// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0

#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/bio.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/page-flags.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/pagevec.h>
#include <linux/prefetch.h>
#include <linux/fsverity.h>
#include "misc.h"
#include "extent_io.h"
#include "extent-io-tree.h"
#include "extent_map.h"
#include "ctree.h"
#include "btrfs_inode.h"
#include "volumes.h"
#include "check-integrity.h"
#include "locking.h"
#include "rcu-string.h"
#include "backref.h"
#include "disk-io.h"
#include "subpage.h"
#include "zoned.h"
#include "block-group.h"

static struct kmem_cache *extent_state_cache;
static struct kmem_cache *extent_buffer_cache;
static struct bio_set btrfs_bioset;

static inline bool extent_state_in_tree(const struct extent_state *state)
{
        return !RB_EMPTY_NODE(&state->rb_node);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_BTRFS_DEBUG
static LIST_HEAD(states);
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(leak_lock);

static inline void btrfs_leak_debug_add(spinlock_t *lock,
                                        struct list_head *new,
                                        struct list_head *head)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(lock, flags);
        list_add(new, head);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(lock, flags);
}

static inline void btrfs_leak_debug_del(spinlock_t *lock,
                                        struct list_head *entry)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(lock, flags);
        list_del(entry);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(lock, flags);
}

void btrfs_extent_buffer_leak_debug_check(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
{
        struct extent_buffer *eb;
        unsigned long flags;

        /*
         * If we didn't get into open_ctree our allocated_ebs will not be
         * initialized, so just skip this.
         */
        if (!fs_info->allocated_ebs.next)
                return;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&fs_info->eb_leak_lock, flags);
        while (!list_empty(&fs_info->allocated_ebs)) {
                eb = list_first_entry(&fs_info->allocated_ebs,
                                      struct extent_buffer, leak_list);
                pr_err(
        "BTRFS: buffer leak start %llu len %lu refs %d bflags %lu owner %llu\n",
                       eb->start, eb->len, atomic_read(&eb->refs), eb->bflags,
                       btrfs_header_owner(eb));
                list_del(&eb->leak_list);
                kmem_cache_free(extent_buffer_cache, eb);
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fs_info->eb_leak_lock, flags);
}

static inline void btrfs_extent_state_leak_debug_check(void)
{
        struct extent_state *state;

        while (!list_empty(&states)) {
                state = list_entry(states.next, struct extent_state, leak_list);
                pr_err("BTRFS: state leak: start %llu end %llu state %u in tree %d refs %d\n",
                       state->start, state->end, state->state,
                       extent_state_in_tree(state),
                       refcount_read(&state->refs));
                list_del(&state->leak_list);
                kmem_cache_free(extent_state_cache, state);
        }
}

#define btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(tree, start, end)             \
        __btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(__func__, (tree), (start), (end))
static inline void __btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(const char *caller,
                struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        struct inode *inode = tree->private_data;
        u64 isize;

        if (!inode || !is_data_inode(inode))
                return;

        isize = i_size_read(inode);
        if (end >= PAGE_SIZE && (end % 2) == 0 && end != isize - 1) {
                btrfs_debug_rl(BTRFS_I(inode)->root->fs_info,
                    "%s: ino %llu isize %llu odd range [%llu,%llu]",
                        caller, btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(inode)), isize, start, end);
        }
}
#else
#define btrfs_leak_debug_add(lock, new, head)   do {} while (0)
#define btrfs_leak_debug_del(lock, entry)       do {} while (0)
#define btrfs_extent_state_leak_debug_check()   do {} while (0)
#define btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(c, s, e)      do {} while (0)
#endif

struct tree_entry {
        u64 start;
        u64 end;
        struct rb_node rb_node;
};

struct extent_page_data {
        struct btrfs_bio_ctrl bio_ctrl;
        /* tells writepage not to lock the state bits for this range
         * it still does the unlocking
         */
        unsigned int extent_locked:1;

        /* tells the submit_bio code to use REQ_SYNC */
        unsigned int sync_io:1;
};

static int add_extent_changeset(struct extent_state *state, u32 bits,
                                 struct extent_changeset *changeset,
                                 int set)
{
        int ret;

        if (!changeset)
                return 0;
        if (set && (state->state & bits) == bits)
                return 0;
        if (!set && (state->state & bits) == 0)
                return 0;
        changeset->bytes_changed += state->end - state->start + 1;
        ret = ulist_add(&changeset->range_changed, state->start, state->end,
                        GFP_ATOMIC);
        return ret;
}

int __must_check submit_one_bio(struct bio *bio, int mirror_num,
                                unsigned long bio_flags)
{
        blk_status_t ret = 0;
        struct extent_io_tree *tree = bio->bi_private;

        bio->bi_private = NULL;

        /* Caller should ensure the bio has at least some range added */
        ASSERT(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
        if (is_data_inode(tree->private_data))
                ret = btrfs_submit_data_bio(tree->private_data, bio, mirror_num,
                                            bio_flags);
        else
                ret = btrfs_submit_metadata_bio(tree->private_data, bio,
                                                mirror_num, bio_flags);

        return blk_status_to_errno(ret);
}

/* Cleanup unsubmitted bios */
static void end_write_bio(struct extent_page_data *epd, int ret)
{
        struct bio *bio = epd->bio_ctrl.bio;

        if (bio) {
                bio->bi_status = errno_to_blk_status(ret);
                bio_endio(bio);
                epd->bio_ctrl.bio = NULL;
        }
}

/*
 * Submit bio from extent page data via submit_one_bio
 *
 * Return 0 if everything is OK.
 * Return <0 for error.
 */
static int __must_check flush_write_bio(struct extent_page_data *epd)
{
        int ret = 0;
        struct bio *bio = epd->bio_ctrl.bio;

        if (bio) {
                ret = submit_one_bio(bio, 0, 0);
                /*
                 * Clean up of epd->bio is handled by its endio function.
                 * And endio is either triggered by successful bio execution
                 * or the error handler of submit bio hook.
                 * So at this point, no matter what happened, we don't need
                 * to clean up epd->bio.
                 */
                epd->bio_ctrl.bio = NULL;
        }
        return ret;
}

int __init extent_state_cache_init(void)
{
        extent_state_cache = kmem_cache_create("btrfs_extent_state",
                        sizeof(struct extent_state), 0,
                        SLAB_MEM_SPREAD, NULL);
        if (!extent_state_cache)
                return -ENOMEM;
        return 0;
}

int __init extent_io_init(void)
{
        extent_buffer_cache = kmem_cache_create("btrfs_extent_buffer",
                        sizeof(struct extent_buffer), 0,
                        SLAB_MEM_SPREAD, NULL);
        if (!extent_buffer_cache)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (bioset_init(&btrfs_bioset, BIO_POOL_SIZE,
                        offsetof(struct btrfs_bio, bio),
                        BIOSET_NEED_BVECS))
                goto free_buffer_cache;

        if (bioset_integrity_create(&btrfs_bioset, BIO_POOL_SIZE))
                goto free_bioset;

        return 0;

free_bioset:
        bioset_exit(&btrfs_bioset);

free_buffer_cache:
        kmem_cache_destroy(extent_buffer_cache);
        extent_buffer_cache = NULL;
        return -ENOMEM;
}

void __cold extent_state_cache_exit(void)
{
        btrfs_extent_state_leak_debug_check();
        kmem_cache_destroy(extent_state_cache);
}

void __cold extent_io_exit(void)
{
        /*
         * Make sure all delayed rcu free are flushed before we
         * destroy caches.
         */
        rcu_barrier();
        kmem_cache_destroy(extent_buffer_cache);
        bioset_exit(&btrfs_bioset);
}

/*
 * For the file_extent_tree, we want to hold the inode lock when we lookup and
 * update the disk_i_size, but lockdep will complain because our io_tree we hold
 * the tree lock and get the inode lock when setting delalloc.  These two things
 * are unrelated, so make a class for the file_extent_tree so we don't get the
 * two locking patterns mixed up.
 */
static struct lock_class_key file_extent_tree_class;

void extent_io_tree_init(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
                         struct extent_io_tree *tree, unsigned int owner,
                         void *private_data)
{
        tree->fs_info = fs_info;
        tree->state = RB_ROOT;
        tree->dirty_bytes = 0;
        spin_lock_init(&tree->lock);
        tree->private_data = private_data;
        tree->owner = owner;
        if (owner == IO_TREE_INODE_FILE_EXTENT)
                lockdep_set_class(&tree->lock, &file_extent_tree_class);
}

void extent_io_tree_release(struct extent_io_tree *tree)
{
        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        /*
         * Do a single barrier for the waitqueue_active check here, the state
         * of the waitqueue should not change once extent_io_tree_release is
         * called.
         */
        smp_mb();
        while (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&tree->state)) {
                struct rb_node *node;
                struct extent_state *state;

                node = rb_first(&tree->state);
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                rb_erase(&state->rb_node, &tree->state);
                RB_CLEAR_NODE(&state->rb_node);
                /*
                 * btree io trees aren't supposed to have tasks waiting for
                 * changes in the flags of extent states ever.
                 */
                ASSERT(!waitqueue_active(&state->wq));
                free_extent_state(state);

                cond_resched_lock(&tree->lock);
        }
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
}

static struct extent_state *alloc_extent_state(gfp_t mask)
{
        struct extent_state *state;

        /*
         * The given mask might be not appropriate for the slab allocator,
         * drop the unsupported bits
         */
        mask &= ~(__GFP_DMA32|__GFP_HIGHMEM);
        state = kmem_cache_alloc(extent_state_cache, mask);
        if (!state)
                return state;
        state->state = 0;
        state->failrec = NULL;
        RB_CLEAR_NODE(&state->rb_node);
        btrfs_leak_debug_add(&leak_lock, &state->leak_list, &states);
        refcount_set(&state->refs, 1);
        init_waitqueue_head(&state->wq);
        trace_alloc_extent_state(state, mask, _RET_IP_);
        return state;
}

void free_extent_state(struct extent_state *state)
{
        if (!state)
                return;
        if (refcount_dec_and_test(&state->refs)) {
                WARN_ON(extent_state_in_tree(state));
                btrfs_leak_debug_del(&leak_lock, &state->leak_list);
                trace_free_extent_state(state, _RET_IP_);
                kmem_cache_free(extent_state_cache, state);
        }
}

static struct rb_node *tree_insert(struct rb_root *root,
                                   struct rb_node *search_start,
                                   u64 offset,
                                   struct rb_node *node,
                                   struct rb_node ***p_in,
                                   struct rb_node **parent_in)
{
        struct rb_node **p;
        struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
        struct tree_entry *entry;

        if (p_in && parent_in) {
                p = *p_in;
                parent = *parent_in;
                goto do_insert;
        }

        p = search_start ? &search_start : &root->rb_node;
        while (*p) {
                parent = *p;
                entry = rb_entry(parent, struct tree_entry, rb_node);

                if (offset < entry->start)
                        p = &(*p)->rb_left;
                else if (offset > entry->end)
                        p = &(*p)->rb_right;
                else
                        return parent;
        }

do_insert:
        rb_link_node(node, parent, p);
        rb_insert_color(node, root);
        return NULL;
}

/**
 * Search @tree for an entry that contains @offset. Such entry would have
 * entry->start <= offset && entry->end >= offset.
 *
 * @tree:       the tree to search
 * @offset:     offset that should fall within an entry in @tree
 * @next_ret:   pointer to the first entry whose range ends after @offset
 * @prev_ret:   pointer to the first entry whose range begins before @offset
 * @p_ret:      pointer where new node should be anchored (used when inserting an
 *              entry in the tree)
 * @parent_ret: points to entry which would have been the parent of the entry,
 *               containing @offset
 *
 * This function returns a pointer to the entry that contains @offset byte
 * address. If no such entry exists, then NULL is returned and the other
 * pointer arguments to the function are filled, otherwise the found entry is
 * returned and other pointers are left untouched.
 */
static struct rb_node *__etree_search(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 offset,
                                      struct rb_node **next_ret,
                                      struct rb_node **prev_ret,
                                      struct rb_node ***p_ret,
                                      struct rb_node **parent_ret)
{
        struct rb_root *root = &tree->state;
        struct rb_node **n = &root->rb_node;
        struct rb_node *prev = NULL;
        struct rb_node *orig_prev = NULL;
        struct tree_entry *entry;
        struct tree_entry *prev_entry = NULL;

        while (*n) {
                prev = *n;
                entry = rb_entry(prev, struct tree_entry, rb_node);
                prev_entry = entry;

                if (offset < entry->start)
                        n = &(*n)->rb_left;
                else if (offset > entry->end)
                        n = &(*n)->rb_right;
                else
                        return *n;
        }

        if (p_ret)
                *p_ret = n;
        if (parent_ret)
                *parent_ret = prev;

        if (next_ret) {
                orig_prev = prev;
                while (prev && offset > prev_entry->end) {
                        prev = rb_next(prev);
                        prev_entry = rb_entry(prev, struct tree_entry, rb_node);
                }
                *next_ret = prev;
                prev = orig_prev;
        }

        if (prev_ret) {
                prev_entry = rb_entry(prev, struct tree_entry, rb_node);
                while (prev && offset < prev_entry->start) {
                        prev = rb_prev(prev);
                        prev_entry = rb_entry(prev, struct tree_entry, rb_node);
                }
                *prev_ret = prev;
        }
        return NULL;
}

static inline struct rb_node *
tree_search_for_insert(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                       u64 offset,
                       struct rb_node ***p_ret,
                       struct rb_node **parent_ret)
{
        struct rb_node *next= NULL;
        struct rb_node *ret;

        ret = __etree_search(tree, offset, &next, NULL, p_ret, parent_ret);
        if (!ret)
                return next;
        return ret;
}

static inline struct rb_node *tree_search(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                                          u64 offset)
{
        return tree_search_for_insert(tree, offset, NULL, NULL);
}

/*
 * utility function to look for merge candidates inside a given range.
 * Any extents with matching state are merged together into a single
 * extent in the tree.  Extents with EXTENT_IO in their state field
 * are not merged because the end_io handlers need to be able to do
 * operations on them without sleeping (or doing allocations/splits).
 *
 * This should be called with the tree lock held.
 */
static void merge_state(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                        struct extent_state *state)
{
        struct extent_state *other;
        struct rb_node *other_node;

        if (state->state & (EXTENT_LOCKED | EXTENT_BOUNDARY))
                return;

        other_node = rb_prev(&state->rb_node);
        if (other_node) {
                other = rb_entry(other_node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                if (other->end == state->start - 1 &&
                    other->state == state->state) {
                        if (tree->private_data &&
                            is_data_inode(tree->private_data))
                                btrfs_merge_delalloc_extent(tree->private_data,
                                                            state, other);
                        state->start = other->start;
                        rb_erase(&other->rb_node, &tree->state);
                        RB_CLEAR_NODE(&other->rb_node);
                        free_extent_state(other);
                }
        }
        other_node = rb_next(&state->rb_node);
        if (other_node) {
                other = rb_entry(other_node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                if (other->start == state->end + 1 &&
                    other->state == state->state) {
                        if (tree->private_data &&
                            is_data_inode(tree->private_data))
                                btrfs_merge_delalloc_extent(tree->private_data,
                                                            state, other);
                        state->end = other->end;
                        rb_erase(&other->rb_node, &tree->state);
                        RB_CLEAR_NODE(&other->rb_node);
                        free_extent_state(other);
                }
        }
}

static void set_state_bits(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                           struct extent_state *state, u32 *bits,
                           struct extent_changeset *changeset);

/*
 * insert an extent_state struct into the tree.  'bits' are set on the
 * struct before it is inserted.
 *
 * This may return -EEXIST if the extent is already there, in which case the
 * state struct is freed.
 *
 * The tree lock is not taken internally.  This is a utility function and
 * probably isn't what you want to call (see set/clear_extent_bit).
 */
static int insert_state(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                        struct extent_state *state, u64 start, u64 end,
                        struct rb_node ***p,
                        struct rb_node **parent,
                        u32 *bits, struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        struct rb_node *node;

        if (end < start) {
                btrfs_err(tree->fs_info,
                        "insert state: end < start %llu %llu", end, start);
                WARN_ON(1);
        }
        state->start = start;
        state->end = end;

        set_state_bits(tree, state, bits, changeset);

        node = tree_insert(&tree->state, NULL, end, &state->rb_node, p, parent);
        if (node) {
                struct extent_state *found;
                found = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                btrfs_err(tree->fs_info,
                       "found node %llu %llu on insert of %llu %llu",
                       found->start, found->end, start, end);
                return -EEXIST;
        }
        merge_state(tree, state);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * split a given extent state struct in two, inserting the preallocated
 * struct 'prealloc' as the newly created second half.  'split' indicates an
 * offset inside 'orig' where it should be split.
 *
 * Before calling,
 * the tree has 'orig' at [orig->start, orig->end].  After calling, there
 * are two extent state structs in the tree:
 * prealloc: [orig->start, split - 1]
 * orig: [ split, orig->end ]
 *
 * The tree locks are not taken by this function. They need to be held
 * by the caller.
 */
static int split_state(struct extent_io_tree *tree, struct extent_state *orig,
                       struct extent_state *prealloc, u64 split)
{
        struct rb_node *node;

        if (tree->private_data && is_data_inode(tree->private_data))
                btrfs_split_delalloc_extent(tree->private_data, orig, split);

        prealloc->start = orig->start;
        prealloc->end = split - 1;
        prealloc->state = orig->state;
        orig->start = split;

        node = tree_insert(&tree->state, &orig->rb_node, prealloc->end,
                           &prealloc->rb_node, NULL, NULL);
        if (node) {
                free_extent_state(prealloc);
                return -EEXIST;
        }
        return 0;
}

static struct extent_state *next_state(struct extent_state *state)
{
        struct rb_node *next = rb_next(&state->rb_node);
        if (next)
                return rb_entry(next, struct extent_state, rb_node);
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*
 * utility function to clear some bits in an extent state struct.
 * it will optionally wake up anyone waiting on this state (wake == 1).
 *
 * If no bits are set on the state struct after clearing things, the
 * struct is freed and removed from the tree
 */
static struct extent_state *clear_state_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                                            struct extent_state *state,
                                            u32 *bits, int wake,
                                            struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        struct extent_state *next;
        u32 bits_to_clear = *bits & ~EXTENT_CTLBITS;
        int ret;

        if ((bits_to_clear & EXTENT_DIRTY) && (state->state & EXTENT_DIRTY)) {
                u64 range = state->end - state->start + 1;
                WARN_ON(range > tree->dirty_bytes);
                tree->dirty_bytes -= range;
        }

        if (tree->private_data && is_data_inode(tree->private_data))
                btrfs_clear_delalloc_extent(tree->private_data, state, bits);

        ret = add_extent_changeset(state, bits_to_clear, changeset, 0);
        BUG_ON(ret < 0);
        state->state &= ~bits_to_clear;
        if (wake)
                wake_up(&state->wq);
        if (state->state == 0) {
                next = next_state(state);
                if (extent_state_in_tree(state)) {
                        rb_erase(&state->rb_node, &tree->state);
                        RB_CLEAR_NODE(&state->rb_node);
                        free_extent_state(state);
                } else {
                        WARN_ON(1);
                }
        } else {
                merge_state(tree, state);
                next = next_state(state);
        }
        return next;
}

static struct extent_state *
alloc_extent_state_atomic(struct extent_state *prealloc)
{
        if (!prealloc)
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state(GFP_ATOMIC);

        return prealloc;
}

static void extent_io_tree_panic(struct extent_io_tree *tree, int err)
{
        btrfs_panic(tree->fs_info, err,
        "locking error: extent tree was modified by another thread while locked");
}

/*
 * clear some bits on a range in the tree.  This may require splitting
 * or inserting elements in the tree, so the gfp mask is used to
 * indicate which allocations or sleeping are allowed.
 *
 * pass 'wake' == 1 to kick any sleepers, and 'delete' == 1 to remove
 * the given range from the tree regardless of state (ie for truncate).
 *
 * the range [start, end] is inclusive.
 *
 * This takes the tree lock, and returns 0 on success and < 0 on error.
 */
int __clear_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                       u32 bits, int wake, int delete,
                       struct extent_state **cached_state,
                       gfp_t mask, struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        struct extent_state *cached;
        struct extent_state *prealloc = NULL;
        struct rb_node *node;
        u64 last_end;
        int err;
        int clear = 0;

        btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(tree, start, end);
        trace_btrfs_clear_extent_bit(tree, start, end - start + 1, bits);

        if (bits & EXTENT_DELALLOC)
                bits |= EXTENT_NORESERVE;

        if (delete)
                bits |= ~EXTENT_CTLBITS;

        if (bits & (EXTENT_LOCKED | EXTENT_BOUNDARY))
                clear = 1;
again:
        if (!prealloc && gfpflags_allow_blocking(mask)) {
                /*
                 * Don't care for allocation failure here because we might end
                 * up not needing the pre-allocated extent state at all, which
                 * is the case if we only have in the tree extent states that
                 * cover our input range and don't cover too any other range.
                 * If we end up needing a new extent state we allocate it later.
                 */
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state(mask);
        }

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        if (cached_state) {
                cached = *cached_state;

                if (clear) {
                        *cached_state = NULL;
                        cached_state = NULL;
                }

                if (cached && extent_state_in_tree(cached) &&
                    cached->start <= start && cached->end > start) {
                        if (clear)
                                refcount_dec(&cached->refs);
                        state = cached;
                        goto hit_next;
                }
                if (clear)
                        free_extent_state(cached);
        }
        /*
         * this search will find the extents that end after
         * our range starts
         */
        node = tree_search(tree, start);
        if (!node)
                goto out;
        state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
hit_next:
        if (state->start > end)
                goto out;
        WARN_ON(state->end < start);
        last_end = state->end;

        /* the state doesn't have the wanted bits, go ahead */
        if (!(state->state & bits)) {
                state = next_state(state);
                goto next;
        }

        /*
         *     | ---- desired range ---- |
         *  | state | or
         *  | ------------- state -------------- |
         *
         * We need to split the extent we found, and may flip
         * bits on second half.
         *
         * If the extent we found extends past our range, we
         * just split and search again.  It'll get split again
         * the next time though.
         *
         * If the extent we found is inside our range, we clear
         * the desired bit on it.
         */

        if (state->start < start) {
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                BUG_ON(!prealloc);
                err = split_state(tree, state, prealloc, start);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                prealloc = NULL;
                if (err)
                        goto out;
                if (state->end <= end) {
                        state = clear_state_bit(tree, state, &bits, wake,
                                                changeset);
                        goto next;
                }
                goto search_again;
        }
        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         *                        | state |
         * We need to split the extent, and clear the bit
         * on the first half
         */
        if (state->start <= end && state->end > end) {
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                BUG_ON(!prealloc);
                err = split_state(tree, state, prealloc, end + 1);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                if (wake)
                        wake_up(&state->wq);

                clear_state_bit(tree, prealloc, &bits, wake, changeset);

                prealloc = NULL;
                goto out;
        }

        state = clear_state_bit(tree, state, &bits, wake, changeset);
next:
        if (last_end == (u64)-1)
                goto out;
        start = last_end + 1;
        if (start <= end && state && !need_resched())
                goto hit_next;

search_again:
        if (start > end)
                goto out;
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        if (gfpflags_allow_blocking(mask))
                cond_resched();
        goto again;

out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        if (prealloc)
                free_extent_state(prealloc);

        return 0;

}

static void wait_on_state(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                          struct extent_state *state)
                __releases(tree->lock)
                __acquires(tree->lock)
{
        DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
        prepare_to_wait(&state->wq, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        schedule();
        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        finish_wait(&state->wq, &wait);
}

/*
 * waits for one or more bits to clear on a range in the state tree.
 * The range [start, end] is inclusive.
 * The tree lock is taken by this function
 */
static void wait_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                            u32 bits)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        struct rb_node *node;

        btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(tree, start, end);

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
again:
        while (1) {
                /*
                 * this search will find all the extents that end after
                 * our range starts
                 */
                node = tree_search(tree, start);
process_node:
                if (!node)
                        break;

                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);

                if (state->start > end)
                        goto out;

                if (state->state & bits) {
                        start = state->start;
                        refcount_inc(&state->refs);
                        wait_on_state(tree, state);
                        free_extent_state(state);
                        goto again;
                }
                start = state->end + 1;

                if (start > end)
                        break;

                if (!cond_resched_lock(&tree->lock)) {
                        node = rb_next(node);
                        goto process_node;
                }
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
}

static void set_state_bits(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                           struct extent_state *state,
                           u32 *bits, struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        u32 bits_to_set = *bits & ~EXTENT_CTLBITS;
        int ret;

        if (tree->private_data && is_data_inode(tree->private_data))
                btrfs_set_delalloc_extent(tree->private_data, state, bits);

        if ((bits_to_set & EXTENT_DIRTY) && !(state->state & EXTENT_DIRTY)) {
                u64 range = state->end - state->start + 1;
                tree->dirty_bytes += range;
        }
        ret = add_extent_changeset(state, bits_to_set, changeset, 1);
        BUG_ON(ret < 0);
        state->state |= bits_to_set;
}

static void cache_state_if_flags(struct extent_state *state,
                                 struct extent_state **cached_ptr,
                                 unsigned flags)
{
        if (cached_ptr && !(*cached_ptr)) {
                if (!flags || (state->state & flags)) {
                        *cached_ptr = state;
                        refcount_inc(&state->refs);
                }
        }
}

static void cache_state(struct extent_state *state,
                        struct extent_state **cached_ptr)
{
        return cache_state_if_flags(state, cached_ptr,
                                    EXTENT_LOCKED | EXTENT_BOUNDARY);
}

/*
 * set some bits on a range in the tree.  This may require allocations or
 * sleeping, so the gfp mask is used to indicate what is allowed.
 *
 * If any of the exclusive bits are set, this will fail with -EEXIST if some
 * part of the range already has the desired bits set.  The start of the
 * existing range is returned in failed_start in this case.
 *
 * [start, end] is inclusive This takes the tree lock.
 */
int set_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end, u32 bits,
                   u32 exclusive_bits, u64 *failed_start,
                   struct extent_state **cached_state, gfp_t mask,
                   struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        struct extent_state *prealloc = NULL;
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct rb_node **p;
        struct rb_node *parent;
        int err = 0;
        u64 last_start;
        u64 last_end;

        btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(tree, start, end);
        trace_btrfs_set_extent_bit(tree, start, end - start + 1, bits);

        if (exclusive_bits)
                ASSERT(failed_start);
        else
                ASSERT(failed_start == NULL);
again:
        if (!prealloc && gfpflags_allow_blocking(mask)) {
                /*
                 * Don't care for allocation failure here because we might end
                 * up not needing the pre-allocated extent state at all, which
                 * is the case if we only have in the tree extent states that
                 * cover our input range and don't cover too any other range.
                 * If we end up needing a new extent state we allocate it later.
                 */

                prealloc = alloc_extent_state(mask);
        }

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        if (cached_state && *cached_state) {
                state = *cached_state;
                if (state->start <= start && state->end > start &&
                    extent_state_in_tree(state)) {
                        node = &state->rb_node;
                        goto hit_next;
                }
        }
        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search_for_insert(tree, start, &p, &parent);
        if (!node) {
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                BUG_ON(!prealloc);
                err = insert_state(tree, prealloc, start, end,
                                   &p, &parent, &bits, changeset);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                cache_state(prealloc, cached_state);
                prealloc = NULL;
                goto out;
        }
        state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
hit_next:
        last_start = state->start;
        last_end = state->end;

        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         * | state |
         *
         * Just lock what we found and keep going
         */
        if (state->start == start && state->end <= end) {
                if (state->state & exclusive_bits) {
                        *failed_start = state->start;
                        err = -EEXIST;
                        goto out;
                }

                set_state_bits(tree, state, &bits, changeset);
                cache_state(state, cached_state);
                merge_state(tree, state);
                if (last_end == (u64)-1)
                        goto out;
                start = last_end + 1;
                state = next_state(state);
                if (start < end && state && state->start == start &&
                    !need_resched())
                        goto hit_next;
                goto search_again;
        }

        /*
         *     | ---- desired range ---- |
         * | state |
         *   or
         * | ------------- state -------------- |
         *
         * We need to split the extent we found, and may flip bits on
         * second half.
         *
         * If the extent we found extends past our
         * range, we just split and search again.  It'll get split
         * again the next time though.
         *
         * If the extent we found is inside our range, we set the
         * desired bit on it.
         */
        if (state->start < start) {
                if (state->state & exclusive_bits) {
                        *failed_start = start;
                        err = -EEXIST;
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * If this extent already has all the bits we want set, then
                 * skip it, not necessary to split it or do anything with it.
                 */
                if ((state->state & bits) == bits) {
                        start = state->end + 1;
                        cache_state(state, cached_state);
                        goto search_again;
                }

                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                BUG_ON(!prealloc);
                err = split_state(tree, state, prealloc, start);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                prealloc = NULL;
                if (err)
                        goto out;
                if (state->end <= end) {
                        set_state_bits(tree, state, &bits, changeset);
                        cache_state(state, cached_state);
                        merge_state(tree, state);
                        if (last_end == (u64)-1)
                                goto out;
                        start = last_end + 1;
                        state = next_state(state);
                        if (start < end && state && state->start == start &&
                            !need_resched())
                                goto hit_next;
                }
                goto search_again;
        }
        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         *     | state | or               | state |
         *
         * There's a hole, we need to insert something in it and
         * ignore the extent we found.
         */
        if (state->start > start) {
                u64 this_end;
                if (end < last_start)
                        this_end = end;
                else
                        this_end = last_start - 1;

                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                BUG_ON(!prealloc);

                /*
                 * Avoid to free 'prealloc' if it can be merged with
                 * the later extent.
                 */
                err = insert_state(tree, prealloc, start, this_end,
                                   NULL, NULL, &bits, changeset);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                cache_state(prealloc, cached_state);
                prealloc = NULL;
                start = this_end + 1;
                goto search_again;
        }
        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         *                        | state |
         * We need to split the extent, and set the bit
         * on the first half
         */
        if (state->start <= end && state->end > end) {
                if (state->state & exclusive_bits) {
                        *failed_start = start;
                        err = -EEXIST;
                        goto out;
                }

                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                BUG_ON(!prealloc);
                err = split_state(tree, state, prealloc, end + 1);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                set_state_bits(tree, prealloc, &bits, changeset);
                cache_state(prealloc, cached_state);
                merge_state(tree, prealloc);
                prealloc = NULL;
                goto out;
        }

search_again:
        if (start > end)
                goto out;
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        if (gfpflags_allow_blocking(mask))
                cond_resched();
        goto again;

out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        if (prealloc)
                free_extent_state(prealloc);

        return err;

}

/**
 * convert_extent_bit - convert all bits in a given range from one bit to
 *                      another
 * @tree:       the io tree to search
 * @start:      the start offset in bytes
 * @end:        the end offset in bytes (inclusive)
 * @bits:       the bits to set in this range
 * @clear_bits: the bits to clear in this range
 * @cached_state:       state that we're going to cache
 *
 * This will go through and set bits for the given range.  If any states exist
 * already in this range they are set with the given bit and cleared of the
 * clear_bits.  This is only meant to be used by things that are mergeable, ie
 * converting from say DELALLOC to DIRTY.  This is not meant to be used with
 * boundary bits like LOCK.
 *
 * All allocations are done with GFP_NOFS.
 */
int convert_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                       u32 bits, u32 clear_bits,
                       struct extent_state **cached_state)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        struct extent_state *prealloc = NULL;
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct rb_node **p;
        struct rb_node *parent;
        int err = 0;
        u64 last_start;
        u64 last_end;
        bool first_iteration = true;

        btrfs_debug_check_extent_io_range(tree, start, end);
        trace_btrfs_convert_extent_bit(tree, start, end - start + 1, bits,
                                       clear_bits);

again:
        if (!prealloc) {
                /*
                 * Best effort, don't worry if extent state allocation fails
                 * here for the first iteration. We might have a cached state
                 * that matches exactly the target range, in which case no
                 * extent state allocations are needed. We'll only know this
                 * after locking the tree.
                 */
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state(GFP_NOFS);
                if (!prealloc && !first_iteration)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        if (cached_state && *cached_state) {
                state = *cached_state;
                if (state->start <= start && state->end > start &&
                    extent_state_in_tree(state)) {
                        node = &state->rb_node;
                        goto hit_next;
                }
        }

        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search_for_insert(tree, start, &p, &parent);
        if (!node) {
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                if (!prealloc) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }
                err = insert_state(tree, prealloc, start, end,
                                   &p, &parent, &bits, NULL);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);
                cache_state(prealloc, cached_state);
                prealloc = NULL;
                goto out;
        }
        state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
hit_next:
        last_start = state->start;
        last_end = state->end;

        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         * | state |
         *
         * Just lock what we found and keep going
         */
        if (state->start == start && state->end <= end) {
                set_state_bits(tree, state, &bits, NULL);
                cache_state(state, cached_state);
                state = clear_state_bit(tree, state, &clear_bits, 0, NULL);
                if (last_end == (u64)-1)
                        goto out;
                start = last_end + 1;
                if (start < end && state && state->start == start &&
                    !need_resched())
                        goto hit_next;
                goto search_again;
        }

        /*
         *     | ---- desired range ---- |
         * | state |
         *   or
         * | ------------- state -------------- |
         *
         * We need to split the extent we found, and may flip bits on
         * second half.
         *
         * If the extent we found extends past our
         * range, we just split and search again.  It'll get split
         * again the next time though.
         *
         * If the extent we found is inside our range, we set the
         * desired bit on it.
         */
        if (state->start < start) {
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                if (!prealloc) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }
                err = split_state(tree, state, prealloc, start);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);
                prealloc = NULL;
                if (err)
                        goto out;
                if (state->end <= end) {
                        set_state_bits(tree, state, &bits, NULL);
                        cache_state(state, cached_state);
                        state = clear_state_bit(tree, state, &clear_bits, 0,
                                                NULL);
                        if (last_end == (u64)-1)
                                goto out;
                        start = last_end + 1;
                        if (start < end && state && state->start == start &&
                            !need_resched())
                                goto hit_next;
                }
                goto search_again;
        }
        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         *     | state | or               | state |
         *
         * There's a hole, we need to insert something in it and
         * ignore the extent we found.
         */
        if (state->start > start) {
                u64 this_end;
                if (end < last_start)
                        this_end = end;
                else
                        this_end = last_start - 1;

                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                if (!prealloc) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * Avoid to free 'prealloc' if it can be merged with
                 * the later extent.
                 */
                err = insert_state(tree, prealloc, start, this_end,
                                   NULL, NULL, &bits, NULL);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);
                cache_state(prealloc, cached_state);
                prealloc = NULL;
                start = this_end + 1;
                goto search_again;
        }
        /*
         * | ---- desired range ---- |
         *                        | state |
         * We need to split the extent, and set the bit
         * on the first half
         */
        if (state->start <= end && state->end > end) {
                prealloc = alloc_extent_state_atomic(prealloc);
                if (!prealloc) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }

                err = split_state(tree, state, prealloc, end + 1);
                if (err)
                        extent_io_tree_panic(tree, err);

                set_state_bits(tree, prealloc, &bits, NULL);
                cache_state(prealloc, cached_state);
                clear_state_bit(tree, prealloc, &clear_bits, 0, NULL);
                prealloc = NULL;
                goto out;
        }

search_again:
        if (start > end)
                goto out;
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        cond_resched();
        first_iteration = false;
        goto again;

out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        if (prealloc)
                free_extent_state(prealloc);

        return err;
}

/* wrappers around set/clear extent bit */
int set_record_extent_bits(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                           u32 bits, struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        /*
         * We don't support EXTENT_LOCKED yet, as current changeset will
         * record any bits changed, so for EXTENT_LOCKED case, it will
         * either fail with -EEXIST or changeset will record the whole
         * range.
         */
        BUG_ON(bits & EXTENT_LOCKED);

        return set_extent_bit(tree, start, end, bits, 0, NULL, NULL, GFP_NOFS,
                              changeset);
}

int set_extent_bits_nowait(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                           u32 bits)
{
        return set_extent_bit(tree, start, end, bits, 0, NULL, NULL,
                              GFP_NOWAIT, NULL);
}

int clear_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                     u32 bits, int wake, int delete,
                     struct extent_state **cached)
{
        return __clear_extent_bit(tree, start, end, bits, wake, delete,
                                  cached, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
}

int clear_record_extent_bits(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                u32 bits, struct extent_changeset *changeset)
{
        /*
         * Don't support EXTENT_LOCKED case, same reason as
         * set_record_extent_bits().
         */
        BUG_ON(bits & EXTENT_LOCKED);

        return __clear_extent_bit(tree, start, end, bits, 0, 0, NULL, GFP_NOFS,
                                  changeset);
}

/*
 * either insert or lock state struct between start and end use mask to tell
 * us if waiting is desired.
 */
int lock_extent_bits(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                     struct extent_state **cached_state)
{
        int err;
        u64 failed_start;

        while (1) {
                err = set_extent_bit(tree, start, end, EXTENT_LOCKED,
                                     EXTENT_LOCKED, &failed_start,
                                     cached_state, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
                if (err == -EEXIST) {
                        wait_extent_bit(tree, failed_start, end, EXTENT_LOCKED);
                        start = failed_start;
                } else
                        break;
                WARN_ON(start > end);
        }
        return err;
}

int try_lock_extent(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        int err;
        u64 failed_start;

        err = set_extent_bit(tree, start, end, EXTENT_LOCKED, EXTENT_LOCKED,
                             &failed_start, NULL, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
        if (err == -EEXIST) {
                if (failed_start > start)
                        clear_extent_bit(tree, start, failed_start - 1,
                                         EXTENT_LOCKED, 1, 0, NULL);
                return 0;
        }
        return 1;
}

void extent_range_clear_dirty_for_io(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        unsigned long index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        unsigned long end_index = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        struct page *page;

        while (index <= end_index) {
                page = find_get_page(inode->i_mapping, index);
                BUG_ON(!page); /* Pages should be in the extent_io_tree */
                clear_page_dirty_for_io(page);
                put_page(page);
                index++;
        }
}

void extent_range_redirty_for_io(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        unsigned long index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        unsigned long end_index = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        struct page *page;

        while (index <= end_index) {
                page = find_get_page(inode->i_mapping, index);
                BUG_ON(!page); /* Pages should be in the extent_io_tree */
                __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page);
                account_page_redirty(page);
                put_page(page);
                index++;
        }
}

/* find the first state struct with 'bits' set after 'start', and
 * return it.  tree->lock must be held.  NULL will returned if
 * nothing was found after 'start'
 */
static struct extent_state *
find_first_extent_bit_state(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u32 bits)
{
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct extent_state *state;

        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search(tree, start);
        if (!node)
                goto out;

        while (1) {
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                if (state->end >= start && (state->state & bits))
                        return state;

                node = rb_next(node);
                if (!node)
                        break;
        }
out:
        return NULL;
}

/*
 * Find the first offset in the io tree with one or more @bits set.
 *
 * Note: If there are multiple bits set in @bits, any of them will match.
 *
 * Return 0 if we find something, and update @start_ret and @end_ret.
 * Return 1 if we found nothing.
 */
int find_first_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start,
                          u64 *start_ret, u64 *end_ret, u32 bits,
                          struct extent_state **cached_state)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        int ret = 1;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        if (cached_state && *cached_state) {
                state = *cached_state;
                if (state->end == start - 1 && extent_state_in_tree(state)) {
                        while ((state = next_state(state)) != NULL) {
                                if (state->state & bits)
                                        goto got_it;
                        }
                        free_extent_state(*cached_state);
                        *cached_state = NULL;
                        goto out;
                }
                free_extent_state(*cached_state);
                *cached_state = NULL;
        }

        state = find_first_extent_bit_state(tree, start, bits);
got_it:
        if (state) {
                cache_state_if_flags(state, cached_state, 0);
                *start_ret = state->start;
                *end_ret = state->end;
                ret = 0;
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return ret;
}

/**
 * Find a contiguous area of bits
 *
 * @tree:      io tree to check
 * @start:     offset to start the search from
 * @start_ret: the first offset we found with the bits set
 * @end_ret:   the final contiguous range of the bits that were set
 * @bits:      bits to look for
 *
 * set_extent_bit and clear_extent_bit can temporarily split contiguous ranges
 * to set bits appropriately, and then merge them again.  During this time it
 * will drop the tree->lock, so use this helper if you want to find the actual
 * contiguous area for given bits.  We will search to the first bit we find, and
 * then walk down the tree until we find a non-contiguous area.  The area
 * returned will be the full contiguous area with the bits set.
 */
int find_contiguous_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start,
                               u64 *start_ret, u64 *end_ret, u32 bits)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        int ret = 1;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        state = find_first_extent_bit_state(tree, start, bits);
        if (state) {
                *start_ret = state->start;
                *end_ret = state->end;
                while ((state = next_state(state)) != NULL) {
                        if (state->start > (*end_ret + 1))
                                break;
                        *end_ret = state->end;
                }
                ret = 0;
        }
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return ret;
}

/**
 * Find the first range that has @bits not set. This range could start before
 * @start.
 *
 * @tree:      the tree to search
 * @start:     offset at/after which the found extent should start
 * @start_ret: records the beginning of the range
 * @end_ret:   records the end of the range (inclusive)
 * @bits:      the set of bits which must be unset
 *
 * Since unallocated range is also considered one which doesn't have the bits
 * set it's possible that @end_ret contains -1, this happens in case the range
 * spans (last_range_end, end of device]. In this case it's up to the caller to
 * trim @end_ret to the appropriate size.
 */
void find_first_clear_extent_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start,
                                 u64 *start_ret, u64 *end_ret, u32 bits)
{
        struct extent_state *state;
        struct rb_node *node, *prev = NULL, *next;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);

        /* Find first extent with bits cleared */
        while (1) {
                node = __etree_search(tree, start, &next, &prev, NULL, NULL);
                if (!node && !next && !prev) {
                        /*
                         * Tree is completely empty, send full range and let
                         * caller deal with it
                         */
                        *start_ret = 0;
                        *end_ret = -1;
                        goto out;
                } else if (!node && !next) {
                        /*
                         * We are past the last allocated chunk, set start at
                         * the end of the last extent.
                         */
                        state = rb_entry(prev, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                        *start_ret = state->end + 1;
                        *end_ret = -1;
                        goto out;
                } else if (!node) {
                        node = next;
                }
                /*
                 * At this point 'node' either contains 'start' or start is
                 * before 'node'
                 */
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);

                if (in_range(start, state->start, state->end - state->start + 1)) {
                        if (state->state & bits) {
                                /*
                                 * |--range with bits sets--|
                                 *    |
                                 *    start
                                 */
                                start = state->end + 1;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * 'start' falls within a range that doesn't
                                 * have the bits set, so take its start as
                                 * the beginning of the desired range
                                 *
                                 * |--range with bits cleared----|
                                 *      |
                                 *      start
                                 */
                                *start_ret = state->start;
                                break;
                        }
                } else {
                        /*
                         * |---prev range---|---hole/unset---|---node range---|
                         *                          |
                         *                        start
                         *
                         *                        or
                         *
                         * |---hole/unset--||--first node--|
                         * 0   |
                         *    start
                         */
                        if (prev) {
                                state = rb_entry(prev, struct extent_state,
                                                 rb_node);
                                *start_ret = state->end + 1;
                        } else {
                                *start_ret = 0;
                        }
                        break;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Find the longest stretch from start until an entry which has the
         * bits set
         */
        while (1) {
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                if (state->end >= start && !(state->state & bits)) {
                        *end_ret = state->end;
                } else {
                        *end_ret = state->start - 1;
                        break;
                }

                node = rb_next(node);
                if (!node)
                        break;
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
}

/*
 * find a contiguous range of bytes in the file marked as delalloc, not
 * more than 'max_bytes'.  start and end are used to return the range,
 *
 * true is returned if we find something, false if nothing was in the tree
 */
bool btrfs_find_delalloc_range(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 *start,
                               u64 *end, u64 max_bytes,
                               struct extent_state **cached_state)
{
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct extent_state *state;
        u64 cur_start = *start;
        bool found = false;
        u64 total_bytes = 0;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);

        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search(tree, cur_start);
        if (!node) {
                *end = (u64)-1;
                goto out;
        }

        while (1) {
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                if (found && (state->start != cur_start ||
                              (state->state & EXTENT_BOUNDARY))) {
                        goto out;
                }
                if (!(state->state & EXTENT_DELALLOC)) {
                        if (!found)
                                *end = state->end;
                        goto out;
                }
                if (!found) {
                        *start = state->start;
                        *cached_state = state;
                        refcount_inc(&state->refs);
                }
                found = true;
                *end = state->end;
                cur_start = state->end + 1;
                node = rb_next(node);
                total_bytes += state->end - state->start + 1;
                if (total_bytes >= max_bytes)
                        break;
                if (!node)
                        break;
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return found;
}

/*
 * Process one page for __process_pages_contig().
 *
 * Return >0 if we hit @page == @locked_page.
 * Return 0 if we updated the page status.
 * Return -EGAIN if the we need to try again.
 * (For PAGE_LOCK case but got dirty page or page not belong to mapping)
 */
static int process_one_page(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
                            struct address_space *mapping,
                            struct page *page, struct page *locked_page,
                            unsigned long page_ops, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        u32 len;

        ASSERT(end + 1 - start != 0 && end + 1 - start < U32_MAX);
        len = end + 1 - start;

        if (page_ops & PAGE_SET_ORDERED)
                btrfs_page_clamp_set_ordered(fs_info, page, start, len);
        if (page_ops & PAGE_SET_ERROR)
                btrfs_page_clamp_set_error(fs_info, page, start, len);
        if (page_ops & PAGE_START_WRITEBACK) {
                btrfs_page_clamp_clear_dirty(fs_info, page, start, len);
                btrfs_page_clamp_set_writeback(fs_info, page, start, len);
        }
        if (page_ops & PAGE_END_WRITEBACK)
                btrfs_page_clamp_clear_writeback(fs_info, page, start, len);

        if (page == locked_page)
                return 1;

        if (page_ops & PAGE_LOCK) {
                int ret;

                ret = btrfs_page_start_writer_lock(fs_info, page, start, len);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                if (!PageDirty(page) || page->mapping != mapping) {
                        btrfs_page_end_writer_lock(fs_info, page, start, len);
                        return -EAGAIN;
                }
        }
        if (page_ops & PAGE_UNLOCK)
                btrfs_page_end_writer_lock(fs_info, page, start, len);
        return 0;
}

static int __process_pages_contig(struct address_space *mapping,
                                  struct page *locked_page,
                                  u64 start, u64 end, unsigned long page_ops,
                                  u64 *processed_end)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(mapping->host->i_sb);
        pgoff_t start_index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        pgoff_t end_index = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        pgoff_t index = start_index;
        unsigned long nr_pages = end_index - start_index + 1;
        unsigned long pages_processed = 0;
        struct page *pages[16];
        int err = 0;
        int i;

        if (page_ops & PAGE_LOCK) {
                ASSERT(page_ops == PAGE_LOCK);
                ASSERT(processed_end && *processed_end == start);
        }

        if ((page_ops & PAGE_SET_ERROR) && nr_pages > 0)
                mapping_set_error(mapping, -EIO);

        while (nr_pages > 0) {
                int found_pages;

                found_pages = find_get_pages_contig(mapping, index,
                                     min_t(unsigned long,
                                     nr_pages, ARRAY_SIZE(pages)), pages);
                if (found_pages == 0) {
                        /*
                         * Only if we're going to lock these pages, we can find
                         * nothing at @index.
                         */
                        ASSERT(page_ops & PAGE_LOCK);
                        err = -EAGAIN;
                        goto out;
                }

                for (i = 0; i < found_pages; i++) {
                        int process_ret;

                        process_ret = process_one_page(fs_info, mapping,
                                        pages[i], locked_page, page_ops,
                                        start, end);
                        if (process_ret < 0) {
                                for (; i < found_pages; i++)
                                        put_page(pages[i]);
                                err = -EAGAIN;
                                goto out;
                        }
                        put_page(pages[i]);
                        pages_processed++;
                }
                nr_pages -= found_pages;
                index += found_pages;
                cond_resched();
        }
out:
        if (err && processed_end) {
                /*
                 * Update @processed_end. I know this is awful since it has
                 * two different return value patterns (inclusive vs exclusive).
                 *
                 * But the exclusive pattern is necessary if @start is 0, or we
                 * underflow and check against processed_end won't work as
                 * expected.
                 */
                if (pages_processed)
                        *processed_end = min(end,
                        ((u64)(start_index + pages_processed) << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
                else
                        *processed_end = start;
        }
        return err;
}

static noinline void __unlock_for_delalloc(struct inode *inode,
                                           struct page *locked_page,
                                           u64 start, u64 end)
{
        unsigned long index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        unsigned long end_index = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;

        ASSERT(locked_page);
        if (index == locked_page->index && end_index == index)
                return;

        __process_pages_contig(inode->i_mapping, locked_page, start, end,
                               PAGE_UNLOCK, NULL);
}

static noinline int lock_delalloc_pages(struct inode *inode,
                                        struct page *locked_page,
                                        u64 delalloc_start,
                                        u64 delalloc_end)
{
        unsigned long index = delalloc_start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        unsigned long end_index = delalloc_end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        u64 processed_end = delalloc_start;
        int ret;

        ASSERT(locked_page);
        if (index == locked_page->index && index == end_index)
                return 0;

        ret = __process_pages_contig(inode->i_mapping, locked_page, delalloc_start,
                                     delalloc_end, PAGE_LOCK, &processed_end);
        if (ret == -EAGAIN && processed_end > delalloc_start)
                __unlock_for_delalloc(inode, locked_page, delalloc_start,
                                      processed_end);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Find and lock a contiguous range of bytes in the file marked as delalloc, no
 * more than @max_bytes.
 *
 * @start:      The original start bytenr to search.
 *              Will store the extent range start bytenr.
 * @end:        The original end bytenr of the search range
 *              Will store the extent range end bytenr.
 *
 * Return true if we find a delalloc range which starts inside the original
 * range, and @start/@end will store the delalloc range start/end.
 *
 * Return false if we can't find any delalloc range which starts inside the
 * original range, and @start/@end will be the non-delalloc range start/end.
 */
EXPORT_FOR_TESTS
noinline_for_stack bool find_lock_delalloc_range(struct inode *inode,
                                    struct page *locked_page, u64 *start,
                                    u64 *end)
{
        struct extent_io_tree *tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree;
        const u64 orig_start = *start;
        const u64 orig_end = *end;
        u64 max_bytes = BTRFS_MAX_EXTENT_SIZE;
        u64 delalloc_start;
        u64 delalloc_end;

        bool found;
        struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
        int ret;
        int loops = 0;

        /* Caller should pass a valid @end to indicate the search range end */
        ASSERT(orig_end > orig_start);

        /* The range should at least cover part of the page */
        ASSERT(!(orig_start >= page_offset(locked_page) + PAGE_SIZE ||
                 orig_end <= page_offset(locked_page)));
again:
        /* step one, find a bunch of delalloc bytes starting at start */
        delalloc_start = *start;
        delalloc_end = 0;
        found = btrfs_find_delalloc_range(tree, &delalloc_start, &delalloc_end,
                                          max_bytes, &cached_state);
        if (!found || delalloc_end <= *start || delalloc_start > orig_end) {
                *start = delalloc_start;

                /* @delalloc_end can be -1, never go beyond @orig_end */
                *end = min(delalloc_end, orig_end);
                free_extent_state(cached_state);
                return false;
        }

        /*
         * start comes from the offset of locked_page.  We have to lock
         * pages in order, so we can't process delalloc bytes before
         * locked_page
         */
        if (delalloc_start < *start)
                delalloc_start = *start;

        /*
         * make sure to limit the number of pages we try to lock down
         */
        if (delalloc_end + 1 - delalloc_start > max_bytes)
                delalloc_end = delalloc_start + max_bytes - 1;

        /* step two, lock all the pages after the page that has start */
        ret = lock_delalloc_pages(inode, locked_page,
                                  delalloc_start, delalloc_end);
        ASSERT(!ret || ret == -EAGAIN);
        if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
                /* some of the pages are gone, lets avoid looping by
                 * shortening the size of the delalloc range we're searching
                 */
                free_extent_state(cached_state);
                cached_state = NULL;
                if (!loops) {
                        max_bytes = PAGE_SIZE;
                        loops = 1;
                        goto again;
                } else {
                        found = false;
                        goto out_failed;
                }
        }

        /* step three, lock the state bits for the whole range */
        lock_extent_bits(tree, delalloc_start, delalloc_end, &cached_state);

        /* then test to make sure it is all still delalloc */
        ret = test_range_bit(tree, delalloc_start, delalloc_end,
                             EXTENT_DELALLOC, 1, cached_state);
        if (!ret) {
                unlock_extent_cached(tree, delalloc_start, delalloc_end,
                                     &cached_state);
                __unlock_for_delalloc(inode, locked_page,
                              delalloc_start, delalloc_end);
                cond_resched();
                goto again;
        }
        free_extent_state(cached_state);
        *start = delalloc_start;
        *end = delalloc_end;
out_failed:
        return found;
}

void extent_clear_unlock_delalloc(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
                                  struct page *locked_page,
                                  u32 clear_bits, unsigned long page_ops)
{
        clear_extent_bit(&inode->io_tree, start, end, clear_bits, 1, 0, NULL);

        __process_pages_contig(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping, locked_page,
                               start, end, page_ops, NULL);
}

/*
 * count the number of bytes in the tree that have a given bit(s)
 * set.  This can be fairly slow, except for EXTENT_DIRTY which is
 * cached.  The total number found is returned.
 */
u64 count_range_bits(struct extent_io_tree *tree,
                     u64 *start, u64 search_end, u64 max_bytes,
                     u32 bits, int contig)
{
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct extent_state *state;
        u64 cur_start = *start;
        u64 total_bytes = 0;
        u64 last = 0;
        int found = 0;

        if (WARN_ON(search_end <= cur_start))
                return 0;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        if (cur_start == 0 && bits == EXTENT_DIRTY) {
                total_bytes = tree->dirty_bytes;
                goto out;
        }
        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search(tree, cur_start);
        if (!node)
                goto out;

        while (1) {
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
                if (state->start > search_end)
                        break;
                if (contig && found && state->start > last + 1)
                        break;
                if (state->end >= cur_start && (state->state & bits) == bits) {
                        total_bytes += min(search_end, state->end) + 1 -
                                       max(cur_start, state->start);
                        if (total_bytes >= max_bytes)
                                break;
                        if (!found) {
                                *start = max(cur_start, state->start);
                                found = 1;
                        }
                        last = state->end;
                } else if (contig && found) {
                        break;
                }
                node = rb_next(node);
                if (!node)
                        break;
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return total_bytes;
}

/*
 * set the private field for a given byte offset in the tree.  If there isn't
 * an extent_state there already, this does nothing.
 */
int set_state_failrec(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start,
                      struct io_failure_record *failrec)
{
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct extent_state *state;
        int ret = 0;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search(tree, start);
        if (!node) {
                ret = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
        if (state->start != start) {
                ret = -ENOENT;
                goto out;
        }
        state->failrec = failrec;
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return ret;
}

struct io_failure_record *get_state_failrec(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start)
{
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct extent_state *state;
        struct io_failure_record *failrec;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        /*
         * this search will find all the extents that end after
         * our range starts.
         */
        node = tree_search(tree, start);
        if (!node) {
                failrec = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
                goto out;
        }
        state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);
        if (state->start != start) {
                failrec = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
                goto out;
        }

        failrec = state->failrec;
out:
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return failrec;
}

/*
 * searches a range in the state tree for a given mask.
 * If 'filled' == 1, this returns 1 only if every extent in the tree
 * has the bits set.  Otherwise, 1 is returned if any bit in the
 * range is found set.
 */
int test_range_bit(struct extent_io_tree *tree, u64 start, u64 end,
                   u32 bits, int filled, struct extent_state *cached)
{
        struct extent_state *state = NULL;
        struct rb_node *node;
        int bitset = 0;

        spin_lock(&tree->lock);
        if (cached && extent_state_in_tree(cached) && cached->start <= start &&
            cached->end > start)
                node = &cached->rb_node;
        else
                node = tree_search(tree, start);
        while (node && start <= end) {
                state = rb_entry(node, struct extent_state, rb_node);

                if (filled && state->start > start) {
                        bitset = 0;
                        break;
                }

                if (state->start > end)
                        break;

                if (state->state & bits) {
                        bitset = 1;
                        if (!filled)
                                break;
                } else if (filled) {
                        bitset = 0;
                        break;
                }

                if (state->end == (u64)-1)
                        break;

                start = state->end + 1;
                if (start > end)
                        break;
                node = rb_next(node);
                if (!node) {
                        if (filled)
                                bitset = 0;
                        break;
                }
        }
        spin_unlock(&tree->lock);
        return bitset;
}

int free_io_failure(struct extent_io_tree *failure_tree,
                    struct extent_io_tree *io_tree,
                    struct io_failure_record *rec)
{
        int ret;
        int err = 0;

        set_state_failrec(failure_tree, rec->start, NULL);
        ret = clear_extent_bits(failure_tree, rec->start,
                                rec->start + rec->len - 1,
                                EXTENT_LOCKED | EXTENT_DIRTY);
        if (ret)
                err = ret;

        ret = clear_extent_bits(io_tree, rec->start,
                                rec->start + rec->len - 1,
                                EXTENT_DAMAGED);
        if (ret && !err)
                err = ret;

        kfree(rec);
        return err;
}

/*
 * this bypasses the standard btrfs submit functions deliberately, as
 * the standard behavior is to write all copies in a raid setup. here we only
 * want to write the one bad copy. so we do the mapping for ourselves and issue
 * submit_bio directly.
 * to avoid any synchronization issues, wait for the data after writing, which
 * actually prevents the read that triggered the error from finishing.
 * currently, there can be no more than two copies of every data bit. thus,
 * exactly one rewrite is required.
 */
static int repair_io_failure(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 ino, u64 start,
                             u64 length, u64 logical, struct page *page,
                             unsigned int pg_offset, int mirror_num)
{
        struct bio *bio;
        struct btrfs_device *dev;
        u64 map_length = 0;
        u64 sector;
        struct btrfs_io_context *bioc = NULL;
        int ret;

        ASSERT(!(fs_info->sb->s_flags & SB_RDONLY));
        BUG_ON(!mirror_num);

        if (btrfs_repair_one_zone(fs_info, logical))
                return 0;

        bio = btrfs_bio_alloc(1);
        bio->bi_iter.bi_size = 0;
        map_length = length;

        /*
         * Avoid races with device replace and make sure our bioc has devices
         * associated to its stripes that don't go away while we are doing the
         * read repair operation.
         */
        btrfs_bio_counter_inc_blocked(fs_info);
        if (btrfs_is_parity_mirror(fs_info, logical, length)) {
                /*
                 * Note that we don't use BTRFS_MAP_WRITE because it's supposed
                 * to update all raid stripes, but here we just want to correct
                 * bad stripe, thus BTRFS_MAP_READ is abused to only get the bad
                 * stripe's dev and sector.
                 */
                ret = btrfs_map_block(fs_info, BTRFS_MAP_READ, logical,
                                      &map_length, &bioc, 0);
                if (ret) {
                        btrfs_bio_counter_dec(fs_info);
                        bio_put(bio);
                        return -EIO;
                }
                ASSERT(bioc->mirror_num == 1);
        } else {
                ret = btrfs_map_block(fs_info, BTRFS_MAP_WRITE, logical,
                                      &map_length, &bioc, mirror_num);
                if (ret) {
                        btrfs_bio_counter_dec(fs_info);
                        bio_put(bio);
                        return -EIO;
                }
                BUG_ON(mirror_num != bioc->mirror_num);
        }

        sector = bioc->stripes[bioc->mirror_num - 1].physical >> 9;
        bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = sector;
        dev = bioc->stripes[bioc->mirror_num - 1].dev;
        btrfs_put_bioc(bioc);
        if (!dev || !dev->bdev ||
            !test_bit(BTRFS_DEV_STATE_WRITEABLE, &dev->dev_state)) {
                btrfs_bio_counter_dec(fs_info);
                bio_put(bio);
                return -EIO;
        }
        bio_set_dev(bio, dev->bdev);
        bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC;
        bio_add_page(bio, page, length, pg_offset);

        if (btrfsic_submit_bio_wait(bio)) {
                /* try to remap that extent elsewhere? */
                btrfs_bio_counter_dec(fs_info);
                bio_put(bio);
                btrfs_dev_stat_inc_and_print(dev, BTRFS_DEV_STAT_WRITE_ERRS);
                return -EIO;
        }

        btrfs_info_rl_in_rcu(fs_info,
                "read error corrected: ino %llu off %llu (dev %s sector %llu)",
                                  ino, start,
                                  rcu_str_deref(dev->name), sector);
        btrfs_bio_counter_dec(fs_info);
        bio_put(bio);
        return 0;
}

int btrfs_repair_eb_io_failure(const struct extent_buffer *eb, int mirror_num)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = eb->fs_info;
        u64 start = eb->start;
        int i, num_pages = num_extent_pages(eb);
        int ret = 0;

        if (sb_rdonly(fs_info->sb))
                return -EROFS;

        for (i = 0; i < num_pages; i++) {
                struct page *p = eb->pages[i];

                ret = repair_io_failure(fs_info, 0, start, PAGE_SIZE, start, p,
                                        start - page_offset(p), mirror_num);
                if (ret)
                        break;
                start += PAGE_SIZE;
        }

        return ret;
}

/*
 * each time an IO finishes, we do a fast check in the IO failure tree
 * to see if we need to process or clean up an io_failure_record
 */
int clean_io_failure(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
                     struct extent_io_tree *failure_tree,
                     struct extent_io_tree *io_tree, u64 start,
                     struct page *page, u64 ino, unsigned int pg_offset)
{
        u64 private;
        struct io_failure_record *failrec;
        struct extent_state *state;
        int num_copies;
        int ret;

        private = 0;
        ret = count_range_bits(failure_tree, &private, (u64)-1, 1,
                               EXTENT_DIRTY, 0);
        if (!ret)
                return 0;

        failrec = get_state_failrec(failure_tree, start);
        if (IS_ERR(failrec))
                return 0;

        BUG_ON(!failrec->this_mirror);

        if (sb_rdonly(fs_info->sb))
                goto out;

        spin_lock(&io_tree->lock);
        state = find_first_extent_bit_state(io_tree,
                                            failrec->start,
                                            EXTENT_LOCKED);
        spin_unlock(&io_tree->lock);

        if (state && state->start <= failrec->start &&
            state->end >= failrec->start + failrec->len - 1) {
                num_copies = btrfs_num_copies(fs_info, failrec->logical,
                                              failrec->len);
                if (num_copies > 1)  {
                        repair_io_failure(fs_info, ino, start, failrec->len,
                                          failrec->logical, page, pg_offset,
                                          failrec->failed_mirror);
                }
        }

out:
        free_io_failure(failure_tree, io_tree, failrec);

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Can be called when
 * - hold extent lock
 * - under ordered extent
 * - the inode is freeing
 */
void btrfs_free_io_failure_record(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        struct extent_io_tree *failure_tree = &inode->io_failure_tree;
        struct io_failure_record *failrec;
        struct extent_state *state, *next;

        if (RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&failure_tree->state))
                return;

        spin_lock(&failure_tree->lock);
        state = find_first_extent_bit_state(failure_tree, start, EXTENT_DIRTY);
        while (state) {
                if (state->start > end)
                        break;

                ASSERT(state->end <= end);

                next = next_state(state);

                failrec = state->failrec;
                free_extent_state(state);
                kfree(failrec);

                state = next;
        }
        spin_unlock(&failure_tree->lock);
}

static struct io_failure_record *btrfs_get_io_failure_record(struct inode *inode,
                                                             u64 start)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(inode->i_sb);
        struct io_failure_record *failrec;
        struct extent_map *em;
        struct extent_io_tree *failure_tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->io_failure_tree;
        struct extent_io_tree *tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree;
        struct extent_map_tree *em_tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->extent_tree;
        const u32 sectorsize = fs_info->sectorsize;
        int ret;
        u64 logical;

        failrec = get_state_failrec(failure_tree, start);
        if (!IS_ERR(failrec)) {
                btrfs_debug(fs_info,
        "Get IO Failure Record: (found) logical=%llu, start=%llu, len=%llu",
                        failrec->logical, failrec->start, failrec->len);
                /*
                 * when data can be on disk more than twice, add to failrec here
                 * (e.g. with a list for failed_mirror) to make
                 * clean_io_failure() clean all those errors at once.
                 */

                return failrec;
        }

        failrec = kzalloc(sizeof(*failrec), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!failrec)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        failrec->start = start;
        failrec->len = sectorsize;
        failrec->this_mirror = 0;
        failrec->bio_flags = 0;

        read_lock(&em_tree->lock);
        em = lookup_extent_mapping(em_tree, start, failrec->len);
        if (!em) {
                read_unlock(&em_tree->lock);
                kfree(failrec);
                return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
        }

        if (em->start > start || em->start + em->len <= start) {
                free_extent_map(em);
                em = NULL;
        }
        read_unlock(&em_tree->lock);
        if (!em) {
                kfree(failrec);
                return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
        }

        logical = start - em->start;
        logical = em->block_start + logical;
        if (test_bit(EXTENT_FLAG_COMPRESSED, &em->flags)) {
                logical = em->block_start;
                failrec->bio_flags = EXTENT_BIO_COMPRESSED;
                extent_set_compress_type(&failrec->bio_flags, em->compress_type);
        }

        btrfs_debug(fs_info,
                    "Get IO Failure Record: (new) logical=%llu, start=%llu, len=%llu",
                    logical, start, failrec->len);

        failrec->logical = logical;
        free_extent_map(em);

        /* Set the bits in the private failure tree */
        ret = set_extent_bits(failure_tree, start, start + sectorsize - 1,
                              EXTENT_LOCKED | EXTENT_DIRTY);
        if (ret >= 0) {
                ret = set_state_failrec(failure_tree, start, failrec);
                /* Set the bits in the inode's tree */
                ret = set_extent_bits(tree, start, start + sectorsize - 1,
                                      EXTENT_DAMAGED);
        } else if (ret < 0) {
                kfree(failrec);
                return ERR_PTR(ret);
        }

        return failrec;
}

static bool btrfs_check_repairable(struct inode *inode,
                                   struct io_failure_record *failrec,
                                   int failed_mirror)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(inode->i_sb);
        int num_copies;

        num_copies = btrfs_num_copies(fs_info, failrec->logical, failrec->len);
        if (num_copies == 1) {
                /*
                 * we only have a single copy of the data, so don't bother with
                 * all the retry and error correction code that follows. no
                 * matter what the error is, it is very likely to persist.
                 */
                btrfs_debug(fs_info,
                        "Check Repairable: cannot repair, num_copies=%d, next_mirror %d, failed_mirror %d",
                        num_copies, failrec->this_mirror, failed_mirror);
                return false;
        }

        /* The failure record should only contain one sector */
        ASSERT(failrec->len == fs_info->sectorsize);

        /*
         * There are two premises:
         * a) deliver good data to the caller
         * b) correct the bad sectors on disk
         *
         * Since we're only doing repair for one sector, we only need to get
         * a good copy of the failed sector and if we succeed, we have setup
         * everything for repair_io_failure to do the rest for us.
         */
        failrec->failed_mirror = failed_mirror;
        failrec->this_mirror++;
        if (failrec->this_mirror == failed_mirror)
                failrec->this_mirror++;

        if (failrec->this_mirror > num_copies) {
                btrfs_debug(fs_info,
                        "Check Repairable: (fail) num_copies=%d, next_mirror %d, failed_mirror %d",
                        num_copies, failrec->this_mirror, failed_mirror);
                return false;
        }

        return true;
}

int btrfs_repair_one_sector(struct inode *inode,
                            struct bio *failed_bio, u32 bio_offset,
                            struct page *page, unsigned int pgoff,
                            u64 start, int failed_mirror,
                            submit_bio_hook_t *submit_bio_hook)
{
        struct io_failure_record *failrec;
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(inode->i_sb);
        struct extent_io_tree *tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree;
        struct extent_io_tree *failure_tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->io_failure_tree;
        struct btrfs_bio *failed_bbio = btrfs_bio(failed_bio);
        const int icsum = bio_offset >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
        struct bio *repair_bio;
        struct btrfs_bio *repair_bbio;
        blk_status_t status;

        btrfs_debug(fs_info,
                   "repair read error: read error at %llu", start);

        BUG_ON(bio_op(failed_bio) == REQ_OP_WRITE);

        failrec = btrfs_get_io_failure_record(inode, start);
        if (IS_ERR(failrec))
                return PTR_ERR(failrec);


        if (!btrfs_check_repairable(inode, failrec, failed_mirror)) {
                free_io_failure(failure_tree, tree, failrec);
                return -EIO;
        }

        repair_bio = btrfs_bio_alloc(1);
        repair_bbio = btrfs_bio(repair_bio);
        repair_bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_READ;
        repair_bio->bi_end_io = failed_bio->bi_end_io;
        repair_bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = failrec->logical >> 9;
        repair_bio->bi_private = failed_bio->bi_private;

        if (failed_bbio->csum) {
                const u32 csum_size = fs_info->csum_size;

                repair_bbio->csum = repair_bbio->csum_inline;
                memcpy(repair_bbio->csum,
                       failed_bbio->csum + csum_size * icsum, csum_size);
        }

        bio_add_page(repair_bio, page, failrec->len, pgoff);
        repair_bbio->iter = repair_bio->bi_iter;

        btrfs_debug(btrfs_sb(inode->i_sb),
                    "repair read error: submitting new read to mirror %d",
                    failrec->this_mirror);

        status = submit_bio_hook(inode, repair_bio, failrec->this_mirror,
                                 failrec->bio_flags);
        if (status) {
                free_io_failure(failure_tree, tree, failrec);
                bio_put(repair_bio);
        }
        return blk_status_to_errno(status);
}

static void end_page_read(struct page *page, bool uptodate, u64 start, u32 len)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(page->mapping->host->i_sb);

        ASSERT(page_offset(page) <= start &&
               start + len <= page_offset(page) + PAGE_SIZE);

        if (uptodate) {
                if (fsverity_active(page->mapping->host) &&
                    !PageError(page) &&
                    !PageUptodate(page) &&
                    start < i_size_read(page->mapping->host) &&
                    !fsverity_verify_page(page)) {
                        btrfs_page_set_error(fs_info, page, start, len);
                } else {
                        btrfs_page_set_uptodate(fs_info, page, start, len);
                }
        } else {
                btrfs_page_clear_uptodate(fs_info, page, start, len);
                btrfs_page_set_error(fs_info, page, start, len);
        }

        if (fs_info->sectorsize == PAGE_SIZE)
                unlock_page(page);
        else
                btrfs_subpage_end_reader(fs_info, page, start, len);
}

static blk_status_t submit_read_repair(struct inode *inode,
                                      struct bio *failed_bio, u32 bio_offset,
                                      struct page *page, unsigned int pgoff,
                                      u64 start, u64 end, int failed_mirror,
                                      unsigned int error_bitmap,
                                      submit_bio_hook_t *submit_bio_hook)
{
        struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(inode->i_sb);
        const u32 sectorsize = fs_info->sectorsize;
        const int nr_bits = (end + 1 - start) >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
        int error = 0;
        int i;

        BUG_ON(bio_op(failed_bio) == REQ_OP_WRITE);

        /* We're here because we had some read errors or csum mismatch */
        ASSERT(error_bitmap);

        /*
         * We only get called on buffered IO, thus page must be mapped and bio
         * must not be cloned.
         */
        ASSERT(page->mapping && !bio_flagged(failed_bio, BIO_CLONED));

        /* Iterate through all the sectors in the range */
        for (i = 0; i < nr_bits; i++) {
                const unsigned int offset = i * sectorsize;
                struct extent_state *cached = NULL;
                bool uptodate = false;
                int ret;

                if (!(error_bitmap & (1U << i))) {
                        /*
                         * This sector has no error, just end the page read
                         * and unlock the range.
                         */
                        uptodate = true;
                        goto next;
                }

                ret = btrfs_repair_one_sector(inode, failed_bio,
                                bio_offset + offset,
                                page, pgoff + offset, start + offset,
                                failed_mirror, submit_bio_hook);
                if (!ret) {
                        /*
                         * We have submitted the read repair, the page release
                         * will be handled by the endio function of the
                         * submitted repair bio.
                         * Thus we don't need to do any thing here.
                         */
                        continue;
                }
                /*
                 * Repair failed, just record the error but still continue.
                 * Or the remaining sectors will not be properly unlocked.
                 */
                if (!error)
                        error = ret;
next:
                end_page_read(page, uptodate, start + offset, sectorsize);
                if (uptodate)
                        set_extent_uptodate(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree,
                                        start + offset,
                                        start + offset + sectorsize - 1,
                                        &cached, GFP_ATOMIC);
                unlock_extent_cached_atomic(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree,
                                start + offset,
                                start + offset + sectorsize - 1,
                                &cached);
        }
        return errno_to_blk_status(error);
}

/* lots and lots of room for performance fixes in the end_bio funcs */

void end_extent_writepage(struct page *page, int err, u64 start, u64 end)
{
        struct btrfs_inode *inode;
        const bool uptodate = (err == 0);
        int ret = 0;

        ASSERT(page && page->mapping);
        inode = BTRFS_I(page->mapping->host);
        btrfs_writepage_endio_finish_ordered(inode, page, start, end, uptodate);

        if (!uptodate) {
                const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
                u32 len;

                ASSERT(end + 1 - start <= U32_MAX);
                len = end + 1 - start;

                btrfs_page_clear_uptodate(fs_info, page, start, len);
                btrfs_page_set_error(fs_info, page, start, len);
                ret = err < 0 ? err : -EIO;
                mapping_set_error(page->mapping, ret);
        }
}

/*
 * after a writepage IO is done, we need to:
 * clear the uptodate bits on error
 * clear the writeback bits in the extent tree for this IO
 * end_page_writeback if the page has no more pending IO
 *
 * Scheduling is not allowed, so the extent state tree is expected
 * to have one and only one object corresponding to this IO.
 */
static void end_bio_extent_writepage(struct bio *bio)
{
        int error = blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status);
        struct bio_vec *bvec;
        u64 start;
        u64 end;
        struct bvec_iter_all iter_all;
        bool first_bvec = true;

        ASSERT(!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_CLONED));
        bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, bio, iter_all) {
                struct page *page = bvec->bv_page;
                struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
                struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = btrfs_sb(inode->i_sb);
                const u32 sectorsize = fs_info->sectorsize;

                /* Our read/write should always be sector aligned. */
                if (!IS_ALIGNED(bvec->bv_offset, sectorsize))
                        btrfs_err(fs_info,
                "partial page write in btrfs with offset %u and length %u",
                                  bvec->bv_offset, bvec->bv_len);
                else if (!IS_ALIGNED(bvec->bv_len, sectorsize))
                        btrfs_info(fs_info,
                "incomplete page write with offset %u and length %u",
                                   bvec->bv_offset, bvec->bv_len);

                start = page_offset(page) + bvec->bv_offset;
                end = start + bvec->bv_len - 1;

                if (first_bvec) {
                        btrfs_record_physical_zoned(inode, start, bio);
                        first_bvec = false;
                }

                end_extent_writepage(page, error, start, end);

                btrfs_page_clear_writeback(fs_info, page, start, bvec->bv_len);
        }

        bio_put(bio);
}

/*
 * Record previously processed extent range
 *
 * For endio_readpage_release_extent() to handle a full extent range, reducing
 * the extent io operations.
 */
struct processed_extent {
        struct btrfs_inode *inode;
        /* Start of the range in @inode */
        u64 start;
        /* End of the range in @inode */
        u64 end;
        bool uptodate;
};

/*
 * Try to release processed extent range
 *
 * May not release the extent range right now if the current range is
 * contiguous to processed extent.
 *
 * Will release processed extent when any of @inode, @uptodate, the range is
 * no longer contiguous to the processed range.
 *
 * Passing @inode == NULL will force processed extent to be released.
 */
static void endio_readpage_release_extent(struct processed_extent *processed,
                              struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
                              bool uptodate)
{
        struct extent_state *cached = NULL;
        struct extent_io_tree *tree;

        /* The first extent, initialize @processed */
        if (!processed->inode)
                goto update;

        /*
         * Contiguous to processed extent, just uptodate the end.
         *
         * Several things to notice:
         *
         * - bio can be merged as long as on-disk bytenr is contiguous
         *   This means we can have page belonging to other inodes, thus need to
         *   check if the inode still matches.
         * - bvec can contain range beyond current page for multi-page bvec
         *   Thus we need to do processed->end + 1 >= start check
         */
        if (processed->inode == inode && processed->uptodate == uptodate &&
            processed->end + 1 >= start && end >= processed->end) {
                processed->end = end;
                return;
        }

        tree = &processed->inode->io_tree;
        /*
         * Now we don't have range contiguous to the processed range, release
         * the processed range now.
         */
        if (processed->uptodate && tree->track_uptodate)
                set_extent_uptodate(tree, processed->start, processed->end,
                                    &cached, GFP_ATOMIC);
        unlock_extent_cached_atomic(tree, processed->start, processed->end,
                                    &cached);

update:
        /* Update processed to current range */
        processed->inode = inode;
        processed->start = start;
        processed->end = end;
        processed->uptodate = uptodate;
}

static void begin_page_read(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct page *page)
{
        ASSERT(PageLocked(page));
        if (fs_info->sectorsize == PAGE_SIZE)
                return;

        ASSERT(PagePrivate(page));
        btrfs_subpage_start_reader(fs_info, page, page_offset(page), PAGE_SIZE);
}

/*
 * Find extent buffer for a givne bytenr.
 *
 * This is for end_bio_extent_readpage(), thus we can't do any unsafe locking
 * in endio context.
 */
static struct extent_buffer *find_extent_buffer_readpage(
                struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, struct page *page, u64 bytenr)
{
        struct extent_buffer *eb;

        /*
         * For regular sectorsize, we can use page->private to grab extent
         * buffer
         */
        if (fs_info->sectorsize == PAGE_SIZE) {
                ASSERT(PagePrivate(page) && page->private);
                return (struct extent_buffer *)page->private;
        }

        /* For subpage case, we need to lookup buffer radix tree */
        rcu_read_lock();
        eb = radix_tree_lookup(&fs_info->buffer_radix,
                               bytenr >> fs_info->sectorsize_bits);
        rcu_read_unlock();
        ASSERT(eb);
        return eb;
}

/*
 * after a readpage IO is done, we need to:
 * clear the uptodate bits on error
 * set the uptodate bits if things worked
 * set the page up to date if all extents in the tree are uptodate
 * clear the lock bit in the extent tree
 * unlock the page if there are no other extents locked for it
 *
 * Scheduling is not allowed, so the extent state tree is expected
 * to have one and only one object corresponding to this IO.
 */
static void end_bio_extent_readpage(struct bio *bio)
{
        struct bio_vec *bvec;
        struct btrfs_bio *bbio = btrfs_bio(bio);
        struct extent_io_tree *tree, *failure_tree;
        struct processed_extent processed = { 0 };
        /*
         * The offset to the beginning of a bio, since one bio can never be
         * larger than UINT_MAX, u32 here is enough.