// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
//
// Torture test for smp_call_function() and friends.
//
// Copyright (C) Facebook, 2020.
//
// Author: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

#define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt

#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
#include <linux/reboot.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/srcu.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/torture.h>
#include <linux/types.h>

#define SCFTORT_STRING "scftorture"
#define SCFTORT_FLAG SCFTORT_STRING ": "

#define SCFTORTOUT(s, x...) \
        pr_alert(SCFTORT_FLAG s, ## x)

#define VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT(s, x...) \
        do { if (verbose) pr_alert(SCFTORT_FLAG s, ## x); } while (0)

#define VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT_ERRSTRING(s, x...) \
        do { if (verbose) pr_alert(SCFTORT_FLAG "!!! " s, ## x); } while (0)

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>");

// Wait until there are multiple CPUs before starting test.
torture_param(int, holdoff, IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_SCF_TORTURE_TEST) ? 10 : 0,
              "Holdoff time before test start (s)");
torture_param(int, longwait, 0, "Include ridiculously long waits? (seconds)");
torture_param(int, nthreads, -1, "# threads, defaults to -1 for all CPUs.");
torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0, "Time between CPU hotplugs (s), 0=disable");
torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (ms), <= zero to disable.");
torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60, "Number of seconds between stats printk()s.");
torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of jiffies to run/halt test, 0=disable");
torture_param(bool, use_cpus_read_lock, 0, "Use cpus_read_lock() to exclude CPU hotplug.");
torture_param(int, verbose, 0, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
torture_param(int, weight_resched, -1, "Testing weight for resched_cpu() operations.");
torture_param(int, weight_single, -1, "Testing weight for single-CPU no-wait operations.");
torture_param(int, weight_single_wait, -1, "Testing weight for single-CPU operations.");
torture_param(int, weight_many, -1, "Testing weight for multi-CPU no-wait operations.");
torture_param(int, weight_many_wait, -1, "Testing weight for multi-CPU operations.");
torture_param(int, weight_all, -1, "Testing weight for all-CPU no-wait operations.");
torture_param(int, weight_all_wait, -1, "Testing weight for all-CPU operations.");

char *torture_type = "";

#ifdef MODULE
# define SCFTORT_SHUTDOWN 0
#else
# define SCFTORT_SHUTDOWN 1
#endif

torture_param(bool, shutdown, SCFTORT_SHUTDOWN, "Shutdown at end of torture test.");

struct scf_statistics {
        struct task_struct *task;
        int cpu;
        long long n_resched;
        long long n_single;
        long long n_single_ofl;
        long long n_single_wait;
        long long n_single_wait_ofl;
        long long n_many;
        long long n_many_wait;
        long long n_all;
        long long n_all_wait;
};

static struct scf_statistics *scf_stats_p;
static struct task_struct *scf_torture_stats_task;
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long long, scf_invoked_count);

// Data for random primitive selection
#define SCF_PRIM_RESCHED        0
#define SCF_PRIM_SINGLE         1
#define SCF_PRIM_MANY           2
#define SCF_PRIM_ALL            3
#define SCF_NPRIMS              7 // Need wait and no-wait versions of each,
                                  //  except for SCF_PRIM_RESCHED.

static char *scf_prim_name[] = {
        "resched_cpu",
        "smp_call_function_single",
        "smp_call_function_many",
        "smp_call_function",
};

struct scf_selector {
        unsigned long scfs_weight;
        int scfs_prim;
        bool scfs_wait;
};
static struct scf_selector scf_sel_array[SCF_NPRIMS];
static int scf_sel_array_len;
static unsigned long scf_sel_totweight;

// Communicate between caller and handler.
struct scf_check {
        bool scfc_in;
        bool scfc_out;
        int scfc_cpu; // -1 for not _single().
        bool scfc_wait;
};

// Use to wait for all threads to start.
static atomic_t n_started;
static atomic_t n_errs;
static atomic_t n_mb_in_errs;
static atomic_t n_mb_out_errs;
static atomic_t n_alloc_errs;
static bool scfdone;
static char *bangstr = "";

static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(scf_torture_rand);

extern void resched_cpu(int cpu); // An alternative IPI vector.

// Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure serialization.
static void scf_torture_stats_print(void)
{
        int cpu;
        int i;
        long long invoked_count = 0;
        bool isdone = READ_ONCE(scfdone);
        struct scf_statistics scfs = {};

        for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
                invoked_count += data_race(per_cpu(scf_invoked_count, cpu));
        for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
                scfs.n_resched += scf_stats_p[i].n_resched;
                scfs.n_single += scf_stats_p[i].n_single;
                scfs.n_single_ofl += scf_stats_p[i].n_single_ofl;
                scfs.n_single_wait += scf_stats_p[i].n_single_wait;
                scfs.n_single_wait_ofl += scf_stats_p[i].n_single_wait_ofl;
                scfs.n_many += scf_stats_p[i].n_many;
                scfs.n_many_wait += scf_stats_p[i].n_many_wait;
                scfs.n_all += scf_stats_p[i].n_all;
                scfs.n_all_wait += scf_stats_p[i].n_all_wait;
        }
        if (atomic_read(&n_errs) || atomic_read(&n_mb_in_errs) ||
            atomic_read(&n_mb_out_errs) || atomic_read(&n_alloc_errs))
                bangstr = "!!! ";
        pr_alert("%s %sscf_invoked_count %s: %lld resched: %lld single: %lld/%lld single_ofl: %lld/%lld many: %lld/%lld all: %lld/%lld ",
                 SCFTORT_FLAG, bangstr, isdone ? "VER" : "ver", invoked_count, scfs.n_resched,
                 scfs.n_single, scfs.n_single_wait, scfs.n_single_ofl, scfs.n_single_wait_ofl,
                 scfs.n_many, scfs.n_many_wait, scfs.n_all, scfs.n_all_wait);
        torture_onoff_stats();
        pr_cont("ste: %d stnmie: %d stnmoe: %d staf: %d\n", atomic_read(&n_errs),
                atomic_read(&n_mb_in_errs), atomic_read(&n_mb_out_errs),
                atomic_read(&n_alloc_errs));
}

// Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
// was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
static int
scf_torture_stats(void *arg)
{
        VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("scf_torture_stats task started");
        do {
                schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
                scf_torture_stats_print();
                torture_shutdown_absorb("scf_torture_stats");
        } while (!torture_must_stop());
        torture_kthread_stopping("scf_torture_stats");
        return 0;
}

// Add a primitive to the scf_sel_array[].
static void scf_sel_add(unsigned long weight, int prim, bool wait)
{
        struct scf_selector *scfsp = &scf_sel_array[scf_sel_array_len];

        // If no weight, if array would overflow, if computing three-place
        // percentages would overflow, or if the scf_prim_name[] array would
        // overflow, don't bother.  In the last three two cases, complain.
        if (!weight ||
            WARN_ON_ONCE(scf_sel_array_len >= ARRAY_SIZE(scf_sel_array)) ||
            WARN_ON_ONCE(0 - 100000 * weight <= 100000 * scf_sel_totweight) ||
            WARN_ON_ONCE(prim >= ARRAY_SIZE(scf_prim_name)))
                return;
        scf_sel_totweight += weight;
        scfsp->scfs_weight = scf_sel_totweight;
        scfsp->scfs_prim = prim;
        scfsp->scfs_wait = wait;
        scf_sel_array_len++;
}

// Dump out weighting percentages for scf_prim_name[] array.
static void scf_sel_dump(void)
{
        int i;
        unsigned long oldw = 0;
        struct scf_selector *scfsp;
        unsigned long w;

        for (i = 0; i < scf_sel_array_len; i++) {
                scfsp = &scf_sel_array[i];
                w = (scfsp->scfs_weight - oldw) * 100000 / scf_sel_totweight;
                pr_info("%s: %3lu.%03lu %s(%s)\n", __func__, w / 1000, w % 1000,
                        scf_prim_name[scfsp->scfs_prim],
                        scfsp->scfs_wait ? "wait" : "nowait");
                oldw = scfsp->scfs_weight;
        }
}

// Randomly pick a primitive and wait/nowait, based on weightings.
static struct scf_selector *scf_sel_rand(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
{
        int i;
        unsigned long w = torture_random(trsp) % (scf_sel_totweight + 1);

        for (i = 0; i < scf_sel_array_len; i++)
                if (scf_sel_array[i].scfs_weight >= w)
                        return &scf_sel_array[i];
        WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
        return &scf_sel_array[0];
}

// Update statistics and occasionally burn up mass quantities of CPU time,
// if told to do so via scftorture.longwait.  Otherwise, occasionally burn
// a little bit.
static void scf_handler(void *scfc_in)
{
        int i;
        int j;
        unsigned long r = torture_random(this_cpu_ptr(&scf_torture_rand));
        struct scf_check *scfcp = scfc_in;

        if (likely(scfcp)) {
                WRITE_ONCE(scfcp->scfc_out, false); // For multiple receivers.
                if (WARN_ON_ONCE(unlikely(!READ_ONCE(scfcp->scfc_in))))
                        atomic_inc(&n_mb_in_errs);
        }
        this_cpu_inc(scf_invoked_count);
        if (longwait <= 0) {
                if (!(r & 0xffc0))
                        udelay(r & 0x3f);
                goto out;
        }
        if (r & 0xfff)
                goto out;
        r = (r >> 12);
        if (longwait <= 0) {
                udelay((r & 0xff) + 1);
                goto out;
        }
        r = r % longwait + 1;
        for (i = 0; i < r; i++) {
                for (j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
                        udelay(1000);
                        cpu_relax();
                }
        }
out:
        if (unlikely(!scfcp))
                return;
        if (scfcp->scfc_wait)
                WRITE_ONCE(scfcp->scfc_out, true);
        else
                kfree(scfcp);
}

// As above, but check for correct CPU.
static void scf_handler_1(void *scfc_in)
{
        struct scf_check *scfcp = scfc_in;

        if (likely(scfcp) && WARN_ONCE(smp_processor_id() != scfcp->scfc_cpu, "%s: Wanted CPU %d got CPU %d\n", __func__, scfcp->scfc_cpu, smp_processor_id())) {
                atomic_inc(&n_errs);
        }
        scf_handler(scfcp);
}

// Randomly do an smp_call_function*() invocation.
static void scftorture_invoke_one(struct scf_statistics *scfp, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
{
        uintptr_t cpu;
        int ret = 0;
        struct scf_check *scfcp = NULL;
        struct scf_selector *scfsp = scf_sel_rand(trsp);

        if (use_cpus_read_lock)
                cpus_read_lock();
        else
                preempt_disable();
        if (scfsp->scfs_prim == SCF_PRIM_SINGLE || scfsp->scfs_wait) {
                scfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*scfcp), GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!scfcp)) {
                        atomic_inc(&n_alloc_errs);
                } else {
                        scfcp->scfc_cpu = -1;
                        scfcp->scfc_wait = scfsp->scfs_wait;
                        scfcp->scfc_out = false;
                }
        }
        switch (scfsp->scfs_prim) {
        case SCF_PRIM_RESCHED:
                if (IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_SCF_TORTURE_TEST)) {
                        cpu = torture_random(trsp) % nr_cpu_ids;
                        scfp->n_resched++;
                        resched_cpu(cpu);
                }
                break;
        case SCF_PRIM_SINGLE:
                cpu = torture_random(trsp) % nr_cpu_ids;
                if (scfsp->scfs_wait)
                        scfp->n_single_wait++;
                else
                        scfp->n_single++;
                if (scfcp) {
                        scfcp->scfc_cpu = cpu;
                        barrier(); // Prevent race-reduction compiler optimizations.
                        scfcp->scfc_in = true;
                }
                ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, scf_handler_1, (void *)scfcp, scfsp->scfs_wait);
                if (ret) {
                        if (scfsp->scfs_wait)
                                scfp->n_single_wait_ofl++;
                        else
                                scfp->n_single_ofl++;
                        kfree(scfcp);
                        scfcp = NULL;
                }
                break;
        case SCF_PRIM_MANY:
                if (scfsp->scfs_wait)
                        scfp->n_many_wait++;
                else
                        scfp->n_many++;
                if (scfcp) {
                        barrier(); // Prevent race-reduction compiler optimizations.
                        scfcp->scfc_in = true;
                }
                smp_call_function_many(cpu_online_mask, scf_handler, scfcp, scfsp->scfs_wait);
                break;
        case SCF_PRIM_ALL:
                if (scfsp->scfs_wait)
                        scfp->n_all_wait++;
                else
                        scfp->n_all++;
                if (scfcp) {
                        barrier(); // Prevent race-reduction compiler optimizations.
                        scfcp->scfc_in = true;
                }
                smp_call_function(scf_handler, scfcp, scfsp->scfs_wait);
                break;
        default:
                WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
                if (scfcp)
                        scfcp->scfc_out = true;
        }
        if (scfcp && scfsp->scfs_wait) {
                if (WARN_ON_ONCE((num_online_cpus() > 1 || scfsp->scfs_prim == SCF_PRIM_SINGLE) &&
                                 !scfcp->scfc_out))
                        atomic_inc(&n_mb_out_errs); // Leak rather than trash!
                else
                        kfree(scfcp);
                barrier(); // Prevent race-reduction compiler optimizations.
        }
        if (use_cpus_read_lock)
                cpus_read_unlock();
        else
                preempt_enable();
        if (!(torture_random(trsp) & 0xfff))
                schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
}

// SCF test kthread.  Repeatedly does calls to members of the
// smp_call_function() family of functions.
static int scftorture_invoker(void *arg)
{
        int cpu;
        int curcpu;
        DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
        struct scf_statistics *scfp = (struct scf_statistics *)arg;
        bool was_offline = false;

        VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT("scftorture_invoker %d: task started", scfp->cpu);
        cpu = scfp->cpu % nr_cpu_ids;
        WARN_ON_ONCE(set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpumask_of(cpu)));
        set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
        if (holdoff)
                schedule_timeout_interruptible(holdoff * HZ);

        VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT("scftorture_invoker %d: Waiting for all SCF torturers from cpu %d", scfp->cpu, raw_smp_processor_id());

        // Make sure that the CPU is affinitized appropriately during testing.
        curcpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
        WARN_ONCE(curcpu != scfp->cpu % nr_cpu_ids,
                  "%s: Wanted CPU %d, running on %d, nr_cpu_ids = %d\n",
                  __func__, scfp->cpu, curcpu, nr_cpu_ids);

        if (!atomic_dec_return(&n_started))
                while (atomic_read_acquire(&n_started)) {
                        if (torture_must_stop()) {
                                VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT("scftorture_invoker %d ended before starting", scfp->cpu);
                                goto end;
                        }
                        schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
                }

        VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT("scftorture_invoker %d started", scfp->cpu);

        do {
                scftorture_invoke_one(scfp, &rand);
                while (cpu_is_offline(cpu) && !torture_must_stop()) {
                        schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
                        was_offline = true;
                }
                if (was_offline) {
                        set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpumask_of(cpu));
                        was_offline = false;
                }
                cond_resched();
                stutter_wait("scftorture_invoker");
        } while (!torture_must_stop());

        VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT("scftorture_invoker %d ended", scfp->cpu);
end:
        torture_kthread_stopping("scftorture_invoker");
        return 0;
}

static void
scftorture_print_module_parms(const char *tag)
{
        pr_alert(SCFTORT_FLAG
                 "--- %s:  verbose=%d holdoff=%d longwait=%d nthreads=%d onoff_holdoff=%d onoff_interval=%d shutdown_secs=%d stat_interval=%d stutter=%d use_cpus_read_lock=%d, weight_resched=%d, weight_single=%d, weight_single_wait=%d, weight_many=%d, weight_many_wait=%d, weight_all=%d, weight_all_wait=%d\n", tag,
                 verbose, holdoff, longwait, nthreads, onoff_holdoff, onoff_interval, shutdown, stat_interval, stutter, use_cpus_read_lock, weight_resched, weight_single, weight_single_wait, weight_many, weight_many_wait, weight_all, weight_all_wait);
}

static void scf_cleanup_handler(void *unused)
{
}

static void scf_torture_cleanup(void)
{
        int i;

        if (torture_cleanup_begin())
                return;

        WRITE_ONCE(scfdone, true);
        if (nthreads)
                for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++)
                        torture_stop_kthread("scftorture_invoker", scf_stats_p[i].task);
        else
                goto end;
        smp_call_function(scf_cleanup_handler, NULL, 0);
        torture_stop_kthread(scf_torture_stats, scf_torture_stats_task);
        scf_torture_stats_print();  // -After- the stats thread is stopped!
        kfree(scf_stats_p);  // -After- the last stats print has completed!
        scf_stats_p = NULL;

        if (atomic_read(&n_errs) || atomic_read(&n_mb_in_errs) || atomic_read(&n_mb_out_errs))
                scftorture_print_module_parms("End of test: FAILURE");
        else if (torture_onoff_failures())
                scftorture_print_module_parms("End of test: LOCK_HOTPLUG");
        else
                scftorture_print_module_parms("End of test: SUCCESS");

end:
        torture_cleanup_end();
}

static int __init scf_torture_init(void)
{
        long i;
        int firsterr = 0;
        unsigned long weight_resched1 = weight_resched;
        unsigned long weight_single1 = weight_single;
        unsigned long weight_single_wait1 = weight_single_wait;
        unsigned long weight_many1 = weight_many;
        unsigned long weight_many_wait1 = weight_many_wait;
        unsigned long weight_all1 = weight_all;
        unsigned long weight_all_wait1 = weight_all_wait;

        if (!torture_init_begin(SCFTORT_STRING, verbose))
                return -EBUSY;

        scftorture_print_module_parms("Start of test");

        if (weight_resched == -1 && weight_single == -1 && weight_single_wait == -1 &&
            weight_many == -1 && weight_many_wait == -1 &&
            weight_all == -1 && weight_all_wait == -1) {
                weight_resched1 = 2 * nr_cpu_ids;
                weight_single1 = 2 * nr_cpu_ids;
                weight_single_wait1 = 2 * nr_cpu_ids;
                weight_many1 = 2;
                weight_many_wait1 = 2;
                weight_all1 = 1;
                weight_all_wait1 = 1;
        } else {
                if (weight_resched == -1)
                        weight_resched1 = 0;
                if (weight_single == -1)
                        weight_single1 = 0;
                if (weight_single_wait == -1)
                        weight_single_wait1 = 0;
                if (weight_many == -1)
                        weight_many1 = 0;
                if (weight_many_wait == -1)
                        weight_many_wait1 = 0;
                if (weight_all == -1)
                        weight_all1 = 0;
                if (weight_all_wait == -1)
                        weight_all_wait1 = 0;
        }
        if (weight_single1 == 0 && weight_single_wait1 == 0 &&
            weight_many1 == 0 && weight_many_wait1 == 0 &&
            weight_all1 == 0 && weight_all_wait1 == 0) {
                VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT_ERRSTRING("all zero weights makes no sense");
                firsterr = -EINVAL;
                goto unwind;
        }
        if (IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_SCF_TORTURE_TEST))
                scf_sel_add(weight_resched1, SCF_PRIM_RESCHED, false);
        else if (weight_resched1)
                VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT_ERRSTRING("built as module, weight_resched ignored");
        scf_sel_add(weight_single1, SCF_PRIM_SINGLE, false);
        scf_sel_add(weight_single_wait1, SCF_PRIM_SINGLE, true);
        scf_sel_add(weight_many1, SCF_PRIM_MANY, false);
        scf_sel_add(weight_many_wait1, SCF_PRIM_MANY, true);
        scf_sel_add(weight_all1, SCF_PRIM_ALL, false);
        scf_sel_add(weight_all_wait1, SCF_PRIM_ALL, true);
        scf_sel_dump();

        if (onoff_interval > 0) {
                firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval, NULL);
                if (firsterr)
                        goto unwind;
        }
        if (shutdown_secs > 0) {
                firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, scf_torture_cleanup);
                if (firsterr)
                        goto unwind;
        }
        if (stutter > 0) {
                firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter, stutter);
                if (firsterr)
                        goto unwind;
        }

        // Worker tasks invoking smp_call_function().
        if (nthreads < 0)
                nthreads = num_online_cpus();
        scf_stats_p = kcalloc(nthreads, sizeof(scf_stats_p[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!scf_stats_p) {
                VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
                firsterr = -ENOMEM;
                goto unwind;
        }

        VERBOSE_SCFTORTOUT("Starting %d smp_call_function() threads\n", nthreads);

        atomic_set(&n_started, nthreads);
        for (i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
                scf_stats_p[i].cpu = i;
                firsterr = torture_create_kthread(scftorture_invoker, (void *)&scf_stats_p[i],
                                                  scf_stats_p[i].task);
                if (firsterr)
                        goto unwind;
        }
        if (stat_interval > 0) {
                firsterr = torture_create_kthread(scf_torture_stats, NULL, scf_torture_stats_task);
                if (firsterr)
                        goto unwind;
        }

        torture_init_end();
        return 0;

unwind:
        torture_init_end();
        scf_torture_cleanup();
        return firsterr;
}

module_init(scf_torture_init);
module_exit(scf_torture_cleanup);