// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
 * Directory notifications for Linux.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Stephen Rothwell
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2009 Eric Paris <Red Hat Inc>
 * dnotify was largly rewritten to use the new fsnotify infrastructure
 */
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/dnotify.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/fdtable.h>
#include <linux/fsnotify_backend.h>

int dir_notify_enable __read_mostly = 1;

static struct kmem_cache *dnotify_struct_cache __read_mostly;
static struct kmem_cache *dnotify_mark_cache __read_mostly;
static struct fsnotify_group *dnotify_group __read_mostly;

/*
 * dnotify will attach one of these to each inode (i_fsnotify_marks) which
 * is being watched by dnotify.  If multiple userspace applications are watching
 * the same directory with dnotify their information is chained in dn
 */
struct dnotify_mark {
        struct fsnotify_mark fsn_mark;
        struct dnotify_struct *dn;
};

/*
 * When a process starts or stops watching an inode the set of events which
 * dnotify cares about for that inode may change.  This function runs the
 * list of everything receiving dnotify events about this directory and calculates
 * the set of all those events.  After it updates what dnotify is interested in
 * it calls the fsnotify function so it can update the set of all events relevant
 * to this inode.
 */
static void dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(struct fsnotify_mark *fsn_mark)
{
        __u32 new_mask = 0;
        struct dnotify_struct *dn;
        struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark  = container_of(fsn_mark,
                                                     struct dnotify_mark,
                                                     fsn_mark);

        assert_spin_locked(&fsn_mark->lock);

        for (dn = dn_mark->dn; dn != NULL; dn = dn->dn_next)
                new_mask |= (dn->dn_mask & ~FS_DN_MULTISHOT);
        if (fsn_mark->mask == new_mask)
                return;
        fsn_mark->mask = new_mask;

        fsnotify_recalc_mask(fsn_mark->connector);
}

/*
 * Mains fsnotify call where events are delivered to dnotify.
 * Find the dnotify mark on the relevant inode, run the list of dnotify structs
 * on that mark and determine which of them has expressed interest in receiving
 * events of this type.  When found send the correct process and signal and
 * destroy the dnotify struct if it was not registered to receive multiple
 * events.
 */
static int dnotify_handle_event(struct fsnotify_group *group,
                                struct inode *inode,
                                u32 mask, const void *data, int data_type,
                                const struct qstr *file_name, u32 cookie,
                                struct fsnotify_iter_info *iter_info)
{
        struct fsnotify_mark *inode_mark = fsnotify_iter_inode_mark(iter_info);
        struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark;
        struct dnotify_struct *dn;
        struct dnotify_struct **prev;
        struct fown_struct *fown;
        __u32 test_mask = mask & ~FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD;

        /* not a dir, dnotify doesn't care */
        if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
                return 0;

        if (WARN_ON(fsnotify_iter_vfsmount_mark(iter_info)))
                return 0;

        dn_mark = container_of(inode_mark, struct dnotify_mark, fsn_mark);

        spin_lock(&inode_mark->lock);
        prev = &dn_mark->dn;
        while ((dn = *prev) != NULL) {
                if ((dn->dn_mask & test_mask) == 0) {
                        prev = &dn->dn_next;
                        continue;
                }
                fown = &dn->dn_filp->f_owner;
                send_sigio(fown, dn->dn_fd, POLL_MSG);
                if (dn->dn_mask & FS_DN_MULTISHOT)
                        prev = &dn->dn_next;
                else {
                        *prev = dn->dn_next;
                        kmem_cache_free(dnotify_struct_cache, dn);
                        dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(inode_mark);
                }
        }

        spin_unlock(&inode_mark->lock);

        return 0;
}

static void dnotify_free_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *fsn_mark)
{
        struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark = container_of(fsn_mark,
                                                    struct dnotify_mark,
                                                    fsn_mark);

        BUG_ON(dn_mark->dn);

        kmem_cache_free(dnotify_mark_cache, dn_mark);
}

static const struct fsnotify_ops dnotify_fsnotify_ops = {
        .handle_event = dnotify_handle_event,
        .free_mark = dnotify_free_mark,
};

/*
 * Called every time a file is closed.  Looks first for a dnotify mark on the
 * inode.  If one is found run all of the ->dn structures attached to that
 * mark for one relevant to this process closing the file and remove that
 * dnotify_struct.  If that was the last dnotify_struct also remove the
 * fsnotify_mark.
 */
void dnotify_flush(struct file *filp, fl_owner_t id)
{
        struct fsnotify_mark *fsn_mark;
        struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark;
        struct dnotify_struct *dn;
        struct dnotify_struct **prev;
        struct inode *inode;
        bool free = false;

        inode = file_inode(filp);
        if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
                return;

        fsn_mark = fsnotify_find_mark(&inode->i_fsnotify_marks, dnotify_group);
        if (!fsn_mark)
                return;
        dn_mark = container_of(fsn_mark, struct dnotify_mark, fsn_mark);

        mutex_lock(&dnotify_group->mark_mutex);

        spin_lock(&fsn_mark->lock);
        prev = &dn_mark->dn;
        while ((dn = *prev) != NULL) {
                if ((dn->dn_owner == id) && (dn->dn_filp == filp)) {
                        *prev = dn->dn_next;
                        kmem_cache_free(dnotify_struct_cache, dn);
                        dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(fsn_mark);
                        break;
                }
                prev = &dn->dn_next;
        }

        spin_unlock(&fsn_mark->lock);

        /* nothing else could have found us thanks to the dnotify_groups
           mark_mutex */
        if (dn_mark->dn == NULL) {
                fsnotify_detach_mark(fsn_mark);
                free = true;
        }

        mutex_unlock(&dnotify_group->mark_mutex);

        if (free)
                fsnotify_free_mark(fsn_mark);
        fsnotify_put_mark(fsn_mark);
}

/* this conversion is done only at watch creation */
static __u32 convert_arg(unsigned long arg)
{
        __u32 new_mask = FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD;

        if (arg & DN_MULTISHOT)
                new_mask |= FS_DN_MULTISHOT;
        if (arg & DN_DELETE)
                new_mask |= (FS_DELETE | FS_MOVED_FROM);
        if (arg & DN_MODIFY)
                new_mask |= FS_MODIFY;
        if (arg & DN_ACCESS)
                new_mask |= FS_ACCESS;
        if (arg & DN_ATTRIB)
                new_mask |= FS_ATTRIB;
        if (arg & DN_RENAME)
                new_mask |= FS_DN_RENAME;
        if (arg & DN_CREATE)
                new_mask |= (FS_CREATE | FS_MOVED_TO);

        return new_mask;
}

/*
 * If multiple processes watch the same inode with dnotify there is only one
 * dnotify mark in inode->i_fsnotify_marks but we chain a dnotify_struct
 * onto that mark.  This function either attaches the new dnotify_struct onto
 * that list, or it |= the mask onto an existing dnofiy_struct.
 */
static int attach_dn(struct dnotify_struct *dn, struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark,
                     fl_owner_t id, int fd, struct file *filp, __u32 mask)
{
        struct dnotify_struct *odn;

        odn = dn_mark->dn;
        while (odn != NULL) {
                /* adding more events to existing dnofiy_struct? */
                if ((odn->dn_owner == id) && (odn->dn_filp == filp)) {
                        odn->dn_fd = fd;
                        odn->dn_mask |= mask;
                        return -EEXIST;
                }
                odn = odn->dn_next;
        }

        dn->dn_mask = mask;
        dn->dn_fd = fd;
        dn->dn_filp = filp;
        dn->dn_owner = id;
        dn->dn_next = dn_mark->dn;
        dn_mark->dn = dn;

        return 0;
}

/*
 * When a process calls fcntl to attach a dnotify watch to a directory it ends
 * up here.  Allocate both a mark for fsnotify to add and a dnotify_struct to be
 * attached to the fsnotify_mark.
 */
int fcntl_dirnotify(int fd, struct file *filp, unsigned long arg)
{
        struct dnotify_mark *new_dn_mark, *dn_mark;
        struct fsnotify_mark *new_fsn_mark, *fsn_mark;
        struct dnotify_struct *dn;
        struct inode *inode;
        fl_owner_t id = current->files;
        struct file *f;
        int destroy = 0, error = 0;
        __u32 mask;

        /* we use these to tell if we need to kfree */
        new_fsn_mark = NULL;
        dn = NULL;

        if (!dir_notify_enable) {
                error = -EINVAL;
                goto out_err;
        }

        /* a 0 mask means we are explicitly removing the watch */
        if ((arg & ~DN_MULTISHOT) == 0) {
                dnotify_flush(filp, id);
                error = 0;
                goto out_err;
        }

        /* dnotify only works on directories */
        inode = file_inode(filp);
        if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
                error = -ENOTDIR;
                goto out_err;
        }

        /* expect most fcntl to add new rather than augment old */
        dn = kmem_cache_alloc(dnotify_struct_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!dn) {
                error = -ENOMEM;
                goto out_err;
        }

        /* new fsnotify mark, we expect most fcntl calls to add a new mark */
        new_dn_mark = kmem_cache_alloc(dnotify_mark_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!new_dn_mark) {
                error = -ENOMEM;
                goto out_err;
        }

        /* convert the userspace DN_* "arg" to the internal FS_* defines in fsnotify */
        mask = convert_arg(arg);

        /* set up the new_fsn_mark and new_dn_mark */
        new_fsn_mark = &new_dn_mark->fsn_mark;
        fsnotify_init_mark(new_fsn_mark, dnotify_group);
        new_fsn_mark->mask = mask;
        new_dn_mark->dn = NULL;

        /* this is needed to prevent the fcntl/close race described below */
        mutex_lock(&dnotify_group->mark_mutex);

        /* add the new_fsn_mark or find an old one. */
        fsn_mark = fsnotify_find_mark(&inode->i_fsnotify_marks, dnotify_group);
        if (fsn_mark) {
                dn_mark = container_of(fsn_mark, struct dnotify_mark, fsn_mark);
                spin_lock(&fsn_mark->lock);
        } else {
                error = fsnotify_add_inode_mark_locked(new_fsn_mark, inode, 0);
                if (error) {
                        mutex_unlock(&dnotify_group->mark_mutex);
                        goto out_err;
                }
                spin_lock(&new_fsn_mark->lock);
                fsn_mark = new_fsn_mark;
                dn_mark = new_dn_mark;
                /* we used new_fsn_mark, so don't free it */
                new_fsn_mark = NULL;
        }

        rcu_read_lock();
        f = fcheck(fd);
        rcu_read_unlock();

        /* if (f != filp) means that we lost a race and another task/thread
         * actually closed the fd we are still playing with before we grabbed
         * the dnotify_groups mark_mutex and fsn_mark->lock.  Since closing the
         * fd is the only time we clean up the marks we need to get our mark
         * off the list. */
        if (f != filp) {
                /* if we added ourselves, shoot ourselves, it's possible that
                 * the flush actually did shoot this fsn_mark.  That's fine too
                 * since multiple calls to destroy_mark is perfectly safe, if
                 * we found a dn_mark already attached to the inode, just sod
                 * off silently as the flush at close time dealt with it.
                 */
                if (dn_mark == new_dn_mark)
                        destroy = 1;
                error = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        __f_setown(filp, task_pid(current), PIDTYPE_TGID, 0);

        error = attach_dn(dn, dn_mark, id, fd, filp, mask);
        /* !error means that we attached the dn to the dn_mark, so don't free it */
        if (!error)
                dn = NULL;
        /* -EEXIST means that we didn't add this new dn and used an old one.
         * that isn't an error (and the unused dn should be freed) */
        else if (error == -EEXIST)
                error = 0;

        dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(fsn_mark);
out:
        spin_unlock(&fsn_mark->lock);

        if (destroy)
                fsnotify_detach_mark(fsn_mark);
        mutex_unlock(&dnotify_group->mark_mutex);
        if (destroy)
                fsnotify_free_mark(fsn_mark);
        fsnotify_put_mark(fsn_mark);
out_err:
        if (new_fsn_mark)
                fsnotify_put_mark(new_fsn_mark);
        if (dn)
                kmem_cache_free(dnotify_struct_cache, dn);
        return error;
}

static int __init dnotify_init(void)
{
        dnotify_struct_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dnotify_struct,
                                          SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT);
        dnotify_mark_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dnotify_mark, SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT);

        dnotify_group = fsnotify_alloc_group(&dnotify_fsnotify_ops);
        if (IS_ERR(dnotify_group))
                panic("unable to allocate fsnotify group for dnotify\n");
        return 0;
}

module_init(dnotify_init)