linux/tools/testing/selftests/proc/proc-pid-vm.c
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   1/*
   2 * Copyright (c) 2019 Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
   3 *
   4 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
   5 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
   6 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
   7 *
   8 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
   9 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  10 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
  11 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  12 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
  13 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  14 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  15 */
  16/*
  17 * Fork and exec tiny 1 page executable which precisely controls its VM.
  18 * Test /proc/$PID/maps
  19 * Test /proc/$PID/smaps
  20 * Test /proc/$PID/smaps_rollup
  21 * Test /proc/$PID/statm
  22 *
  23 * FIXME require CONFIG_TMPFS which can be disabled
  24 * FIXME test other values from "smaps"
  25 * FIXME support other archs
  26 */
  27#undef NDEBUG
  28#include <assert.h>
  29#include <errno.h>
  30#include <sched.h>
  31#include <signal.h>
  32#include <stdbool.h>
  33#include <stdint.h>
  34#include <stdio.h>
  35#include <string.h>
  36#include <stdlib.h>
  37#include <sys/mount.h>
  38#include <sys/types.h>
  39#include <sys/stat.h>
  40#include <sys/wait.h>
  41#include <fcntl.h>
  42#include <unistd.h>
  43#include <sys/syscall.h>
  44#include <sys/uio.h>
  45#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
  46#include <sys/time.h>
  47#include <sys/resource.h>
  48
  49static inline long sys_execveat(int dirfd, const char *pathname, char **argv, char **envp, int flags)
  50{
  51        return syscall(SYS_execveat, dirfd, pathname, argv, envp, flags);
  52}
  53
  54static void make_private_tmp(void)
  55{
  56        if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) == -1) {
  57                if (errno == ENOSYS || errno == EPERM) {
  58                        exit(4);
  59                }
  60                exit(1);
  61        }
  62        if (mount(NULL, "/", NULL, MS_PRIVATE|MS_REC, NULL) == -1) {
  63                exit(1);
  64        }
  65        if (mount(NULL, "/tmp", "tmpfs", 0, NULL) == -1) {
  66                exit(1);
  67        }
  68}
  69
  70static pid_t pid = -1;
  71static void ate(void)
  72{
  73        if (pid > 0) {
  74                kill(pid, SIGTERM);
  75        }
  76}
  77
  78struct elf64_hdr {
  79        uint8_t e_ident[16];
  80        uint16_t e_type;
  81        uint16_t e_machine;
  82        uint32_t e_version;
  83        uint64_t e_entry;
  84        uint64_t e_phoff;
  85        uint64_t e_shoff;
  86        uint32_t e_flags;
  87        uint16_t e_ehsize;
  88        uint16_t e_phentsize;
  89        uint16_t e_phnum;
  90        uint16_t e_shentsize;
  91        uint16_t e_shnum;
  92        uint16_t e_shstrndx;
  93};
  94
  95struct elf64_phdr {
  96        uint32_t p_type;
  97        uint32_t p_flags;
  98        uint64_t p_offset;
  99        uint64_t p_vaddr;
 100        uint64_t p_paddr;
 101        uint64_t p_filesz;
 102        uint64_t p_memsz;
 103        uint64_t p_align;
 104};
 105
 106#ifdef __x86_64__
 107#define PAGE_SIZE 4096
 108#define VADDR (1UL << 32)
 109#define MAPS_OFFSET 73
 110
 111#define syscall 0x0f, 0x05
 112#define mov_rdi(x)      \
 113        0x48, 0xbf,     \
 114        (x)&0xff, ((x)>>8)&0xff, ((x)>>16)&0xff, ((x)>>24)&0xff,        \
 115        ((x)>>32)&0xff, ((x)>>40)&0xff, ((x)>>48)&0xff, ((x)>>56)&0xff
 116
 117#define mov_rsi(x)      \
 118        0x48, 0xbe,     \
 119        (x)&0xff, ((x)>>8)&0xff, ((x)>>16)&0xff, ((x)>>24)&0xff,        \
 120        ((x)>>32)&0xff, ((x)>>40)&0xff, ((x)>>48)&0xff, ((x)>>56)&0xff
 121
 122#define mov_eax(x)      \
 123        0xb8, (x)&0xff, ((x)>>8)&0xff, ((x)>>16)&0xff, ((x)>>24)&0xff
 124
 125static const uint8_t payload[] = {
 126        /* Casually unmap stack, vDSO and everything else. */
 127        /* munmap */
 128        mov_rdi(VADDR + 4096),
 129        mov_rsi((1ULL << 47) - 4096 - VADDR - 4096),
 130        mov_eax(11),
 131        syscall,
 132
 133        /* Ping parent. */
 134        /* write(0, &c, 1); */
 135        0x31, 0xff,                                     /* xor edi, edi */
 136        0x48, 0x8d, 0x35, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,       /* lea rsi, [rip] */
 137        0xba, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,                   /* mov edx, 1 */
 138        mov_eax(1),
 139        syscall,
 140
 141        /* 1: pause(); */
 142        mov_eax(34),
 143        syscall,
 144
 145        0xeb, 0xf7,     /* jmp 1b */
 146};
 147
 148static int make_exe(const uint8_t *payload, size_t len)
 149{
 150        struct elf64_hdr h;
 151        struct elf64_phdr ph;
 152
 153        struct iovec iov[3] = {
 154                {&h, sizeof(struct elf64_hdr)},
 155                {&ph, sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)},
 156                {(void *)payload, len},
 157        };
 158        int fd, fd1;
 159        char buf[64];
 160
 161        memset(&h, 0, sizeof(h));
 162        h.e_ident[0] = 0x7f;
 163        h.e_ident[1] = 'E';
 164        h.e_ident[2] = 'L';
 165        h.e_ident[3] = 'F';
 166        h.e_ident[4] = 2;
 167        h.e_ident[5] = 1;
 168        h.e_ident[6] = 1;
 169        h.e_ident[7] = 0;
 170        h.e_type = 2;
 171        h.e_machine = 0x3e;
 172        h.e_version = 1;
 173        h.e_entry = VADDR + sizeof(struct elf64_hdr) + sizeof(struct elf64_phdr);
 174        h.e_phoff = sizeof(struct elf64_hdr);
 175        h.e_shoff = 0;
 176        h.e_flags = 0;
 177        h.e_ehsize = sizeof(struct elf64_hdr);
 178        h.e_phentsize = sizeof(struct elf64_phdr);
 179        h.e_phnum = 1;
 180        h.e_shentsize = 0;
 181        h.e_shnum = 0;
 182        h.e_shstrndx = 0;
 183
 184        memset(&ph, 0, sizeof(ph));
 185        ph.p_type = 1;
 186        ph.p_flags = (1<<2)|1;
 187        ph.p_offset = 0;
 188        ph.p_vaddr = VADDR;
 189        ph.p_paddr = 0;
 190        ph.p_filesz = sizeof(struct elf64_hdr) + sizeof(struct elf64_phdr) + len;
 191        ph.p_memsz = sizeof(struct elf64_hdr) + sizeof(struct elf64_phdr) + len;
 192        ph.p_align = 4096;
 193
 194        fd = openat(AT_FDCWD, "/tmp", O_WRONLY|O_EXCL|O_TMPFILE, 0700);
 195        if (fd == -1) {
 196                exit(1);
 197        }
 198
 199        if (writev(fd, iov, 3) != sizeof(struct elf64_hdr) + sizeof(struct elf64_phdr) + len) {
 200                exit(1);
 201        }
 202
 203        /* Avoid ETXTBSY on exec. */
 204        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/self/fd/%u", fd);
 205        fd1 = open(buf, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
 206        close(fd);
 207
 208        return fd1;
 209}
 210#endif
 211
 212static bool g_vsyscall = false;
 213
 214static const char str_vsyscall[] =
 215"ffffffffff600000-ffffffffff601000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0                  [vsyscall]\n";
 216
 217#ifdef __x86_64__
 218/*
 219 * vsyscall page can't be unmapped, probe it with memory load.
 220 */
 221static void vsyscall(void)
 222{
 223        pid_t pid;
 224        int wstatus;
 225
 226        pid = fork();
 227        if (pid < 0) {
 228                fprintf(stderr, "fork, errno %d\n", errno);
 229                exit(1);
 230        }
 231        if (pid == 0) {
 232                struct rlimit rlim = {0, 0};
 233                (void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
 234                *(volatile int *)0xffffffffff600000UL;
 235                exit(0);
 236        }
 237        wait(&wstatus);
 238        if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
 239                g_vsyscall = true;
 240        }
 241}
 242
 243int main(void)
 244{
 245        int pipefd[2];
 246        int exec_fd;
 247
 248        vsyscall();
 249
 250        atexit(ate);
 251
 252        make_private_tmp();
 253
 254        /* Reserve fd 0 for 1-byte pipe ping from child. */
 255        close(0);
 256        if (open("/", O_RDONLY|O_DIRECTORY|O_PATH) != 0) {
 257                return 1;
 258        }
 259
 260        exec_fd = make_exe(payload, sizeof(payload));
 261
 262        if (pipe(pipefd) == -1) {
 263                return 1;
 264        }
 265        if (dup2(pipefd[1], 0) != 0) {
 266                return 1;
 267        }
 268
 269        pid = fork();
 270        if (pid == -1) {
 271                return 1;
 272        }
 273        if (pid == 0) {
 274                sys_execveat(exec_fd, "", NULL, NULL, AT_EMPTY_PATH);
 275                return 1;
 276        }
 277
 278        char _;
 279        if (read(pipefd[0], &_, 1) != 1) {
 280                return 1;
 281        }
 282
 283        struct stat st;
 284        if (fstat(exec_fd, &st) == -1) {
 285                return 1;
 286        }
 287
 288        /* Generate "head -n1 /proc/$PID/maps" */
 289        char buf0[256];
 290        memset(buf0, ' ', sizeof(buf0));
 291        int len = snprintf(buf0, sizeof(buf0),
 292                        "%08lx-%08lx r-xp 00000000 %02lx:%02lx %llu",
 293                        VADDR, VADDR + PAGE_SIZE,
 294                        MAJOR(st.st_dev), MINOR(st.st_dev),
 295                        (unsigned long long)st.st_ino);
 296        buf0[len] = ' ';
 297        snprintf(buf0 + MAPS_OFFSET, sizeof(buf0) - MAPS_OFFSET,
 298                 "/tmp/#%llu (deleted)\n", (unsigned long long)st.st_ino);
 299
 300        /* Test /proc/$PID/maps */
 301        {
 302                const size_t len = strlen(buf0) + (g_vsyscall ? strlen(str_vsyscall) : 0);
 303                char buf[256];
 304                ssize_t rv;
 305                int fd;
 306
 307                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%u/maps", pid);
 308                fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
 309                if (fd == -1) {
 310                        return 1;
 311                }
 312                rv = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
 313                assert(rv == len);
 314                assert(memcmp(buf, buf0, strlen(buf0)) == 0);
 315                if (g_vsyscall) {
 316                        assert(memcmp(buf + strlen(buf0), str_vsyscall, strlen(str_vsyscall)) == 0);
 317                }
 318        }
 319
 320        /* Test /proc/$PID/smaps */
 321        {
 322                char buf[4096];
 323                ssize_t rv;
 324                int fd;
 325
 326                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%u/smaps", pid);
 327                fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
 328                if (fd == -1) {
 329                        return 1;
 330                }
 331                rv = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
 332                assert(0 <= rv && rv <= sizeof(buf));
 333
 334                assert(rv >= strlen(buf0));
 335                assert(memcmp(buf, buf0, strlen(buf0)) == 0);
 336
 337#define RSS1 "Rss:                   4 kB\n"
 338#define RSS2 "Rss:                   0 kB\n"
 339#define PSS1 "Pss:                   4 kB\n"
 340#define PSS2 "Pss:                   0 kB\n"
 341                assert(memmem(buf, rv, RSS1, strlen(RSS1)) ||
 342                       memmem(buf, rv, RSS2, strlen(RSS2)));
 343                assert(memmem(buf, rv, PSS1, strlen(PSS1)) ||
 344                       memmem(buf, rv, PSS2, strlen(PSS2)));
 345
 346                static const char *S[] = {
 347                        "Size:                  4 kB\n",
 348                        "KernelPageSize:        4 kB\n",
 349                        "MMUPageSize:           4 kB\n",
 350                        "Anonymous:             0 kB\n",
 351                        "AnonHugePages:         0 kB\n",
 352                        "Shared_Hugetlb:        0 kB\n",
 353                        "Private_Hugetlb:       0 kB\n",
 354                        "Locked:                0 kB\n",
 355                };
 356                int i;
 357
 358                for (i = 0; i < sizeof(S)/sizeof(S[0]); i++) {
 359                        assert(memmem(buf, rv, S[i], strlen(S[i])));
 360                }
 361
 362                if (g_vsyscall) {
 363                        assert(memmem(buf, rv, str_vsyscall, strlen(str_vsyscall)));
 364                }
 365        }
 366
 367        /* Test /proc/$PID/smaps_rollup */
 368        {
 369                char bufr[256];
 370                memset(bufr, ' ', sizeof(bufr));
 371                len = snprintf(bufr, sizeof(bufr),
 372                                "%08lx-%08lx ---p 00000000 00:00 0",
 373                                VADDR, VADDR + PAGE_SIZE);
 374                bufr[len] = ' ';
 375                snprintf(bufr + MAPS_OFFSET, sizeof(bufr) - MAPS_OFFSET,
 376                         "[rollup]\n");
 377
 378                char buf[1024];
 379                ssize_t rv;
 380                int fd;
 381
 382                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%u/smaps_rollup", pid);
 383                fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
 384                if (fd == -1) {
 385                        return 1;
 386                }
 387                rv = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
 388                assert(0 <= rv && rv <= sizeof(buf));
 389
 390                assert(rv >= strlen(bufr));
 391                assert(memcmp(buf, bufr, strlen(bufr)) == 0);
 392
 393                assert(memmem(buf, rv, RSS1, strlen(RSS1)) ||
 394                       memmem(buf, rv, RSS2, strlen(RSS2)));
 395                assert(memmem(buf, rv, PSS1, strlen(PSS1)) ||
 396                       memmem(buf, rv, PSS2, strlen(PSS2)));
 397
 398                static const char *S[] = {
 399                        "Anonymous:             0 kB\n",
 400                        "AnonHugePages:         0 kB\n",
 401                        "Shared_Hugetlb:        0 kB\n",
 402                        "Private_Hugetlb:       0 kB\n",
 403                        "Locked:                0 kB\n",
 404                };
 405                int i;
 406
 407                for (i = 0; i < sizeof(S)/sizeof(S[0]); i++) {
 408                        assert(memmem(buf, rv, S[i], strlen(S[i])));
 409                }
 410        }
 411
 412        /* Test /proc/$PID/statm */
 413        {
 414                char buf[64];
 415                ssize_t rv;
 416                int fd;
 417
 418                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%u/statm", pid);
 419                fd = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
 420                if (fd == -1) {
 421                        return 1;
 422                }
 423                rv = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
 424                assert(rv == 7 * 2);
 425
 426                assert(buf[0] == '1');  /* ->total_vm */
 427                assert(buf[1] == ' ');
 428                assert(buf[2] == '0' || buf[2] == '1'); /* rss */
 429                assert(buf[3] == ' ');
 430                assert(buf[4] == '0' || buf[2] == '1'); /* file rss */
 431                assert(buf[5] == ' ');
 432                assert(buf[6] == '1');  /* ELF executable segments */
 433                assert(buf[7] == ' ');
 434                assert(buf[8] == '0');
 435                assert(buf[9] == ' ');
 436                assert(buf[10] == '0'); /* ->data_vm + ->stack_vm */
 437                assert(buf[11] == ' ');
 438                assert(buf[12] == '0');
 439                assert(buf[13] == '\n');
 440        }
 441
 442        return 0;
 443}
 444#else
 445int main(void)
 446{
 447        return 4;
 448}
 449#endif
 450