/*
 * Virtual network driver for conversing with remote driver backends.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2005, K A Fraser
 * Copyright (c) 2005, XenSource Ltd
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; or, when distributed
 * separately from the Linux kernel or incorporated into other
 * software packages, subject to the following license:
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this source file (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
 * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,
 * merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
 * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
 * the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
 * IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>
#include <linux/udp.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <net/ip.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <net/page_pool.h>
#include <linux/bpf_trace.h>

#include <xen/xen.h>
#include <xen/xenbus.h>
#include <xen/events.h>
#include <xen/page.h>
#include <xen/platform_pci.h>
#include <xen/grant_table.h>

#include <xen/interface/io/netif.h>
#include <xen/interface/memory.h>
#include <xen/interface/grant_table.h>

/* Module parameters */
#define MAX_QUEUES_DEFAULT 8
static unsigned int xennet_max_queues;
module_param_named(max_queues, xennet_max_queues, uint, 0644);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(max_queues,
                 "Maximum number of queues per virtual interface");

static bool __read_mostly xennet_trusted = true;
module_param_named(trusted, xennet_trusted, bool, 0644);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(trusted, "Is the backend trusted");

#define XENNET_TIMEOUT  (5 * HZ)

static const struct ethtool_ops xennet_ethtool_ops;

struct netfront_cb {
        int pull_to;
};

#define NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)    ((struct netfront_cb *)((skb)->cb))

#define RX_COPY_THRESHOLD 256

#define NET_TX_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xen_netif_tx, XEN_PAGE_SIZE)
#define NET_RX_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xen_netif_rx, XEN_PAGE_SIZE)

/* Minimum number of Rx slots (includes slot for GSO metadata). */
#define NET_RX_SLOTS_MIN (XEN_NETIF_NR_SLOTS_MIN + 1)

/* Queue name is interface name with "-qNNN" appended */
#define QUEUE_NAME_SIZE (IFNAMSIZ + 6)

/* IRQ name is queue name with "-tx" or "-rx" appended */
#define IRQ_NAME_SIZE (QUEUE_NAME_SIZE + 3)

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(module_wq);

struct netfront_stats {
        u64                     packets;
        u64                     bytes;
        struct u64_stats_sync   syncp;
};

struct netfront_info;

struct netfront_queue {
        unsigned int id; /* Queue ID, 0-based */
        char name[QUEUE_NAME_SIZE]; /* DEVNAME-qN */
        struct netfront_info *info;

        struct bpf_prog __rcu *xdp_prog;

        struct napi_struct napi;

        /* Split event channels support, tx_* == rx_* when using
         * single event channel.
         */
        unsigned int tx_evtchn, rx_evtchn;
        unsigned int tx_irq, rx_irq;
        /* Only used when split event channels support is enabled */
        char tx_irq_name[IRQ_NAME_SIZE]; /* DEVNAME-qN-tx */
        char rx_irq_name[IRQ_NAME_SIZE]; /* DEVNAME-qN-rx */

        spinlock_t   tx_lock;
        struct xen_netif_tx_front_ring tx;
        int tx_ring_ref;

        /*
         * {tx,rx}_skbs store outstanding skbuffs. Free tx_skb entries
         * are linked from tx_skb_freelist through tx_link.
         */
        struct sk_buff *tx_skbs[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
        unsigned short tx_link[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
#define TX_LINK_NONE 0xffff
#define TX_PENDING   0xfffe
        grant_ref_t gref_tx_head;
        grant_ref_t grant_tx_ref[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
        struct page *grant_tx_page[NET_TX_RING_SIZE];
        unsigned tx_skb_freelist;
        unsigned int tx_pend_queue;

        spinlock_t   rx_lock ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
        struct xen_netif_rx_front_ring rx;
        int rx_ring_ref;

        struct timer_list rx_refill_timer;

        struct sk_buff *rx_skbs[NET_RX_RING_SIZE];
        grant_ref_t gref_rx_head;
        grant_ref_t grant_rx_ref[NET_RX_RING_SIZE];

        unsigned int rx_rsp_unconsumed;
        spinlock_t rx_cons_lock;

        struct page_pool *page_pool;
        struct xdp_rxq_info xdp_rxq;
};

struct netfront_info {
        struct list_head list;
        struct net_device *netdev;

        struct xenbus_device *xbdev;

        /* Multi-queue support */
        struct netfront_queue *queues;

        /* Statistics */
        struct netfront_stats __percpu *rx_stats;
        struct netfront_stats __percpu *tx_stats;

        /* XDP state */
        bool netback_has_xdp_headroom;
        bool netfront_xdp_enabled;

        /* Is device behaving sane? */
        bool broken;

        /* Should skbs be bounced into a zeroed buffer? */
        bool bounce;

        atomic_t rx_gso_checksum_fixup;
};

struct netfront_rx_info {
        struct xen_netif_rx_response rx;
        struct xen_netif_extra_info extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_MAX - 1];
};

/*
 * Access macros for acquiring freeing slots in tx_skbs[].
 */

static void add_id_to_list(unsigned *head, unsigned short *list,
                           unsigned short id)
{
        list[id] = *head;
        *head = id;
}

static unsigned short get_id_from_list(unsigned *head, unsigned short *list)
{
        unsigned int id = *head;

        if (id != TX_LINK_NONE) {
                *head = list[id];
                list[id] = TX_LINK_NONE;
        }
        return id;
}

static int xennet_rxidx(RING_IDX idx)
{
        return idx & (NET_RX_RING_SIZE - 1);
}

static struct sk_buff *xennet_get_rx_skb(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                         RING_IDX ri)
{
        int i = xennet_rxidx(ri);
        struct sk_buff *skb = queue->rx_skbs[i];
        queue->rx_skbs[i] = NULL;
        return skb;
}

static grant_ref_t xennet_get_rx_ref(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                            RING_IDX ri)
{
        int i = xennet_rxidx(ri);
        grant_ref_t ref = queue->grant_rx_ref[i];
        queue->grant_rx_ref[i] = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
        return ref;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static const struct attribute_group xennet_dev_group;
#endif

static bool xennet_can_sg(struct net_device *dev)
{
        return dev->features & NETIF_F_SG;
}


static void rx_refill_timeout(struct timer_list *t)
{
        struct netfront_queue *queue = from_timer(queue, t, rx_refill_timer);
        napi_schedule(&queue->napi);
}

static int netfront_tx_slot_available(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        return (queue->tx.req_prod_pvt - queue->tx.rsp_cons) <
                (NET_TX_RING_SIZE - XEN_NETIF_NR_SLOTS_MIN - 1);
}

static void xennet_maybe_wake_tx(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        struct net_device *dev = queue->info->netdev;
        struct netdev_queue *dev_queue = netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id);

        if (unlikely(netif_tx_queue_stopped(dev_queue)) &&
            netfront_tx_slot_available(queue) &&
            likely(netif_running(dev)))
                netif_tx_wake_queue(netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id));
}


static struct sk_buff *xennet_alloc_one_rx_buffer(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct page *page;

        skb = __netdev_alloc_skb(queue->info->netdev,
                                 RX_COPY_THRESHOLD + NET_IP_ALIGN,
                                 GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        page = page_pool_alloc_pages(queue->page_pool,
                                     GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_ZERO);
        if (unlikely(!page)) {
                kfree_skb(skb);
                return NULL;
        }
        skb_add_rx_frag(skb, 0, page, 0, 0, PAGE_SIZE);

        /* Align ip header to a 16 bytes boundary */
        skb_reserve(skb, NET_IP_ALIGN);
        skb->dev = queue->info->netdev;

        return skb;
}


static void xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        RING_IDX req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
        int notify;
        int err = 0;

        if (unlikely(!netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev)))
                return;

        for (req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
             req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons < NET_RX_RING_SIZE;
             req_prod++) {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                unsigned short id;
                grant_ref_t ref;
                struct page *page;
                struct xen_netif_rx_request *req;

                skb = xennet_alloc_one_rx_buffer(queue);
                if (!skb) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        break;
                }

                id = xennet_rxidx(req_prod);

                BUG_ON(queue->rx_skbs[id]);
                queue->rx_skbs[id] = skb;

                ref = gnttab_claim_grant_reference(&queue->gref_rx_head);
                WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ERR_VALUE((unsigned long)(int)ref));
                queue->grant_rx_ref[id] = ref;

                page = skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]);

                req = RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, req_prod);
                gnttab_page_grant_foreign_access_ref_one(ref,
                                                         queue->info->xbdev->otherend_id,
                                                         page,
                                                         0);
                req->id = id;
                req->gref = ref;
        }

        queue->rx.req_prod_pvt = req_prod;

        /* Try again later if there are not enough requests or skb allocation
         * failed.
         * Enough requests is quantified as the sum of newly created slots and
         * the unconsumed slots at the backend.
         */
        if (req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons < NET_RX_SLOTS_MIN ||
            unlikely(err)) {
                mod_timer(&queue->rx_refill_timer, jiffies + (HZ/10));
                return;
        }

        RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&queue->rx, notify);
        if (notify)
                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->rx_irq);
}

static int xennet_open(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        unsigned int i = 0;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;

        if (!np->queues || np->broken)
                return -ENODEV;

        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                queue = &np->queues[i];
                napi_enable(&queue->napi);

                spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
                if (netif_carrier_ok(dev)) {
                        xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);
                        queue->rx.sring->rsp_event = queue->rx.rsp_cons + 1;
                        if (RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(&queue->rx))
                                napi_schedule(&queue->napi);
                }
                spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
        }

        netif_tx_start_all_queues(dev);

        return 0;
}

static bool xennet_tx_buf_gc(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        RING_IDX cons, prod;
        unsigned short id;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        bool more_to_do;
        bool work_done = false;
        const struct device *dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev;

        BUG_ON(!netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev));

        do {
                prod = queue->tx.sring->rsp_prod;
                if (RING_RESPONSE_PROD_OVERFLOW(&queue->tx, prod)) {
                        dev_alert(dev, "Illegal number of responses %u\n",
                                  prod - queue->tx.rsp_cons);
                        goto err;
                }
                rmb(); /* Ensure we see responses up to 'rp'. */

                for (cons = queue->tx.rsp_cons; cons != prod; cons++) {
                        struct xen_netif_tx_response txrsp;

                        work_done = true;

                        RING_COPY_RESPONSE(&queue->tx, cons, &txrsp);
                        if (txrsp.status == XEN_NETIF_RSP_NULL)
                                continue;

                        id = txrsp.id;
                        if (id >= RING_SIZE(&queue->tx)) {
                                dev_alert(dev,
                                          "Response has incorrect id (%u)\n",
                                          id);
                                goto err;
                        }
                        if (queue->tx_link[id] != TX_PENDING) {
                                dev_alert(dev,
                                          "Response for inactive request\n");
                                goto err;
                        }

                        queue->tx_link[id] = TX_LINK_NONE;
                        skb = queue->tx_skbs[id];
                        queue->tx_skbs[id] = NULL;
                        if (unlikely(!gnttab_end_foreign_access_ref(
                                queue->grant_tx_ref[id]))) {
                                dev_alert(dev,
                                          "Grant still in use by backend domain\n");
                                goto err;
                        }
                        gnttab_release_grant_reference(
                                &queue->gref_tx_head, queue->grant_tx_ref[id]);
                        queue->grant_tx_ref[id] = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
                        queue->grant_tx_page[id] = NULL;
                        add_id_to_list(&queue->tx_skb_freelist, queue->tx_link, id);
                        dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);
                }

                queue->tx.rsp_cons = prod;

                RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_RESPONSES(&queue->tx, more_to_do);
        } while (more_to_do);

        xennet_maybe_wake_tx(queue);

        return work_done;

 err:
        queue->info->broken = true;
        dev_alert(dev, "Disabled for further use\n");

        return work_done;
}

struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq {
        struct netfront_queue *queue;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct page *page;
        struct xen_netif_tx_request *tx;      /* Last request on ring page */
        struct xen_netif_tx_request tx_local; /* Last request local copy*/
        unsigned int size;
};

static void xennet_tx_setup_grant(unsigned long gfn, unsigned int offset,
                                  unsigned int len, void *data)
{
        struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq *info = data;
        unsigned int id;
        struct xen_netif_tx_request *tx;
        grant_ref_t ref;
        /* convenient aliases */
        struct page *page = info->page;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = info->queue;
        struct sk_buff *skb = info->skb;

        id = get_id_from_list(&queue->tx_skb_freelist, queue->tx_link);
        tx = RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->tx, queue->tx.req_prod_pvt++);
        ref = gnttab_claim_grant_reference(&queue->gref_tx_head);
        WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ERR_VALUE((unsigned long)(int)ref));

        gnttab_grant_foreign_access_ref(ref, queue->info->xbdev->otherend_id,
                                        gfn, GNTMAP_readonly);

        queue->tx_skbs[id] = skb;
        queue->grant_tx_page[id] = page;
        queue->grant_tx_ref[id] = ref;

        info->tx_local.id = id;
        info->tx_local.gref = ref;
        info->tx_local.offset = offset;
        info->tx_local.size = len;
        info->tx_local.flags = 0;

        *tx = info->tx_local;

        /*
         * Put the request in the pending queue, it will be set to be pending
         * when the producer index is about to be raised.
         */
        add_id_to_list(&queue->tx_pend_queue, queue->tx_link, id);

        info->tx = tx;
        info->size += info->tx_local.size;
}

static struct xen_netif_tx_request *xennet_make_first_txreq(
        struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq *info,
        unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
{
        info->size = 0;

        gnttab_for_one_grant(info->page, offset, len, xennet_tx_setup_grant, info);

        return info->tx;
}

static void xennet_make_one_txreq(unsigned long gfn, unsigned int offset,
                                  unsigned int len, void *data)
{
        struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq *info = data;

        info->tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_more_data;
        skb_get(info->skb);
        xennet_tx_setup_grant(gfn, offset, len, data);
}

static void xennet_make_txreqs(
        struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq *info,
        struct page *page,
        unsigned int offset, unsigned int len)
{
        /* Skip unused frames from start of page */
        page += offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        offset &= ~PAGE_MASK;

        while (len) {
                info->page = page;
                info->size = 0;

                gnttab_foreach_grant_in_range(page, offset, len,
                                              xennet_make_one_txreq,
                                              info);

                page++;
                offset = 0;
                len -= info->size;
        }
}

/*
 * Count how many ring slots are required to send this skb. Each frag
 * might be a compound page.
 */
static int xennet_count_skb_slots(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        int i, frags = skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags;
        int slots;

        slots = gnttab_count_grant(offset_in_page(skb->data),
                                   skb_headlen(skb));

        for (i = 0; i < frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag = skb_shinfo(skb)->frags + i;
                unsigned long size = skb_frag_size(frag);
                unsigned long offset = skb_frag_off(frag);

                /* Skip unused frames from start of page */
                offset &= ~PAGE_MASK;

                slots += gnttab_count_grant(offset, size);
        }

        return slots;
}

static u16 xennet_select_queue(struct net_device *dev, struct sk_buff *skb,
                               struct net_device *sb_dev)
{
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        u32 hash;
        u16 queue_idx;

        /* First, check if there is only one queue */
        if (num_queues == 1) {
                queue_idx = 0;
        } else {
                hash = skb_get_hash(skb);
                queue_idx = hash % num_queues;
        }

        return queue_idx;
}

static void xennet_mark_tx_pending(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        unsigned int i;

        while ((i = get_id_from_list(&queue->tx_pend_queue, queue->tx_link)) !=
               TX_LINK_NONE)
                queue->tx_link[i] = TX_PENDING;
}

static int xennet_xdp_xmit_one(struct net_device *dev,
                               struct netfront_queue *queue,
                               struct xdp_frame *xdpf)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct netfront_stats *tx_stats = this_cpu_ptr(np->tx_stats);
        struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq info = {
                .queue = queue,
                .skb = NULL,
                .page = virt_to_page(xdpf->data),
        };
        int notify;

        xennet_make_first_txreq(&info,
                                offset_in_page(xdpf->data),
                                xdpf->len);

        xennet_mark_tx_pending(queue);

        RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&queue->tx, notify);
        if (notify)
                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->tx_irq);

        u64_stats_update_begin(&tx_stats->syncp);
        tx_stats->bytes += xdpf->len;
        tx_stats->packets++;
        u64_stats_update_end(&tx_stats->syncp);

        xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue);

        return 0;
}

static int xennet_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, int n,
                           struct xdp_frame **frames, u32 flags)
{
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;
        unsigned long irq_flags;
        int nxmit = 0;
        int i;

        if (unlikely(np->broken))
                return -ENODEV;
        if (unlikely(flags & ~XDP_XMIT_FLAGS_MASK))
                return -EINVAL;

        queue = &np->queues[smp_processor_id() % num_queues];

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->tx_lock, irq_flags);
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                struct xdp_frame *xdpf = frames[i];

                if (!xdpf)
                        continue;
                if (xennet_xdp_xmit_one(dev, queue, xdpf))
                        break;
                nxmit++;
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, irq_flags);

        return nxmit;
}

struct sk_buff *bounce_skb(const struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        unsigned int headerlen = skb_headroom(skb);
        /* Align size to allocate full pages and avoid contiguous data leaks */
        unsigned int size = ALIGN(skb_end_offset(skb) + skb->data_len,
                                  XEN_PAGE_SIZE);
        struct sk_buff *n = alloc_skb(size, GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_ZERO);

        if (!n)
                return NULL;

        if (!IS_ALIGNED((uintptr_t)n->head, XEN_PAGE_SIZE)) {
                WARN_ONCE(1, "misaligned skb allocated\n");
                kfree_skb(n);
                return NULL;
        }

        /* Set the data pointer */
        skb_reserve(n, headerlen);
        /* Set the tail pointer and length */
        skb_put(n, skb->len);

        BUG_ON(skb_copy_bits(skb, -headerlen, n->head, headerlen + skb->len));

        skb_copy_header(n, skb);
        return n;
}

#define MAX_XEN_SKB_FRAGS (65536 / XEN_PAGE_SIZE + 1)

static netdev_tx_t xennet_start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct netfront_stats *tx_stats = this_cpu_ptr(np->tx_stats);
        struct xen_netif_tx_request *first_tx;
        unsigned int i;
        int notify;
        int slots;
        struct page *page;
        unsigned int offset;
        unsigned int len;
        unsigned long flags;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;
        struct xennet_gnttab_make_txreq info = { };
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        u16 queue_index;
        struct sk_buff *nskb;

        /* Drop the packet if no queues are set up */
        if (num_queues < 1)
                goto drop;
        if (unlikely(np->broken))
                goto drop;
        /* Determine which queue to transmit this SKB on */
        queue_index = skb_get_queue_mapping(skb);
        queue = &np->queues[queue_index];

        /* If skb->len is too big for wire format, drop skb and alert
         * user about misconfiguration.
         */
        if (unlikely(skb->len > XEN_NETIF_MAX_TX_SIZE)) {
                net_alert_ratelimited(
                        "xennet: skb->len = %u, too big for wire format\n",
                        skb->len);
                goto drop;
        }

        slots = xennet_count_skb_slots(skb);
        if (unlikely(slots > MAX_XEN_SKB_FRAGS + 1)) {
                net_dbg_ratelimited("xennet: skb rides the rocket: %d slots, %d bytes\n",
                                    slots, skb->len);
                if (skb_linearize(skb))
                        goto drop;
        }

        page = virt_to_page(skb->data);
        offset = offset_in_page(skb->data);

        /* The first req should be at least ETH_HLEN size or the packet will be
         * dropped by netback.
         *
         * If the backend is not trusted bounce all data to zeroed pages to
         * avoid exposing contiguous data on the granted page not belonging to
         * the skb.
         */
        if (np->bounce || unlikely(PAGE_SIZE - offset < ETH_HLEN)) {
                nskb = bounce_skb(skb);
                if (!nskb)
                        goto drop;
                dev_consume_skb_any(skb);
                skb = nskb;
                page = virt_to_page(skb->data);
                offset = offset_in_page(skb->data);
        }

        len = skb_headlen(skb);

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->tx_lock, flags);

        if (unlikely(!netif_carrier_ok(dev) ||
                     (slots > 1 && !xennet_can_sg(dev)) ||
                     netif_needs_gso(skb, netif_skb_features(skb)))) {
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, flags);
                goto drop;
        }

        /* First request for the linear area. */
        info.queue = queue;
        info.skb = skb;
        info.page = page;
        first_tx = xennet_make_first_txreq(&info, offset, len);
        offset += info.tx_local.size;
        if (offset == PAGE_SIZE) {
                page++;
                offset = 0;
        }
        len -= info.tx_local.size;

        if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
                /* local packet? */
                first_tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_csum_blank |
                                   XEN_NETTXF_data_validated;
        else if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY)
                /* remote but checksummed. */
                first_tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_data_validated;

        /* Optional extra info after the first request. */
        if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size) {
                struct xen_netif_extra_info *gso;

                gso = (struct xen_netif_extra_info *)
                        RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->tx, queue->tx.req_prod_pvt++);

                first_tx->flags |= XEN_NETTXF_extra_info;

                gso->u.gso.size = skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
                gso->u.gso.type = (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_TCPV6) ?
                        XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV6 :
                        XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV4;
                gso->u.gso.pad = 0;
                gso->u.gso.features = 0;

                gso->type = XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_GSO;
                gso->flags = 0;
        }

        /* Requests for the rest of the linear area. */
        xennet_make_txreqs(&info, page, offset, len);

        /* Requests for all the frags. */
        for (i = 0; i < skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags; i++) {
                skb_frag_t *frag = &skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[i];
                xennet_make_txreqs(&info, skb_frag_page(frag),
                                        skb_frag_off(frag),
                                        skb_frag_size(frag));
        }

        /* First request has the packet length. */
        first_tx->size = skb->len;

        /* timestamp packet in software */
        skb_tx_timestamp(skb);

        xennet_mark_tx_pending(queue);

        RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&queue->tx, notify);
        if (notify)
                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->tx_irq);

        u64_stats_update_begin(&tx_stats->syncp);
        tx_stats->bytes += skb->len;
        tx_stats->packets++;
        u64_stats_update_end(&tx_stats->syncp);

        /* Note: It is not safe to access skb after xennet_tx_buf_gc()! */
        xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue);

        if (!netfront_tx_slot_available(queue))
                netif_tx_stop_queue(netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id));

        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, flags);

        return NETDEV_TX_OK;

 drop:
        dev->stats.tx_dropped++;
        dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
        return NETDEV_TX_OK;
}

static int xennet_close(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        unsigned int i;
        struct netfront_queue *queue;
        netif_tx_stop_all_queues(np->netdev);
        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                queue = &np->queues[i];
                napi_disable(&queue->napi);
        }
        return 0;
}

static void xennet_destroy_queues(struct netfront_info *info)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < info->netdev->real_num_tx_queues; i++) {
                struct netfront_queue *queue = &info->queues[i];

                if (netif_running(info->netdev))
                        napi_disable(&queue->napi);
                netif_napi_del(&queue->napi);
        }

        kfree(info->queues);
        info->queues = NULL;
}

static void xennet_uninit(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        xennet_destroy_queues(np);
}

static void xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(struct netfront_queue *queue, RING_IDX val)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->rx_cons_lock, flags);
        queue->rx.rsp_cons = val;
        queue->rx_rsp_unconsumed = XEN_RING_NR_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(&queue->rx);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->rx_cons_lock, flags);
}

static void xennet_move_rx_slot(struct netfront_queue *queue, struct sk_buff *skb,
                                grant_ref_t ref)
{
        int new = xennet_rxidx(queue->rx.req_prod_pvt);

        BUG_ON(queue->rx_skbs[new]);
        queue->rx_skbs[new] = skb;
        queue->grant_rx_ref[new] = ref;
        RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, queue->rx.req_prod_pvt)->id = new;
        RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, queue->rx.req_prod_pvt)->gref = ref;
        queue->rx.req_prod_pvt++;
}

static int xennet_get_extras(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                             struct xen_netif_extra_info *extras,
                             RING_IDX rp)

{
        struct xen_netif_extra_info extra;
        struct device *dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev;
        RING_IDX cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        int err = 0;

        do {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                grant_ref_t ref;

                if (unlikely(cons + 1 == rp)) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Missing extra info\n");
                        err = -EBADR;
                        break;
                }

                RING_COPY_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, ++cons, &extra);

                if (unlikely(!extra.type ||
                             extra.type >= XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_MAX)) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Invalid extra type: %d\n",
                                         extra.type);
                        err = -EINVAL;
                } else {
                        extras[extra.type - 1] = extra;
                }

                skb = xennet_get_rx_skb(queue, cons);
                ref = xennet_get_rx_ref(queue, cons);
                xennet_move_rx_slot(queue, skb, ref);
        } while (extra.flags & XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_FLAG_MORE);

        xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(queue, cons);
        return err;
}

static u32 xennet_run_xdp(struct netfront_queue *queue, struct page *pdata,
                   struct xen_netif_rx_response *rx, struct bpf_prog *prog,
                   struct xdp_buff *xdp, bool *need_xdp_flush)
{
        struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
        u32 len = rx->status;
        u32 act;
        int err;

        xdp_init_buff(xdp, XEN_PAGE_SIZE - XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM,
                      &queue->xdp_rxq);
        xdp_prepare_buff(xdp, page_address(pdata), XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM,
                         len, false);

        act = bpf_prog_run_xdp(prog, xdp);
        switch (act) {
        case XDP_TX:
                get_page(pdata);
                xdpf = xdp_convert_buff_to_frame(xdp);
                err = xennet_xdp_xmit(queue->info->netdev, 1, &xdpf, 0);
                if (unlikely(!err))
                        xdp_return_frame_rx_napi(xdpf);
                else if (unlikely(err < 0))
                        trace_xdp_exception(queue->info->netdev, prog, act);
                break;
        case XDP_REDIRECT:
                get_page(pdata);
                err = xdp_do_redirect(queue->info->netdev, xdp, prog);
                *need_xdp_flush = true;
                if (unlikely(err))
                        trace_xdp_exception(queue->info->netdev, prog, act);
                break;
        case XDP_PASS:
        case XDP_DROP:

                break;

        case XDP_ABORTED:
                trace_xdp_exception(queue->info->netdev, prog, act);
                break;

        default:
                bpf_warn_invalid_xdp_action(queue->info->netdev, prog, act);
        }

        return act;
}

static int xennet_get_responses(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                struct netfront_rx_info *rinfo, RING_IDX rp,
                                struct sk_buff_head *list,
                                bool *need_xdp_flush)
{
        struct xen_netif_rx_response *rx = &rinfo->rx, rx_local;
        int max = XEN_NETIF_NR_SLOTS_MIN + (rx->status <= RX_COPY_THRESHOLD);
        RING_IDX cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        struct sk_buff *skb = xennet_get_rx_skb(queue, cons);
        struct xen_netif_extra_info *extras = rinfo->extras;
        grant_ref_t ref = xennet_get_rx_ref(queue, cons);
        struct device *dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev;
        struct bpf_prog *xdp_prog;
        struct xdp_buff xdp;
        int slots = 1;
        int err = 0;
        u32 verdict;

        if (rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_extra_info) {
                err = xennet_get_extras(queue, extras, rp);
                if (!err) {
                        if (extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_XDP - 1].type) {
                                struct xen_netif_extra_info *xdp;

                                xdp = &extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_XDP - 1];
                                rx->offset = xdp->u.xdp.headroom;
                        }
                }
                cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        }

        for (;;) {
                if (unlikely(rx->status < 0 ||
                             rx->offset + rx->status > XEN_PAGE_SIZE)) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "rx->offset: %u, size: %d\n",
                                         rx->offset, rx->status);
                        xennet_move_rx_slot(queue, skb, ref);
                        err = -EINVAL;
                        goto next;
                }

                /*
                 * This definitely indicates a bug, either in this driver or in
                 * the backend driver. In future this should flag the bad
                 * situation to the system controller to reboot the backend.
                 */
                if (ref == INVALID_GRANT_REF) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Bad rx response id %d.\n",
                                         rx->id);
                        err = -EINVAL;
                        goto next;
                }

                if (!gnttab_end_foreign_access_ref(ref)) {
                        dev_alert(dev,
                                  "Grant still in use by backend domain\n");
                        queue->info->broken = true;
                        dev_alert(dev, "Disabled for further use\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                gnttab_release_grant_reference(&queue->gref_rx_head, ref);

                rcu_read_lock();
                xdp_prog = rcu_dereference(queue->xdp_prog);
                if (xdp_prog) {
                        if (!(rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_more_data)) {
                                /* currently only a single page contains data */
                                verdict = xennet_run_xdp(queue,
                                                         skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]),
                                                         rx, xdp_prog, &xdp, need_xdp_flush);
                                if (verdict != XDP_PASS)
                                        err = -EINVAL;
                        } else {
                                /* drop the frame */
                                err = -EINVAL;
                        }
                }
                rcu_read_unlock();

                __skb_queue_tail(list, skb);

next:
                if (!(rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_more_data))
                        break;

                if (cons + slots == rp) {
                        if (net_ratelimit())
                                dev_warn(dev, "Need more slots\n");
                        err = -ENOENT;
                        break;
                }

                RING_COPY_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, cons + slots, &rx_local);
                rx = &rx_local;
                skb = xennet_get_rx_skb(queue, cons + slots);
                ref = xennet_get_rx_ref(queue, cons + slots);
                slots++;
        }

        if (unlikely(slots > max)) {
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        dev_warn(dev, "Too many slots\n");
                err = -E2BIG;
        }

        if (unlikely(err))
                xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(queue, cons + slots);

        return err;
}

static int xennet_set_skb_gso(struct sk_buff *skb,
                              struct xen_netif_extra_info *gso)
{
        if (!gso->u.gso.size) {
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        pr_warn("GSO size must not be zero\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (gso->u.gso.type != XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV4 &&
            gso->u.gso.type != XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV6) {
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        pr_warn("Bad GSO type %d\n", gso->u.gso.type);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size = gso->u.gso.size;
        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type =
                (gso->u.gso.type == XEN_NETIF_GSO_TYPE_TCPV4) ?
                SKB_GSO_TCPV4 :
                SKB_GSO_TCPV6;

        /* Header must be checked, and gso_segs computed. */
        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_DODGY;
        skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs = 0;

        return 0;
}

static int xennet_fill_frags(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                             struct sk_buff *skb,
                             struct sk_buff_head *list)
{
        RING_IDX cons = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        struct sk_buff *nskb;

        while ((nskb = __skb_dequeue(list))) {
                struct xen_netif_rx_response rx;
                skb_frag_t *nfrag = &skb_shinfo(nskb)->frags[0];

                RING_COPY_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, ++cons, &rx);

                if (skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags == MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                        unsigned int pull_to = NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to;

                        BUG_ON(pull_to < skb_headlen(skb));
                        __pskb_pull_tail(skb, pull_to - skb_headlen(skb));
                }
                if (unlikely(skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags >= MAX_SKB_FRAGS)) {
                        xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(queue,
                                               ++cons + skb_queue_len(list));
                        kfree_skb(nskb);
                        return -ENOENT;
                }

                skb_add_rx_frag(skb, skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags,
                                skb_frag_page(nfrag),
                                rx.offset, rx.status, PAGE_SIZE);

                skb_shinfo(nskb)->nr_frags = 0;
                kfree_skb(nskb);
        }

        xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(queue, cons);

        return 0;
}

static int checksum_setup(struct net_device *dev, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        bool recalculate_partial_csum = false;

        /*
         * A GSO SKB must be CHECKSUM_PARTIAL. However some buggy
         * peers can fail to set NETRXF_csum_blank when sending a GSO
         * frame. In this case force the SKB to CHECKSUM_PARTIAL and
         * recalculate the partial checksum.
         */
        if (skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL && skb_is_gso(skb)) {
                struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
                atomic_inc(&np->rx_gso_checksum_fixup);
                skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
                recalculate_partial_csum = true;
        }

        /* A non-CHECKSUM_PARTIAL SKB does not require setup. */
        if (skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
                return 0;

        return skb_checksum_setup(skb, recalculate_partial_csum);
}

static int handle_incoming_queue(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                                 struct sk_buff_head *rxq)
{
        struct netfront_stats *rx_stats = this_cpu_ptr(queue->info->rx_stats);
        int packets_dropped = 0;
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(rxq)) != NULL) {
                int pull_to = NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to;

                if (pull_to > skb_headlen(skb))
                        __pskb_pull_tail(skb, pull_to - skb_headlen(skb));

                /* Ethernet work: Delayed to here as it peeks the header. */
                skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, queue->info->netdev);
                skb_reset_network_header(skb);

                if (checksum_setup(queue->info->netdev, skb)) {
                        kfree_skb(skb);
                        packets_dropped++;
                        queue->info->netdev->stats.rx_errors++;
                        continue;
                }

                u64_stats_update_begin(&rx_stats->syncp);
                rx_stats->packets++;
                rx_stats->bytes += skb->len;
                u64_stats_update_end(&rx_stats->syncp);

                /* Pass it up. */
                napi_gro_receive(&queue->napi, skb);
        }

        return packets_dropped;
}

static int xennet_poll(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)
{
        struct netfront_queue *queue = container_of(napi, struct netfront_queue, napi);
        struct net_device *dev = queue->info->netdev;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct netfront_rx_info rinfo;
        struct xen_netif_rx_response *rx = &rinfo.rx;
        struct xen_netif_extra_info *extras = rinfo.extras;
        RING_IDX i, rp;
        int work_done;
        struct sk_buff_head rxq;
        struct sk_buff_head errq;
        struct sk_buff_head tmpq;
        int err;
        bool need_xdp_flush = false;

        spin_lock(&queue->rx_lock);

        skb_queue_head_init(&rxq);
        skb_queue_head_init(&errq);
        skb_queue_head_init(&tmpq);

        rp = queue->rx.sring->rsp_prod;
        if (RING_RESPONSE_PROD_OVERFLOW(&queue->rx, rp)) {
                dev_alert(&dev->dev, "Illegal number of responses %u\n",
                          rp - queue->rx.rsp_cons);
                queue->info->broken = true;
                spin_unlock(&queue->rx_lock);
                return 0;
        }
        rmb(); /* Ensure we see queued responses up to 'rp'. */

        i = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
        work_done = 0;
        while ((i != rp) && (work_done < budget)) {
                RING_COPY_RESPONSE(&queue->rx, i, rx);
                memset(extras, 0, sizeof(rinfo.extras));

                err = xennet_get_responses(queue, &rinfo, rp, &tmpq,
                                           &need_xdp_flush);

                if (unlikely(err)) {
                        if (queue->info->broken) {
                                spin_unlock(&queue->rx_lock);
                                return 0;
                        }
err:
                        while ((skb = __skb_dequeue(&tmpq)))
                                __skb_queue_tail(&errq, skb);
                        dev->stats.rx_errors++;
                        i = queue->rx.rsp_cons;
                        continue;
                }

                skb = __skb_dequeue(&tmpq);

                if (extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_GSO - 1].type) {
                        struct xen_netif_extra_info *gso;
                        gso = &extras[XEN_NETIF_EXTRA_TYPE_GSO - 1];

                        if (unlikely(xennet_set_skb_gso(skb, gso))) {
                                __skb_queue_head(&tmpq, skb);
                                xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(queue,
                                                       queue->rx.rsp_cons +
                                                       skb_queue_len(&tmpq));
                                goto err;
                        }
                }

                NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to = rx->status;
                if (NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to > RX_COPY_THRESHOLD)
                        NETFRONT_SKB_CB(skb)->pull_to = RX_COPY_THRESHOLD;

                skb_frag_off_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0], rx->offset);
                skb_frag_size_set(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0], rx->status);
                skb->data_len = rx->status;
                skb->len += rx->status;

                if (unlikely(xennet_fill_frags(queue, skb, &tmpq)))
                        goto err;

                if (rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_csum_blank)
                        skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
                else if (rx->flags & XEN_NETRXF_data_validated)
                        skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY;

                __skb_queue_tail(&rxq, skb);

                i = queue->rx.rsp_cons + 1;
                xennet_set_rx_rsp_cons(queue, i);
                work_done++;
        }
        if (need_xdp_flush)
                xdp_do_flush();

        __skb_queue_purge(&errq);

        work_done -= handle_incoming_queue(queue, &rxq);

        xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);

        if (work_done < budget) {
                int more_to_do = 0;

                napi_complete_done(napi, work_done);

                RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_RESPONSES(&queue->rx, more_to_do);
                if (more_to_do)
                        napi_schedule(napi);
        }

        spin_unlock(&queue->rx_lock);

        return work_done;
}

static int xennet_change_mtu(struct net_device *dev, int mtu)
{
        int max = xennet_can_sg(dev) ? XEN_NETIF_MAX_TX_SIZE : ETH_DATA_LEN;

        if (mtu > max)
                return -EINVAL;
        dev->mtu = mtu;
        return 0;
}

static void xennet_get_stats64(struct net_device *dev,
                               struct rtnl_link_stats64 *tot)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        int cpu;

        for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
                struct netfront_stats *rx_stats = per_cpu_ptr(np->rx_stats, cpu);
                struct netfront_stats *tx_stats = per_cpu_ptr(np->tx_stats, cpu);
                u64 rx_packets, rx_bytes, tx_packets, tx_bytes;
                unsigned int start;

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&tx_stats->syncp);
                        tx_packets = tx_stats->packets;
                        tx_bytes = tx_stats->bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&tx_stats->syncp, start));

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&rx_stats->syncp);
                        rx_packets = rx_stats->packets;
                        rx_bytes = rx_stats->bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&rx_stats->syncp, start));

                tot->rx_packets += rx_packets;
                tot->tx_packets += tx_packets;
                tot->rx_bytes   += rx_bytes;
                tot->tx_bytes   += tx_bytes;
        }

        tot->rx_errors  = dev->stats.rx_errors;
        tot->tx_dropped = dev->stats.tx_dropped;
}

static void xennet_release_tx_bufs(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < NET_TX_RING_SIZE; i++) {
                /* Skip over entries which are actually freelist references */
                if (!queue->tx_skbs[i])
                        continue;

                skb = queue->tx_skbs[i];
                queue->tx_skbs[i] = NULL;
                get_page(queue->grant_tx_page[i]);
                gnttab_end_foreign_access(queue->grant_tx_ref[i],
                                          queue->grant_tx_page[i]);
                queue->grant_tx_page[i] = NULL;
                queue->grant_tx_ref[i] = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
                add_id_to_list(&queue->tx_skb_freelist, queue->tx_link, i);
                dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);
        }
}

static void xennet_release_rx_bufs(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int id, ref;

        spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);

        for (id = 0; id < NET_RX_RING_SIZE; id++) {
                struct sk_buff *skb;
                struct page *page;

                skb = queue->rx_skbs[id];
                if (!skb)
                        continue;

                ref = queue->grant_rx_ref[id];
                if (ref == INVALID_GRANT_REF)
                        continue;

                page = skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]);

                /* gnttab_end_foreign_access() needs a page ref until
                 * foreign access is ended (which may be deferred).
                 */
                get_page(page);
                gnttab_end_foreign_access(ref, page);
                queue->grant_rx_ref[id] = INVALID_GRANT_REF;

                kfree_skb(skb);
        }

        spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
}

static netdev_features_t xennet_fix_features(struct net_device *dev,
        netdev_features_t features)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);

        if (features & NETIF_F_SG &&
            !xenbus_read_unsigned(np->xbdev->otherend, "feature-sg", 0))
                features &= ~NETIF_F_SG;

        if (features & NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM &&
            !xenbus_read_unsigned(np->xbdev->otherend,
                                  "feature-ipv6-csum-offload", 0))
                features &= ~NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM;

        if (features & NETIF_F_TSO &&
            !xenbus_read_unsigned(np->xbdev->otherend, "feature-gso-tcpv4", 0))
                features &= ~NETIF_F_TSO;

        if (features & NETIF_F_TSO6 &&
            !xenbus_read_unsigned(np->xbdev->otherend, "feature-gso-tcpv6", 0))
                features &= ~NETIF_F_TSO6;

        return features;
}

static int xennet_set_features(struct net_device *dev,
        netdev_features_t features)
{
        if (!(features & NETIF_F_SG) && dev->mtu > ETH_DATA_LEN) {
                netdev_info(dev, "Reducing MTU because no SG offload");
                dev->mtu = ETH_DATA_LEN;
        }

        return 0;
}

static bool xennet_handle_tx(struct netfront_queue *queue, unsigned int *eoi)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        if (unlikely(queue->info->broken))
                return false;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->tx_lock, flags);
        if (xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue))
                *eoi = 0;
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->tx_lock, flags);

        return true;
}

static irqreturn_t xennet_tx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
        unsigned int eoiflag = XEN_EOI_FLAG_SPURIOUS;

        if (likely(xennet_handle_tx(dev_id, &eoiflag)))
                xen_irq_lateeoi(irq, eoiflag);

        return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

static bool xennet_handle_rx(struct netfront_queue *queue, unsigned int *eoi)
{
        unsigned int work_queued;
        unsigned long flags;

        if (unlikely(queue->info->broken))
                return false;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->rx_cons_lock, flags);
        work_queued = XEN_RING_NR_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(&queue->rx);
        if (work_queued > queue->rx_rsp_unconsumed) {
                queue->rx_rsp_unconsumed = work_queued;
                *eoi = 0;
        } else if (unlikely(work_queued < queue->rx_rsp_unconsumed)) {
                const struct device *dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev;

                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->rx_cons_lock, flags);
                dev_alert(dev, "RX producer index going backwards\n");
                dev_alert(dev, "Disabled for further use\n");
                queue->info->broken = true;
                return false;
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->rx_cons_lock, flags);

        if (likely(netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev) && work_queued))
                napi_schedule(&queue->napi);

        return true;
}

static irqreturn_t xennet_rx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
        unsigned int eoiflag = XEN_EOI_FLAG_SPURIOUS;

        if (likely(xennet_handle_rx(dev_id, &eoiflag)))
                xen_irq_lateeoi(irq, eoiflag);

        return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

static irqreturn_t xennet_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
        unsigned int eoiflag = XEN_EOI_FLAG_SPURIOUS;

        if (xennet_handle_tx(dev_id, &eoiflag) &&
            xennet_handle_rx(dev_id, &eoiflag))
                xen_irq_lateeoi(irq, eoiflag);

        return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
static void xennet_poll_controller(struct net_device *dev)
{
        /* Poll each queue */
        struct netfront_info *info = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;
        unsigned int i;

        if (info->broken)
                return;

        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i)
                xennet_interrupt(0, &info->queues[i]);
}
#endif

#define NETBACK_XDP_HEADROOM_DISABLE    0
#define NETBACK_XDP_HEADROOM_ENABLE     1

static int talk_to_netback_xdp(struct netfront_info *np, int xdp)
{
        int err;
        unsigned short headroom;

        headroom = xdp ? XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM : 0;
        err = xenbus_printf(XBT_NIL, np->xbdev->nodename,
                            "xdp-headroom", "%hu",
                            headroom);
        if (err)
                pr_warn("Error writing xdp-headroom\n");

        return err;
}

static int xennet_xdp_set(struct net_device *dev, struct bpf_prog *prog,
                          struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
{
        unsigned long max_mtu = XEN_PAGE_SIZE - XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM;
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct bpf_prog *old_prog;
        unsigned int i, err;

        if (dev->mtu > max_mtu) {
                netdev_warn(dev, "XDP requires MTU less than %lu\n", max_mtu);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (!np->netback_has_xdp_headroom)
                return 0;

        xenbus_switch_state(np->xbdev, XenbusStateReconfiguring);

        err = talk_to_netback_xdp(np, prog ? NETBACK_XDP_HEADROOM_ENABLE :
                                  NETBACK_XDP_HEADROOM_DISABLE);
        if (err)
                return err;

        /* avoid the race with XDP headroom adjustment */
        wait_event(module_wq,
                   xenbus_read_driver_state(np->xbdev->otherend) ==
                   XenbusStateReconfigured);
        np->netfront_xdp_enabled = true;

        old_prog = rtnl_dereference(np->queues[0].xdp_prog);

        if (prog)
                bpf_prog_add(prog, dev->real_num_tx_queues);

        for (i = 0; i < dev->real_num_tx_queues; ++i)
                rcu_assign_pointer(np->queues[i].xdp_prog, prog);

        if (old_prog)
                for (i = 0; i < dev->real_num_tx_queues; ++i)
                        bpf_prog_put(old_prog);

        xenbus_switch_state(np->xbdev, XenbusStateConnected);

        return 0;
}

static int xennet_xdp(struct net_device *dev, struct netdev_bpf *xdp)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);

        if (np->broken)
                return -ENODEV;

        switch (xdp->command) {
        case XDP_SETUP_PROG:
                return xennet_xdp_set(dev, xdp->prog, xdp->extack);
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }
}

static const struct net_device_ops xennet_netdev_ops = {
        .ndo_uninit          = xennet_uninit,
        .ndo_open            = xennet_open,
        .ndo_stop            = xennet_close,
        .ndo_start_xmit      = xennet_start_xmit,
        .ndo_change_mtu      = xennet_change_mtu,
        .ndo_get_stats64     = xennet_get_stats64,
        .ndo_set_mac_address = eth_mac_addr,
        .ndo_validate_addr   = eth_validate_addr,
        .ndo_fix_features    = xennet_fix_features,
        .ndo_set_features    = xennet_set_features,
        .ndo_select_queue    = xennet_select_queue,
        .ndo_bpf            = xennet_xdp,
        .ndo_xdp_xmit       = xennet_xdp_xmit,
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER
        .ndo_poll_controller = xennet_poll_controller,
#endif
};

static void xennet_free_netdev(struct net_device *netdev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(netdev);

        free_percpu(np->rx_stats);
        free_percpu(np->tx_stats);
        free_netdev(netdev);
}

static struct net_device *xennet_create_dev(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        int err;
        struct net_device *netdev;
        struct netfront_info *np;

        netdev = alloc_etherdev_mq(sizeof(struct netfront_info), xennet_max_queues);
        if (!netdev)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

        np                   = netdev_priv(netdev);
        np->xbdev            = dev;

        np->queues = NULL;

        err = -ENOMEM;
        np->rx_stats = netdev_alloc_pcpu_stats(struct netfront_stats);
        if (np->rx_stats == NULL)
                goto exit;
        np->tx_stats = netdev_alloc_pcpu_stats(struct netfront_stats);
        if (np->tx_stats == NULL)
                goto exit;

        netdev->netdev_ops      = &xennet_netdev_ops;

        netdev->features        = NETIF_F_IP_CSUM | NETIF_F_RXCSUM |
                                  NETIF_F_GSO_ROBUST;
        netdev->hw_features     = NETIF_F_SG |
                                  NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM |
                                  NETIF_F_TSO | NETIF_F_TSO6;

        /*
         * Assume that all hw features are available for now. This set
         * will be adjusted by the call to netdev_update_features() in
         * xennet_connect() which is the earliest point where we can
         * negotiate with the backend regarding supported features.
         */
        netdev->features |= netdev->hw_features;

        netdev->ethtool_ops = &xennet_ethtool_ops;
        netdev->min_mtu = ETH_MIN_MTU;
        netdev->max_mtu = XEN_NETIF_MAX_TX_SIZE;
        SET_NETDEV_DEV(netdev, &dev->dev);

        np->netdev = netdev;
        np->netfront_xdp_enabled = false;

        netif_carrier_off(netdev);

        do {
                xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateInitialising);
                err = wait_event_timeout(module_wq,
                                 xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) !=
                                 XenbusStateClosed &&
                                 xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) !=
                                 XenbusStateUnknown, XENNET_TIMEOUT);
        } while (!err);

        return netdev;

 exit:
        xennet_free_netdev(netdev);
        return ERR_PTR(err);
}

/*
 * Entry point to this code when a new device is created.  Allocate the basic
 * structures and the ring buffers for communication with the backend, and
 * inform the backend of the appropriate details for those.
 */
static int netfront_probe(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                          const struct xenbus_device_id *id)
{
        int err;
        struct net_device *netdev;
        struct netfront_info *info;

        netdev = xennet_create_dev(dev);
        if (IS_ERR(netdev)) {
                err = PTR_ERR(netdev);
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating netdev");
                return err;
        }

        info = netdev_priv(netdev);
        dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, info);
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
        info->netdev->sysfs_groups[0] = &xennet_dev_group;
#endif

        return 0;
}

static void xennet_end_access(int ref, void *page)
{
        /* This frees the page as a side-effect */
        if (ref != INVALID_GRANT_REF)
                gnttab_end_foreign_access(ref, virt_to_page(page));
}

static void xennet_disconnect_backend(struct netfront_info *info)
{
        unsigned int i = 0;
        unsigned int num_queues = info->netdev->real_num_tx_queues;

        netif_carrier_off(info->netdev);

        for (i = 0; i < num_queues && info->queues; ++i) {
                struct netfront_queue *queue = &info->queues[i];

                del_timer_sync(&queue->rx_refill_timer);

                if (queue->tx_irq && (queue->tx_irq == queue->rx_irq))
                        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->tx_irq, queue);
                if (queue->tx_irq && (queue->tx_irq != queue->rx_irq)) {
                        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->tx_irq, queue);
                        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->rx_irq, queue);
                }
                queue->tx_evtchn = queue->rx_evtchn = 0;
                queue->tx_irq = queue->rx_irq = 0;

                if (netif_running(info->netdev))
                        napi_synchronize(&queue->napi);

                xennet_release_tx_bufs(queue);
                xennet_release_rx_bufs(queue);
                gnttab_free_grant_references(queue->gref_tx_head);
                gnttab_free_grant_references(queue->gref_rx_head);

                /* End access and free the pages */
                xennet_end_access(queue->tx_ring_ref, queue->tx.sring);
                xennet_end_access(queue->rx_ring_ref, queue->rx.sring);

                queue->tx_ring_ref = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
                queue->rx_ring_ref = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
                queue->tx.sring = NULL;
                queue->rx.sring = NULL;

                page_pool_destroy(queue->page_pool);
        }
}

/*
 * We are reconnecting to the backend, due to a suspend/resume, or a backend
 * driver restart.  We tear down our netif structure and recreate it, but
 * leave the device-layer structures intact so that this is transparent to the
 * rest of the kernel.
 */
static int netfront_resume(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *info = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);

        dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%s\n", dev->nodename);

        netif_tx_lock_bh(info->netdev);
        netif_device_detach(info->netdev);
        netif_tx_unlock_bh(info->netdev);

        xennet_disconnect_backend(info);
        return 0;
}

static int xen_net_read_mac(struct xenbus_device *dev, u8 mac[])
{
        char *s, *e, *macstr;
        int i;

        macstr = s = xenbus_read(XBT_NIL, dev->nodename, "mac", NULL);
        if (IS_ERR(macstr))
                return PTR_ERR(macstr);

        for (i = 0; i < ETH_ALEN; i++) {
                mac[i] = simple_strtoul(s, &e, 16);
                if ((s == e) || (*e != ((i == ETH_ALEN-1) ? '\0' : ':'))) {
                        kfree(macstr);
                        return -ENOENT;
                }
                s = e+1;
        }

        kfree(macstr);
        return 0;
}

static int setup_netfront_single(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int err;

        err = xenbus_alloc_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, &queue->tx_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                goto fail;

        err = bind_evtchn_to_irqhandler_lateeoi(queue->tx_evtchn,
                                                xennet_interrupt, 0,
                                                queue->info->netdev->name,
                                                queue);
        if (err < 0)
                goto bind_fail;
        queue->rx_evtchn = queue->tx_evtchn;
        queue->rx_irq = queue->tx_irq = err;

        return 0;

bind_fail:
        xenbus_free_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, queue->tx_evtchn);
        queue->tx_evtchn = 0;
fail:
        return err;
}

static int setup_netfront_split(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int err;

        err = xenbus_alloc_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, &queue->tx_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                goto fail;
        err = xenbus_alloc_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, &queue->rx_evtchn);
        if (err < 0)
                goto alloc_rx_evtchn_fail;

        snprintf(queue->tx_irq_name, sizeof(queue->tx_irq_name),
                 "%s-tx", queue->name);
        err = bind_evtchn_to_irqhandler_lateeoi(queue->tx_evtchn,
                                                xennet_tx_interrupt, 0,
                                                queue->tx_irq_name, queue);
        if (err < 0)
                goto bind_tx_fail;
        queue->tx_irq = err;

        snprintf(queue->rx_irq_name, sizeof(queue->rx_irq_name),
                 "%s-rx", queue->name);
        err = bind_evtchn_to_irqhandler_lateeoi(queue->rx_evtchn,
                                                xennet_rx_interrupt, 0,
                                                queue->rx_irq_name, queue);
        if (err < 0)
                goto bind_rx_fail;
        queue->rx_irq = err;

        return 0;

bind_rx_fail:
        unbind_from_irqhandler(queue->tx_irq, queue);
        queue->tx_irq = 0;
bind_tx_fail:
        xenbus_free_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, queue->rx_evtchn);
        queue->rx_evtchn = 0;
alloc_rx_evtchn_fail:
        xenbus_free_evtchn(queue->info->xbdev, queue->tx_evtchn);
        queue->tx_evtchn = 0;
fail:
        return err;
}

static int setup_netfront(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                        struct netfront_queue *queue, unsigned int feature_split_evtchn)
{
        struct xen_netif_tx_sring *txs;
        struct xen_netif_rx_sring *rxs;
        int err;

        queue->tx_ring_ref = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
        queue->rx_ring_ref = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
        queue->rx.sring = NULL;
        queue->tx.sring = NULL;

        err = xenbus_setup_ring(dev, GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGH, (void **)&txs,
                                1, &queue->tx_ring_ref);
        if (err)
                goto fail;

        XEN_FRONT_RING_INIT(&queue->tx, txs, XEN_PAGE_SIZE);

        err = xenbus_setup_ring(dev, GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGH, (void **)&rxs,
                                1, &queue->rx_ring_ref);
        if (err)
                goto fail;

        XEN_FRONT_RING_INIT(&queue->rx, rxs, XEN_PAGE_SIZE);

        if (feature_split_evtchn)
                err = setup_netfront_split(queue);
        /* setup single event channel if
         *  a) feature-split-event-channels == 0
         *  b) feature-split-event-channels == 1 but failed to setup
         */
        if (!feature_split_evtchn || err)
                err = setup_netfront_single(queue);

        if (err)
                goto fail;

        return 0;

 fail:

        xenbus_teardown_ring((void **)&queue->rx.sring, 1, &queue->rx_ring_ref);
        xenbus_teardown_ring((void **)&queue->tx.sring, 1, &queue->tx_ring_ref);

        return err;
}

/* Queue-specific initialisation
 * This used to be done in xennet_create_dev() but must now
 * be run per-queue.
 */
static int xennet_init_queue(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        unsigned short i;
        int err = 0;
        char *devid;

        spin_lock_init(&queue->tx_lock);
        spin_lock_init(&queue->rx_lock);
        spin_lock_init(&queue->rx_cons_lock);

        timer_setup(&queue->rx_refill_timer, rx_refill_timeout, 0);

        devid = strrchr(queue->info->xbdev->nodename, '/') + 1;
        snprintf(queue->name, sizeof(queue->name), "vif%s-q%u",
                 devid, queue->id);

        /* Initialise tx_skb_freelist as a free chain containing every entry. */
        queue->tx_skb_freelist = 0;
        queue->tx_pend_queue = TX_LINK_NONE;
        for (i = 0; i < NET_TX_RING_SIZE; i++) {
                queue->tx_link[i] = i + 1;
                queue->grant_tx_ref[i] = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
                queue->grant_tx_page[i] = NULL;
        }
        queue->tx_link[NET_TX_RING_SIZE - 1] = TX_LINK_NONE;

        /* Clear out rx_skbs */
        for (i = 0; i < NET_RX_RING_SIZE; i++) {
                queue->rx_skbs[i] = NULL;
                queue->grant_rx_ref[i] = INVALID_GRANT_REF;
        }

        /* A grant for every tx ring slot */
        if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(NET_TX_RING_SIZE,
                                          &queue->gref_tx_head) < 0) {
                pr_alert("can't alloc tx grant refs\n");
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto exit;
        }

        /* A grant for every rx ring slot */
        if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(NET_RX_RING_SIZE,
                                          &queue->gref_rx_head) < 0) {
                pr_alert("can't alloc rx grant refs\n");
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto exit_free_tx;
        }

        return 0;

 exit_free_tx:
        gnttab_free_grant_references(queue->gref_tx_head);
 exit:
        return err;
}

static int write_queue_xenstore_keys(struct netfront_queue *queue,
                           struct xenbus_transaction *xbt, int write_hierarchical)
{
        /* Write the queue-specific keys into XenStore in the traditional
         * way for a single queue, or in a queue subkeys for multiple
         * queues.
         */
        struct xenbus_device *dev = queue->info->xbdev;
        int err;
        const char *message;
        char *path;
        size_t pathsize;

        /* Choose the correct place to write the keys */
        if (write_hierarchical) {
                pathsize = strlen(dev->nodename) + 10;
                path = kzalloc(pathsize, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!path) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        message = "out of memory while writing ring references";
                        goto error;
                }
                snprintf(path, pathsize, "%s/queue-%u",
                                dev->nodename, queue->id);
        } else {
                path = (char *)dev->nodename;
        }

        /* Write ring references */
        err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path, "tx-ring-ref", "%u",
                        queue->tx_ring_ref);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing tx-ring-ref";
                goto error;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path, "rx-ring-ref", "%u",
                        queue->rx_ring_ref);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing rx-ring-ref";
                goto error;
        }

        /* Write event channels; taking into account both shared
         * and split event channel scenarios.
         */
        if (queue->tx_evtchn == queue->rx_evtchn) {
                /* Shared event channel */
                err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path,
                                "event-channel", "%u", queue->tx_evtchn);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing event-channel";
                        goto error;
                }
        } else {
                /* Split event channels */
                err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path,
                                "event-channel-tx", "%u", queue->tx_evtchn);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing event-channel-tx";
                        goto error;
                }

                err = xenbus_printf(*xbt, path,
                                "event-channel-rx", "%u", queue->rx_evtchn);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing event-channel-rx";
                        goto error;
                }
        }

        if (write_hierarchical)
                kfree(path);
        return 0;

error:
        if (write_hierarchical)
                kfree(path);
        xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "%s", message);
        return err;
}



static int xennet_create_page_pool(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
        int err;
        struct page_pool_params pp_params = {
                .order = 0,
                .flags = 0,
                .pool_size = NET_RX_RING_SIZE,
                .nid = NUMA_NO_NODE,
                .dev = &queue->info->netdev->dev,
                .offset = XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM,
                .max_len = XEN_PAGE_SIZE - XDP_PACKET_HEADROOM,
        };

        queue->page_pool = page_pool_create(&pp_params);
        if (IS_ERR(queue->page_pool)) {
                err = PTR_ERR(queue->page_pool);
                queue->page_pool = NULL;
                return err;
        }

        err = xdp_rxq_info_reg(&queue->xdp_rxq, queue->info->netdev,
                               queue->id, 0);
        if (err) {
                netdev_err(queue->info->netdev, "xdp_rxq_info_reg failed\n");
                goto err_free_pp;
        }

        err = xdp_rxq_info_reg_mem_model(&queue->xdp_rxq,
                                         MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL, queue->page_pool);
        if (err) {
                netdev_err(queue->info->netdev, "xdp_rxq_info_reg_mem_model failed\n");
                goto err_unregister_rxq;
        }
        return 0;

err_unregister_rxq:
        xdp_rxq_info_unreg(&queue->xdp_rxq);
err_free_pp:
        page_pool_destroy(queue->page_pool);
        queue->page_pool = NULL;
        return err;
}

static int xennet_create_queues(struct netfront_info *info,
                                unsigned int *num_queues)
{
        unsigned int i;
        int ret;

        info->queues = kcalloc(*num_queues, sizeof(struct netfront_queue),
                               GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!info->queues)
                return -ENOMEM;

        for (i = 0; i < *num_queues; i++) {
                struct netfront_queue *queue = &info->queues[i];

                queue->id = i;
                queue->info = info;

                ret = xennet_init_queue(queue);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        dev_warn(&info->xbdev->dev,
                                 "only created %d queues\n", i);
                        *num_queues = i;
                        break;
                }

                /* use page pool recycling instead of buddy allocator */
                ret = xennet_create_page_pool(queue);
                if (ret < 0) {
                        dev_err(&info->xbdev->dev, "can't allocate page pool\n");
                        *num_queues = i;
                        return ret;
                }

                netif_napi_add(queue->info->netdev, &queue->napi,
                               xennet_poll, 64);
                if (netif_running(info->netdev))
                        napi_enable(&queue->napi);
        }

        netif_set_real_num_tx_queues(info->netdev, *num_queues);

        if (*num_queues == 0) {
                dev_err(&info->xbdev->dev, "no queues\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        return 0;
}

/* Common code used when first setting up, and when resuming. */
static int talk_to_netback(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                           struct netfront_info *info)
{
        const char *message;
        struct xenbus_transaction xbt;
        int err;
        unsigned int feature_split_evtchn;
        unsigned int i = 0;
        unsigned int max_queues = 0;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;
        unsigned int num_queues = 1;
        u8 addr[ETH_ALEN];

        info->netdev->irq = 0;

        /* Check if backend is trusted. */
        info->bounce = !xennet_trusted ||
                       !xenbus_read_unsigned(dev->nodename, "trusted", 1);

        /* Check if backend supports multiple queues */
        max_queues = xenbus_read_unsigned(info->xbdev->otherend,
                                          "multi-queue-max-queues", 1);
        num_queues = min(max_queues, xennet_max_queues);

        /* Check feature-split-event-channels */
        feature_split_evtchn = xenbus_read_unsigned(info->xbdev->otherend,
                                        "feature-split-event-channels", 0);

        /* Read mac addr. */
        err = xen_net_read_mac(dev, addr);
        if (err) {
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "parsing %s/mac", dev->nodename);
                goto out_unlocked;
        }
        eth_hw_addr_set(info->netdev, addr);

        info->netback_has_xdp_headroom = xenbus_read_unsigned(info->xbdev->otherend,
                                                              "feature-xdp-headroom", 0);
        if (info->netback_has_xdp_headroom) {
                /* set the current xen-netfront xdp state */
                err = talk_to_netback_xdp(info, info->netfront_xdp_enabled ?
                                          NETBACK_XDP_HEADROOM_ENABLE :
                                          NETBACK_XDP_HEADROOM_DISABLE);
                if (err)
                        goto out_unlocked;
        }

        rtnl_lock();
        if (info->queues)
                xennet_destroy_queues(info);

        /* For the case of a reconnect reset the "broken" indicator. */
        info->broken = false;

        err = xennet_create_queues(info, &num_queues);
        if (err < 0) {
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating queues");
                kfree(info->queues);
                info->queues = NULL;
                goto out;
        }
        rtnl_unlock();

        /* Create shared ring, alloc event channel -- for each queue */
        for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                queue = &info->queues[i];
                err = setup_netfront(dev, queue, feature_split_evtchn);
                if (err)
                        goto destroy_ring;
        }

again:
        err = xenbus_transaction_start(&xbt);
        if (err) {
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "starting transaction");
                goto destroy_ring;
        }

        if (xenbus_exists(XBT_NIL,
                          info->xbdev->otherend, "multi-queue-max-queues")) {
                /* Write the number of queues */
                err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename,
                                    "multi-queue-num-queues", "%u", num_queues);
                if (err) {
                        message = "writing multi-queue-num-queues";
                        goto abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal;
                }
        }

        if (num_queues == 1) {
                err = write_queue_xenstore_keys(&info->queues[0], &xbt, 0); /* flat */
                if (err)
                        goto abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal;
        } else {
                /* Write the keys for each queue */
                for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
                        queue = &info->queues[i];
                        err = write_queue_xenstore_keys(queue, &xbt, 1); /* hierarchical */
                        if (err)
                                goto abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal;
                }
        }

        /* The remaining keys are not queue-specific */
        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "request-rx-copy", "%u",
                            1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing request-rx-copy";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-rx-notify", "%d", 1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-rx-notify";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-sg", "%d", 1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-sg";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-gso-tcpv4", "%d", 1);
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-gso-tcpv4";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_write(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-gso-tcpv6", "1");
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-gso-tcpv6";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_write(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-ipv6-csum-offload",
                           "1");
        if (err) {
                message = "writing feature-ipv6-csum-offload";
                goto abort_transaction;
        }

        err = xenbus_transaction_end(xbt, 0);
        if (err) {
                if (err == -EAGAIN)
                        goto again;
                xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "completing transaction");
                goto destroy_ring;
        }

        return 0;

 abort_transaction:
        xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "%s", message);
abort_transaction_no_dev_fatal:
        xenbus_transaction_end(xbt, 1);
 destroy_ring:
        xennet_disconnect_backend(info);
        rtnl_lock();
        xennet_destroy_queues(info);
 out:
        rtnl_unlock();
out_unlocked:
        device_unregister(&dev->dev);
        return err;
}

static int xennet_connect(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int num_queues = 0;
        int err;
        unsigned int j = 0;
        struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;

        if (!xenbus_read_unsigned(np->xbdev->otherend, "feature-rx-copy", 0)) {
                dev_info(&dev->dev,
                         "backend does not support copying receive path\n");
                return -ENODEV;
        }

        err = talk_to_netback(np->xbdev, np);
        if (err)
                return err;
        if (np->netback_has_xdp_headroom)
                pr_info("backend supports XDP headroom\n");
        if (np->bounce)
                dev_info(&np->xbdev->dev,
                         "bouncing transmitted data to zeroed pages\n");

        /* talk_to_netback() sets the correct number of queues */
        num_queues = dev->real_num_tx_queues;

        if (dev->reg_state == NETREG_UNINITIALIZED) {
                err = register_netdev(dev);
                if (err) {
                        pr_warn("%s: register_netdev err=%d\n", __func__, err);
                        device_unregister(&np->xbdev->dev);
                        return err;
                }
        }

        rtnl_lock();
        netdev_update_features(dev);
        rtnl_unlock();

        /*
         * All public and private state should now be sane.  Get
         * ready to start sending and receiving packets and give the driver
         * domain a kick because we've probably just requeued some
         * packets.
         */
        netif_tx_lock_bh(np->netdev);
        netif_device_attach(np->netdev);
        netif_tx_unlock_bh(np->netdev);

        netif_carrier_on(np->netdev);
        for (j = 0; j < num_queues; ++j) {
                queue = &np->queues[j];

                notify_remote_via_irq(queue->tx_irq);
                if (queue->tx_irq != queue->rx_irq)
                        notify_remote_via_irq(queue->rx_irq);

                spin_lock_irq(&queue->tx_lock);
                xennet_tx_buf_gc(queue);
                spin_unlock_irq(&queue->tx_lock);

                spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
                xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);
                spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
        }

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Callback received when the backend's state changes.
 */
static void netback_changed(struct xenbus_device *dev,
                            enum xenbus_state backend_state)
{
        struct netfront_info *np = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);
        struct net_device *netdev = np->netdev;

        dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%s\n", xenbus_strstate(backend_state));

        wake_up_all(&module_wq);

        switch (backend_state) {
        case XenbusStateInitialising:
        case XenbusStateInitialised:
        case XenbusStateReconfiguring:
        case XenbusStateReconfigured:
        case XenbusStateUnknown:
                break;

        case XenbusStateInitWait:
                if (dev->state != XenbusStateInitialising)
                        break;
                if (xennet_connect(netdev) != 0)
                        break;
                xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateConnected);
                break;

        case XenbusStateConnected:
                netdev_notify_peers(netdev);
                break;

        case XenbusStateClosed:
                if (dev->state == XenbusStateClosed)
                        break;
                fallthrough;    /* Missed the backend's CLOSING state */
        case XenbusStateClosing:
                xenbus_frontend_closed(dev);
                break;
        }
}

static const struct xennet_stat {
        char name[ETH_GSTRING_LEN];
        u16 offset;
} xennet_stats[] = {
        {
                "rx_gso_checksum_fixup",
                offsetof(struct netfront_info, rx_gso_checksum_fixup)
        },
};

static int xennet_get_sset_count(struct net_device *dev, int string_set)
{
        switch (string_set) {
        case ETH_SS_STATS:
                return ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_stats);
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }
}

static void xennet_get_ethtool_stats(struct net_device *dev,
                                     struct ethtool_stats *stats, u64 * data)
{
        void *np = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_stats); i++)
                data[i] = atomic_read((atomic_t *)(np + xennet_stats[i].offset));
}

static void xennet_get_strings(struct net_device *dev, u32 stringset, u8 * data)
{
        int i;

        switch (stringset) {
        case ETH_SS_STATS:
                for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xennet_stats); i++)
                        memcpy(data + i * ETH_GSTRING_LEN,
                               xennet_stats[i].name, ETH_GSTRING_LEN);
                break;
        }
}

static const struct ethtool_ops xennet_ethtool_ops =
{
        .get_link = ethtool_op_get_link,

        .get_sset_count = xennet_get_sset_count,
        .get_ethtool_stats = xennet_get_ethtool_stats,
        .get_strings = xennet_get_strings,
        .get_ts_info = ethtool_op_get_ts_info,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static ssize_t show_rxbuf(struct device *dev,
                          struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", NET_RX_RING_SIZE);
}

static ssize_t store_rxbuf(struct device *dev,
                           struct device_attribute *attr,
                           const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        char *endp;

        if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
                return -EPERM;

        simple_strtoul(buf, &endp, 0);
        if (endp == buf)
                return -EBADMSG;

        /* rxbuf_min and rxbuf_max are no longer configurable. */

        return len;
}

static DEVICE_ATTR(rxbuf_min, 0644, show_rxbuf, store_rxbuf);
static DEVICE_ATTR(rxbuf_max, 0644, show_rxbuf, store_rxbuf);
static DEVICE_ATTR(rxbuf_cur, 0444, show_rxbuf, NULL);

static struct attribute *xennet_dev_attrs[] = {
        &dev_attr_rxbuf_min.attr,
        &dev_attr_rxbuf_max.attr,
        &dev_attr_rxbuf_cur.attr,
        NULL
};

static const struct attribute_group xennet_dev_group = {
        .attrs = xennet_dev_attrs
};
#endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */

static void xennet_bus_close(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        int ret;

        if (xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) == XenbusStateClosed)
                return;
        do {
                xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateClosing);
                ret = wait_event_timeout(module_wq,
                                   xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) ==
                                   XenbusStateClosing ||
                                   xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) ==
                                   XenbusStateClosed ||
                                   xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) ==
                                   XenbusStateUnknown,
                                   XENNET_TIMEOUT);
        } while (!ret);

        if (xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) == XenbusStateClosed)
                return;

        do {
                xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateClosed);
                ret = wait_event_timeout(module_wq,
                                   xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) ==
                                   XenbusStateClosed ||
                                   xenbus_read_driver_state(dev->otherend) ==
                                   XenbusStateUnknown,
                                   XENNET_TIMEOUT);
        } while (!ret);
}

static int xennet_remove(struct xenbus_device *dev)
{
        struct netfront_info *info = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);

        xennet_bus_close(dev);
        xennet_disconnect_backend(info);

        if (info->netdev->reg_state == NETREG_REGISTERED)
                unregister_netdev(info->netdev);

        if (info->queues) {
                rtnl_lock();
                xennet_destroy_queues(info);
                rtnl_unlock();
        }
        xennet_free_netdev(info->netdev);

        return 0;
}

static const struct xenbus_device_id netfront_ids[] = {
        { "vif" },
        { "" }
};

static struct xenbus_driver netfront_driver = {
        .ids = netfront_ids,
        .probe = netfront_probe,
        .remove = xennet_remove,
        .resume = netfront_resume,
        .otherend_changed = netback_changed,
};

static int __init netif_init(void)
{
        if (!xen_domain())
                return -ENODEV;

        if (!xen_has_pv_nic_devices())
                return -ENODEV;

        pr_info("Initialising Xen virtual ethernet driver\n");

        /* Allow as many queues as there are CPUs inut max. 8 if user has not
         * specified a value.
         */
        if (xennet_max_queues == 0)
                xennet_max_queues = min_t(unsigned int, MAX_QUEUES_DEFAULT,
                                          num_online_cpus());

        return xenbus_register_frontend(&netfront_driver);
}
module_init(netif_init);


static void __exit netif_exit(void)
{
        xenbus_unregister_driver(&netfront_driver);
}
module_exit(netif_exit);

MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Xen virtual network device frontend");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_ALIAS("xen:vif");
MODULE_ALIAS("xennet");