pass
 179         * acpi_rsdp=<addr> on kernel command line to make second kernel boot
 180         * without efi.
 181         */
 182        if (efi_enabled(EFI_OLD_MEMMAP))
 183                return 0;
 184
 185        ei->efi_loader_signature = current_ei->efi_loader_signature;
 186        ei->efi_systab = current_ei->efi_systab;
 187        ei->efi_systab_hi = current_ei->efi_systab_hi;
 188
 189        ei->efi_memdesc_version = current_ei->efi_memdesc_version;
 190        ei->efi_memdesc_size = efi_get_runtime_map_desc_size();
 191
 192        setup_efi_info_memmap(params, params_load_addr, efi_map_offset,
 193                              efi_map_sz);
 194        prepare_add_efi_setup_data(params, params_load_addr,
 195                                   efi_setup_data_offset);
 196        return 0;
 197}
 198#endif /* CONFIG_EFI */
 199
 200static int
 201setup_boot_parameters(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params,
 202                      unsigned long params_load_addr,
 203                      unsigned int efi_map_offset, unsigned int efi_map_sz,
 204                      unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 205{
 206        unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
 207        unsigned long long mem_k, start, end;
 208        int i, ret = 0;
 209
 210        /* Get subarch from existing bootparams */
 211        params->hdr.hardware_subarch = boot_params.hdr.hardware_subarch;
 212
 213        /* Copying screen_info will do? */
 214        memcpy(&params->screen_info, &boot_params.screen_info,
 215                                sizeof(struct screen_info));
 216
 217        /* Fill in memsize later */
 218        params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = 0;
 219        params->alt_mem_k = 0;
 220
 221        /* Always fill in RSDP: it is either 0 or a valid value */
 222        params->acpi_rsdp_addr = boot_params.acpi_rsdp_addr;
 223
 224        /* Default APM info */
 225        memset(&params->apm_bios_info, 0, sizeof(params->apm_bios_info));
 226
 227        /* Default drive info */
 228        memset(&params->hd0_info, 0, sizeof(params->hd0_info));
 229        memset(&params->hd1_info, 0, sizeof(params->hd1_info));
 230
 231        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
 232                ret = crash_setup_memmap_entries(image, params);
 233                if (ret)
 234                        return ret;
 235        } else
 236                setup_e820_entries(params);
 237
 238        nr_e820_entries = params->e820_entries;
 239
 240        for (i = 0; i < nr_e820_entries; i++) {
 241                if (params->e820_table[i].type != E820_TYPE_RAM)
 242                        continue;
 243                start = params->e820_table[i].addr;
 244                end = params->e820_table[i].addr + params->e820_table[i].size - 1;
 245
 246                if ((start <= 0x100000) && end > 0x100000) {
 247                        mem_k = (end >> 10) - (0x100000 >> 10);
 248                        params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = mem_k;
 249                        params->alt_mem_k = mem_k;
 250                        if (mem_k > 0xfc00)
 251                                params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = 0xfc00; /* 64M*/
 252                        if (mem_k > 0xffffffff)
 253                                params->alt_mem_k = 0xffffffff;
 254                }
 255        }
 256
 257#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 258        /* Setup EFI state */
 259        setup_efi_state(params, params_load_addr, efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz,
 260                        efi_setup_data_offset);
 261#endif
 262        /* Setup EDD info */
 263        memcpy(params->eddbuf, boot_params.eddbuf,
 264                                EDDMAXNR * sizeof(struct edd_info));
 265        params->eddbuf_entries = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
 266
 267        memcpy(params->edd_mbr_sig_buffer, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
 268               EDD_MBR_SIG_MAX * sizeof(unsigned int));
 269
 270        return ret;
 271}
 272
 273static int bzImage64_probe(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
 274{
 275        int ret = -ENOEXEC;
 276        struct setup_header *header;
 277
 278        /* kernel should be at least two sectors long */
 279        if (len < 2 * 512) {
 280                pr_err("File is too short to be a bzImage\n");
 281                return ret;
 282        }
 283
 284        header = (struct setup_header *)(buf + offsetof(struct boot_params, hdr));
 285        if (memcmp((char *)&header->header, "HdrS", 4) != 0) {
 286                pr_err("Not a bzImage\n");
 287                return ret;
 288        }
 289
 290        if (header->boot_flag != 0xAA55) {
 291                pr_err("No x86 boot sector present\n");
 292                return ret;
 293        }
 294
 295        if (header->version < 0x020C) {
 296                pr_err("Must be at least protocol version 2.12\n");
 297                return ret;
 298        }
 299
 300        if (!(header->loadflags & LOADED_HIGH)) {
 301                pr_err("zImage not a bzImage\n");
 302                return ret;
 303        }
 304
 305        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_KERNEL_64)) {
 306                pr_err("Not a bzImage64. XLF_KERNEL_64 is not set.\n");
 307                return ret;
 308        }
 309
 310        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G)) {
 311                pr_err("XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G is not set.\n");
 312                return ret;
 313        }
 314
 315        /*
 316         * Can't handle 32bit EFI as it does not allow loading kernel
 317         * above 4G. This should be handled by 32bit bzImage loader
 318         */
 319        if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES) && !efi_enabled(EFI_64BIT)) {
 320                pr_debug("EFI is 32 bit. Can't load kernel above 4G.\n");
 321                return ret;
 322        }
 323
 324        /* I've got a bzImage */
 325        pr_debug("It's a relocatable bzImage64\n");
 326        ret = 0;
 327
 328        return ret;
 329}
 330
 331static void *bzImage64_load(struct kimage *image, char *kernel,
 332                            unsigned long kernel_len, char *initrd,
 333                            unsigned long initrd_len, char *cmdline,
 334                            unsigned long cmdline_len)
 335{
 336
 337        struct setup_header *header;
 338        int setup_sects, kern16_size, ret = 0;
 339        unsigned long setup_header_size, params_cmdline_sz;
 340        struct boot_params *params;
 341        unsigned long bootparam_load_addr, kernel_load_addr, initrd_load_addr;
 342        struct bzimage64_data *ldata;
 343        struct kexec_entry64_regs regs64;
 344        void *stack;
 345        unsigned int setup_hdr_offset = offsetof(struct boot_params, hdr);
 346        unsigned int efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz, efi_setup_data_offset;
 347        struct kexec_buf kbuf = { .image = image, .buf_max = ULONG_MAX,
 348                                  .top_down = true };
 349        struct kexec_buf pbuf = { .image = image, .buf_min = MIN_PURGATORY_ADDR,
 350                                  .buf_max = ULONG_MAX, .top_down = true };
 351
 352        header = (struct setup_header *)(kernel + setup_hdr_offset);
 353        setup_sects = header->setup_sects;
 354        if (setup_sects == 0)
 355                setup_sects = 4;
 356
 357        kern16_size = (setup_sects + 1) * 512;
 358        if (kernel_len < kern16_size) {
 359                pr_err("bzImage truncated\n");
 360                return ERR_PTR(-ENOEXEC);
 361        }
 362
 363        if (cmdline_len > header->cmdline_size) {
 364                pr_err("Kernel command line too long\n");
 365                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 366        }
 367
 368        /*
 369         * In case of crash dump, we will append elfcorehdr=<addr> to
 370         * command line. Make sure it does not overflow
 371         */
 372        if (cmdline_len + MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN > header->cmdline_size) {
 373                pr_debug("Appending elfcorehdr=<addr> to command line exceeds maximum allowed length\n");
 374                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 375        }
 376
 377        /* Allocate and load backup region */
 378        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
 379                ret = crash_load_segments(image);
 380                if (ret)
 381                        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 382        }
 383
 384        /*
 385         * Load purgatory. For 64bit entry point, purgatory  code can be
 386         * anywhere.
 387         */
 388        ret = kexec_load_purgatory(image, &pbuf);
 389        if (ret) {
 390                pr_err("Loading purgatory failed\n");
 391                return ERR_PTR(ret);
 392        }
 393
 394        pr_debug("Loaded purgatory at 0x%lx\n", pbuf.mem);
 395
 396
 397        /*
 398         * Load Bootparams and cmdline and space for efi stuff.
 399         *
 400         * Allocate memory together for multiple data structures so
 401         * that they all can go in single area/segment and we don't
 402         * have to create separate segment for each. Keeps things
 403         * little bit simple
 404         */
 405        efi_map_sz = efi_get_runtime_map_size();
 406        params_cmdline_sz = sizeof(struct boot_params) + cmdline_len +
 407                                MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN;
 408        params_cmdline_sz = ALIGN(params_cmdline_sz, 16);
 409        kbuf.bufsz = params_cmdline_sz + ALIGN(efi_map_sz, 16) +
 410                                sizeof(struct setup_data) +
 411                                sizeof(struct efi_setup_data);
 412
 413        params = kzalloc(kbuf.bufsz, GFP_KERNEL);
 414        if (!params)
 415                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 416        efi_map_offset = params_cmdline_sz;
 417        efi_setup_data_offset = efi_map_offset + ALIGN(efi_map_sz, 16);
 418
 419        /* Copy setup header onto bootparams. Documentation/x86/boot.txt */
 420        setup_header_size = 0x0202 + kernel[0x0201] - setup_hdr_offset;
 421
 422        /* Is there a limit on setup header size? */
 423        memcpy(&params->hdr, (kernel + setup_hdr_offset), setup_header_size);
 424
 425        kbuf.buffer = params;
 426        kbuf.memsz = kbuf.bufsz;
 427        kbuf.buf_align = 16;
 428        kbuf.buf_min = MIN_BOOTPARAM_ADDR;
 429        ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 430        if (ret)
 431                goto out_free_params;
 432        bootparam_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 433        pr_debug("Loaded boot_param, command line and misc at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 434                 bootparam_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.bufsz);
 435
 436        /* Load kernel */
 437        kbuf.buffer = kernel + kern16_size;
 438        kbuf.bufsz =  kernel_len - kern16_size;
 439        kbuf.memsz = PAGE_ALIGN(header->init_size);
 440        kbuf.buf_align = header->kernel_alignment;
 441        kbuf.buf_min = MIN_KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
 442        kbuf.mem = KEXEC_BUF_MEM_UNKNOWN;
 443        ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 444        if (ret)
 445                goto out_free_params;
 446        kernel_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 447
 448        pr_debug("Loaded 64bit kernel at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 449                 kernel_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.memsz);
 450
 451        /* Load initrd high */
 452        if (initrd) {
 453                kbuf.buffer = initrd;
 454                kbuf.bufsz = kbuf.memsz = initrd_len;
 455                kbuf.buf_align = PAGE_SIZE;
 456                kbuf.buf_min = MIN_INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
 457                kbuf.mem = KEXEC_BUF_MEM_UNKNOWN;
 458                ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 459                if (ret)
 460                        goto out_free_params;
 461                initrd_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 462
 463                pr_debug("Loaded initrd at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 464                                initrd_load_addr, initrd_len, initrd_len);
 465
 466                setup_initrd(params, initrd_load_addr, initrd_len);
 467        }
 468
 469        setup_cmdline(image, params, bootparam_load_addr,
 470                      sizeof(struct boot_params), cmdline, cmdline_len);
 471
 472        /* bootloader info. Do we need a separate ID for kexec kernel loader? */
 473        params->hdr.type_of_loader = 0x0D << 4;
 474        params->hdr.loadflags = 0;
 475
 476        /* Setup purgatory regs for entry */
 477        ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "entry64_regs", &regs64,
 478                                             sizeof(regs64), 1);
 479        if (ret)
 480                goto out_free_params;
 481
 482        regs64.rbx = 0; /* Bootstrap Processor */
 483        regs64.rsi = bootparam_load_addr;
 484        regs64.rip = kernel_load_addr + 0x200;
 485        stack = kexec_purgatory_get_symbol_addr(image, "stack_end");
 486        if (IS_ERR(stack)) {
 487                pr_err("Could not find address of symbol stack_end\n");
 488                ret = -EINVAL;
 489                goto out_free_params;
 490        }
 491
 492        regs64.rsp = (unsigned long)stack;
 493        ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "entry64_regs", &regs64,
 494                                             sizeof(regs64), 0);
 495        if (ret)
 496                goto out_free_params;
 497
 498        ret = setup_boot_parameters(image, params, bootparam_load_addr,
 499                                    efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz,
 500                                    efi_setup_data_offset);
 501        if (ret)
 502                goto out_free_params;
 503
 504        /* Allocate loader specific data */
 505        ldata = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bzimage64_data), GFP_KERNEL);
 506        if (!ldata) {
 507                ret = -ENOMEM;
 508                goto out_free_params;
 509        }
 510
 511        /*
 512         * Store pointer to params so that it could be freed after loading
 513         * params segment has been loaded and contents have been copied
 514         * somewhere else.
 515         */
 516        ldata->bootparams_buf = params;
 517        return ldata;
 518
 519out_free_params:
 520        kfree(params);
 521        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 522}
 523
 524/* This cleanup function is called after various segments have been loaded */
 525static int bzImage64_cleanup(void *loader_data)
 526{
 527        struct bzimage64_data *ldata = loader_data;
 528
 529        if (!ldata)
 530                return 0;
 531
 532        kfree(ldata->bootparams_buf);
 533        ldata->bootparams_buf = NULL;
 534
 535        return 0;
 536}
 537
 538#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG
 539static int bzImage64_verify_sig(const char *kernel, unsigned long kernel_len)
 540{
 541        int ret;
 542
 543        ret = verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 544                                      VERIFY_USE_SECONDARY_KEYRING,
 545                                      VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 546        if (ret == -ENOKEY && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_INTEGRITY_PLATFORM_KEYRING)) {
 547                ret = verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 548                                              VERIFY_USE_PLATFORM_KEYRING,
 549                                              VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 550        }
 551        return ret;
 552}
 553#endif
 554
 555const struct kexec_file_ops kexec_bzImage64_ops = {
 556        .probe = bzImage64_probe,
 557        .load = bzImage64_load,
 558        .cleanup = bzImage64_cleanup,
 559#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG
 560        .verify_sig = bzImage64_verify_sig,
 561#endif
 562};
 563