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14#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
15
16#include <linux/init.h>
17#include <linux/ktime.h>
18#include <linux/module.h>
19#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
20#include <linux/err.h>
21#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
22#include <linux/slab.h>
23#include <linux/sched.h>
24#include "mtd_test.h"
25
26#define RETRIES 3
27
28static int eb = 8;
29module_param(eb, int, S_IRUGO);
30MODULE_PARM_DESC(eb, "eraseblock number within the selected MTD device");
31
32static int ebcnt = 32;
33module_param(ebcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
34MODULE_PARM_DESC(ebcnt, "number of consecutive eraseblocks to torture");
35
36static int pgcnt;
37module_param(pgcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
38MODULE_PARM_DESC(pgcnt, "number of pages per eraseblock to torture (0 => all)");
39
40static int dev = -EINVAL;
41module_param(dev, int, S_IRUGO);
42MODULE_PARM_DESC(dev, "MTD device number to use");
43
44static int gran = 512;
45module_param(gran, int, S_IRUGO);
46MODULE_PARM_DESC(gran, "how often the status information should be printed");
47
48static int check = 1;
49module_param(check, int, S_IRUGO);
50MODULE_PARM_DESC(check, "if the written data should be checked");
51
52static unsigned int cycles_count;
53module_param(cycles_count, uint, S_IRUGO);
54MODULE_PARM_DESC(cycles_count, "how many erase cycles to do "
55 "(infinite by default)");
56
57static struct mtd_info *mtd;
58
59
60static unsigned char *patt_5A5;
61
62static unsigned char *patt_A5A;
63
64static unsigned char *patt_FF;
65
66static unsigned char *check_buf;
67
68static unsigned int erase_cycles;
69
70static int pgsize;
71static ktime_t start, finish;
72
73static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written);
74
75static inline void start_timing(void)
76{
77 start = ktime_get();
78}
79
80static inline void stop_timing(void)
81{
82 finish = ktime_get();
83}
84
85
86
87
88
89static inline int check_eraseblock(int ebnum, unsigned char *buf)
90{
91 int err, retries = 0;
92 size_t read;
93 loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
94 size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
95
96 if (pgcnt) {
97 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
98 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
99 }
100
101retry:
102 err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, len, &read, check_buf);
103 if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
104 pr_err("single bit flip occurred at EB %d "
105 "MTD reported that it was fixed.\n", ebnum);
106 else if (err) {
107 pr_err("error %d while reading EB %d, "
108 "read %zd\n", err, ebnum, read);
109 return err;
110 }
111
112 if (read != len) {
113 pr_err("failed to read %zd bytes from EB %d, "
114 "read only %zd, but no error reported\n",
115 len, ebnum, read);
116 return -EIO;
117 }
118
119 if (memcmp(buf, check_buf, len)) {
120 pr_err("read wrong data from EB %d\n", ebnum);
121 report_corrupt(check_buf, buf);
122
123 if (retries++ < RETRIES) {
124
125 yield();
126 pr_info("re-try reading data from EB %d\n",
127 ebnum);
128 goto retry;
129 } else {
130 pr_info("retried %d times, still errors, "
131 "give-up\n", RETRIES);
132 return -EINVAL;
133 }
134 }
135
136 if (retries != 0)
137 pr_info("only attempt number %d was OK (!!!)\n",
138 retries);
139
140 return 0;
141}
142
143static inline int write_pattern(int ebnum, void *buf)
144{
145 int err;
146 size_t written;
147 loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
148 size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
149
150 if (pgcnt) {
151 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
152 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
153 }
154 err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, len, &written, buf);
155 if (err) {
156 pr_err("error %d while writing EB %d, written %zd"
157 " bytes\n", err, ebnum, written);
158 return err;
159 }
160 if (written != len) {
161 pr_info("written only %zd bytes of %zd, but no error"
162 " reported\n", written, len);
163 return -EIO;
164 }
165
166 return 0;
167}
168
169static int __init tort_init(void)
170{
171 int err = 0, i, infinite = !cycles_count;
172 unsigned char *bad_ebs;
173
174 printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
175 printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
176 pr_info("Warning: this program is trying to wear out your "
177 "flash, stop it if this is not wanted.\n");
178
179 if (dev < 0) {
180 pr_info("Please specify a valid mtd-device via module parameter\n");
181 pr_crit("CAREFUL: This test wipes all data on the specified MTD device!\n");
182 return -EINVAL;
183 }
184
185 pr_info("MTD device: %d\n", dev);
186 pr_info("torture %d eraseblocks (%d-%d) of mtd%d\n",
187 ebcnt, eb, eb + ebcnt - 1, dev);
188 if (pgcnt)
189 pr_info("torturing just %d pages per eraseblock\n",
190 pgcnt);
191 pr_info("write verify %s\n", check ? "enabled" : "disabled");
192
193 mtd = get_mtd_device(NULL, dev);
194 if (IS_ERR(mtd)) {
195 err = PTR_ERR(mtd);
196 pr_err("error: cannot get MTD device\n");
197 return err;
198 }
199
200 if (mtd->writesize == 1) {
201 pr_info("not NAND flash, assume page size is 512 "
202 "bytes.\n");
203 pgsize = 512;
204 } else
205 pgsize = mtd->writesize;
206
207 if (pgcnt && (pgcnt > mtd->erasesize / pgsize || pgcnt < 0)) {
208 pr_err("error: invalid pgcnt value %d\n", pgcnt);
209 goto out_mtd;
210 }
211
212 err = -ENOMEM;
213 patt_5A5 = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
214 if (!patt_5A5)
215 goto out_mtd;
216
217 patt_A5A = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
218 if (!patt_A5A)
219 goto out_patt_5A5;
220
221 patt_FF = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
222 if (!patt_FF)
223 goto out_patt_A5A;
224
225 check_buf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
226 if (!check_buf)
227 goto out_patt_FF;
228
229 bad_ebs = kzalloc(ebcnt, GFP_KERNEL);
230 if (!bad_ebs)
231 goto out_check_buf;
232
233
234 memset(patt_FF, 0xFF, mtd->erasesize);
235 for (i = 0; i < mtd->erasesize / pgsize; i++) {
236 if (!(i & 1)) {
237 memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
238 memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
239 } else {
240 memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
241 memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
242 }
243 }
244
245 err = mtdtest_scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
246 if (err)
247 goto out;
248
249 start_timing();
250 while (1) {
251 int i;
252 void *patt;
253
254 err = mtdtest_erase_good_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
255 if (err)
256 goto out;
257
258
259 if (check) {
260 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
261 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
262 continue;
263 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt_FF);
264 if (err) {
265 pr_info("verify failed"
266 " for 0xFF... pattern\n");
267 goto out;
268 }
269
270 err = mtdtest_relax();
271 if (err)
272 goto out;
273 }
274 }
275
276
277 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
278 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
279 continue;
280 if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
281 patt = patt_5A5;
282 else
283 patt = patt_A5A;
284 err = write_pattern(i, patt);
285 if (err)
286 goto out;
287
288 err = mtdtest_relax();
289 if (err)
290 goto out;
291 }
292
293
294 if (check) {
295 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
296 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
297 continue;
298 if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
299 patt = patt_5A5;
300 else
301 patt = patt_A5A;
302 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt);
303 if (err) {
304 pr_info("verify failed for %s"
305 " pattern\n",
306 ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1) ?
307 "0x55AA55..." : "0xAA55AA...");
308 goto out;
309 }
310
311 err = mtdtest_relax();
312 if (err)
313 goto out;
314 }
315 }
316
317 erase_cycles += 1;
318
319 if (erase_cycles % gran == 0) {
320 long ms;
321
322 stop_timing();
323 ms = ktime_ms_delta(finish, start);
324 pr_info("%08u erase cycles done, took %lu "
325 "milliseconds (%lu seconds)\n",
326 erase_cycles, ms, ms / 1000);
327 start_timing();
328 }
329
330 if (!infinite && --cycles_count == 0)
331 break;
332 }
333out:
334
335 pr_info("finished after %u erase cycles\n",
336 erase_cycles);
337 kfree(bad_ebs);
338out_check_buf:
339 kfree(check_buf);
340out_patt_FF:
341 kfree(patt_FF);
342out_patt_A5A:
343 kfree(patt_A5A);
344out_patt_5A5:
345 kfree(patt_5A5);
346out_mtd:
347 put_mtd_device(mtd);
348 if (err)
349 pr_info("error %d occurred during torturing\n", err);
350 printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
351 return err;
352}
353module_init(tort_init);
354
355static void __exit tort_exit(void)
356{
357 return;
358}
359module_exit(tort_exit);
360
361static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
362 unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
363 unsigned *bitsp);
364static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
365 int len);
366
367
368
369
370
371static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written)
372{
373 int i;
374 int bytes, bits, pages, first;
375 int offset, len;
376 size_t check_len = mtd->erasesize;
377
378 if (pgcnt)
379 check_len = pgcnt * pgsize;
380
381 bytes = bits = pages = 0;
382 for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize)
383 if (countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
384 &bits) >= 0)
385 pages++;
386
387 pr_info("verify fails on %d pages, %d bytes/%d bits\n",
388 pages, bytes, bits);
389 pr_info("The following is a list of all differences between"
390 " what was read from flash and what was expected\n");
391
392 for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize) {
393 cond_resched();
394 bytes = bits = 0;
395 first = countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
396 &bits);
397 if (first < 0)
398 continue;
399
400 printk("-------------------------------------------------------"
401 "----------------------------------\n");
402
403 pr_info("Page %zd has %d bytes/%d bits failing verify,"
404 " starting at offset 0x%x\n",
405 (mtd->erasesize - check_len + i) / pgsize,
406 bytes, bits, first);
407
408 offset = first & ~0x7;
409 len = ((first + bytes) | 0x7) + 1 - offset;
410
411 print_bufs(read, written, offset, len);
412 }
413}
414
415static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
416 int len)
417{
418 int i = 0, j1, j2;
419 char *diff;
420
421 printk("Offset Read Written\n");
422 while (i < len) {
423 printk("0x%08x: ", start + i);
424 diff = " ";
425 for (j1 = 0; j1 < 8 && i + j1 < len; j1++) {
426 printk(" %02x", read[start + i + j1]);
427 if (read[start + i + j1] != written[start + i + j1])
428 diff = "***";
429 }
430
431 while (j1 < 8) {
432 printk(" ");
433 j1 += 1;
434 }
435
436 printk(" %s ", diff);
437
438 for (j2 = 0; j2 < 8 && i + j2 < len; j2++)
439 printk(" %02x", written[start + i + j2]);
440 printk("\n");
441 i += 8;
442 }
443}
444
445
446
447
448
449static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
450 unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
451 unsigned *bitsp)
452{
453 unsigned i, bit;
454 int first = -1;
455
456 for (i = offset; i < offset + len; i++)
457 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
458 first = i;
459 break;
460 }
461
462 while (i < offset + len) {
463 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
464 (*bytesp)++;
465 bit = 1;
466 while (bit < 256) {
467 if ((buf[i] & bit) != (check_buf[i] & bit))
468 (*bitsp)++;
469 bit <<= 1;
470 }
471 }
472 i++;
473 }
474
475 return first;
476}
477
478MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Eraseblock torturing module");
479MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adrian Hunter");
480MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
481
