linux/arch/x86/kernel/kexec-bzimage64.c
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   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2/*
   3 * Kexec bzImage loader
   4 *
   5 * Copyright (C) 2014 Red Hat Inc.
   6 * Authors:
   7 *      Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
   8 */
   9
  10#define pr_fmt(fmt)     "kexec-bzImage64: " fmt
  11
  12#include <linux/string.h>
  13#include <linux/printk.h>
  14#include <linux/errno.h>
  15#include <linux/slab.h>
  16#include <linux/kexec.h>
  17#include <linux/kernel.h>
  18#include <linux/mm.h>
  19#include <linux/efi.h>
  20#include <linux/verification.h>
  21
  22#include <asm/bootparam.h>
  23#include <asm/setup.h>
  24#include <asm/crash.h>
  25#include <asm/efi.h>
  26#include <asm/e820/api.h>
  27#include <asm/kexec-bzimage64.h>
  28
  29#define MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN  30      /* elfcorehdr=0x<64bit-value> */
  30
  31/*
  32 * Defines lowest physical address for various segments. Not sure where
  33 * exactly these limits came from. Current bzimage64 loader in kexec-tools
  34 * uses these so I am retaining it. It can be changed over time as we gain
  35 * more insight.
  36 */
  37#define MIN_PURGATORY_ADDR      0x3000
  38#define MIN_BOOTPARAM_ADDR      0x3000
  39#define MIN_KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x100000
  40#define MIN_INITRD_LOAD_ADDR    0x1000000
  41
  42/*
  43 * This is a place holder for all boot loader specific data structure which
  44 * gets allocated in one call but gets freed much later during cleanup
  45 * time. Right now there is only one field but it can grow as need be.
  46 */
  47struct bzimage64_data {
  48        /*
  49         * Temporary buffer to hold bootparams buffer. This should be
  50         * freed once the bootparam segment has been loaded.
  51         */
  52        void *bootparams_buf;
  53};
  54
  55static int setup_initrd(struct boot_params *params,
  56                unsigned long initrd_load_addr, unsigned long initrd_len)
  57{
  58        params->hdr.ramdisk_image = initrd_load_addr & 0xffffffffUL;
  59        params->hdr.ramdisk_size = initrd_len & 0xffffffffUL;
  60
  61        params->ext_ramdisk_image = initrd_load_addr >> 32;
  62        params->ext_ramdisk_size = initrd_len >> 32;
  63
  64        return 0;
  65}
  66
  67static int setup_cmdline(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params,
  68                         unsigned long bootparams_load_addr,
  69                         unsigned long cmdline_offset, char *cmdline,
  70                         unsigned long cmdline_len)
  71{
  72        char *cmdline_ptr = ((char *)params) + cmdline_offset;
  73        unsigned long cmdline_ptr_phys, len = 0;
  74        uint32_t cmdline_low_32, cmdline_ext_32;
  75
  76        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
  77                len = sprintf(cmdline_ptr,
  78                        "elfcorehdr=0x%lx ", image->elf_load_addr);
  79        }
  80        memcpy(cmdline_ptr + len, cmdline, cmdline_len);
  81        cmdline_len += len;
  82
  83        cmdline_ptr[cmdline_len - 1] = '\0';
  84
  85        pr_debug("Final command line is: %s\n", cmdline_ptr);
  86        cmdline_ptr_phys = bootparams_load_addr + cmdline_offset;
  87        cmdline_low_32 = cmdline_ptr_phys & 0xffffffffUL;
  88        cmdline_ext_32 = cmdline_ptr_phys >> 32;
  89
  90        params->hdr.cmd_line_ptr = cmdline_low_32;
  91        if (cmdline_ext_32)
  92                params->ext_cmd_line_ptr = cmdline_ext_32;
  93
  94        return 0;
  95}
  96
  97static int setup_e820_entries(struct boot_params *params)
  98{
  99        unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
 100
 101        nr_e820_entries = e820_table_kexec->nr_entries;
 102
 103        /* TODO: Pass entries more than E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE in bootparams setup data */
 104        if (nr_e820_entries > E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE)
 105                nr_e820_entries = E820_MAX_ENTRIES_ZEROPAGE;
 106
 107        params->e820_entries = nr_e820_entries;
 108        memcpy(&params->e820_table, &e820_table_kexec->entries, nr_e820_entries*sizeof(struct e820_entry));
 109
 110        return 0;
 111}
 112
 113#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 114static int setup_efi_info_memmap(struct boot_params *params,
 115                                  unsigned long params_load_addr,
 116                                  unsigned int efi_map_offset,
 117                                  unsigned int efi_map_sz)
 118{
 119        void *efi_map = (void *)params + efi_map_offset;
 120        unsigned long efi_map_phys_addr = params_load_addr + efi_map_offset;
 121        struct efi_info *ei = &params->efi_info;
 122
 123        if (!efi_map_sz)
 124                return 0;
 125
 126        efi_runtime_map_copy(efi_map, efi_map_sz);
 127
 128        ei->efi_memmap = efi_map_phys_addr & 0xffffffff;
 129        ei->efi_memmap_hi = efi_map_phys_addr >> 32;
 130        ei->efi_memmap_size = efi_map_sz;
 131
 132        return 0;
 133}
 134
 135static int
 136prepare_add_efi_setup_data(struct boot_params *params,
 137                       unsigned long params_load_addr,
 138                       unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 139{
 140        unsigned long setup_data_phys;
 141        struct setup_data *sd = (void *)params + efi_setup_data_offset;
 142        struct efi_setup_data *esd = (void *)sd + sizeof(struct setup_data);
 143
 144        esd->fw_vendor = efi_fw_vendor;
 145        esd->tables = efi_config_table;
 146        esd->smbios = efi.smbios;
 147
 148        sd->type = SETUP_EFI;
 149        sd->len = sizeof(struct efi_setup_data);
 150
 151        /* Add setup data */
 152        setup_data_phys = params_load_addr + efi_setup_data_offset;
 153        sd->next = params->hdr.setup_data;
 154        params->hdr.setup_data = setup_data_phys;
 155
 156        return 0;
 157}
 158
 159static int
 160setup_efi_state(struct boot_params *params, unsigned long params_load_addr,
 161                unsigned int efi_map_offset, unsigned int efi_map_sz,
 162                unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 163{
 164        struct efi_info *current_ei = &boot_params.efi_info;
 165        struct efi_info *ei = &params->efi_info;
 166
 167        if (!efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
 168                return 0;
 169
 170        if (!current_ei->efi_memmap_size)
 171                return 0;
 172
 173        params->secure_boot = boot_params.secure_boot;
 174        ei->efi_loader_signature = current_ei->efi_loader_signature;
 175        ei->efi_systab = current_ei->efi_systab;
 176        ei->efi_systab_hi = current_ei->efi_systab_hi;
 177
 178        ei->efi_memdesc_version = current_ei->efi_memdesc_version;
 179        ei->efi_memdesc_size = efi_get_runtime_map_desc_size();
 180
 181        setup_efi_info_memmap(params, params_load_addr, efi_map_offset,
 182                              efi_map_sz);
 183        prepare_add_efi_setup_data(params, params_load_addr,
 184                                   efi_setup_data_offset);
 185        return 0;
 186}
 187#endif /* CONFIG_EFI */
 188
 189static int
 190setup_boot_parameters(struct kimage *image, struct boot_params *params,
 191                      unsigned long params_load_addr,
 192                      unsigned int efi_map_offset, unsigned int efi_map_sz,
 193                      unsigned int efi_setup_data_offset)
 194{
 195        unsigned int nr_e820_entries;
 196        unsigned long long mem_k, start, end;
 197        int i, ret = 0;
 198
 199        /* Get subarch from existing bootparams */
 200        params->hdr.hardware_subarch = boot_params.hdr.hardware_subarch;
 201
 202        /* Copying screen_info will do? */
 203        memcpy(&params->screen_info, &screen_info, sizeof(struct screen_info));
 204
 205        /* Fill in memsize later */
 206        params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = 0;
 207        params->alt_mem_k = 0;
 208
 209        /* Always fill in RSDP: it is either 0 or a valid value */
 210        params->acpi_rsdp_addr = boot_params.acpi_rsdp_addr;
 211
 212        /* Default APM info */
 213        memset(&params->apm_bios_info, 0, sizeof(params->apm_bios_info));
 214
 215        /* Default drive info */
 216        memset(&params->hd0_info, 0, sizeof(params->hd0_info));
 217        memset(&params->hd1_info, 0, sizeof(params->hd1_info));
 218
 219        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
 220                ret = crash_setup_memmap_entries(image, params);
 221                if (ret)
 222                        return ret;
 223        } else
 224                setup_e820_entries(params);
 225
 226        nr_e820_entries = params->e820_entries;
 227
 228        for (i = 0; i < nr_e820_entries; i++) {
 229                if (params->e820_table[i].type != E820_TYPE_RAM)
 230                        continue;
 231                start = params->e820_table[i].addr;
 232                end = params->e820_table[i].addr + params->e820_table[i].size - 1;
 233
 234                if ((start <= 0x100000) && end > 0x100000) {
 235                        mem_k = (end >> 10) - (0x100000 >> 10);
 236                        params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = mem_k;
 237                        params->alt_mem_k = mem_k;
 238                        if (mem_k > 0xfc00)
 239                                params->screen_info.ext_mem_k = 0xfc00; /* 64M*/
 240                        if (mem_k > 0xffffffff)
 241                                params->alt_mem_k = 0xffffffff;
 242                }
 243        }
 244
 245#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 246        /* Setup EFI state */
 247        setup_efi_state(params, params_load_addr, efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz,
 248                        efi_setup_data_offset);
 249#endif
 250        /* Setup EDD info */
 251        memcpy(params->eddbuf, boot_params.eddbuf,
 252                                EDDMAXNR * sizeof(struct edd_info));
 253        params->eddbuf_entries = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
 254
 255        memcpy(params->edd_mbr_sig_buffer, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
 256               EDD_MBR_SIG_MAX * sizeof(unsigned int));
 257
 258        return ret;
 259}
 260
 261static int bzImage64_probe(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
 262{
 263        int ret = -ENOEXEC;
 264        struct setup_header *header;
 265
 266        /* kernel should be at least two sectors long */
 267        if (len < 2 * 512) {
 268                pr_err("File is too short to be a bzImage\n");
 269                return ret;
 270        }
 271
 272        header = (struct setup_header *)(buf + offsetof(struct boot_params, hdr));
 273        if (memcmp((char *)&header->header, "HdrS", 4) != 0) {
 274                pr_err("Not a bzImage\n");
 275                return ret;
 276        }
 277
 278        if (header->boot_flag != 0xAA55) {
 279                pr_err("No x86 boot sector present\n");
 280                return ret;
 281        }
 282
 283        if (header->version < 0x020C) {
 284                pr_err("Must be at least protocol version 2.12\n");
 285                return ret;
 286        }
 287
 288        if (!(header->loadflags & LOADED_HIGH)) {
 289                pr_err("zImage not a bzImage\n");
 290                return ret;
 291        }
 292
 293        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_KERNEL_64)) {
 294                pr_err("Not a bzImage64. XLF_KERNEL_64 is not set.\n");
 295                return ret;
 296        }
 297
 298        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G)) {
 299                pr_err("XLF_CAN_BE_LOADED_ABOVE_4G is not set.\n");
 300                return ret;
 301        }
 302
 303        /*
 304         * Can't handle 32bit EFI as it does not allow loading kernel
 305         * above 4G. This should be handled by 32bit bzImage loader
 306         */
 307        if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES) && !efi_enabled(EFI_64BIT)) {
 308                pr_debug("EFI is 32 bit. Can't load kernel above 4G.\n");
 309                return ret;
 310        }
 311
 312        if (!(header->xloadflags & XLF_5LEVEL) && pgtable_l5_enabled()) {
 313                pr_err("bzImage cannot handle 5-level paging mode.\n");
 314                return ret;
 315        }
 316
 317        /* I've got a bzImage */
 318        pr_debug("It's a relocatable bzImage64\n");
 319        ret = 0;
 320
 321        return ret;
 322}
 323
 324static void *bzImage64_load(struct kimage *image, char *kernel,
 325                            unsigned long kernel_len, char *initrd,
 326                            unsigned long initrd_len, char *cmdline,
 327                            unsigned long cmdline_len)
 328{
 329
 330        struct setup_header *header;
 331        int setup_sects, kern16_size, ret = 0;
 332        unsigned long setup_header_size, params_cmdline_sz;
 333        struct boot_params *params;
 334        unsigned long bootparam_load_addr, kernel_load_addr, initrd_load_addr;
 335        struct bzimage64_data *ldata;
 336        struct kexec_entry64_regs regs64;
 337        void *stack;
 338        unsigned int setup_hdr_offset = offsetof(struct boot_params, hdr);
 339        unsigned int efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz, efi_setup_data_offset;
 340        struct kexec_buf kbuf = { .image = image, .buf_max = ULONG_MAX,
 341                                  .top_down = true };
 342        struct kexec_buf pbuf = { .image = image, .buf_min = MIN_PURGATORY_ADDR,
 343                                  .buf_max = ULONG_MAX, .top_down = true };
 344
 345        header = (struct setup_header *)(kernel + setup_hdr_offset);
 346        setup_sects = header->setup_sects;
 347        if (setup_sects == 0)
 348                setup_sects = 4;
 349
 350        kern16_size = (setup_sects + 1) * 512;
 351        if (kernel_len < kern16_size) {
 352                pr_err("bzImage truncated\n");
 353                return ERR_PTR(-ENOEXEC);
 354        }
 355
 356        if (cmdline_len > header->cmdline_size) {
 357                pr_err("Kernel command line too long\n");
 358                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 359        }
 360
 361        /*
 362         * In case of crash dump, we will append elfcorehdr=<addr> to
 363         * command line. Make sure it does not overflow
 364         */
 365        if (cmdline_len + MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN > header->cmdline_size) {
 366                pr_debug("Appending elfcorehdr=<addr> to command line exceeds maximum allowed length\n");
 367                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 368        }
 369
 370        /* Allocate and load backup region */
 371        if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
 372                ret = crash_load_segments(image);
 373                if (ret)
 374                        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 375        }
 376
 377        /*
 378         * Load purgatory. For 64bit entry point, purgatory  code can be
 379         * anywhere.
 380         */
 381        ret = kexec_load_purgatory(image, &pbuf);
 382        if (ret) {
 383                pr_err("Loading purgatory failed\n");
 384                return ERR_PTR(ret);
 385        }
 386
 387        pr_debug("Loaded purgatory at 0x%lx\n", pbuf.mem);
 388
 389
 390        /*
 391         * Load Bootparams and cmdline and space for efi stuff.
 392         *
 393         * Allocate memory together for multiple data structures so
 394         * that they all can go in single area/segment and we don't
 395         * have to create separate segment for each. Keeps things
 396         * little bit simple
 397         */
 398        efi_map_sz = efi_get_runtime_map_size();
 399        params_cmdline_sz = sizeof(struct boot_params) + cmdline_len +
 400                                MAX_ELFCOREHDR_STR_LEN;
 401        params_cmdline_sz = ALIGN(params_cmdline_sz, 16);
 402        kbuf.bufsz = params_cmdline_sz + ALIGN(efi_map_sz, 16) +
 403                                sizeof(struct setup_data) +
 404                                sizeof(struct efi_setup_data);
 405
 406        params = kzalloc(kbuf.bufsz, GFP_KERNEL);
 407        if (!params)
 408                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 409        efi_map_offset = params_cmdline_sz;
 410        efi_setup_data_offset = efi_map_offset + ALIGN(efi_map_sz, 16);
 411
 412        /* Copy setup header onto bootparams. Documentation/x86/boot.rst */
 413        setup_header_size = 0x0202 + kernel[0x0201] - setup_hdr_offset;
 414
 415        /* Is there a limit on setup header size? */
 416        memcpy(&params->hdr, (kernel + setup_hdr_offset), setup_header_size);
 417
 418        kbuf.buffer = params;
 419        kbuf.memsz = kbuf.bufsz;
 420        kbuf.buf_align = 16;
 421        kbuf.buf_min = MIN_BOOTPARAM_ADDR;
 422        ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 423        if (ret)
 424                goto out_free_params;
 425        bootparam_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 426        pr_debug("Loaded boot_param, command line and misc at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 427                 bootparam_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.bufsz);
 428
 429        /* Load kernel */
 430        kbuf.buffer = kernel + kern16_size;
 431        kbuf.bufsz =  kernel_len - kern16_size;
 432        kbuf.memsz = PAGE_ALIGN(header->init_size);
 433        kbuf.buf_align = header->kernel_alignment;
 434        kbuf.buf_min = MIN_KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
 435        kbuf.mem = KEXEC_BUF_MEM_UNKNOWN;
 436        ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 437        if (ret)
 438                goto out_free_params;
 439        kernel_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 440
 441        pr_debug("Loaded 64bit kernel at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 442                 kernel_load_addr, kbuf.bufsz, kbuf.memsz);
 443
 444        /* Load initrd high */
 445        if (initrd) {
 446                kbuf.buffer = initrd;
 447                kbuf.bufsz = kbuf.memsz = initrd_len;
 448                kbuf.buf_align = PAGE_SIZE;
 449                kbuf.buf_min = MIN_INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;
 450                kbuf.mem = KEXEC_BUF_MEM_UNKNOWN;
 451                ret = kexec_add_buffer(&kbuf);
 452                if (ret)
 453                        goto out_free_params;
 454                initrd_load_addr = kbuf.mem;
 455
 456                pr_debug("Loaded initrd at 0x%lx bufsz=0x%lx memsz=0x%lx\n",
 457                                initrd_load_addr, initrd_len, initrd_len);
 458
 459                setup_initrd(params, initrd_load_addr, initrd_len);
 460        }
 461
 462        setup_cmdline(image, params, bootparam_load_addr,
 463                      sizeof(struct boot_params), cmdline, cmdline_len);
 464
 465        /* bootloader info. Do we need a separate ID for kexec kernel loader? */
 466        params->hdr.type_of_loader = 0x0D << 4;
 467        params->hdr.loadflags = 0;
 468
 469        /* Setup purgatory regs for entry */
 470        ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "entry64_regs", &regs64,
 471                                             sizeof(regs64), 1);
 472        if (ret)
 473                goto out_free_params;
 474
 475        regs64.rbx = 0; /* Bootstrap Processor */
 476        regs64.rsi = bootparam_load_addr;
 477        regs64.rip = kernel_load_addr + 0x200;
 478        stack = kexec_purgatory_get_symbol_addr(image, "stack_end");
 479        if (IS_ERR(stack)) {
 480                pr_err("Could not find address of symbol stack_end\n");
 481                ret = -EINVAL;
 482                goto out_free_params;
 483        }
 484
 485        regs64.rsp = (unsigned long)stack;
 486        ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image, "entry64_regs", &regs64,
 487                                             sizeof(regs64), 0);
 488        if (ret)
 489                goto out_free_params;
 490
 491        ret = setup_boot_parameters(image, params, bootparam_load_addr,
 492                                    efi_map_offset, efi_map_sz,
 493                                    efi_setup_data_offset);
 494        if (ret)
 495                goto out_free_params;
 496
 497        /* Allocate loader specific data */
 498        ldata = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bzimage64_data), GFP_KERNEL);
 499        if (!ldata) {
 500                ret = -ENOMEM;
 501                goto out_free_params;
 502        }
 503
 504        /*
 505         * Store pointer to params so that it could be freed after loading
 506         * params segment has been loaded and contents have been copied
 507         * somewhere else.
 508         */
 509        ldata->bootparams_buf = params;
 510        return ldata;
 511
 512out_free_params:
 513        kfree(params);
 514        return ERR_PTR(ret);
 515}
 516
 517/* This cleanup function is called after various segments have been loaded */
 518static int bzImage64_cleanup(void *loader_data)
 519{
 520        struct bzimage64_data *ldata = loader_data;
 521
 522        if (!ldata)
 523                return 0;
 524
 525        kfree(ldata->bootparams_buf);
 526        ldata->bootparams_buf = NULL;
 527
 528        return 0;
 529}
 530
 531#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG
 532static int bzImage64_verify_sig(const char *kernel, unsigned long kernel_len)
 533{
 534        int ret;
 535
 536        ret = verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 537                                      VERIFY_USE_SECONDARY_KEYRING,
 538                                      VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 539        if (ret == -ENOKEY && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_INTEGRITY_PLATFORM_KEYRING)) {
 540                ret = verify_pefile_signature(kernel, kernel_len,
 541                                              VERIFY_USE_PLATFORM_KEYRING,
 542                                              VERIFYING_KEXEC_PE_SIGNATURE);
 543        }
 544        return ret;
 545}
 546#endif
 547
 548const struct kexec_file_ops kexec_bzImage64_ops = {
 549        .probe = bzImage64_probe,
 550        .load = bzImage64_load,
 551        .cleanup = bzImage64_cleanup,
 552#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG
 553        .verify_sig = bzImage64_verify_sig,
 554#endif
 555};
 556