// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * Generic hugetlb support.
 * (C) Nadia Yvette Chambers, April 2004
 */
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
#include <linux/nodemask.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/memblock.h>
#include <linux/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/mmdebug.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>
#include <linux/string_helpers.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/swapops.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <linux/numa.h>
#include <linux/llist.h>
#include <linux/cma.h>

#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>

#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb_cgroup.h>
#include <linux/node.h>
#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
#include <linux/page_owner.h>
#include "internal.h"

int hugetlb_max_hstate __read_mostly;
unsigned int default_hstate_idx;
struct hstate hstates[HUGE_MAX_HSTATE];

#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
static struct cma *hugetlb_cma[MAX_NUMNODES];
#endif
static unsigned long hugetlb_cma_size __initdata;

/*
 * Minimum page order among possible hugepage sizes, set to a proper value
 * at boot time.
 */
static unsigned int minimum_order __read_mostly = UINT_MAX;

__initdata LIST_HEAD(huge_boot_pages);

/* for command line parsing */
static struct hstate * __initdata parsed_hstate;
static unsigned long __initdata default_hstate_max_huge_pages;
static bool __initdata parsed_valid_hugepagesz = true;
static bool __initdata parsed_default_hugepagesz;

/*
 * Protects updates to hugepage_freelists, hugepage_activelist, nr_huge_pages,
 * free_huge_pages, and surplus_huge_pages.
 */
DEFINE_SPINLOCK(hugetlb_lock);

/*
 * Serializes faults on the same logical page.  This is used to
 * prevent spurious OOMs when the hugepage pool is fully utilized.
 */
static int num_fault_mutexes;
struct mutex *hugetlb_fault_mutex_table ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;

/* Forward declaration */
static int hugetlb_acct_memory(struct hstate *h, long delta);

static inline void unlock_or_release_subpool(struct hugepage_subpool *spool)
{
        bool free = (spool->count == 0) && (spool->used_hpages == 0);

        spin_unlock(&spool->lock);

        /* If no pages are used, and no other handles to the subpool
         * remain, give up any reservations based on minimum size and
         * free the subpool */
        if (free) {
                if (spool->min_hpages != -1)
                        hugetlb_acct_memory(spool->hstate,
                                                -spool->min_hpages);
                kfree(spool);
        }
}

struct hugepage_subpool *hugepage_new_subpool(struct hstate *h, long max_hpages,
                                                long min_hpages)
{
        struct hugepage_subpool *spool;

        spool = kzalloc(sizeof(*spool), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!spool)
                return NULL;

        spin_lock_init(&spool->lock);
        spool->count = 1;
        spool->max_hpages = max_hpages;
        spool->hstate = h;
        spool->min_hpages = min_hpages;

        if (min_hpages != -1 && hugetlb_acct_memory(h, min_hpages)) {
                kfree(spool);
                return NULL;
        }
        spool->rsv_hpages = min_hpages;

        return spool;
}

void hugepage_put_subpool(struct hugepage_subpool *spool)
{
        spin_lock(&spool->lock);
        BUG_ON(!spool->count);
        spool->count--;
        unlock_or_release_subpool(spool);
}

/*
 * Subpool accounting for allocating and reserving pages.
 * Return -ENOMEM if there are not enough resources to satisfy the
 * request.  Otherwise, return the number of pages by which the
 * global pools must be adjusted (upward).  The returned value may
 * only be different than the passed value (delta) in the case where
 * a subpool minimum size must be maintained.
 */
static long hugepage_subpool_get_pages(struct hugepage_subpool *spool,
                                      long delta)
{
        long ret = delta;

        if (!spool)
                return ret;

        spin_lock(&spool->lock);

        if (spool->max_hpages != -1) {          /* maximum size accounting */
                if ((spool->used_hpages + delta) <= spool->max_hpages)
                        spool->used_hpages += delta;
                else {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        goto unlock_ret;
                }
        }

        /* minimum size accounting */
        if (spool->min_hpages != -1 && spool->rsv_hpages) {
                if (delta > spool->rsv_hpages) {
                        /*
                         * Asking for more reserves than those already taken on
                         * behalf of subpool.  Return difference.
                         */
                        ret = delta - spool->rsv_hpages;
                        spool->rsv_hpages = 0;
                } else {
                        ret = 0;        /* reserves already accounted for */
                        spool->rsv_hpages -= delta;
                }
        }

unlock_ret:
        spin_unlock(&spool->lock);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Subpool accounting for freeing and unreserving pages.
 * Return the number of global page reservations that must be dropped.
 * The return value may only be different than the passed value (delta)
 * in the case where a subpool minimum size must be maintained.
 */
static long hugepage_subpool_put_pages(struct hugepage_subpool *spool,
                                       long delta)
{
        long ret = delta;

        if (!spool)
                return delta;

        spin_lock(&spool->lock);

        if (spool->max_hpages != -1)            /* maximum size accounting */
                spool->used_hpages -= delta;

         /* minimum size accounting */
        if (spool->min_hpages != -1 && spool->used_hpages < spool->min_hpages) {
                if (spool->rsv_hpages + delta <= spool->min_hpages)
                        ret = 0;
                else
                        ret = spool->rsv_hpages + delta - spool->min_hpages;

                spool->rsv_hpages += delta;
                if (spool->rsv_hpages > spool->min_hpages)
                        spool->rsv_hpages = spool->min_hpages;
        }

        /*
         * If hugetlbfs_put_super couldn't free spool due to an outstanding
         * quota reference, free it now.
         */
        unlock_or_release_subpool(spool);

        return ret;
}

static inline struct hugepage_subpool *subpool_inode(struct inode *inode)
{
        return HUGETLBFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->spool;
}

static inline struct hugepage_subpool *subpool_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return subpool_inode(file_inode(vma->vm_file));
}

/* Helper that removes a struct file_region from the resv_map cache and returns
 * it for use.
 */
static struct file_region *
get_file_region_entry_from_cache(struct resv_map *resv, long from, long to)
{
        struct file_region *nrg = NULL;

        VM_BUG_ON(resv->region_cache_count <= 0);

        resv->region_cache_count--;
        nrg = list_first_entry(&resv->region_cache, struct file_region, link);
        list_del(&nrg->link);

        nrg->from = from;
        nrg->to = to;

        return nrg;
}

static void copy_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(struct file_region *nrg,
                                              struct file_region *rg)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB
        nrg->reservation_counter = rg->reservation_counter;
        nrg->css = rg->css;
        if (rg->css)
                css_get(rg->css);
#endif
}

/* Helper that records hugetlb_cgroup uncharge info. */
static void record_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg,
                                                struct hstate *h,
                                                struct resv_map *resv,
                                                struct file_region *nrg)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB
        if (h_cg) {
                nrg->reservation_counter =
                        &h_cg->rsvd_hugepage[hstate_index(h)];
                nrg->css = &h_cg->css;
                if (!resv->pages_per_hpage)
                        resv->pages_per_hpage = pages_per_huge_page(h);
                /* pages_per_hpage should be the same for all entries in
                 * a resv_map.
                 */
                VM_BUG_ON(resv->pages_per_hpage != pages_per_huge_page(h));
        } else {
                nrg->reservation_counter = NULL;
                nrg->css = NULL;
        }
#endif
}

static bool has_same_uncharge_info(struct file_region *rg,
                                   struct file_region *org)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB
        return rg && org &&
               rg->reservation_counter == org->reservation_counter &&
               rg->css == org->css;

#else
        return true;
#endif
}

static void coalesce_file_region(struct resv_map *resv, struct file_region *rg)
{
        struct file_region *nrg = NULL, *prg = NULL;

        prg = list_prev_entry(rg, link);
        if (&prg->link != &resv->regions && prg->to == rg->from &&
            has_same_uncharge_info(prg, rg)) {
                prg->to = rg->to;

                list_del(&rg->link);
                kfree(rg);

                rg = prg;
        }

        nrg = list_next_entry(rg, link);
        if (&nrg->link != &resv->regions && nrg->from == rg->to &&
            has_same_uncharge_info(nrg, rg)) {
                nrg->from = rg->from;

                list_del(&rg->link);
                kfree(rg);
        }
}

/*
 * Must be called with resv->lock held.
 *
 * Calling this with regions_needed != NULL will count the number of pages
 * to be added but will not modify the linked list. And regions_needed will
 * indicate the number of file_regions needed in the cache to carry out to add
 * the regions for this range.
 */
static long add_reservation_in_range(struct resv_map *resv, long f, long t,
                                     struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg,
                                     struct hstate *h, long *regions_needed)
{
        long add = 0;
        struct list_head *head = &resv->regions;
        long last_accounted_offset = f;
        struct file_region *rg = NULL, *trg = NULL, *nrg = NULL;

        if (regions_needed)
                *regions_needed = 0;

        /* In this loop, we essentially handle an entry for the range
         * [last_accounted_offset, rg->from), at every iteration, with some
         * bounds checking.
         */
        list_for_each_entry_safe(rg, trg, head, link) {
                /* Skip irrelevant regions that start before our range. */
                if (rg->from < f) {
                        /* If this region ends after the last accounted offset,
                         * then we need to update last_accounted_offset.
                         */
                        if (rg->to > last_accounted_offset)
                                last_accounted_offset = rg->to;
                        continue;
                }

                /* When we find a region that starts beyond our range, we've
                 * finished.
                 */
                if (rg->from > t)
                        break;

                /* Add an entry for last_accounted_offset -> rg->from, and
                 * update last_accounted_offset.
                 */
                if (rg->from > last_accounted_offset) {
                        add += rg->from - last_accounted_offset;
                        if (!regions_needed) {
                                nrg = get_file_region_entry_from_cache(
                                        resv, last_accounted_offset, rg->from);
                                record_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(h_cg, h,
                                                                    resv, nrg);
                                list_add(&nrg->link, rg->link.prev);
                                coalesce_file_region(resv, nrg);
                        } else
                                *regions_needed += 1;
                }

                last_accounted_offset = rg->to;
        }

        /* Handle the case where our range extends beyond
         * last_accounted_offset.
         */
        if (last_accounted_offset < t) {
                add += t - last_accounted_offset;
                if (!regions_needed) {
                        nrg = get_file_region_entry_from_cache(
                                resv, last_accounted_offset, t);
                        record_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(h_cg, h, resv, nrg);
                        list_add(&nrg->link, rg->link.prev);
                        coalesce_file_region(resv, nrg);
                } else
                        *regions_needed += 1;
        }

        VM_BUG_ON(add < 0);
        return add;
}

/* Must be called with resv->lock acquired. Will drop lock to allocate entries.
 */
static int allocate_file_region_entries(struct resv_map *resv,
                                        int regions_needed)
        __must_hold(&resv->lock)
{
        struct list_head allocated_regions;
        int to_allocate = 0, i = 0;
        struct file_region *trg = NULL, *rg = NULL;

        VM_BUG_ON(regions_needed < 0);

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&allocated_regions);

        /*
         * Check for sufficient descriptors in the cache to accommodate
         * the number of in progress add operations plus regions_needed.
         *
         * This is a while loop because when we drop the lock, some other call
         * to region_add or region_del may have consumed some region_entries,
         * so we keep looping here until we finally have enough entries for
         * (adds_in_progress + regions_needed).
         */
        while (resv->region_cache_count <
               (resv->adds_in_progress + regions_needed)) {
                to_allocate = resv->adds_in_progress + regions_needed -
                              resv->region_cache_count;

                /* At this point, we should have enough entries in the cache
                 * for all the existings adds_in_progress. We should only be
                 * needing to allocate for regions_needed.
                 */
                VM_BUG_ON(resv->region_cache_count < resv->adds_in_progress);

                spin_unlock(&resv->lock);
                for (i = 0; i < to_allocate; i++) {
                        trg = kmalloc(sizeof(*trg), GFP_KERNEL);
                        if (!trg)
                                goto out_of_memory;
                        list_add(&trg->link, &allocated_regions);
                }

                spin_lock(&resv->lock);

                list_splice(&allocated_regions, &resv->region_cache);
                resv->region_cache_count += to_allocate;
        }

        return 0;

out_of_memory:
        list_for_each_entry_safe(rg, trg, &allocated_regions, link) {
                list_del(&rg->link);
                kfree(rg);
        }
        return -ENOMEM;
}

/*
 * Add the huge page range represented by [f, t) to the reserve
 * map.  Regions will be taken from the cache to fill in this range.
 * Sufficient regions should exist in the cache due to the previous
 * call to region_chg with the same range, but in some cases the cache will not
 * have sufficient entries due to races with other code doing region_add or
 * region_del.  The extra needed entries will be allocated.
 *
 * regions_needed is the out value provided by a previous call to region_chg.
 *
 * Return the number of new huge pages added to the map.  This number is greater
 * than or equal to zero.  If file_region entries needed to be allocated for
 * this operation and we were not able to allocate, it returns -ENOMEM.
 * region_add of regions of length 1 never allocate file_regions and cannot
 * fail; region_chg will always allocate at least 1 entry and a region_add for
 * 1 page will only require at most 1 entry.
 */
static long region_add(struct resv_map *resv, long f, long t,
                       long in_regions_needed, struct hstate *h,
                       struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg)
{
        long add = 0, actual_regions_needed = 0;

        spin_lock(&resv->lock);
retry:

        /* Count how many regions are actually needed to execute this add. */
        add_reservation_in_range(resv, f, t, NULL, NULL,
                                 &actual_regions_needed);

        /*
         * Check for sufficient descriptors in the cache to accommodate
         * this add operation. Note that actual_regions_needed may be greater
         * than in_regions_needed, as the resv_map may have been modified since
         * the region_chg call. In this case, we need to make sure that we
         * allocate extra entries, such that we have enough for all the
         * existing adds_in_progress, plus the excess needed for this
         * operation.
         */
        if (actual_regions_needed > in_regions_needed &&
            resv->region_cache_count <
                    resv->adds_in_progress +
                            (actual_regions_needed - in_regions_needed)) {
                /* region_add operation of range 1 should never need to
                 * allocate file_region entries.
                 */
                VM_BUG_ON(t - f <= 1);

                if (allocate_file_region_entries(
                            resv, actual_regions_needed - in_regions_needed)) {
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }

                goto retry;
        }

        add = add_reservation_in_range(resv, f, t, h_cg, h, NULL);

        resv->adds_in_progress -= in_regions_needed;

        spin_unlock(&resv->lock);
        VM_BUG_ON(add < 0);
        return add;
}

/*
 * Examine the existing reserve map and determine how many
 * huge pages in the specified range [f, t) are NOT currently
 * represented.  This routine is called before a subsequent
 * call to region_add that will actually modify the reserve
 * map to add the specified range [f, t).  region_chg does
 * not change the number of huge pages represented by the
 * map.  A number of new file_region structures is added to the cache as a
 * placeholder, for the subsequent region_add call to use. At least 1
 * file_region structure is added.
 *
 * out_regions_needed is the number of regions added to the
 * resv->adds_in_progress.  This value needs to be provided to a follow up call
 * to region_add or region_abort for proper accounting.
 *
 * Returns the number of huge pages that need to be added to the existing
 * reservation map for the range [f, t).  This number is greater or equal to
 * zero.  -ENOMEM is returned if a new file_region structure or cache entry
 * is needed and can not be allocated.
 */
static long region_chg(struct resv_map *resv, long f, long t,
                       long *out_regions_needed)
{
        long chg = 0;

        spin_lock(&resv->lock);

        /* Count how many hugepages in this range are NOT represented. */
        chg = add_reservation_in_range(resv, f, t, NULL, NULL,
                                       out_regions_needed);

        if (*out_regions_needed == 0)
                *out_regions_needed = 1;

        if (allocate_file_region_entries(resv, *out_regions_needed))
                return -ENOMEM;

        resv->adds_in_progress += *out_regions_needed;

        spin_unlock(&resv->lock);
        return chg;
}

/*
 * Abort the in progress add operation.  The adds_in_progress field
 * of the resv_map keeps track of the operations in progress between
 * calls to region_chg and region_add.  Operations are sometimes
 * aborted after the call to region_chg.  In such cases, region_abort
 * is called to decrement the adds_in_progress counter. regions_needed
 * is the value returned by the region_chg call, it is used to decrement
 * the adds_in_progress counter.
 *
 * NOTE: The range arguments [f, t) are not needed or used in this
 * routine.  They are kept to make reading the calling code easier as
 * arguments will match the associated region_chg call.
 */
static void region_abort(struct resv_map *resv, long f, long t,
                         long regions_needed)
{
        spin_lock(&resv->lock);
        VM_BUG_ON(!resv->region_cache_count);
        resv->adds_in_progress -= regions_needed;
        spin_unlock(&resv->lock);
}

/*
 * Delete the specified range [f, t) from the reserve map.  If the
 * t parameter is LONG_MAX, this indicates that ALL regions after f
 * should be deleted.  Locate the regions which intersect [f, t)
 * and either trim, delete or split the existing regions.
 *
 * Returns the number of huge pages deleted from the reserve map.
 * In the normal case, the return value is zero or more.  In the
 * case where a region must be split, a new region descriptor must
 * be allocated.  If the allocation fails, -ENOMEM will be returned.
 * NOTE: If the parameter t == LONG_MAX, then we will never split
 * a region and possibly return -ENOMEM.  Callers specifying
 * t == LONG_MAX do not need to check for -ENOMEM error.
 */
static long region_del(struct resv_map *resv, long f, long t)
{
        struct list_head *head = &resv->regions;
        struct file_region *rg, *trg;
        struct file_region *nrg = NULL;
        long del = 0;

retry:
        spin_lock(&resv->lock);
        list_for_each_entry_safe(rg, trg, head, link) {
                /*
                 * Skip regions before the range to be deleted.  file_region
                 * ranges are normally of the form [from, to).  However, there
                 * may be a "placeholder" entry in the map which is of the form
                 * (from, to) with from == to.  Check for placeholder entries
                 * at the beginning of the range to be deleted.
                 */
                if (rg->to <= f && (rg->to != rg->from || rg->to != f))
                        continue;

                if (rg->from >= t)
                        break;

                if (f > rg->from && t < rg->to) { /* Must split region */
                        /*
                         * Check for an entry in the cache before dropping
                         * lock and attempting allocation.
                         */
                        if (!nrg &&
                            resv->region_cache_count > resv->adds_in_progress) {
                                nrg = list_first_entry(&resv->region_cache,
                                                        struct file_region,
                                                        link);
                                list_del(&nrg->link);
                                resv->region_cache_count--;
                        }

                        if (!nrg) {
                                spin_unlock(&resv->lock);
                                nrg = kmalloc(sizeof(*nrg), GFP_KERNEL);
                                if (!nrg)
                                        return -ENOMEM;
                                goto retry;
                        }

                        del += t - f;
                        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(
                                resv, rg, t - f);

                        /* New entry for end of split region */
                        nrg->from = t;
                        nrg->to = rg->to;

                        copy_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(nrg, rg);

                        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&nrg->link);

                        /* Original entry is trimmed */
                        rg->to = f;

                        list_add(&nrg->link, &rg->link);
                        nrg = NULL;
                        break;
                }

                if (f <= rg->from && t >= rg->to) { /* Remove entire region */
                        del += rg->to - rg->from;
                        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(resv, rg,
                                                            rg->to - rg->from);
                        list_del(&rg->link);
                        kfree(rg);
                        continue;
                }

                if (f <= rg->from) {    /* Trim beginning of region */
                        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(resv, rg,
                                                            t - rg->from);

                        del += t - rg->from;
                        rg->from = t;
                } else {                /* Trim end of region */
                        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(resv, rg,
                                                            rg->to - f);

                        del += rg->to - f;
                        rg->to = f;
                }
        }

        spin_unlock(&resv->lock);
        kfree(nrg);
        return del;
}

/*
 * A rare out of memory error was encountered which prevented removal of
 * the reserve map region for a page.  The huge page itself was free'ed
 * and removed from the page cache.  This routine will adjust the subpool
 * usage count, and the global reserve count if needed.  By incrementing
 * these counts, the reserve map entry which could not be deleted will
 * appear as a "reserved" entry instead of simply dangling with incorrect
 * counts.
 */
void hugetlb_fix_reserve_counts(struct inode *inode)
{
        struct hugepage_subpool *spool = subpool_inode(inode);
        long rsv_adjust;

        rsv_adjust = hugepage_subpool_get_pages(spool, 1);
        if (rsv_adjust) {
                struct hstate *h = hstate_inode(inode);

                hugetlb_acct_memory(h, 1);
        }
}

/*
 * Count and return the number of huge pages in the reserve map
 * that intersect with the range [f, t).
 */
static long region_count(struct resv_map *resv, long f, long t)
{
        struct list_head *head = &resv->regions;
        struct file_region *rg;
        long chg = 0;

        spin_lock(&resv->lock);
        /* Locate each segment we overlap with, and count that overlap. */
        list_for_each_entry(rg, head, link) {
                long seg_from;
                long seg_to;

                if (rg->to <= f)
                        continue;
                if (rg->from >= t)
                        break;

                seg_from = max(rg->from, f);
                seg_to = min(rg->to, t);

                chg += seg_to - seg_from;
        }
        spin_unlock(&resv->lock);

        return chg;
}

/*
 * Convert the address within this vma to the page offset within
 * the mapping, in pagecache page units; huge pages here.
 */
static pgoff_t vma_hugecache_offset(struct hstate *h,
                        struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
{
        return ((address - vma->vm_start) >> huge_page_shift(h)) +
                        (vma->vm_pgoff >> huge_page_order(h));
}

pgoff_t linear_hugepage_index(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                     unsigned long address)
{
        return vma_hugecache_offset(hstate_vma(vma), vma, address);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(linear_hugepage_index);

/*
 * Return the size of the pages allocated when backing a VMA. In the majority
 * cases this will be same size as used by the page table entries.
 */
unsigned long vma_kernel_pagesize(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->pagesize)
                return vma->vm_ops->pagesize(vma);
        return PAGE_SIZE;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vma_kernel_pagesize);

/*
 * Return the page size being used by the MMU to back a VMA. In the majority
 * of cases, the page size used by the kernel matches the MMU size. On
 * architectures where it differs, an architecture-specific 'strong'
 * version of this symbol is required.
 */
__weak unsigned long vma_mmu_pagesize(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return vma_kernel_pagesize(vma);
}

/*
 * Flags for MAP_PRIVATE reservations.  These are stored in the bottom
 * bits of the reservation map pointer, which are always clear due to
 * alignment.
 */
#define HPAGE_RESV_OWNER    (1UL << 0)
#define HPAGE_RESV_UNMAPPED (1UL << 1)
#define HPAGE_RESV_MASK (HPAGE_RESV_OWNER | HPAGE_RESV_UNMAPPED)

/*
 * These helpers are used to track how many pages are reserved for
 * faults in a MAP_PRIVATE mapping. Only the process that called mmap()
 * is guaranteed to have their future faults succeed.
 *
 * With the exception of reset_vma_resv_huge_pages() which is called at fork(),
 * the reserve counters are updated with the hugetlb_lock held. It is safe
 * to reset the VMA at fork() time as it is not in use yet and there is no
 * chance of the global counters getting corrupted as a result of the values.
 *
 * The private mapping reservation is represented in a subtly different
 * manner to a shared mapping.  A shared mapping has a region map associated
 * with the underlying file, this region map represents the backing file
 * pages which have ever had a reservation assigned which this persists even
 * after the page is instantiated.  A private mapping has a region map
 * associated with the original mmap which is attached to all VMAs which
 * reference it, this region map represents those offsets which have consumed
 * reservation ie. where pages have been instantiated.
 */
static unsigned long get_vma_private_data(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return (unsigned long)vma->vm_private_data;
}

static void set_vma_private_data(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                                        unsigned long value)
{
        vma->vm_private_data = (void *)value;
}

static void
resv_map_set_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(struct resv_map *resv_map,
                                          struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg,
                                          struct hstate *h)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB
        if (!h_cg || !h) {
                resv_map->reservation_counter = NULL;
                resv_map->pages_per_hpage = 0;
                resv_map->css = NULL;
        } else {
                resv_map->reservation_counter =
                        &h_cg->rsvd_hugepage[hstate_index(h)];
                resv_map->pages_per_hpage = pages_per_huge_page(h);
                resv_map->css = &h_cg->css;
        }
#endif
}

struct resv_map *resv_map_alloc(void)
{
        struct resv_map *resv_map = kmalloc(sizeof(*resv_map), GFP_KERNEL);
        struct file_region *rg = kmalloc(sizeof(*rg), GFP_KERNEL);

        if (!resv_map || !rg) {
                kfree(resv_map);
                kfree(rg);
                return NULL;
        }

        kref_init(&resv_map->refs);
        spin_lock_init(&resv_map->lock);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&resv_map->regions);

        resv_map->adds_in_progress = 0;
        /*
         * Initialize these to 0. On shared mappings, 0's here indicate these
         * fields don't do cgroup accounting. On private mappings, these will be
         * re-initialized to the proper values, to indicate that hugetlb cgroup
         * reservations are to be un-charged from here.
         */
        resv_map_set_hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_info(resv_map, NULL, NULL);

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&resv_map->region_cache);
        list_add(&rg->link, &resv_map->region_cache);
        resv_map->region_cache_count = 1;

        return resv_map;
}

void resv_map_release(struct kref *ref)
{
        struct resv_map *resv_map = container_of(ref, struct resv_map, refs);
        struct list_head *head = &resv_map->region_cache;
        struct file_region *rg, *trg;

        /* Clear out any active regions before we release the map. */
        region_del(resv_map, 0, LONG_MAX);

        /* ... and any entries left in the cache */
        list_for_each_entry_safe(rg, trg, head, link) {
                list_del(&rg->link);
                kfree(rg);
        }

        VM_BUG_ON(resv_map->adds_in_progress);

        kfree(resv_map);
}

static inline struct resv_map *inode_resv_map(struct inode *inode)
{
        /*
         * At inode evict time, i_mapping may not point to the original
         * address space within the inode.  This original address space
         * contains the pointer to the resv_map.  So, always use the
         * address space embedded within the inode.
         * The VERY common case is inode->mapping == &inode->i_data but,
         * this may not be true for device special inodes.
         */
        return (struct resv_map *)(&inode->i_data)->private_data;
}

static struct resv_map *vma_resv_map(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma), vma);
        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE) {
                struct address_space *mapping = vma->vm_file->f_mapping;
                struct inode *inode = mapping->host;

                return inode_resv_map(inode);

        } else {
                return (struct resv_map *)(get_vma_private_data(vma) &
                                                        ~HPAGE_RESV_MASK);
        }
}

static void set_vma_resv_map(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct resv_map *map)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma), vma);
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE, vma);

        set_vma_private_data(vma, (get_vma_private_data(vma) &
                                HPAGE_RESV_MASK) | (unsigned long)map);
}

static void set_vma_resv_flags(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long flags)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma), vma);
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE, vma);

        set_vma_private_data(vma, get_vma_private_data(vma) | flags);
}

static int is_vma_resv_set(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long flag)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma), vma);

        return (get_vma_private_data(vma) & flag) != 0;
}

/* Reset counters to 0 and clear all HPAGE_RESV_* flags */
void reset_vma_resv_huge_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma), vma);
        if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE))
                vma->vm_private_data = (void *)0;
}

/* Returns true if the VMA has associated reserve pages */
static bool vma_has_reserves(struct vm_area_struct *vma, long chg)
{
        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_NORESERVE) {
                /*
                 * This address is already reserved by other process(chg == 0),
                 * so, we should decrement reserved count. Without decrementing,
                 * reserve count remains after releasing inode, because this
                 * allocated page will go into page cache and is regarded as
                 * coming from reserved pool in releasing step.  Currently, we
                 * don't have any other solution to deal with this situation
                 * properly, so add work-around here.
                 */
                if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE && chg == 0)
                        return true;
                else
                        return false;
        }

        /* Shared mappings always use reserves */
        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE) {
                /*
                 * We know VM_NORESERVE is not set.  Therefore, there SHOULD
                 * be a region map for all pages.  The only situation where
                 * there is no region map is if a hole was punched via
                 * fallocate.  In this case, there really are no reserves to
                 * use.  This situation is indicated if chg != 0.
                 */
                if (chg)
                        return false;
                else
                        return true;
        }

        /*
         * Only the process that called mmap() has reserves for
         * private mappings.
         */
        if (is_vma_resv_set(vma, HPAGE_RESV_OWNER)) {

                /*
                 * Like the shared case above, a hole punch or truncate
                 * could have been performed on the private mapping.
                 * Examine the value of chg to determine if reserves
                 * actually exist or were previously consumed.
                 * Very Subtle - The value of chg comes from a previous
                 * call to vma_needs_reserves().  The reserve map for
                 * private mappings has different (opposite) semantics
                 * than that of shared mappings.  vma_needs_reserves()
                 * has already taken this difference in semantics into
                 * account.  Therefore, the meaning of chg is the same
                 * as in the shared case above.  Code could easily be
                 * combined, but keeping it separate draws attention to
                 * subtle differences.
                 */
                if (chg)
                        return false;
                else
                        return true;
        }

        return false;
}

static void enqueue_huge_page(struct hstate *h, struct page *page)
{
        int nid = page_to_nid(page);
        list_move(&page->lru, &h->hugepage_freelists[nid]);
        h->free_huge_pages++;
        h->free_huge_pages_node[nid]++;
}

static struct page *dequeue_huge_page_node_exact(struct hstate *h, int nid)
{
        struct page *page;
        bool nocma = !!(current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC_NOCMA);

        list_for_each_entry(page, &h->hugepage_freelists[nid], lru) {
                if (nocma && is_migrate_cma_page(page))
                        continue;

                if (PageHWPoison(page))
                        continue;

                list_move(&page->lru, &h->hugepage_activelist);
                set_page_refcounted(page);
                h->free_huge_pages--;
                h->free_huge_pages_node[nid]--;
                return page;
        }

        return NULL;
}

static struct page *dequeue_huge_page_nodemask(struct hstate *h, gfp_t gfp_mask, int nid,
                nodemask_t *nmask)
{
        unsigned int cpuset_mems_cookie;
        struct zonelist *zonelist;
        struct zone *zone;
        struct zoneref *z;
        int node = NUMA_NO_NODE;

        zonelist = node_zonelist(nid, gfp_mask);

retry_cpuset:
        cpuset_mems_cookie = read_mems_allowed_begin();
        for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zonelist, gfp_zone(gfp_mask), nmask) {
                struct page *page;

                if (!cpuset_zone_allowed(zone, gfp_mask))
                        continue;
                /*
                 * no need to ask again on the same node. Pool is node rather than
                 * zone aware
                 */
                if (zone_to_nid(zone) == node)
                        continue;
                node = zone_to_nid(zone);

                page = dequeue_huge_page_node_exact(h, node);
                if (page)
                        return page;
        }
        if (unlikely(read_mems_allowed_retry(cpuset_mems_cookie)))
                goto retry_cpuset;

        return NULL;
}

static struct page *dequeue_huge_page_vma(struct hstate *h,
                                struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                unsigned long address, int avoid_reserve,
                                long chg)
{
        struct page *page;
        struct mempolicy *mpol;
        gfp_t gfp_mask;
        nodemask_t *nodemask;
        int nid;

        /*
         * A child process with MAP_PRIVATE mappings created by their parent
         * have no page reserves. This check ensures that reservations are
         * not "stolen". The child may still get SIGKILLed
         */
        if (!vma_has_reserves(vma, chg) &&
                        h->free_huge_pages - h->resv_huge_pages == 0)
                goto err;

        /* If reserves cannot be used, ensure enough pages are in the pool */
        if (avoid_reserve && h->free_huge_pages - h->resv_huge_pages == 0)
                goto err;

        gfp_mask = htlb_alloc_mask(h);
        nid = huge_node(vma, address, gfp_mask, &mpol, &nodemask);
        page = dequeue_huge_page_nodemask(h, gfp_mask, nid, nodemask);
        if (page && !avoid_reserve && vma_has_reserves(vma, chg)) {
                SetPagePrivate(page);
                h->resv_huge_pages--;
        }

        mpol_cond_put(mpol);
        return page;

err:
        return NULL;
}

/*
 * common helper functions for hstate_next_node_to_{alloc|free}.
 * We may have allocated or freed a huge page based on a different
 * nodes_allowed previously, so h->next_node_to_{alloc|free} might
 * be outside of *nodes_allowed.  Ensure that we use an allowed
 * node for alloc or free.
 */
static int next_node_allowed(int nid, nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
        nid = next_node_in(nid, *nodes_allowed);
        VM_BUG_ON(nid >= MAX_NUMNODES);

        return nid;
}

static int get_valid_node_allowed(int nid, nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
        if (!node_isset(nid, *nodes_allowed))
                nid = next_node_allowed(nid, nodes_allowed);
        return nid;
}

/*
 * returns the previously saved node ["this node"] from which to
 * allocate a persistent huge page for the pool and advance the
 * next node from which to allocate, handling wrap at end of node
 * mask.
 */
static int hstate_next_node_to_alloc(struct hstate *h,
                                        nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
        int nid;

        VM_BUG_ON(!nodes_allowed);

        nid = get_valid_node_allowed(h->next_nid_to_alloc, nodes_allowed);
        h->next_nid_to_alloc = next_node_allowed(nid, nodes_allowed);

        return nid;
}

/*
 * helper for free_pool_huge_page() - return the previously saved
 * node ["this node"] from which to free a huge page.  Advance the
 * next node id whether or not we find a free huge page to free so
 * that the next attempt to free addresses the next node.
 */
static int hstate_next_node_to_free(struct hstate *h, nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
        int nid;

        VM_BUG_ON(!nodes_allowed);

        nid = get_valid_node_allowed(h->next_nid_to_free, nodes_allowed);
        h->next_nid_to_free = next_node_allowed(nid, nodes_allowed);

        return nid;
}

#define for_each_node_mask_to_alloc(hs, nr_nodes, node, mask)           \
        for (nr_nodes = nodes_weight(*mask);                            \
                nr_nodes > 0 &&                                         \
                ((node = hstate_next_node_to_alloc(hs, mask)) || 1);    \
                nr_nodes--)

#define for_each_node_mask_to_free(hs, nr_nodes, node, mask)            \
        for (nr_nodes = nodes_weight(*mask);                            \
                nr_nodes > 0 &&                                         \
                ((node = hstate_next_node_to_free(hs, mask)) || 1);     \
                nr_nodes--)

#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_GIGANTIC_PAGE
static void destroy_compound_gigantic_page(struct page *page,
                                        unsigned int order)
{
        int i;
        int nr_pages = 1 << order;
        struct page *p = page + 1;

        atomic_set(compound_mapcount_ptr(page), 0);
        if (hpage_pincount_available(page))
                atomic_set(compound_pincount_ptr(page), 0);

        for (i = 1; i < nr_pages; i++, p = mem_map_next(p, page, i)) {
                clear_compound_head(p);
                set_page_refcounted(p);
        }

        set_compound_order(page, 0);
        page[1].compound_nr = 0;
        __ClearPageHead(page);
}

static void free_gigantic_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order)
{
        /*
         * If the page isn't allocated using the cma allocator,
         * cma_release() returns false.
         */
#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
        if (cma_release(hugetlb_cma[page_to_nid(page)], page, 1 << order))
                return;
#endif

        free_contig_range(page_to_pfn(page), 1 << order);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_CONTIG_ALLOC
static struct page *alloc_gigantic_page(struct hstate *h, gfp_t gfp_mask,
                int nid, nodemask_t *nodemask)
{
        unsigned long nr_pages = 1UL << huge_page_order(h);
        if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
                nid = numa_mem_id();

#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
        {
                struct page *page;
                int node;

                if (hugetlb_cma[nid]) {
                        page = cma_alloc(hugetlb_cma[nid], nr_pages,
                                        huge_page_order(h), true);
                        if (page)
                                return page;
                }

                if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_THISNODE)) {
                        for_each_node_mask(node, *nodemask) {
                                if (node == nid || !hugetlb_cma[node])
                                        continue;

                                page = cma_alloc(hugetlb_cma[node], nr_pages,
                                                huge_page_order(h), true);
                                if (page)
                                        return page;
                        }
                }
        }
#endif

        return alloc_contig_pages(nr_pages, gfp_mask, nid, nodemask);
}

static void prep_new_huge_page(struct hstate *h, struct page *page, int nid);
static void prep_compound_gigantic_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order);
#else /* !CONFIG_CONTIG_ALLOC */
static struct page *alloc_gigantic_page(struct hstate *h, gfp_t gfp_mask,
                                        int nid, nodemask_t *nodemask)
{
        return NULL;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_CONTIG_ALLOC */

#else /* !CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_GIGANTIC_PAGE */
static struct page *alloc_gigantic_page(struct hstate *h, gfp_t gfp_mask,
                                        int nid, nodemask_t *nodemask)
{
        return NULL;
}
static inline void free_gigantic_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order) { }
static inline void destroy_compound_gigantic_page(struct page *page,
                                                unsigned int order) { }
#endif

static void update_and_free_page(struct hstate *h, struct page *page)
{
        int i;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h) && !gigantic_page_runtime_supported())
                return;

        h->nr_huge_pages--;
        h->nr_huge_pages_node[page_to_nid(page)]--;
        for (i = 0; i < pages_per_huge_page(h); i++) {
                page[i].flags &= ~(1 << PG_locked | 1 << PG_error |
                                1 << PG_referenced | 1 << PG_dirty |
                                1 << PG_active | 1 << PG_private |
                                1 << PG_writeback);
        }
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(hugetlb_cgroup_from_page(page), page);
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(hugetlb_cgroup_from_page_rsvd(page), page);
        set_compound_page_dtor(page, NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR);
        set_page_refcounted(page);
        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h)) {
                /*
                 * Temporarily drop the hugetlb_lock, because
                 * we might block in free_gigantic_page().
                 */
                spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
                destroy_compound_gigantic_page(page, huge_page_order(h));
                free_gigantic_page(page, huge_page_order(h));
                spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        } else {
                __free_pages(page, huge_page_order(h));
        }
}

struct hstate *size_to_hstate(unsigned long size)
{
        struct hstate *h;

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                if (huge_page_size(h) == size)
                        return h;
        }
        return NULL;
}

/*
 * Test to determine whether the hugepage is "active/in-use" (i.e. being linked
 * to hstate->hugepage_activelist.)
 *
 * This function can be called for tail pages, but never returns true for them.
 */
bool page_huge_active(struct page *page)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHuge(page), page);
        return PageHead(page) && PagePrivate(&page[1]);
}

/* never called for tail page */
static void set_page_huge_active(struct page *page)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHeadHuge(page), page);
        SetPagePrivate(&page[1]);
}

static void clear_page_huge_active(struct page *page)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHeadHuge(page), page);
        ClearPagePrivate(&page[1]);
}

/*
 * Internal hugetlb specific page flag. Do not use outside of the hugetlb
 * code
 */
static inline bool PageHugeTemporary(struct page *page)
{
        if (!PageHuge(page))
                return false;

        return (unsigned long)page[2].mapping == -1U;
}

static inline void SetPageHugeTemporary(struct page *page)
{
        page[2].mapping = (void *)-1U;
}

static inline void ClearPageHugeTemporary(struct page *page)
{
        page[2].mapping = NULL;
}

static void __free_huge_page(struct page *page)
{
        /*
         * Can't pass hstate in here because it is called from the
         * compound page destructor.
         */
        struct hstate *h = page_hstate(page);
        int nid = page_to_nid(page);
        struct hugepage_subpool *spool =
                (struct hugepage_subpool *)page_private(page);
        bool restore_reserve;

        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_count(page), page);
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_mapcount(page), page);

        set_page_private(page, 0);
        page->mapping = NULL;
        restore_reserve = PagePrivate(page);
        ClearPagePrivate(page);

        /*
         * If PagePrivate() was set on page, page allocation consumed a
         * reservation.  If the page was associated with a subpool, there
         * would have been a page reserved in the subpool before allocation
         * via hugepage_subpool_get_pages().  Since we are 'restoring' the
         * reservtion, do not call hugepage_subpool_put_pages() as this will
         * remove the reserved page from the subpool.
         */
        if (!restore_reserve) {
                /*
                 * A return code of zero implies that the subpool will be
                 * under its minimum size if the reservation is not restored
                 * after page is free.  Therefore, force restore_reserve
                 * operation.
                 */
                if (hugepage_subpool_put_pages(spool, 1) == 0)
                        restore_reserve = true;
        }

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        clear_page_huge_active(page);
        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_page(hstate_index(h),
                                     pages_per_huge_page(h), page);
        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_page_rsvd(hstate_index(h),
                                          pages_per_huge_page(h), page);
        if (restore_reserve)
                h->resv_huge_pages++;

        if (PageHugeTemporary(page)) {
                list_del(&page->lru);
                ClearPageHugeTemporary(page);
                update_and_free_page(h, page);
        } else if (h->surplus_huge_pages_node[nid]) {
                /* remove the page from active list */
                list_del(&page->lru);
                update_and_free_page(h, page);
                h->surplus_huge_pages--;
                h->surplus_huge_pages_node[nid]--;
        } else {
                arch_clear_hugepage_flags(page);
                enqueue_huge_page(h, page);
        }
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
}

/*
 * As free_huge_page() can be called from a non-task context, we have
 * to defer the actual freeing in a workqueue to prevent potential
 * hugetlb_lock deadlock.
 *
 * free_hpage_workfn() locklessly retrieves the linked list of pages to
 * be freed and frees them one-by-one. As the page->mapping pointer is
 * going to be cleared in __free_huge_page() anyway, it is reused as the
 * llist_node structure of a lockless linked list of huge pages to be freed.
 */
static LLIST_HEAD(hpage_freelist);

static void free_hpage_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct llist_node *node;
        struct page *page;

        node = llist_del_all(&hpage_freelist);

        while (node) {
                page = container_of((struct address_space **)node,
                                     struct page, mapping);
                node = node->next;
                __free_huge_page(page);
        }
}
static DECLARE_WORK(free_hpage_work, free_hpage_workfn);

void free_huge_page(struct page *page)
{
        /*
         * Defer freeing if in non-task context to avoid hugetlb_lock deadlock.
         */
        if (!in_task()) {
                /*
                 * Only call schedule_work() if hpage_freelist is previously
                 * empty. Otherwise, schedule_work() had been called but the
                 * workfn hasn't retrieved the list yet.
                 */
                if (llist_add((struct llist_node *)&page->mapping,
                              &hpage_freelist))
                        schedule_work(&free_hpage_work);
                return;
        }

        __free_huge_page(page);
}

static void prep_new_huge_page(struct hstate *h, struct page *page, int nid)
{
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&page->lru);
        set_compound_page_dtor(page, HUGETLB_PAGE_DTOR);
        set_hugetlb_cgroup(page, NULL);
        set_hugetlb_cgroup_rsvd(page, NULL);
        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        h->nr_huge_pages++;
        h->nr_huge_pages_node[nid]++;
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
}

static void prep_compound_gigantic_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order)
{
        int i;
        int nr_pages = 1 << order;
        struct page *p = page + 1;

        /* we rely on prep_new_huge_page to set the destructor */
        set_compound_order(page, order);
        __ClearPageReserved(page);
        __SetPageHead(page);
        for (i = 1; i < nr_pages; i++, p = mem_map_next(p, page, i)) {
                /*
                 * For gigantic hugepages allocated through bootmem at
                 * boot, it's safer to be consistent with the not-gigantic
                 * hugepages and clear the PG_reserved bit from all tail pages
                 * too.  Otherwise drivers using get_user_pages() to access tail
                 * pages may get the reference counting wrong if they see
                 * PG_reserved set on a tail page (despite the head page not
                 * having PG_reserved set).  Enforcing this consistency between
                 * head and tail pages allows drivers to optimize away a check
                 * on the head page when they need know if put_page() is needed
                 * after get_user_pages().
                 */
                __ClearPageReserved(p);
                set_page_count(p, 0);
                set_compound_head(p, page);
        }
        atomic_set(compound_mapcount_ptr(page), -1);

        if (hpage_pincount_available(page))
                atomic_set(compound_pincount_ptr(page), 0);
}

/*
 * PageHuge() only returns true for hugetlbfs pages, but not for normal or
 * transparent huge pages.  See the PageTransHuge() documentation for more
 * details.
 */
int PageHuge(struct page *page)
{
        if (!PageCompound(page))
                return 0;

        page = compound_head(page);
        return page[1].compound_dtor == HUGETLB_PAGE_DTOR;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(PageHuge);

/*
 * PageHeadHuge() only returns true for hugetlbfs head page, but not for
 * normal or transparent huge pages.
 */
int PageHeadHuge(struct page *page_head)
{
        if (!PageHead(page_head))
                return 0;

        return page_head[1].compound_dtor == HUGETLB_PAGE_DTOR;
}

/*
 * Find and lock address space (mapping) in write mode.
 *
 * Upon entry, the page is locked which means that page_mapping() is
 * stable.  Due to locking order, we can only trylock_write.  If we can
 * not get the lock, simply return NULL to caller.
 */
struct address_space *hugetlb_page_mapping_lock_write(struct page *hpage)
{
        struct address_space *mapping = page_mapping(hpage);

        if (!mapping)
                return mapping;

        if (i_mmap_trylock_write(mapping))
                return mapping;

        return NULL;
}

pgoff_t __basepage_index(struct page *page)
{
        struct page *page_head = compound_head(page);
        pgoff_t index = page_index(page_head);
        unsigned long compound_idx;

        if (!PageHuge(page_head))
                return page_index(page);

        if (compound_order(page_head) >= MAX_ORDER)
                compound_idx = page_to_pfn(page) - page_to_pfn(page_head);
        else
                compound_idx = page - page_head;

        return (index << compound_order(page_head)) + compound_idx;
}

static struct page *alloc_buddy_huge_page(struct hstate *h,
                gfp_t gfp_mask, int nid, nodemask_t *nmask,
                nodemask_t *node_alloc_noretry)
{
        int order = huge_page_order(h);
        struct page *page;
        bool alloc_try_hard = true;

        /*
         * By default we always try hard to allocate the page with
         * __GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL flag.  However, if we are allocating pages in
         * a loop (to adjust global huge page counts) and previous allocation
         * failed, do not continue to try hard on the same node.  Use the
         * node_alloc_noretry bitmap to manage this state information.
         */
        if (node_alloc_noretry && node_isset(nid, *node_alloc_noretry))
                alloc_try_hard = false;
        gfp_mask |= __GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOWARN;
        if (alloc_try_hard)
                gfp_mask |= __GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL;
        if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
                nid = numa_mem_id();
        page = __alloc_pages_nodemask(gfp_mask, order, nid, nmask);
        if (page)
                __count_vm_event(HTLB_BUDDY_PGALLOC);
        else
                __count_vm_event(HTLB_BUDDY_PGALLOC_FAIL);

        /*
         * If we did not specify __GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL, but still got a page this
         * indicates an overall state change.  Clear bit so that we resume
         * normal 'try hard' allocations.
         */
        if (node_alloc_noretry && page && !alloc_try_hard)
                node_clear(nid, *node_alloc_noretry);

        /*
         * If we tried hard to get a page but failed, set bit so that
         * subsequent attempts will not try as hard until there is an
         * overall state change.
         */
        if (node_alloc_noretry && !page && alloc_try_hard)
                node_set(nid, *node_alloc_noretry);

        return page;
}

/*
 * Common helper to allocate a fresh hugetlb page. All specific allocators
 * should use this function to get new hugetlb pages
 */
static struct page *alloc_fresh_huge_page(struct hstate *h,
                gfp_t gfp_mask, int nid, nodemask_t *nmask,
                nodemask_t *node_alloc_noretry)
{
        struct page *page;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                page = alloc_gigantic_page(h, gfp_mask, nid, nmask);
        else
                page = alloc_buddy_huge_page(h, gfp_mask,
                                nid, nmask, node_alloc_noretry);
        if (!page)
                return NULL;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                prep_compound_gigantic_page(page, huge_page_order(h));
        prep_new_huge_page(h, page, page_to_nid(page));

        return page;
}

/*
 * Allocates a fresh page to the hugetlb allocator pool in the node interleaved
 * manner.
 */
static int alloc_pool_huge_page(struct hstate *h, nodemask_t *nodes_allowed,
                                nodemask_t *node_alloc_noretry)
{
        struct page *page;
        int nr_nodes, node;
        gfp_t gfp_mask = htlb_alloc_mask(h) | __GFP_THISNODE;

        for_each_node_mask_to_alloc(h, nr_nodes, node, nodes_allowed) {
                page = alloc_fresh_huge_page(h, gfp_mask, node, nodes_allowed,
                                                node_alloc_noretry);
                if (page)
                        break;
        }

        if (!page)
                return 0;

        put_page(page); /* free it into the hugepage allocator */

        return 1;
}

/*
 * Free huge page from pool from next node to free.
 * Attempt to keep persistent huge pages more or less
 * balanced over allowed nodes.
 * Called with hugetlb_lock locked.
 */
static int free_pool_huge_page(struct hstate *h, nodemask_t *nodes_allowed,
                                                         bool acct_surplus)
{
        int nr_nodes, node;
        int ret = 0;

        for_each_node_mask_to_free(h, nr_nodes, node, nodes_allowed) {
                /*
                 * If we're returning unused surplus pages, only examine
                 * nodes with surplus pages.
                 */
                if ((!acct_surplus || h->surplus_huge_pages_node[node]) &&
                    !list_empty(&h->hugepage_freelists[node])) {
                        struct page *page =
                                list_entry(h->hugepage_freelists[node].next,
                                          struct page, lru);
                        list_del(&page->lru);
                        h->free_huge_pages--;
                        h->free_huge_pages_node[node]--;
                        if (acct_surplus) {
                                h->surplus_huge_pages--;
                                h->surplus_huge_pages_node[node]--;
                        }
                        update_and_free_page(h, page);
                        ret = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Dissolve a given free hugepage into free buddy pages. This function does
 * nothing for in-use hugepages and non-hugepages.
 * This function returns values like below:
 *
 *  -EBUSY: failed to dissolved free hugepages or the hugepage is in-use
 *          (allocated or reserved.)
 *       0: successfully dissolved free hugepages or the page is not a
 *          hugepage (considered as already dissolved)
 */
int dissolve_free_huge_page(struct page *page)
{
        int rc = -EBUSY;

        /* Not to disrupt normal path by vainly holding hugetlb_lock */
        if (!PageHuge(page))
                return 0;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        if (!PageHuge(page)) {
                rc = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        if (!page_count(page)) {
                struct page *head = compound_head(page);
                struct hstate *h = page_hstate(head);
                int nid = page_to_nid(head);
                if (h->free_huge_pages - h->resv_huge_pages == 0)
                        goto out;
                /*
                 * Move PageHWPoison flag from head page to the raw error page,
                 * which makes any subpages rather than the error page reusable.
                 */
                if (PageHWPoison(head) && page != head) {
                        SetPageHWPoison(page);
                        ClearPageHWPoison(head);
                }
                list_del(&head->lru);
                h->free_huge_pages--;
                h->free_huge_pages_node[nid]--;
                h->max_huge_pages--;
                update_and_free_page(h, head);
                rc = 0;
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
        return rc;
}

/*
 * Dissolve free hugepages in a given pfn range. Used by memory hotplug to
 * make specified memory blocks removable from the system.
 * Note that this will dissolve a free gigantic hugepage completely, if any
 * part of it lies within the given range.
 * Also note that if dissolve_free_huge_page() returns with an error, all
 * free hugepages that were dissolved before that error are lost.
 */
int dissolve_free_huge_pages(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
{
        unsigned long pfn;
        struct page *page;
        int rc = 0;

        if (!hugepages_supported())
                return rc;

        for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += 1 << minimum_order) {
                page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
                rc = dissolve_free_huge_page(page);
                if (rc)
                        break;
        }

        return rc;
}

/*
 * Allocates a fresh surplus page from the page allocator.
 */
static struct page *alloc_surplus_huge_page(struct hstate *h, gfp_t gfp_mask,
                int nid, nodemask_t *nmask)
{
        struct page *page = NULL;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                return NULL;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        if (h->surplus_huge_pages >= h->nr_overcommit_huge_pages)
                goto out_unlock;
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        page = alloc_fresh_huge_page(h, gfp_mask, nid, nmask, NULL);
        if (!page)
                return NULL;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        /*
         * We could have raced with the pool size change.
         * Double check that and simply deallocate the new page
         * if we would end up overcommiting the surpluses. Abuse
         * temporary page to workaround the nasty free_huge_page
         * codeflow
         */
        if (h->surplus_huge_pages >= h->nr_overcommit_huge_pages) {
                SetPageHugeTemporary(page);
                spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
                put_page(page);
                return NULL;
        } else {
                h->surplus_huge_pages++;
                h->surplus_huge_pages_node[page_to_nid(page)]++;
        }

out_unlock:
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        return page;
}

static struct page *alloc_migrate_huge_page(struct hstate *h, gfp_t gfp_mask,
                                     int nid, nodemask_t *nmask)
{
        struct page *page;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                return NULL;

        page = alloc_fresh_huge_page(h, gfp_mask, nid, nmask, NULL);
        if (!page)
                return NULL;

        /*
         * We do not account these pages as surplus because they are only
         * temporary and will be released properly on the last reference
         */
        SetPageHugeTemporary(page);

        return page;
}

/*
 * Use the VMA's mpolicy to allocate a huge page from the buddy.
 */
static
struct page *alloc_buddy_huge_page_with_mpol(struct hstate *h,
                struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
        struct page *page;
        struct mempolicy *mpol;
        gfp_t gfp_mask = htlb_alloc_mask(h);
        int nid;
        nodemask_t *nodemask;

        nid = huge_node(vma, addr, gfp_mask, &mpol, &nodemask);
        page = alloc_surplus_huge_page(h, gfp_mask, nid, nodemask);
        mpol_cond_put(mpol);

        return page;
}

/* page migration callback function */
struct page *alloc_huge_page_nodemask(struct hstate *h, int preferred_nid,
                nodemask_t *nmask, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        if (h->free_huge_pages - h->resv_huge_pages > 0) {
                struct page *page;

                page = dequeue_huge_page_nodemask(h, gfp_mask, preferred_nid, nmask);
                if (page) {
                        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
                        return page;
                }
        }
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        return alloc_migrate_huge_page(h, gfp_mask, preferred_nid, nmask);
}

/* mempolicy aware migration callback */
struct page *alloc_huge_page_vma(struct hstate *h, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                unsigned long address)
{
        struct mempolicy *mpol;
        nodemask_t *nodemask;
        struct page *page;
        gfp_t gfp_mask;
        int node;

        gfp_mask = htlb_alloc_mask(h);
        node = huge_node(vma, address, gfp_mask, &mpol, &nodemask);
        page = alloc_huge_page_nodemask(h, node, nodemask, gfp_mask);
        mpol_cond_put(mpol);

        return page;
}

/*
 * Increase the hugetlb pool such that it can accommodate a reservation
 * of size 'delta'.
 */
static int gather_surplus_pages(struct hstate *h, int delta)
        __must_hold(&hugetlb_lock)
{
        struct list_head surplus_list;
        struct page *page, *tmp;
        int ret, i;
        int needed, allocated;
        bool alloc_ok = true;

        needed = (h->resv_huge_pages + delta) - h->free_huge_pages;
        if (needed <= 0) {
                h->resv_huge_pages += delta;
                return 0;
        }

        allocated = 0;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&surplus_list);

        ret = -ENOMEM;
retry:
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
        for (i = 0; i < needed; i++) {
                page = alloc_surplus_huge_page(h, htlb_alloc_mask(h),
                                NUMA_NO_NODE, NULL);
                if (!page) {
                        alloc_ok = false;
                        break;
                }
                list_add(&page->lru, &surplus_list);
                cond_resched();
        }
        allocated += i;

        /*
         * After retaking hugetlb_lock, we need to recalculate 'needed'
         * because either resv_huge_pages or free_huge_pages may have changed.
         */
        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        needed = (h->resv_huge_pages + delta) -
                        (h->free_huge_pages + allocated);
        if (needed > 0) {
                if (alloc_ok)
                        goto retry;
                /*
                 * We were not able to allocate enough pages to
                 * satisfy the entire reservation so we free what
                 * we've allocated so far.
                 */
                goto free;
        }
        /*
         * The surplus_list now contains _at_least_ the number of extra pages
         * needed to accommodate the reservation.  Add the appropriate number
         * of pages to the hugetlb pool and free the extras back to the buddy

         * allocator.  Commit the entire reservation here to prevent another
         * process from stealing the pages as they are added to the pool but
         * before they are reserved.
         */
        needed += allocated;
        h->resv_huge_pages += delta;
        ret = 0;

        /* Free the needed pages to the hugetlb pool */
        list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, &surplus_list, lru) {
                if ((--needed) < 0)
                        break;
                /*
                 * This page is now managed by the hugetlb allocator and has
                 * no users -- drop the buddy allocator's reference.
                 */
                put_page_testzero(page);
                VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_count(page), page);
                enqueue_huge_page(h, page);
        }
free:
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        /* Free unnecessary surplus pages to the buddy allocator */
        list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, &surplus_list, lru)
                put_page(page);
        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * This routine has two main purposes:
 * 1) Decrement the reservation count (resv_huge_pages) by the value passed
 *    in unused_resv_pages.  This corresponds to the prior adjustments made
 *    to the associated reservation map.
 * 2) Free any unused surplus pages that may have been allocated to satisfy
 *    the reservation.  As many as unused_resv_pages may be freed.
 *
 * Called with hugetlb_lock held.  However, the lock could be dropped (and
 * reacquired) during calls to cond_resched_lock.  Whenever dropping the lock,
 * we must make sure nobody else can claim pages we are in the process of
 * freeing.  Do this by ensuring resv_huge_page always is greater than the
 * number of huge pages we plan to free when dropping the lock.
 */
static void return_unused_surplus_pages(struct hstate *h,
                                        unsigned long unused_resv_pages)
{
        unsigned long nr_pages;

        /* Cannot return gigantic pages currently */
        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                goto out;

        /*
         * Part (or even all) of the reservation could have been backed
         * by pre-allocated pages. Only free surplus pages.
         */
        nr_pages = min(unused_resv_pages, h->surplus_huge_pages);

        /*
         * We want to release as many surplus pages as possible, spread
         * evenly across all nodes with memory. Iterate across these nodes
         * until we can no longer free unreserved surplus pages. This occurs
         * when the nodes with surplus pages have no free pages.
         * free_pool_huge_page() will balance the freed pages across the
         * on-line nodes with memory and will handle the hstate accounting.
         *
         * Note that we decrement resv_huge_pages as we free the pages.  If
         * we drop the lock, resv_huge_pages will still be sufficiently large
         * to cover subsequent pages we may free.
         */
        while (nr_pages--) {
                h->resv_huge_pages--;
                unused_resv_pages--;
                if (!free_pool_huge_page(h, &node_states[N_MEMORY], 1))
                        goto out;
                cond_resched_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        }

out:
        /* Fully uncommit the reservation */
        h->resv_huge_pages -= unused_resv_pages;
}


/*
 * vma_needs_reservation, vma_commit_reservation and vma_end_reservation
 * are used by the huge page allocation routines to manage reservations.
 *
 * vma_needs_reservation is called to determine if the huge page at addr
 * within the vma has an associated reservation.  If a reservation is
 * needed, the value 1 is returned.  The caller is then responsible for
 * managing the global reservation and subpool usage counts.  After
 * the huge page has been allocated, vma_commit_reservation is called
 * to add the page to the reservation map.  If the page allocation fails,
 * the reservation must be ended instead of committed.  vma_end_reservation
 * is called in such cases.
 *
 * In the normal case, vma_commit_reservation returns the same value
 * as the preceding vma_needs_reservation call.  The only time this
 * is not the case is if a reserve map was changed between calls.  It
 * is the responsibility of the caller to notice the difference and
 * take appropriate action.
 *
 * vma_add_reservation is used in error paths where a reservation must
 * be restored when a newly allocated huge page must be freed.  It is
 * to be called after calling vma_needs_reservation to determine if a
 * reservation exists.
 */
enum vma_resv_mode {
        VMA_NEEDS_RESV,
        VMA_COMMIT_RESV,
        VMA_END_RESV,
        VMA_ADD_RESV,
};
static long __vma_reservation_common(struct hstate *h,
                                struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                                enum vma_resv_mode mode)
{
        struct resv_map *resv;
        pgoff_t idx;
        long ret;
        long dummy_out_regions_needed;

        resv = vma_resv_map(vma);
        if (!resv)
                return 1;

        idx = vma_hugecache_offset(h, vma, addr);
        switch (mode) {
        case VMA_NEEDS_RESV:
                ret = region_chg(resv, idx, idx + 1, &dummy_out_regions_needed);
                /* We assume that vma_reservation_* routines always operate on
                 * 1 page, and that adding to resv map a 1 page entry can only
                 * ever require 1 region.
                 */
                VM_BUG_ON(dummy_out_regions_needed != 1);
                break;
        case VMA_COMMIT_RESV:
                ret = region_add(resv, idx, idx + 1, 1, NULL, NULL);
                /* region_add calls of range 1 should never fail. */
                VM_BUG_ON(ret < 0);
                break;
        case VMA_END_RESV:
                region_abort(resv, idx, idx + 1, 1);
                ret = 0;
                break;
        case VMA_ADD_RESV:
                if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE) {
                        ret = region_add(resv, idx, idx + 1, 1, NULL, NULL);
                        /* region_add calls of range 1 should never fail. */
                        VM_BUG_ON(ret < 0);
                } else {
                        region_abort(resv, idx, idx + 1, 1);
                        ret = region_del(resv, idx, idx + 1);
                }
                break;
        default:
                BUG();
        }

        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE)
                return ret;
        else if (is_vma_resv_set(vma, HPAGE_RESV_OWNER) && ret >= 0) {
                /*
                 * In most cases, reserves always exist for private mappings.
                 * However, a file associated with mapping could have been
                 * hole punched or truncated after reserves were consumed.
                 * As subsequent fault on such a range will not use reserves.
                 * Subtle - The reserve map for private mappings has the
                 * opposite meaning than that of shared mappings.  If NO
                 * entry is in the reserve map, it means a reservation exists.
                 * If an entry exists in the reserve map, it means the
                 * reservation has already been consumed.  As a result, the
                 * return value of this routine is the opposite of the
                 * value returned from reserve map manipulation routines above.
                 */
                if (ret)
                        return 0;
                else
                        return 1;
        }
        else
                return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
}

static long vma_needs_reservation(struct hstate *h,
                        struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
        return __vma_reservation_common(h, vma, addr, VMA_NEEDS_RESV);
}

static long vma_commit_reservation(struct hstate *h,
                        struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
        return __vma_reservation_common(h, vma, addr, VMA_COMMIT_RESV);
}

static void vma_end_reservation(struct hstate *h,
                        struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
        (void)__vma_reservation_common(h, vma, addr, VMA_END_RESV);
}

static long vma_add_reservation(struct hstate *h,
                        struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
        return __vma_reservation_common(h, vma, addr, VMA_ADD_RESV);
}

/*
 * This routine is called to restore a reservation on error paths.  In the
 * specific error paths, a huge page was allocated (via alloc_huge_page)
 * and is about to be freed.  If a reservation for the page existed,
 * alloc_huge_page would have consumed the reservation and set PagePrivate
 * in the newly allocated page.  When the page is freed via free_huge_page,
 * the global reservation count will be incremented if PagePrivate is set.
 * However, free_huge_page can not adjust the reserve map.  Adjust the
 * reserve map here to be consistent with global reserve count adjustments
 * to be made by free_huge_page.
 */
static void restore_reserve_on_error(struct hstate *h,
                        struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
                        struct page *page)
{
        if (unlikely(PagePrivate(page))) {
                long rc = vma_needs_reservation(h, vma, address);

                if (unlikely(rc < 0)) {
                        /*
                         * Rare out of memory condition in reserve map
                         * manipulation.  Clear PagePrivate so that
                         * global reserve count will not be incremented
                         * by free_huge_page.  This will make it appear
                         * as though the reservation for this page was
                         * consumed.  This may prevent the task from
                         * faulting in the page at a later time.  This
                         * is better than inconsistent global huge page
                         * accounting of reserve counts.
                         */
                        ClearPagePrivate(page);
                } else if (rc) {
                        rc = vma_add_reservation(h, vma, address);
                        if (unlikely(rc < 0))
                                /*
                                 * See above comment about rare out of
                                 * memory condition.
                                 */
                                ClearPagePrivate(page);
                } else
                        vma_end_reservation(h, vma, address);
        }
}

struct page *alloc_huge_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                    unsigned long addr, int avoid_reserve)
{
        struct hugepage_subpool *spool = subpool_vma(vma);
        struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
        struct page *page;
        long map_chg, map_commit;
        long gbl_chg;
        int ret, idx;
        struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg;
        bool deferred_reserve;

        idx = hstate_index(h);
        /*
         * Examine the region/reserve map to determine if the process
         * has a reservation for the page to be allocated.  A return
         * code of zero indicates a reservation exists (no change).
         */
        map_chg = gbl_chg = vma_needs_reservation(h, vma, addr);
        if (map_chg < 0)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        /*
         * Processes that did not create the mapping will have no
         * reserves as indicated by the region/reserve map. Check
         * that the allocation will not exceed the subpool limit.
         * Allocations for MAP_NORESERVE mappings also need to be
         * checked against any subpool limit.
         */
        if (map_chg || avoid_reserve) {
                gbl_chg = hugepage_subpool_get_pages(spool, 1);
                if (gbl_chg < 0) {
                        vma_end_reservation(h, vma, addr);
                        return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
                }

                /*
                 * Even though there was no reservation in the region/reserve
                 * map, there could be reservations associated with the
                 * subpool that can be used.  This would be indicated if the
                 * return value of hugepage_subpool_get_pages() is zero.
                 * However, if avoid_reserve is specified we still avoid even
                 * the subpool reservations.
                 */
                if (avoid_reserve)
                        gbl_chg = 1;
        }

        /* If this allocation is not consuming a reservation, charge it now.
         */
        deferred_reserve = map_chg || avoid_reserve || !vma_resv_map(vma);
        if (deferred_reserve) {
                ret = hugetlb_cgroup_charge_cgroup_rsvd(
                        idx, pages_per_huge_page(h), &h_cg);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_subpool_put;
        }

        ret = hugetlb_cgroup_charge_cgroup(idx, pages_per_huge_page(h), &h_cg);
        if (ret)
                goto out_uncharge_cgroup_reservation;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        /*
         * glb_chg is passed to indicate whether or not a page must be taken
         * from the global free pool (global change).  gbl_chg == 0 indicates
         * a reservation exists for the allocation.
         */
        page = dequeue_huge_page_vma(h, vma, addr, avoid_reserve, gbl_chg);
        if (!page) {
                spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
                page = alloc_buddy_huge_page_with_mpol(h, vma, addr);
                if (!page)
                        goto out_uncharge_cgroup;
                if (!avoid_reserve && vma_has_reserves(vma, gbl_chg)) {
                        SetPagePrivate(page);
                        h->resv_huge_pages--;
                }
                spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
                list_add(&page->lru, &h->hugepage_activelist);
                /* Fall through */
        }
        hugetlb_cgroup_commit_charge(idx, pages_per_huge_page(h), h_cg, page);
        /* If allocation is not consuming a reservation, also store the
         * hugetlb_cgroup pointer on the page.
         */
        if (deferred_reserve) {
                hugetlb_cgroup_commit_charge_rsvd(idx, pages_per_huge_page(h),
                                                  h_cg, page);
        }

        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        set_page_private(page, (unsigned long)spool);

        map_commit = vma_commit_reservation(h, vma, addr);
        if (unlikely(map_chg > map_commit)) {
                /*
                 * The page was added to the reservation map between
                 * vma_needs_reservation and vma_commit_reservation.
                 * This indicates a race with hugetlb_reserve_pages.
                 * Adjust for the subpool count incremented above AND
                 * in hugetlb_reserve_pages for the same page.  Also,
                 * the reservation count added in hugetlb_reserve_pages
                 * no longer applies.
                 */
                long rsv_adjust;

                rsv_adjust = hugepage_subpool_put_pages(spool, 1);
                hugetlb_acct_memory(h, -rsv_adjust);
                if (deferred_reserve)
                        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_page_rsvd(hstate_index(h),
                                        pages_per_huge_page(h), page);
        }
        return page;

out_uncharge_cgroup:
        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_cgroup(idx, pages_per_huge_page(h), h_cg);
out_uncharge_cgroup_reservation:
        if (deferred_reserve)
                hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_cgroup_rsvd(idx, pages_per_huge_page(h),
                                                    h_cg);
out_subpool_put:
        if (map_chg || avoid_reserve)
                hugepage_subpool_put_pages(spool, 1);
        vma_end_reservation(h, vma, addr);
        return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
}

int alloc_bootmem_huge_page(struct hstate *h)
        __attribute__ ((weak, alias("__alloc_bootmem_huge_page")));
int __alloc_bootmem_huge_page(struct hstate *h)
{
        struct huge_bootmem_page *m;
        int nr_nodes, node;

        for_each_node_mask_to_alloc(h, nr_nodes, node, &node_states[N_MEMORY]) {
                void *addr;

                addr = memblock_alloc_try_nid_raw(
                                huge_page_size(h), huge_page_size(h),
                                0, MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ACCESSIBLE, node);
                if (addr) {
                        /*
                         * Use the beginning of the huge page to store the
                         * huge_bootmem_page struct (until gather_bootmem
                         * puts them into the mem_map).
                         */
                        m = addr;
                        goto found;
                }
        }
        return 0;

found:
        BUG_ON(!IS_ALIGNED(virt_to_phys(m), huge_page_size(h)));
        /* Put them into a private list first because mem_map is not up yet */
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&m->list);
        list_add(&m->list, &huge_boot_pages);
        m->hstate = h;
        return 1;
}

static void __init prep_compound_huge_page(struct page *page,
                unsigned int order)
{
        if (unlikely(order > (MAX_ORDER - 1)))
                prep_compound_gigantic_page(page, order);
        else
                prep_compound_page(page, order);
}

/* Put bootmem huge pages into the standard lists after mem_map is up */
static void __init gather_bootmem_prealloc(void)
{
        struct huge_bootmem_page *m;

        list_for_each_entry(m, &huge_boot_pages, list) {
                struct page *page = virt_to_page(m);
                struct hstate *h = m->hstate;

                WARN_ON(page_count(page) != 1);
                prep_compound_huge_page(page, h->order);
                WARN_ON(PageReserved(page));
                prep_new_huge_page(h, page, page_to_nid(page));
                put_page(page); /* free it into the hugepage allocator */

                /*
                 * If we had gigantic hugepages allocated at boot time, we need
                 * to restore the 'stolen' pages to totalram_pages in order to
                 * fix confusing memory reports from free(1) and another
                 * side-effects, like CommitLimit going negative.
                 */
                if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                        adjust_managed_page_count(page, 1 << h->order);
                cond_resched();
        }
}

static void __init hugetlb_hstate_alloc_pages(struct hstate *h)
{
        unsigned long i;
        nodemask_t *node_alloc_noretry;

        if (!hstate_is_gigantic(h)) {
                /*
                 * Bit mask controlling how hard we retry per-node allocations.
                 * Ignore errors as lower level routines can deal with
                 * node_alloc_noretry == NULL.  If this kmalloc fails at boot
                 * time, we are likely in bigger trouble.
                 */
                node_alloc_noretry = kmalloc(sizeof(*node_alloc_noretry),
                                                GFP_KERNEL);
        } else {
                /* allocations done at boot time */
                node_alloc_noretry = NULL;
        }

        /* bit mask controlling how hard we retry per-node allocations */
        if (node_alloc_noretry)
                nodes_clear(*node_alloc_noretry);

        for (i = 0; i < h->max_huge_pages; ++i) {
                if (hstate_is_gigantic(h)) {
                        if (hugetlb_cma_size) {
                                pr_warn_once("HugeTLB: hugetlb_cma is enabled, skip boot time allocation\n");
                                break;
                        }
                        if (!alloc_bootmem_huge_page(h))
                                break;
                } else if (!alloc_pool_huge_page(h,
                                         &node_states[N_MEMORY],
                                         node_alloc_noretry))
                        break;
                cond_resched();
        }
        if (i < h->max_huge_pages) {
                char buf[32];

                string_get_size(huge_page_size(h), 1, STRING_UNITS_2, buf, 32);
                pr_warn("HugeTLB: allocating %lu of page size %s failed.  Only allocated %lu hugepages.\n",
                        h->max_huge_pages, buf, i);
                h->max_huge_pages = i;
        }

        kfree(node_alloc_noretry);
}

static void __init hugetlb_init_hstates(void)
{
        struct hstate *h;

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                if (minimum_order > huge_page_order(h))
                        minimum_order = huge_page_order(h);

                /* oversize hugepages were init'ed in early boot */
                if (!hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                        hugetlb_hstate_alloc_pages(h);
        }
        VM_BUG_ON(minimum_order == UINT_MAX);
}

static void __init report_hugepages(void)
{
        struct hstate *h;

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                char buf[32];

                string_get_size(huge_page_size(h), 1, STRING_UNITS_2, buf, 32);
                pr_info("HugeTLB registered %s page size, pre-allocated %ld pages\n",
                        buf, h->free_huge_pages);
        }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
static void try_to_free_low(struct hstate *h, unsigned long count,
                                                nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
        int i;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                return;

        for_each_node_mask(i, *nodes_allowed) {
                struct page *page, *next;
                struct list_head *freel = &h->hugepage_freelists[i];
                list_for_each_entry_safe(page, next, freel, lru) {
                        if (count >= h->nr_huge_pages)
                                return;
                        if (PageHighMem(page))
                                continue;
                        list_del(&page->lru);
                        update_and_free_page(h, page);
                        h->free_huge_pages--;
                        h->free_huge_pages_node[page_to_nid(page)]--;
                }
        }
}
#else
static inline void try_to_free_low(struct hstate *h, unsigned long count,
                                                nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
}
#endif

/*
 * Increment or decrement surplus_huge_pages.  Keep node-specific counters
 * balanced by operating on them in a round-robin fashion.
 * Returns 1 if an adjustment was made.
 */
static int adjust_pool_surplus(struct hstate *h, nodemask_t *nodes_allowed,
                                int delta)
{
        int nr_nodes, node;

        VM_BUG_ON(delta != -1 && delta != 1);

        if (delta < 0) {
                for_each_node_mask_to_alloc(h, nr_nodes, node, nodes_allowed) {
                        if (h->surplus_huge_pages_node[node])
                                goto found;
                }
        } else {
                for_each_node_mask_to_free(h, nr_nodes, node, nodes_allowed) {
                        if (h->surplus_huge_pages_node[node] <
                                        h->nr_huge_pages_node[node])
                                goto found;
                }
        }
        return 0;

found:
        h->surplus_huge_pages += delta;
        h->surplus_huge_pages_node[node] += delta;
        return 1;
}

#define persistent_huge_pages(h) (h->nr_huge_pages - h->surplus_huge_pages)
static int set_max_huge_pages(struct hstate *h, unsigned long count, int nid,
                              nodemask_t *nodes_allowed)
{
        unsigned long min_count, ret;
        NODEMASK_ALLOC(nodemask_t, node_alloc_noretry, GFP_KERNEL);

        /*
         * Bit mask controlling how hard we retry per-node allocations.
         * If we can not allocate the bit mask, do not attempt to allocate
         * the requested huge pages.
         */
        if (node_alloc_noretry)
                nodes_clear(*node_alloc_noretry);
        else
                return -ENOMEM;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);

        /*
         * Check for a node specific request.
         * Changing node specific huge page count may require a corresponding
         * change to the global count.  In any case, the passed node mask
         * (nodes_allowed) will restrict alloc/free to the specified node.
         */
        if (nid != NUMA_NO_NODE) {
                unsigned long old_count = count;

                count += h->nr_huge_pages - h->nr_huge_pages_node[nid];
                /*
                 * User may have specified a large count value which caused the
                 * above calculation to overflow.  In this case, they wanted
                 * to allocate as many huge pages as possible.  Set count to
                 * largest possible value to align with their intention.
                 */
                if (count < old_count)
                        count = ULONG_MAX;
        }

        /*
         * Gigantic pages runtime allocation depend on the capability for large
         * page range allocation.
         * If the system does not provide this feature, return an error when
         * the user tries to allocate gigantic pages but let the user free the
         * boottime allocated gigantic pages.
         */
        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CONTIG_ALLOC)) {
                if (count > persistent_huge_pages(h)) {
                        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
                        NODEMASK_FREE(node_alloc_noretry);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
                /* Fall through to decrease pool */
        }

        /*
         * Increase the pool size
         * First take pages out of surplus state.  Then make up the
         * remaining difference by allocating fresh huge pages.
         *
         * We might race with alloc_surplus_huge_page() here and be unable
         * to convert a surplus huge page to a normal huge page. That is
         * not critical, though, it just means the overall size of the
         * pool might be one hugepage larger than it needs to be, but
         * within all the constraints specified by the sysctls.
         */
        while (h->surplus_huge_pages && count > persistent_huge_pages(h)) {
                if (!adjust_pool_surplus(h, nodes_allowed, -1))
                        break;
        }

        while (count > persistent_huge_pages(h)) {
                /*
                 * If this allocation races such that we no longer need the
                 * page, free_huge_page will handle it by freeing the page
                 * and reducing the surplus.
                 */
                spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

                /* yield cpu to avoid soft lockup */
                cond_resched();

                ret = alloc_pool_huge_page(h, nodes_allowed,
                                                node_alloc_noretry);
                spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
                if (!ret)
                        goto out;

                /* Bail for signals. Probably ctrl-c from user */
                if (signal_pending(current))
                        goto out;
        }

        /*
         * Decrease the pool size
         * First return free pages to the buddy allocator (being careful
         * to keep enough around to satisfy reservations).  Then place
         * pages into surplus state as needed so the pool will shrink
         * to the desired size as pages become free.
         *
         * By placing pages into the surplus state independent of the
         * overcommit value, we are allowing the surplus pool size to
         * exceed overcommit. There are few sane options here. Since
         * alloc_surplus_huge_page() is checking the global counter,
         * though, we'll note that we're not allowed to exceed surplus
         * and won't grow the pool anywhere else. Not until one of the
         * sysctls are changed, or the surplus pages go out of use.
         */
        min_count = h->resv_huge_pages + h->nr_huge_pages - h->free_huge_pages;
        min_count = max(count, min_count);
        try_to_free_low(h, min_count, nodes_allowed);
        while (min_count < persistent_huge_pages(h)) {
                if (!free_pool_huge_page(h, nodes_allowed, 0))
                        break;
                cond_resched_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        }
        while (count < persistent_huge_pages(h)) {
                if (!adjust_pool_surplus(h, nodes_allowed, 1))
                        break;
        }
out:
        h->max_huge_pages = persistent_huge_pages(h);
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        NODEMASK_FREE(node_alloc_noretry);

        return 0;
}

#define HSTATE_ATTR_RO(_name) \
        static struct kobj_attribute _name##_attr = __ATTR_RO(_name)

#define HSTATE_ATTR(_name) \
        static struct kobj_attribute _name##_attr = \
                __ATTR(_name, 0644, _name##_show, _name##_store)

static struct kobject *hugepages_kobj;
static struct kobject *hstate_kobjs[HUGE_MAX_HSTATE];

static struct hstate *kobj_to_node_hstate(struct kobject *kobj, int *nidp);

static struct hstate *kobj_to_hstate(struct kobject *kobj, int *nidp)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < HUGE_MAX_HSTATE; i++)
                if (hstate_kobjs[i] == kobj) {
                        if (nidp)
                                *nidp = NUMA_NO_NODE;
                        return &hstates[i];
                }

        return kobj_to_node_hstate(kobj, nidp);
}

static ssize_t nr_hugepages_show_common(struct kobject *kobj,
                                        struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long nr_huge_pages;
        int nid;

        h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, &nid);
        if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
                nr_huge_pages = h->nr_huge_pages;
        else
                nr_huge_pages = h->nr_huge_pages_node[nid];

        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", nr_huge_pages);
}

static ssize_t __nr_hugepages_store_common(bool obey_mempolicy,
                                           struct hstate *h, int nid,
                                           unsigned long count, size_t len)
{
        int err;
        nodemask_t nodes_allowed, *n_mask;

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h) && !gigantic_page_runtime_supported())
                return -EINVAL;

        if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE) {
                /*
                 * global hstate attribute
                 */
                if (!(obey_mempolicy &&
                                init_nodemask_of_mempolicy(&nodes_allowed)))
                        n_mask = &node_states[N_MEMORY];
                else
                        n_mask = &nodes_allowed;
        } else {
                /*
                 * Node specific request.  count adjustment happens in
                 * set_max_huge_pages() after acquiring hugetlb_lock.
                 */
                init_nodemask_of_node(&nodes_allowed, nid);
                n_mask = &nodes_allowed;
        }

        err = set_max_huge_pages(h, count, nid, n_mask);

        return err ? err : len;
}

static ssize_t nr_hugepages_store_common(bool obey_mempolicy,
                                         struct kobject *kobj, const char *buf,
                                         size_t len)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long count;
        int nid;
        int err;

        err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &count);
        if (err)
                return err;

        h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, &nid);
        return __nr_hugepages_store_common(obey_mempolicy, h, nid, count, len);
}

static ssize_t nr_hugepages_show(struct kobject *kobj,
                                       struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        return nr_hugepages_show_common(kobj, attr, buf);
}

static ssize_t nr_hugepages_store(struct kobject *kobj,
               struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        return nr_hugepages_store_common(false, kobj, buf, len);
}
HSTATE_ATTR(nr_hugepages);

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA

/*
 * hstate attribute for optionally mempolicy-based constraint on persistent
 * huge page alloc/free.
 */
static ssize_t nr_hugepages_mempolicy_show(struct kobject *kobj,
                                       struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        return nr_hugepages_show_common(kobj, attr, buf);
}

static ssize_t nr_hugepages_mempolicy_store(struct kobject *kobj,
               struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        return nr_hugepages_store_common(true, kobj, buf, len);
}
HSTATE_ATTR(nr_hugepages_mempolicy);
#endif


static ssize_t nr_overcommit_hugepages_show(struct kobject *kobj,
                                        struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct hstate *h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, NULL);
        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", h->nr_overcommit_huge_pages);
}

static ssize_t nr_overcommit_hugepages_store(struct kobject *kobj,
                struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
{
        int err;
        unsigned long input;
        struct hstate *h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, NULL);

        if (hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                return -EINVAL;

        err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &input);
        if (err)
                return err;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        h->nr_overcommit_huge_pages = input;
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);

        return count;
}
HSTATE_ATTR(nr_overcommit_hugepages);

static ssize_t free_hugepages_show(struct kobject *kobj,
                                        struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long free_huge_pages;
        int nid;

        h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, &nid);
        if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
                free_huge_pages = h->free_huge_pages;
        else
                free_huge_pages = h->free_huge_pages_node[nid];

        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", free_huge_pages);
}
HSTATE_ATTR_RO(free_hugepages);

static ssize_t resv_hugepages_show(struct kobject *kobj,
                                        struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct hstate *h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, NULL);
        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", h->resv_huge_pages);
}
HSTATE_ATTR_RO(resv_hugepages);

static ssize_t surplus_hugepages_show(struct kobject *kobj,
                                        struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long surplus_huge_pages;
        int nid;

        h = kobj_to_hstate(kobj, &nid);
        if (nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
                surplus_huge_pages = h->surplus_huge_pages;
        else
                surplus_huge_pages = h->surplus_huge_pages_node[nid];

        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", surplus_huge_pages);
}
HSTATE_ATTR_RO(surplus_hugepages);

static struct attribute *hstate_attrs[] = {
        &nr_hugepages_attr.attr,
        &nr_overcommit_hugepages_attr.attr,
        &free_hugepages_attr.attr,
        &resv_hugepages_attr.attr,
        &surplus_hugepages_attr.attr,
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
        &nr_hugepages_mempolicy_attr.attr,
#endif
        NULL,
};

static const struct attribute_group hstate_attr_group = {
        .attrs = hstate_attrs,
};

static int hugetlb_sysfs_add_hstate(struct hstate *h, struct kobject *parent,
                                    struct kobject **hstate_kobjs,
                                    const struct attribute_group *hstate_attr_group)
{
        int retval;
        int hi = hstate_index(h);

        hstate_kobjs[hi] = kobject_create_and_add(h->name, parent);
        if (!hstate_kobjs[hi])
                return -ENOMEM;

        retval = sysfs_create_group(hstate_kobjs[hi], hstate_attr_group);
        if (retval)
                kobject_put(hstate_kobjs[hi]);

        return retval;
}

static void __init hugetlb_sysfs_init(void)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        int err;

        hugepages_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("hugepages", mm_kobj);
        if (!hugepages_kobj)
                return;

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                err = hugetlb_sysfs_add_hstate(h, hugepages_kobj,
                                         hstate_kobjs, &hstate_attr_group);
                if (err)
                        pr_err("HugeTLB: Unable to add hstate %s", h->name);
        }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA

/*
 * node_hstate/s - associate per node hstate attributes, via their kobjects,
 * with node devices in node_devices[] using a parallel array.  The array
 * index of a node device or _hstate == node id.
 * This is here to avoid any static dependency of the node device driver, in
 * the base kernel, on the hugetlb module.
 */
struct node_hstate {
        struct kobject          *hugepages_kobj;
        struct kobject          *hstate_kobjs[HUGE_MAX_HSTATE];
};
static struct node_hstate node_hstates[MAX_NUMNODES];

/*
 * A subset of global hstate attributes for node devices
 */
static struct attribute *per_node_hstate_attrs[] = {
        &nr_hugepages_attr.attr,
        &free_hugepages_attr.attr,
        &surplus_hugepages_attr.attr,
        NULL,
};

static const struct attribute_group per_node_hstate_attr_group = {
        .attrs = per_node_hstate_attrs,
};

/*
 * kobj_to_node_hstate - lookup global hstate for node device hstate attr kobj.
 * Returns node id via non-NULL nidp.
 */
static struct hstate *kobj_to_node_hstate(struct kobject *kobj, int *nidp)
{
        int nid;

        for (nid = 0; nid < nr_node_ids; nid++) {
                struct node_hstate *nhs = &node_hstates[nid];
                int i;
                for (i = 0; i < HUGE_MAX_HSTATE; i++)
                        if (nhs->hstate_kobjs[i] == kobj) {
                                if (nidp)
                                        *nidp = nid;
                                return &hstates[i];
                        }
        }

        BUG();
        return NULL;
}

/*
 * Unregister hstate attributes from a single node device.
 * No-op if no hstate attributes attached.
 */
static void hugetlb_unregister_node(struct node *node)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        struct node_hstate *nhs = &node_hstates[node->dev.id];

        if (!nhs->hugepages_kobj)
                return;         /* no hstate attributes */

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                int idx = hstate_index(h);
                if (nhs->hstate_kobjs[idx]) {
                        kobject_put(nhs->hstate_kobjs[idx]);
                        nhs->hstate_kobjs[idx] = NULL;
                }
        }

        kobject_put(nhs->hugepages_kobj);
        nhs->hugepages_kobj = NULL;
}


/*
 * Register hstate attributes for a single node device.
 * No-op if attributes already registered.
 */
static void hugetlb_register_node(struct node *node)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        struct node_hstate *nhs = &node_hstates[node->dev.id];
        int err;

        if (nhs->hugepages_kobj)
                return;         /* already allocated */

        nhs->hugepages_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("hugepages",
                                                        &node->dev.kobj);
        if (!nhs->hugepages_kobj)
                return;

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                err = hugetlb_sysfs_add_hstate(h, nhs->hugepages_kobj,
                                                nhs->hstate_kobjs,
                                                &per_node_hstate_attr_group);
                if (err) {
                        pr_err("HugeTLB: Unable to add hstate %s for node %d\n",
                                h->name, node->dev.id);
                        hugetlb_unregister_node(node);
                        break;
                }
        }
}

/*
 * hugetlb init time:  register hstate attributes for all registered node
 * devices of nodes that have memory.  All on-line nodes should have
 * registered their associated device by this time.
 */
static void __init hugetlb_register_all_nodes(void)
{
        int nid;

        for_each_node_state(nid, N_MEMORY) {
                struct node *node = node_devices[nid];
                if (node->dev.id == nid)
                        hugetlb_register_node(node);
        }

        /*
         * Let the node device driver know we're here so it can
         * [un]register hstate attributes on node hotplug.
         */
        register_hugetlbfs_with_node(hugetlb_register_node,
                                     hugetlb_unregister_node);
}
#else   /* !CONFIG_NUMA */

static struct hstate *kobj_to_node_hstate(struct kobject *kobj, int *nidp)
{
        BUG();
        if (nidp)
                *nidp = -1;
        return NULL;
}

static void hugetlb_register_all_nodes(void) { }

#endif

static int __init hugetlb_init(void)
{
        int i;

        if (!hugepages_supported()) {
                if (hugetlb_max_hstate || default_hstate_max_huge_pages)
                        pr_warn("HugeTLB: huge pages not supported, ignoring associated command-line parameters\n");
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * Make sure HPAGE_SIZE (HUGETLB_PAGE_ORDER) hstate exists.  Some
         * architectures depend on setup being done here.
         */
        hugetlb_add_hstate(HUGETLB_PAGE_ORDER);
        if (!parsed_default_hugepagesz) {
                /*
                 * If we did not parse a default huge page size, set
                 * default_hstate_idx to HPAGE_SIZE hstate. And, if the
                 * number of huge pages for this default size was implicitly
                 * specified, set that here as well.
                 * Note that the implicit setting will overwrite an explicit
                 * setting.  A warning will be printed in this case.
                 */
                default_hstate_idx = hstate_index(size_to_hstate(HPAGE_SIZE));
                if (default_hstate_max_huge_pages) {
                        if (default_hstate.max_huge_pages) {
                                char buf[32];

                                string_get_size(huge_page_size(&default_hstate),
                                        1, STRING_UNITS_2, buf, 32);
                                pr_warn("HugeTLB: Ignoring hugepages=%lu associated with %s page size\n",
                                        default_hstate.max_huge_pages, buf);
                                pr_warn("HugeTLB: Using hugepages=%lu for number of default huge pages\n",
                                        default_hstate_max_huge_pages);
                        }
                        default_hstate.max_huge_pages =
                                default_hstate_max_huge_pages;
                }
        }

        hugetlb_cma_check();
        hugetlb_init_hstates();
        gather_bootmem_prealloc();
        report_hugepages();

        hugetlb_sysfs_init();
        hugetlb_register_all_nodes();
        hugetlb_cgroup_file_init();

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
        num_fault_mutexes = roundup_pow_of_two(8 * num_possible_cpus());
#else
        num_fault_mutexes = 1;
#endif
        hugetlb_fault_mutex_table =
                kmalloc_array(num_fault_mutexes, sizeof(struct mutex),
                              GFP_KERNEL);
        BUG_ON(!hugetlb_fault_mutex_table);

        for (i = 0; i < num_fault_mutexes; i++)
                mutex_init(&hugetlb_fault_mutex_table[i]);
        return 0;
}
subsys_initcall(hugetlb_init);

/* Overwritten by architectures with more huge page sizes */
bool __init __attribute((weak)) arch_hugetlb_valid_size(unsigned long size)
{
        return size == HPAGE_SIZE;
}

void __init hugetlb_add_hstate(unsigned int order)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long i;

        if (size_to_hstate(PAGE_SIZE << order)) {
                return;
        }
        BUG_ON(hugetlb_max_hstate >= HUGE_MAX_HSTATE);
        BUG_ON(order == 0);
        h = &hstates[hugetlb_max_hstate++];
        h->order = order;
        h->mask = ~((1ULL << (order + PAGE_SHIFT)) - 1);
        h->nr_huge_pages = 0;
        h->free_huge_pages = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; ++i)
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(&h->hugepage_freelists[i]);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&h->hugepage_activelist);
        h->next_nid_to_alloc = first_memory_node;
        h->next_nid_to_free = first_memory_node;
        snprintf(h->name, HSTATE_NAME_LEN, "hugepages-%lukB",
                                        huge_page_size(h)/1024);

        parsed_hstate = h;
}

/*
 * hugepages command line processing
 * hugepages normally follows a valid hugepagsz or default_hugepagsz
 * specification.  If not, ignore the hugepages value.  hugepages can also
 * be the first huge page command line  option in which case it implicitly
 * specifies the number of huge pages for the default size.
 */
static int __init hugepages_setup(char *s)
{
        unsigned long *mhp;
        static unsigned long *last_mhp;

        if (!parsed_valid_hugepagesz) {
                pr_warn("HugeTLB: hugepages=%s does not follow a valid hugepagesz, ignoring\n", s);
                parsed_valid_hugepagesz = true;
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * !hugetlb_max_hstate means we haven't parsed a hugepagesz= parameter
         * yet, so this hugepages= parameter goes to the "default hstate".
         * Otherwise, it goes with the previously parsed hugepagesz or
         * default_hugepagesz.
         */
        else if (!hugetlb_max_hstate)
                mhp = &default_hstate_max_huge_pages;
        else
                mhp = &parsed_hstate->max_huge_pages;

        if (mhp == last_mhp) {
                pr_warn("HugeTLB: hugepages= specified twice without interleaving hugepagesz=, ignoring hugepages=%s\n", s);
                return 0;
        }

        if (sscanf(s, "%lu", mhp) <= 0)
                *mhp = 0;

        /*
         * Global state is always initialized later in hugetlb_init.
         * But we need to allocate >= MAX_ORDER hstates here early to still
         * use the bootmem allocator.
         */
        if (hugetlb_max_hstate && parsed_hstate->order >= MAX_ORDER)
                hugetlb_hstate_alloc_pages(parsed_hstate);

        last_mhp = mhp;

        return 1;
}
__setup("hugepages=", hugepages_setup);

/*
 * hugepagesz command line processing
 * A specific huge page size can only be specified once with hugepagesz.
 * hugepagesz is followed by hugepages on the command line.  The global
 * variable 'parsed_valid_hugepagesz' is used to determine if prior
 * hugepagesz argument was valid.
 */
static int __init hugepagesz_setup(char *s)
{
        unsigned long size;
        struct hstate *h;

        parsed_valid_hugepagesz = false;
        size = (unsigned long)memparse(s, NULL);

        if (!arch_hugetlb_valid_size(size)) {
                pr_err("HugeTLB: unsupported hugepagesz=%s\n", s);
                return 0;
        }

        h = size_to_hstate(size);
        if (h) {
                /*
                 * hstate for this size already exists.  This is normally
                 * an error, but is allowed if the existing hstate is the
                 * default hstate.  More specifically, it is only allowed if
                 * the number of huge pages for the default hstate was not
                 * previously specified.
                 */
                if (!parsed_default_hugepagesz ||  h != &default_hstate ||
                    default_hstate.max_huge_pages) {
                        pr_warn("HugeTLB: hugepagesz=%s specified twice, ignoring\n", s);
                        return 0;
                }

                /*
                 * No need to call hugetlb_add_hstate() as hstate already
                 * exists.  But, do set parsed_hstate so that a following
                 * hugepages= parameter will be applied to this hstate.
                 */
                parsed_hstate = h;
                parsed_valid_hugepagesz = true;
                return 1;
        }

        hugetlb_add_hstate(ilog2(size) - PAGE_SHIFT);
        parsed_valid_hugepagesz = true;
        return 1;
}
__setup("hugepagesz=", hugepagesz_setup);

/*
 * default_hugepagesz command line input
 * Only one instance of default_hugepagesz allowed on command line.
 */
static int __init default_hugepagesz_setup(char *s)
{
        unsigned long size;

        parsed_valid_hugepagesz = false;
        if (parsed_default_hugepagesz) {
                pr_err("HugeTLB: default_hugepagesz previously specified, ignoring %s\n", s);
                return 0;
        }

        size = (unsigned long)memparse(s, NULL);

        if (!arch_hugetlb_valid_size(size)) {
                pr_err("HugeTLB: unsupported default_hugepagesz=%s\n", s);
                return 0;
        }

        hugetlb_add_hstate(ilog2(size) - PAGE_SHIFT);
        parsed_valid_hugepagesz = true;
        parsed_default_hugepagesz = true;
        default_hstate_idx = hstate_index(size_to_hstate(size));

        /*
         * The number of default huge pages (for this size) could have been
         * specified as the first hugetlb parameter: hugepages=X.  If so,
         * then default_hstate_max_huge_pages is set.  If the default huge
         * page size is gigantic (>= MAX_ORDER), then the pages must be
         * allocated here from bootmem allocator.
         */
        if (default_hstate_max_huge_pages) {
                default_hstate.max_huge_pages = default_hstate_max_huge_pages;
                if (hstate_is_gigantic(&default_hstate))
                        hugetlb_hstate_alloc_pages(&default_hstate);
                default_hstate_max_huge_pages = 0;
        }

        return 1;
}
__setup("default_hugepagesz=", default_hugepagesz_setup);

static unsigned int allowed_mems_nr(struct hstate *h)
{
        int node;
        unsigned int nr = 0;
        nodemask_t *mpol_allowed;
        unsigned int *array = h->free_huge_pages_node;
        gfp_t gfp_mask = htlb_alloc_mask(h);

        mpol_allowed = policy_nodemask_current(gfp_mask);

        for_each_node_mask(node, cpuset_current_mems_allowed) {
                if (!mpol_allowed ||
                    (mpol_allowed && node_isset(node, *mpol_allowed)))
                        nr += array[node];
        }

        return nr;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
static int proc_hugetlb_doulongvec_minmax(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
                                          void *buffer, size_t *length,
                                          loff_t *ppos, unsigned long *out)
{
        struct ctl_table dup_table;

        /*
         * In order to avoid races with __do_proc_doulongvec_minmax(), we
         * can duplicate the @table and alter the duplicate of it.
         */
        dup_table = *table;
        dup_table.data = out;

        return proc_doulongvec_minmax(&dup_table, write, buffer, length, ppos);
}

static int hugetlb_sysctl_handler_common(bool obey_mempolicy,
                         struct ctl_table *table, int write,
                         void *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct hstate *h = &default_hstate;
        unsigned long tmp = h->max_huge_pages;
        int ret;

        if (!hugepages_supported())
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        ret = proc_hugetlb_doulongvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, length, ppos,
                                             &tmp);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        if (write)
                ret = __nr_hugepages_store_common(obey_mempolicy, h,
                                                  NUMA_NO_NODE, tmp, *length);
out:
        return ret;
}

int hugetlb_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
                          void *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
{

        return hugetlb_sysctl_handler_common(false, table, write,
                                                        buffer, length, ppos);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
int hugetlb_mempolicy_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
                          void *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
{
        return hugetlb_sysctl_handler_common(true, table, write,
                                                        buffer, length, ppos);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */

int hugetlb_overcommit_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
                void *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct hstate *h = &default_hstate;
        unsigned long tmp;
        int ret;

        if (!hugepages_supported())
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        tmp = h->nr_overcommit_huge_pages;

        if (write && hstate_is_gigantic(h))
                return -EINVAL;

        ret = proc_hugetlb_doulongvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, length, ppos,
                                             &tmp);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        if (write) {
                spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
                h->nr_overcommit_huge_pages = tmp;
                spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
        }
out:
        return ret;
}

#endif /* CONFIG_SYSCTL */

void hugetlb_report_meminfo(struct seq_file *m)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long total = 0;

        if (!hugepages_supported())
                return;

        for_each_hstate(h) {
                unsigned long count = h->nr_huge_pages;

                total += (PAGE_SIZE << huge_page_order(h)) * count;

                if (h == &default_hstate)
                        seq_printf(m,
                                   "HugePages_Total:   %5lu\n"
                                   "HugePages_Free:    %5lu\n"
                                   "HugePages_Rsvd:    %5lu\n"
                                   "HugePages_Surp:    %5lu\n"
                                   "Hugepagesize:   %8lu kB\n",
                                   count,
                                   h->free_huge_pages,
                                   h->resv_huge_pages,
                                   h->surplus_huge_pages,
                                   (PAGE_SIZE << huge_page_order(h)) / 1024);
        }

        seq_printf(m, "Hugetlb:        %8lu kB\n", total / 1024);
}

int hugetlb_report_node_meminfo(char *buf, int len, int nid)
{
        struct hstate *h = &default_hstate;

        if (!hugepages_supported())
                return 0;

        return sysfs_emit_at(buf, len,
                             "Node %d HugePages_Total: %5u\n"
                             "Node %d HugePages_Free:  %5u\n"
                             "Node %d HugePages_Surp:  %5u\n",
                             nid, h->nr_huge_pages_node[nid],
                             nid, h->free_huge_pages_node[nid],
                             nid, h->surplus_huge_pages_node[nid]);
}

void hugetlb_show_meminfo(void)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        int nid;

        if (!hugepages_supported())
                return;

        for_each_node_state(nid, N_MEMORY)
                for_each_hstate(h)
                        pr_info("Node %d hugepages_total=%u hugepages_free=%u hugepages_surp=%u hugepages_size=%lukB\n",
                                nid,
                                h->nr_huge_pages_node[nid],
                                h->free_huge_pages_node[nid],
                                h->surplus_huge_pages_node[nid],
                                1UL << (huge_page_order(h) + PAGE_SHIFT - 10));
}

void hugetlb_report_usage(struct seq_file *m, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        seq_printf(m, "HugetlbPages:\t%8lu kB\n",
                   atomic_long_read(&mm->hugetlb_usage) << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10));
}

/* Return the number pages of memory we physically have, in PAGE_SIZE units. */
unsigned long hugetlb_total_pages(void)
{
        struct hstate *h;
        unsigned long nr_total_pages = 0;

        for_each_hstate(h)
                nr_total_pages += h->nr_huge_pages * pages_per_huge_page(h);
        return nr_total_pages;
}

static int hugetlb_acct_memory(struct hstate *h, long delta)
{
        int ret = -ENOMEM;

        spin_lock(&hugetlb_lock);
        /*
         * When cpuset is configured, it breaks the strict hugetlb page
         * reservation as the accounting is done on a global variable. Such
         * reservation is completely rubbish in the presence of cpuset because
         * the reservation is not checked against page availability for the
         * current cpuset. Application can still potentially OOM'ed by kernel
         * with lack of free htlb page in cpuset that the task is in.
         * Attempt to enforce strict accounting with cpuset is almost
         * impossible (or too ugly) because cpuset is too fluid that
         * task or memory node can be dynamically moved between cpusets.
         *
         * The change of semantics for shared hugetlb mapping with cpuset is
         * undesirable. However, in order to preserve some of the semantics,
         * we fall back to check against current free page availability as
         * a best attempt and hopefully to minimize the impact of changing
         * semantics that cpuset has.
         *
         * Apart from cpuset, we also have memory policy mechanism that
         * also determines from which node the kernel will allocate memory
         * in a NUMA system. So similar to cpuset, we also should consider
         * the memory policy of the current task. Similar to the description
         * above.
         */
        if (delta > 0) {
                if (gather_surplus_pages(h, delta) < 0)
                        goto out;

                if (delta > allowed_mems_nr(h)) {
                        return_unused_surplus_pages(h, delta);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        ret = 0;
        if (delta < 0)
                return_unused_surplus_pages(h, (unsigned long) -delta);

out:
        spin_unlock(&hugetlb_lock);
        return ret;
}

static void hugetlb_vm_op_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        struct resv_map *resv = vma_resv_map(vma);

        /*
         * This new VMA should share its siblings reservation map if present.
         * The VMA will only ever have a valid reservation map pointer where
         * it is being copied for another still existing VMA.  As that VMA
         * has a reference to the reservation map it cannot disappear until
         * after this open call completes.  It is therefore safe to take a
         * new reference here without additional locking.
         */
        if (resv && is_vma_resv_set(vma, HPAGE_RESV_OWNER))
                kref_get(&resv->refs);
}

static void hugetlb_vm_op_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
        struct resv_map *resv = vma_resv_map(vma);
        struct hugepage_subpool *spool = subpool_vma(vma);
        unsigned long reserve, start, end;
        long gbl_reserve;

        if (!resv || !is_vma_resv_set(vma, HPAGE_RESV_OWNER))
                return;

        start = vma_hugecache_offset(h, vma, vma->vm_start);
        end = vma_hugecache_offset(h, vma, vma->vm_end);

        reserve = (end - start) - region_count(resv, start, end);
        hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_counter(resv, start, end);
        if (reserve) {
                /*
                 * Decrement reserve counts.  The global reserve count may be
                 * adjusted if the subpool has a minimum size.
                 */
                gbl_reserve = hugepage_subpool_put_pages(spool, reserve);
                hugetlb_acct_memory(h, -gbl_reserve);
        }

        kref_put(&resv->refs, resv_map_release);
}

static int hugetlb_vm_op_split(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
        if (addr & ~(huge_page_mask(hstate_vma(vma))))
                return -EINVAL;
        return 0;
}

static unsigned long hugetlb_vm_op_pagesize(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        struct hstate *hstate = hstate_vma(vma);

        return 1UL << huge_page_shift(hstate);
}

/*
 * We cannot handle pagefaults against hugetlb pages at all.  They cause
 * handle_mm_fault() to try to instantiate regular-sized pages in the
 * hugegpage VMA.  do_page_fault() is supposed to trap this, so BUG is we get
 * this far.
 */
static vm_fault_t hugetlb_vm_op_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        BUG();
        return 0;
}

/*
 * When a new function is introduced to vm_operations_struct and added
 * to hugetlb_vm_ops, please consider adding the function to shm_vm_ops.
 * This is because under System V memory model, mappings created via
 * shmget/shmat with "huge page" specified are backed by hugetlbfs files,
 * their original vm_ops are overwritten with shm_vm_ops.
 */
const struct vm_operations_struct hugetlb_vm_ops = {
        .fault = hugetlb_vm_op_fault,
        .open = hugetlb_vm_op_open,
        .close = hugetlb_vm_op_close,
        .split = hugetlb_vm_op_split,
        .pagesize = hugetlb_vm_op_pagesize,
};

static pte_t make_huge_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page *page,
                                int writable)
{
        pte_t entry;

        if (writable) {
                entry = huge_pte_mkwrite(huge_pte_mkdirty(mk_huge_pte(page,
                                         vma->vm_page_prot)));
        } else {
                entry = huge_pte_wrprotect(mk_huge_pte(page,
                                           vma->vm_page_prot));
        }
        entry = pte_mkyoung(entry);
        entry = pte_mkhuge(entry);
        entry = arch_make_huge_pte(entry, vma, page, writable);

        return entry;
}

static void set_huge_ptep_writable(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                   unsigned long address, pte_t *ptep)
{
        pte_t entry;

        entry = huge_pte_mkwrite(huge_pte_mkdirty(huge_ptep_get(ptep)));
        if (huge_ptep_set_access_flags(vma, address, ptep, entry, 1))
                update_mmu_cache(vma, address, ptep);
}

bool is_hugetlb_entry_migration(pte_t pte)
{
        swp_entry_t swp;

        if (huge_pte_none(pte) || pte_present(pte))
                return false;
        swp = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
        if (is_migration_entry(swp))
                return true;
        else
                return false;
}

static bool is_hugetlb_entry_hwpoisoned(pte_t pte)
{
        swp_entry_t swp;

        if (huge_pte_none(pte) || pte_present(pte))
                return false;
        swp = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
        if (is_hwpoison_entry(swp))
                return true;
        else
                return false;
}

int copy_hugetlb_page_range(struct mm_struct *dst, struct mm_struct *src,
                            struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        pte_t *src_pte, *dst_pte, entry, dst_entry;
        struct page *ptepage;
        unsigned long addr;
        int cow;
        struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
        unsigned long sz = huge_page_size(h);
        struct address_space *mapping = vma->vm_file->f_mapping;
        struct mmu_notifier_range range;
        int ret = 0;

        cow = (vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE)) == VM_MAYWRITE;

        if (cow) {
                mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, src,
                                        vma->vm_start,
                                        vma->vm_end);
                mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
        } else {
                /*
                 * For shared mappings i_mmap_rwsem must be held to call
                 * huge_pte_alloc, otherwise the returned ptep could go
                 * away if part of a shared pmd and another thread calls
                 * huge_pmd_unshare.
                 */
                i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
        }

        for (addr = vma->vm_start; addr < vma->vm_end; addr += sz) {
                spinlock_t *src_ptl, *dst_ptl;
                src_pte = huge_pte_offset(src, addr, sz);
                if (!src_pte)
                        continue;
                dst_pte = huge_pte_alloc(dst, addr, sz);
                if (!dst_pte) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        break;
                }

                /*
                 * If the pagetables are shared don't copy or take references.
                 * dst_pte == src_pte is the common case of src/dest sharing.
                 *
                 * However, src could have 'unshared' and dst shares with
                 * another vma.  If dst_pte !none, this implies sharing.
                 * Check here before taking page table lock, and once again
                 * after taking the lock below.
                 */
                dst_entry = huge_ptep_get(dst_pte);
                if ((dst_pte == src_pte) || !huge_pte_none(dst_entry))
                        continue;

                dst_ptl = huge_pte_lock(h, dst, dst_pte);
                src_ptl = huge_pte_lockptr(h, src, src_pte);
                spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
                entry = huge_ptep_get(src_pte);
                dst_entry = huge_ptep_get(dst_pte);
                if (huge_pte_none(entry) || !huge_pte_none(dst_entry)) {
                        /*
                         * Skip if src entry none.  Also, skip in the
                         * unlikely case dst entry !none as this implies
                         * sharing with another vma.
                         */
                        ;
                } else if (unlikely(is_hugetlb_entry_migration(entry) ||
                                    is_hugetlb_entry_hwpoisoned(entry))) {
                        swp_entry_t swp_entry = pte_to_swp_entry(entry);

                        if (is_write_migration_entry(swp_entry) && cow) {
                                /*
                                 * COW mappings require pages in both
                                 * parent and child to be set to read.
                                 */
                                make_migration_entry_read(&swp_entry);
                                entry = swp_entry_to_pte(swp_entry);
                                set_huge_swap_pte_at(src, addr, src_pte,
                                                     entry, sz);
                        }
                        set_huge_swap_pte_at(dst, addr, dst_pte, entry, sz);
                } else {
                        if (cow) {
                                /*
                                 * No need to notify as we are downgrading page
                                 * table protection not changing it to point
                                 * to a new page.
                                 *
                                 * See Documentation/vm/mmu_notifier.rst
                                 */
                                huge_ptep_set_wrprotect(src, addr, src_pte);
                        }
                        entry = huge_ptep_get(src_pte);
                        ptepage = pte_page(entry);
                        get_page(ptepage);
                        page_dup_rmap(ptepage, true);
                        set_huge_pte_at(dst, addr, dst_pte, entry);
                        hugetlb_count_add(pages_per_huge_page(h), dst);
                }
                spin_unlock(src_ptl);
                spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
        }

        if (cow)
                mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
        else
                i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);

        return ret;
}

void __unmap_hugepage_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                            unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
                            struct page *ref_page)
{
        struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
        unsigned long address;
        pte_t *ptep;
        pte_t pte;
        spinlock_t *ptl;
        struct page *page;
        struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
        unsigned long sz = huge_page_size(h);
        struct mmu_notifier_range range;

        WARN_ON(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma));
        BUG_ON(start & ~huge_page_mask(h));
        BUG_ON(end & ~huge_page_mask(h));

        /*
         * This is a hugetlb vma, all the pte entries should point
         * to huge page.
         */
        tlb_change_page_size(tlb, sz);
        tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);

        /*
         * If sharing possible, alert mmu notifiers of worst case.
         */
        mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP, 0, vma, mm, start,
                                end);
        adjust_range_if_pmd_sharing_possible(vma, &range.start, &range.end);
        mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
        address = start;
        for (; address < end; address += sz) {
                ptep = huge_pte_offset(mm, address, sz);
                if (!ptep)
                        continue;

                ptl = huge_pte_lock(h, mm, ptep);
                if (huge_pmd_unshare(mm, vma, &address, ptep)) {
                        spin_unlock(ptl);
                        /*
                         * We just unmapped a page of PMDs by clearing a PUD.
                         * The caller's TLB flush range should cover this area.
                         */
                        continue;
                }

                pte = huge_ptep_get(ptep);
                if (huge_pte_none(pte)) {
                        spin_unlock(ptl);
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Migrating hugepage or HWPoisoned hugepage is already
                 * unmapped and its refcount is dropped, so just clear pte here.
                 */
                if (unlikely(!pte_present(pte))) {
                        huge_pte_clear(mm, address, ptep, sz);
                        spin_unlock(ptl);
                        continue;
                }

                page = pte_page(pte);
                /*
                 * If a reference page is supplied, it is because a specific
                 * page is being unmapped, not a range. Ensure the page we
                 * are about to unmap is the actual page of interest.
                 */
                if (ref_page) {
                        if (page != ref_page) {
                                spin_unlock(ptl);
                                continue;
                        }
                        /*
                         * Mark the VMA as having unmapped its page so that
                         * future faults in this VMA will fail rather than
                         * looking like data was lost
                         */
                        set_vma_resv_flags(vma, HPAGE_RESV_UNMAPPED);
                }

                pte = huge_ptep_get_and_clear(mm, address, ptep);
                tlb_remove_huge_tlb_entry(h, tlb, ptep, address);
                if (huge_pte_dirty(pte))
                        set_page_dirty(page);

                hugetlb_count_sub(pages_per_huge_page(h), mm);
                page_remove_rmap(page, true);

                spin_unlock(ptl);
                tlb_remove_page_size(tlb, page, huge_page_size(h));
                /*
                 * Bail out after unmapping reference page if supplied
                 */
                if (ref_page)
                        break;
        }
        mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
        tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
}

void __unmap_hugepage_range_final(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
                          struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
                          unsigned long end, struct page *ref_page)
{
        __unmap_hugepage_range(tlb, vma, start, end, ref_page);

        /*
         * Clear this flag so that x86's huge_pmd_share page_table_shareable
         * test will fail on a vma being torn down, and not grab a page table
         * on its way out.  We're lucky that the flag has such an appropriate
         * name, and can in fact be safely cleared here. We could clear it
         * before the __unmap_hugepage_range above, but all that's necessary
         * is to clear it before releasing the i_mmap_rwsem. This works
         * because in the context this is called, the VMA is about to be
         * destroyed and the i_mmap_rwsem is held.
         */
        vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_MAYSHARE;
}

void unmap_hugepage_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
                          unsigned long end, struct page *ref_page)
{
        struct mm_struct *mm;
        struct mmu_gather tlb;
        unsigned long tlb_start = start;
        unsigned long tlb_end = end;

        /*
         * If shared PMDs were possibly used within this vma range, adjust
         * start/end for worst case tlb flushing.
         * Note that we can not be sure if PMDs are shared until we try to
         * unmap pages.  However, we want to make sure TLB flushing covers
         * the largest possible range.
         */
        adjust_range_if_pmd_sharing_possible(vma, &tlb_start, &tlb_end);

        mm = vma->vm_mm;

        tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, tlb_start, tlb_end);
        __unmap_hugepage_range(&tlb, vma, start, end, ref_page);
        tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, tlb_start, tlb_end);
}

/*
 * This is called when the original mapper is failing to COW a MAP_PRIVATE
 * mappping it owns the reserve page for. The intention is to unmap the page
 * from other VMAs and let the children be SIGKILLed if they are faulting the
 * same region.
 */
static void unmap_ref_private(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                              struct page *page, unsigned long address)
{