1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later 2 3======== 4Glossary 5======== 6 7.. note:: 8 9 The goal of this section is to standardize the terms used within the media 10 userspace API documentation. This is Work In Progress. 11 12.. Please keep the glossary entries in alphabetical order 13 14.. glossary:: 15 16 Bridge Driver 17 A :term:`Device Driver` that implements the main logic to talk with 18 media hardware. 19 20 CEC API 21 **Consumer Electronics Control API** 22 23 An API designed to receive and transmit data via an HDMI 24 CEC interface. 25 26 See :ref:`cec`. 27 28 Device Driver 29 Part of the Linux Kernel that implements support for a hardware 30 component. 31 32 Device Node 33 A character device node in the file system used to control and 34 transfer data in and out of a Kernel driver. 35 36 Digital TV API 37 **Previously known as DVB API** 38 39 An API designed to control a subset of the :term:`Media Hardware` 40 that implements digital TV (e. g. DVB, ATSC, ISDB, etc). 41 42 See :ref:`dvbapi`. 43 44 DSP 45 **Digital Signal Processor** 46 47 A specialized :term:`Microprocessor`, with its architecture 48 optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing. 49 50 FPGA 51 **Field-programmable Gate Array** 52 53 An :term:`IC` circuit designed to be configured by a customer or 54 a designer after manufacturing. 55 56 See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field-programmable_gate_array. 57 58 Hardware Component 59 A subset of the :term:`Media Hardware`. For example an :term:`I²C` or 60 :term:`SPI` device, or an :term:`IP Block` inside an 61 :term:`SoC` or :term:`FPGA`. 62 63 Hardware Peripheral 64 A group of :term:`hardware components <Hardware Component>` that 65 together make a larger user-facing functional peripheral. For 66 instance, the :term:`SoC` :term:`ISP` :term:`IP Block` 67 and the external camera sensors together make a camera hardware 68 peripheral. 69 70 Also known as :term:`Peripheral`. 71 72 I²C 73 **Inter-Integrated Circuit** 74 75 A multi-master, multi-slave, packet switched, single-ended, 76 serial computer bus used to control some hardware components 77 like sub-device hardware components. 78 79 See http://www.nxp.com/docs/en/user-guide/UM10204.pdf. 80 81 IC 82 **Integrated circuit** 83 84 A set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of 85 semiconductor material, normally silicon. 86 87 Also known as chip. 88 89 IP Block 90 **Intellectual property core** 91 92 In electronic design a semiconductor intellectual property core, 93 is a reusable unit of logic, cell, or integrated circuit layout 94 design that is the intellectual property of one party. 95 IP Blocks may be licensed to another party or can be owned 96 and used by a single party alone. 97 98 See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_intellectual_property_core). 99 100 ISP 101 **Image Signal Processor** 102 103 A specialized processor that implements a set of algorithms for 104 processing image data. ISPs may implement algorithms for lens 105 shading correction, demosaicing, scaling and pixel format conversion 106 as well as produce statistics for the use of the control 107 algorithms (e.g. automatic exposure, white balance and focus). 108 109 Media API 110 A set of userspace APIs used to control the media hardware. It is 111 composed by: 112 113 - :term:`CEC API`; 114 - :term:`Digital TV API`; 115 - :term:`MC API`; 116 - :term:`RC API`; and 117 - :term:`V4L2 API`. 118 119 See Documentation/userspace-api/media/index.rst. 120 121 MC API 122 **Media Controller API** 123 124 An API designed to expose and control the relationships between 125 multimedia devices and sub-devices. 126 127 See :ref:`media_controller`. 128 129 MC-centric 130 :term:`V4L2 Hardware` device driver that requires :term:`MC API`. 131 132 Such drivers have ``V4L2_CAP_IO_MC`` device_caps field set 133 (see :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP`). 134 135 See :ref:`v4l2_hardware_control` for more details. 136 137 Media Hardware 138 Subset of the hardware that is supported by the Linux Media API. 139 140 This includes audio and video capture and playback hardware, 141 digital and analog TV, camera sensors, ISPs, remote controllers, 142 codecs, HDMI Consumer Electronics Control, HDMI capture, etc. 143 144 Microprocessor 145 Electronic circuitry that carries out the instructions of a 146 computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, 147 control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the 148 instructions on a single integrated circuit. 149 150 Peripheral 151 The same as :term:`Hardware Peripheral`. 152 153 RC API 154 **Remote Controller API** 155 156 An API designed to receive and transmit data from remote 157 controllers. 158 159 See :ref:`remote_controllers`. 160 161 SMBus 162 A subset of I²C, which defines a stricter usage of the bus. 163 164 SPI 165 **Serial Peripheral Interface Bus** 166 167 Synchronous serial communication interface specification used for 168 short distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. 169 170 SoC 171 **System on a Chip** 172 173 An integrated circuit that integrates all components of a computer 174 or other electronic systems. 175 176 V4L2 API 177 **V4L2 userspace API** 178 179 The userspace API defined in :ref:`v4l2spec`, which is used to 180 control a V4L2 hardware. 181 182 V4L2 Device Node 183 A :term:`Device Node` that is associated to a V4L driver. 184 185 The V4L2 device node naming is specified at :ref:`v4l2_device_naming`. 186 187 V4L2 Hardware 188 Part of the media hardware which is supported by the :term:`V4L2 API`. 189 190 V4L2 Sub-device 191 V4L2 hardware components that aren't controlled by a 192 :term:`Bridge Driver`. See :ref:`subdev`. 193 194 Video-node-centric 195 V4L2 device driver that doesn't require a media controller to be used. 196 197 Such drivers have the ``V4L2_CAP_IO_MC`` device_caps field unset 198 (see :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP`). 199 200 V4L2 Sub-device API 201 Part of the :term:`V4L2 API` which control 202 :term:`V4L2 sub-devices <V4L2 Sub-device>`, like sensors, 203 HDMI receivers, scalers, deinterlacers. 204 205 See :ref:`v4l2_hardware_control` for more details. 206