// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/* A network driver using virtio.
 *
 * Copyright 2007 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> IBM Corporation
 */
//#define DEBUG
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/virtio.h>
#include <linux/virtio_net.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <linux/bpf_trace.h>
#include <linux/scatterlist.h>
#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/average.h>
#include <linux/filter.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/xdp.h>
#include <net/net_failover.h>

static int napi_weight = NAPI_POLL_WEIGHT;
module_param(napi_weight, int, 0444);

static bool csum = true, gso = true, napi_tx = true;
module_param(csum, bool, 0444);
module_param(gso, bool, 0444);
module_param(napi_tx, bool, 0644);

/* FIXME: MTU in config. */
#define GOOD_PACKET_LEN (ETH_HLEN + VLAN_HLEN + ETH_DATA_LEN)
#define GOOD_COPY_LEN   128

#define VIRTNET_RX_PAD (NET_IP_ALIGN + NET_SKB_PAD)

/* Amount of XDP headroom to prepend to packets for use by xdp_adjust_head */
#define VIRTIO_XDP_HEADROOM 256

/* Separating two types of XDP xmit */
#define VIRTIO_XDP_TX           BIT(0)
#define VIRTIO_XDP_REDIR        BIT(1)

#define VIRTIO_XDP_FLAG BIT(0)

/* RX packet size EWMA. The average packet size is used to determine the packet
 * buffer size when refilling RX rings. As the entire RX ring may be refilled
 * at once, the weight is chosen so that the EWMA will be insensitive to short-
 * term, transient changes in packet size.
 */
DECLARE_EWMA(pkt_len, 0, 64)

#define VIRTNET_DRIVER_VERSION "1.0.0"

static const unsigned long guest_offloads[] = {
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO4,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO6,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_ECN,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_UFO,
        VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_CSUM
};

struct virtnet_stat_desc {
        char desc[ETH_GSTRING_LEN];
        size_t offset;
};

struct virtnet_sq_stats {
        struct u64_stats_sync syncp;
        u64 packets;
        u64 bytes;
        u64 xdp_tx;
        u64 xdp_tx_drops;
        u64 kicks;
};

struct virtnet_rq_stats {
        struct u64_stats_sync syncp;
        u64 packets;
        u64 bytes;
        u64 drops;
        u64 xdp_packets;
        u64 xdp_tx;
        u64 xdp_redirects;
        u64 xdp_drops;
        u64 kicks;
};

#define VIRTNET_SQ_STAT(m)      offsetof(struct virtnet_sq_stats, m)
#define VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(m)      offsetof(struct virtnet_rq_stats, m)

static const struct virtnet_stat_desc virtnet_sq_stats_desc[] = {
        { "packets",            VIRTNET_SQ_STAT(packets) },
        { "bytes",              VIRTNET_SQ_STAT(bytes) },
        { "xdp_tx",             VIRTNET_SQ_STAT(xdp_tx) },
        { "xdp_tx_drops",       VIRTNET_SQ_STAT(xdp_tx_drops) },
        { "kicks",              VIRTNET_SQ_STAT(kicks) },
};

static const struct virtnet_stat_desc virtnet_rq_stats_desc[] = {
        { "packets",            VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(packets) },
        { "bytes",              VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(bytes) },
        { "drops",              VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(drops) },
        { "xdp_packets",        VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(xdp_packets) },
        { "xdp_tx",             VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(xdp_tx) },
        { "xdp_redirects",      VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(xdp_redirects) },
        { "xdp_drops",          VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(xdp_drops) },
        { "kicks",              VIRTNET_RQ_STAT(kicks) },
};

#define VIRTNET_SQ_STATS_LEN    ARRAY_SIZE(virtnet_sq_stats_desc)
#define VIRTNET_RQ_STATS_LEN    ARRAY_SIZE(virtnet_rq_stats_desc)

/* Internal representation of a send virtqueue */
struct send_queue {
        /* Virtqueue associated with this send _queue */
        struct virtqueue *vq;

        /* TX: fragments + linear part + virtio header */
        struct scatterlist sg[MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2];

        /* Name of the send queue: output.$index */
        char name[40];

        struct virtnet_sq_stats stats;

        struct napi_struct napi;
};

/* Internal representation of a receive virtqueue */
struct receive_queue {
        /* Virtqueue associated with this receive_queue */
        struct virtqueue *vq;

        struct napi_struct napi;

        struct bpf_prog __rcu *xdp_prog;

        struct virtnet_rq_stats stats;

        /* Chain pages by the private ptr. */
        struct page *pages;

        /* Average packet length for mergeable receive buffers. */
        struct ewma_pkt_len mrg_avg_pkt_len;

        /* Page frag for packet buffer allocation. */
        struct page_frag alloc_frag;

        /* RX: fragments + linear part + virtio header */
        struct scatterlist sg[MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2];

        /* Min single buffer size for mergeable buffers case. */
        unsigned int min_buf_len;

        /* Name of this receive queue: input.$index */
        char name[40];

        struct xdp_rxq_info xdp_rxq;
};

/* Control VQ buffers: protected by the rtnl lock */
struct control_buf {
        struct virtio_net_ctrl_hdr hdr;
        virtio_net_ctrl_ack status;
        struct virtio_net_ctrl_mq mq;
        u8 promisc;
        u8 allmulti;
        __virtio16 vid;
        __virtio64 offloads;
};

struct virtnet_info {
        struct virtio_device *vdev;
        struct virtqueue *cvq;
        struct net_device *dev;
        struct send_queue *sq;
        struct receive_queue *rq;
        unsigned int status;

        /* Max # of queue pairs supported by the device */
        u16 max_queue_pairs;

        /* # of queue pairs currently used by the driver */
        u16 curr_queue_pairs;

        /* # of XDP queue pairs currently used by the driver */
        u16 xdp_queue_pairs;

        /* I like... big packets and I cannot lie! */
        bool big_packets;

        /* Host will merge rx buffers for big packets (shake it! shake it!) */
        bool mergeable_rx_bufs;

        /* Has control virtqueue */
        bool has_cvq;

        /* Host can handle any s/g split between our header and packet data */
        bool any_header_sg;

        /* Packet virtio header size */
        u8 hdr_len;

        /* Work struct for refilling if we run low on memory. */
        struct delayed_work refill;

        /* Work struct for config space updates */
        struct work_struct config_work;

        /* Does the affinity hint is set for virtqueues? */
        bool affinity_hint_set;

        /* CPU hotplug instances for online & dead */
        struct hlist_node node;
        struct hlist_node node_dead;

        struct control_buf *ctrl;

        /* Ethtool settings */
        u8 duplex;
        u32 speed;

        unsigned long guest_offloads;
        unsigned long guest_offloads_capable;

        /* failover when STANDBY feature enabled */
        struct failover *failover;
};

struct padded_vnet_hdr {
        struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf hdr;
        /*
         * hdr is in a separate sg buffer, and data sg buffer shares same page
         * with this header sg. This padding makes next sg 16 byte aligned
         * after the header.
         */
        char padding[4];
};

static bool is_xdp_frame(void *ptr)
{
        return (unsigned long)ptr & VIRTIO_XDP_FLAG;
}

static void *xdp_to_ptr(struct xdp_frame *ptr)
{
        return (void *)((unsigned long)ptr | VIRTIO_XDP_FLAG);
}

static struct xdp_frame *ptr_to_xdp(void *ptr)
{
        return (struct xdp_frame *)((unsigned long)ptr & ~VIRTIO_XDP_FLAG);
}

/* Converting between virtqueue no. and kernel tx/rx queue no.
 * 0:rx0 1:tx0 2:rx1 3:tx1 ... 2N:rxN 2N+1:txN 2N+2:cvq
 */
static int vq2txq(struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        return (vq->index - 1) / 2;
}

static int txq2vq(int txq)
{
        return txq * 2 + 1;
}

static int vq2rxq(struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        return vq->index / 2;
}

static int rxq2vq(int rxq)
{
        return rxq * 2;
}

static inline struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *skb_vnet_hdr(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        return (struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *)skb->cb;
}

/*
 * private is used to chain pages for big packets, put the whole
 * most recent used list in the beginning for reuse
 */
static void give_pages(struct receive_queue *rq, struct page *page)
{
        struct page *end;

        /* Find end of list, sew whole thing into vi->rq.pages. */
        for (end = page; end->private; end = (struct page *)end->private);
        end->private = (unsigned long)rq->pages;
        rq->pages = page;
}

static struct page *get_a_page(struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
        struct page *p = rq->pages;

        if (p) {
                rq->pages = (struct page *)p->private;
                /* clear private here, it is used to chain pages */
                p->private = 0;
        } else
                p = alloc_page(gfp_mask);
        return p;
}

static void virtqueue_napi_schedule(struct napi_struct *napi,
                                    struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        if (napi_schedule_prep(napi)) {
                virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);
                __napi_schedule(napi);
        }
}

static void virtqueue_napi_complete(struct napi_struct *napi,
                                    struct virtqueue *vq, int processed)
{
        int opaque;

        opaque = virtqueue_enable_cb_prepare(vq);
        if (napi_complete_done(napi, processed)) {
                if (unlikely(virtqueue_poll(vq, opaque)))
                        virtqueue_napi_schedule(napi, vq);
        } else {
                virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);
        }
}

static void skb_xmit_done(struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vq->vdev->priv;
        struct napi_struct *napi = &vi->sq[vq2txq(vq)].napi;

        /* Suppress further interrupts. */
        virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);

        if (napi->weight)
                virtqueue_napi_schedule(napi, vq);
        else
                /* We were probably waiting for more output buffers. */
                netif_wake_subqueue(vi->dev, vq2txq(vq));
}

#define MRG_CTX_HEADER_SHIFT 22
static void *mergeable_len_to_ctx(unsigned int truesize,
                                  unsigned int headroom)
{
        return (void *)(unsigned long)((headroom << MRG_CTX_HEADER_SHIFT) | truesize);
}

static unsigned int mergeable_ctx_to_headroom(void *mrg_ctx)
{
        return (unsigned long)mrg_ctx >> MRG_CTX_HEADER_SHIFT;
}

static unsigned int mergeable_ctx_to_truesize(void *mrg_ctx)
{
        return (unsigned long)mrg_ctx & ((1 << MRG_CTX_HEADER_SHIFT) - 1);
}

/* Called from bottom half context */
static struct sk_buff *page_to_skb(struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                   struct receive_queue *rq,
                                   struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
                                   unsigned int len, unsigned int truesize,
                                   bool hdr_valid, unsigned int metasize)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr;
        unsigned int copy, hdr_len, hdr_padded_len;
        char *p;

        p = page_address(page) + offset;

        /* copy small packet so we can reuse these pages for small data */
        skb = napi_alloc_skb(&rq->napi, GOOD_COPY_LEN);
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return NULL;

        hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);

        hdr_len = vi->hdr_len;
        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                hdr_padded_len = sizeof(*hdr);
        else
                hdr_padded_len = sizeof(struct padded_vnet_hdr);

        /* hdr_valid means no XDP, so we can copy the vnet header */
        if (hdr_valid)
                memcpy(hdr, p, hdr_len);

        len -= hdr_len;
        offset += hdr_padded_len;
        p += hdr_padded_len;

        copy = len;
        if (copy > skb_tailroom(skb))
                copy = skb_tailroom(skb);
        skb_put_data(skb, p, copy);

        if (metasize) {
                __skb_pull(skb, metasize);
                skb_metadata_set(skb, metasize);
        }

        len -= copy;
        offset += copy;

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                if (len)
                        skb_add_rx_frag(skb, 0, page, offset, len, truesize);
                else
                        put_page(page);
                return skb;
        }

        /*
         * Verify that we can indeed put this data into a skb.
         * This is here to handle cases when the device erroneously
         * tries to receive more than is possible. This is usually
         * the case of a broken device.
         */
        if (unlikely(len > MAX_SKB_FRAGS * PAGE_SIZE)) {
                net_dbg_ratelimited("%s: too much data\n", skb->dev->name);
                dev_kfree_skb(skb);
                return NULL;
        }
        BUG_ON(offset >= PAGE_SIZE);
        while (len) {
                unsigned int frag_size = min((unsigned)PAGE_SIZE - offset, len);
                skb_add_rx_frag(skb, skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags, page, offset,
                                frag_size, truesize);
                len -= frag_size;
                page = (struct page *)page->private;
                offset = 0;
        }

        if (page)
                give_pages(rq, page);

        return skb;
}

static int __virtnet_xdp_xmit_one(struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                   struct send_queue *sq,
                                   struct xdp_frame *xdpf)
{
        struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr;
        int err;

        if (unlikely(xdpf->headroom < vi->hdr_len))
                return -EOVERFLOW;

        /* Make room for virtqueue hdr (also change xdpf->headroom?) */
        xdpf->data -= vi->hdr_len;
        /* Zero header and leave csum up to XDP layers */
        hdr = xdpf->data;
        memset(hdr, 0, vi->hdr_len);
        xdpf->len   += vi->hdr_len;

        sg_init_one(sq->sg, xdpf->data, xdpf->len);

        err = virtqueue_add_outbuf(sq->vq, sq->sg, 1, xdp_to_ptr(xdpf),
                                   GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (unlikely(err))
                return -ENOSPC; /* Caller handle free/refcnt */

        return 0;
}

static struct send_queue *virtnet_xdp_sq(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        unsigned int qp;

        qp = vi->curr_queue_pairs - vi->xdp_queue_pairs + smp_processor_id();
        return &vi->sq[qp];
}

static int virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev,
                            int n, struct xdp_frame **frames, u32 flags)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct receive_queue *rq = vi->rq;
        struct bpf_prog *xdp_prog;
        struct send_queue *sq;
        unsigned int len;
        int packets = 0;
        int bytes = 0;
        int drops = 0;
        int kicks = 0;
        int ret, err;
        void *ptr;
        int i;

        /* Only allow ndo_xdp_xmit if XDP is loaded on dev, as this
         * indicate XDP resources have been successfully allocated.
         */
        xdp_prog = rcu_access_pointer(rq->xdp_prog);
        if (!xdp_prog)
                return -ENXIO;

        sq = virtnet_xdp_sq(vi);

        if (unlikely(flags & ~XDP_XMIT_FLAGS_MASK)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                drops = n;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Free up any pending old buffers before queueing new ones. */
        while ((ptr = virtqueue_get_buf(sq->vq, &len)) != NULL) {
                if (likely(is_xdp_frame(ptr))) {
                        struct xdp_frame *frame = ptr_to_xdp(ptr);

                        bytes += frame->len;
                        xdp_return_frame(frame);
                } else {
                        struct sk_buff *skb = ptr;

                        bytes += skb->len;
                        napi_consume_skb(skb, false);
                }
                packets++;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                struct xdp_frame *xdpf = frames[i];

                err = __virtnet_xdp_xmit_one(vi, sq, xdpf);
                if (err) {
                        xdp_return_frame_rx_napi(xdpf);
                        drops++;
                }
        }
        ret = n - drops;

        if (flags & XDP_XMIT_FLUSH) {
                if (virtqueue_kick_prepare(sq->vq) && virtqueue_notify(sq->vq))
                        kicks = 1;
        }
out:
        u64_stats_update_begin(&sq->stats.syncp);
        sq->stats.bytes += bytes;
        sq->stats.packets += packets;
        sq->stats.xdp_tx += n;
        sq->stats.xdp_tx_drops += drops;
        sq->stats.kicks += kicks;
        u64_stats_update_end(&sq->stats.syncp);

        return ret;
}

static unsigned int virtnet_get_headroom(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        return vi->xdp_queue_pairs ? VIRTIO_XDP_HEADROOM : 0;
}

/* We copy the packet for XDP in the following cases:
 *
 * 1) Packet is scattered across multiple rx buffers.
 * 2) Headroom space is insufficient.
 *
 * This is inefficient but it's a temporary condition that
 * we hit right after XDP is enabled and until queue is refilled
 * with large buffers with sufficient headroom - so it should affect
 * at most queue size packets.
 * Afterwards, the conditions to enable
 * XDP should preclude the underlying device from sending packets
 * across multiple buffers (num_buf > 1), and we make sure buffers
 * have enough headroom.
 */
static struct page *xdp_linearize_page(struct receive_queue *rq,
                                       u16 *num_buf,
                                       struct page *p,
                                       int offset,
                                       int page_off,
                                       unsigned int *len)
{
        struct page *page = alloc_page(GFP_ATOMIC);

        if (!page)
                return NULL;

        memcpy(page_address(page) + page_off, page_address(p) + offset, *len);
        page_off += *len;

        while (--*num_buf) {
                int tailroom = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct skb_shared_info));
                unsigned int buflen;
                void *buf;
                int off;

                buf = virtqueue_get_buf(rq->vq, &buflen);
                if (unlikely(!buf))
                        goto err_buf;

                p = virt_to_head_page(buf);
                off = buf - page_address(p);

                /* guard against a misconfigured or uncooperative backend that
                 * is sending packet larger than the MTU.
                 */
                if ((page_off + buflen + tailroom) > PAGE_SIZE) {
                        put_page(p);
                        goto err_buf;
                }

                memcpy(page_address(page) + page_off,
                       page_address(p) + off, buflen);
                page_off += buflen;
                put_page(p);
        }

        /* Headroom does not contribute to packet length */
        *len = page_off - VIRTIO_XDP_HEADROOM;
        return page;
err_buf:
        __free_pages(page, 0);
        return NULL;
}

static struct sk_buff *receive_small(struct net_device *dev,
                                     struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                     struct receive_queue *rq,
                                     void *buf, void *ctx,
                                     unsigned int len,
                                     unsigned int *xdp_xmit,
                                     struct virtnet_rq_stats *stats)
{
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct bpf_prog *xdp_prog;
        unsigned int xdp_headroom = (unsigned long)ctx;
        unsigned int header_offset = VIRTNET_RX_PAD + xdp_headroom;
        unsigned int headroom = vi->hdr_len + header_offset;
        unsigned int buflen = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(GOOD_PACKET_LEN + headroom) +
                              SKB_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct skb_shared_info));
        struct page *page = virt_to_head_page(buf);
        unsigned int delta = 0;
        struct page *xdp_page;
        int err;
        unsigned int metasize = 0;

        len -= vi->hdr_len;
        stats->bytes += len;

        rcu_read_lock();
        xdp_prog = rcu_dereference(rq->xdp_prog);
        if (xdp_prog) {
                struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr = buf + header_offset;
                struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
                struct xdp_buff xdp;
                void *orig_data;
                u32 act;

                if (unlikely(hdr->hdr.gso_type))
                        goto err_xdp;

                if (unlikely(xdp_headroom < virtnet_get_headroom(vi))) {
                        int offset = buf - page_address(page) + header_offset;
                        unsigned int tlen = len + vi->hdr_len;
                        u16 num_buf = 1;

                        xdp_headroom = virtnet_get_headroom(vi);
                        header_offset = VIRTNET_RX_PAD + xdp_headroom;
                        headroom = vi->hdr_len + header_offset;
                        buflen = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(GOOD_PACKET_LEN + headroom) +
                                 SKB_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct skb_shared_info));
                        xdp_page = xdp_linearize_page(rq, &num_buf, page,
                                                      offset, header_offset,
                                                      &tlen);
                        if (!xdp_page)
                                goto err_xdp;

                        buf = page_address(xdp_page);
                        put_page(page);
                        page = xdp_page;
                }

                xdp.data_hard_start = buf + VIRTNET_RX_PAD + vi->hdr_len;
                xdp.data = xdp.data_hard_start + xdp_headroom;
                xdp.data_end = xdp.data + len;
                xdp.data_meta = xdp.data;
                xdp.rxq = &rq->xdp_rxq;
                xdp.frame_sz = buflen;
                orig_data = xdp.data;
                act = bpf_prog_run_xdp(xdp_prog, &xdp);
                stats->xdp_packets++;

                switch (act) {
                case XDP_PASS:
                        /* Recalculate length in case bpf program changed it */
                        delta = orig_data - xdp.data;
                        len = xdp.data_end - xdp.data;
                        metasize = xdp.data - xdp.data_meta;
                        break;
                case XDP_TX:
                        stats->xdp_tx++;
                        xdpf = xdp_convert_buff_to_frame(&xdp);
                        if (unlikely(!xdpf))
                                goto err_xdp;
                        err = virtnet_xdp_xmit(dev, 1, &xdpf, 0);
                        if (unlikely(err < 0)) {
                                trace_xdp_exception(vi->dev, xdp_prog, act);
                                goto err_xdp;
                        }
                        *xdp_xmit |= VIRTIO_XDP_TX;
                        rcu_read_unlock();
                        goto xdp_xmit;
                case XDP_REDIRECT:
                        stats->xdp_redirects++;
                        err = xdp_do_redirect(dev, &xdp, xdp_prog);
                        if (err)
                                goto err_xdp;
                        *xdp_xmit |= VIRTIO_XDP_REDIR;
                        rcu_read_unlock();
                        goto xdp_xmit;
                default:
                        bpf_warn_invalid_xdp_action(act);
                        /* fall through */
                case XDP_ABORTED:
                        trace_xdp_exception(vi->dev, xdp_prog, act);
                case XDP_DROP:
                        goto err_xdp;
                }
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();

        skb = build_skb(buf, buflen);
        if (!skb) {
                put_page(page);
                goto err;
        }
        skb_reserve(skb, headroom - delta);
        skb_put(skb, len);
        if (!xdp_prog) {
                buf += header_offset;
                memcpy(skb_vnet_hdr(skb), buf, vi->hdr_len);
        } /* keep zeroed vnet hdr since XDP is loaded */

        if (metasize)
                skb_metadata_set(skb, metasize);

err:
        return skb;

err_xdp:
        rcu_read_unlock();
        stats->xdp_drops++;
        stats->drops++;
        put_page(page);
xdp_xmit:
        return NULL;
}

static struct sk_buff *receive_big(struct net_device *dev,
                                   struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                   struct receive_queue *rq,
                                   void *buf,
                                   unsigned int len,
                                   struct virtnet_rq_stats *stats)
{
        struct page *page = buf;
        struct sk_buff *skb =
                page_to_skb(vi, rq, page, 0, len, PAGE_SIZE, true, 0);

        stats->bytes += len - vi->hdr_len;
        if (unlikely(!skb))
                goto err;

        return skb;

err:
        stats->drops++;
        give_pages(rq, page);
        return NULL;
}

static struct sk_buff *receive_mergeable(struct net_device *dev,
                                         struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                         struct receive_queue *rq,
                                         void *buf,
                                         void *ctx,
                                         unsigned int len,
                                         unsigned int *xdp_xmit,
                                         struct virtnet_rq_stats *stats)
{
        struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr = buf;
        u16 num_buf = virtio16_to_cpu(vi->vdev, hdr->num_buffers);
        struct page *page = virt_to_head_page(buf);
        int offset = buf - page_address(page);
        struct sk_buff *head_skb, *curr_skb;
        struct bpf_prog *xdp_prog;
        unsigned int truesize = mergeable_ctx_to_truesize(ctx);
        unsigned int headroom = mergeable_ctx_to_headroom(ctx);
        unsigned int metasize = 0;
        unsigned int frame_sz;
        int err;

        head_skb = NULL;
        stats->bytes += len - vi->hdr_len;

        rcu_read_lock();
        xdp_prog = rcu_dereference(rq->xdp_prog);
        if (xdp_prog) {
                struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
                struct page *xdp_page;
                struct xdp_buff xdp;
                void *data;
                u32 act;

                /* Transient failure which in theory could occur if
                 * in-flight packets from before XDP was enabled reach
                 * the receive path after XDP is loaded.
                 */
                if (unlikely(hdr->hdr.gso_type))
                        goto err_xdp;

                /* Buffers with headroom use PAGE_SIZE as alloc size,
                 * see add_recvbuf_mergeable() + get_mergeable_buf_len()
                 */
                frame_sz = headroom ? PAGE_SIZE : truesize;

                /* This happens when rx buffer size is underestimated
                 * or headroom is not enough because of the buffer
                 * was refilled before XDP is set. This should only
                 * happen for the first several packets, so we don't
                 * care much about its performance.
                 */
                if (unlikely(num_buf > 1 ||
                             headroom < virtnet_get_headroom(vi))) {
                        /* linearize data for XDP */
                        xdp_page = xdp_linearize_page(rq, &num_buf,
                                                      page, offset,
                                                      VIRTIO_XDP_HEADROOM,
                                                      &len);
                        frame_sz = PAGE_SIZE;

                        if (!xdp_page)
                                goto err_xdp;
                        offset = VIRTIO_XDP_HEADROOM;
                } else {
                        xdp_page = page;
                }

                /* Allow consuming headroom but reserve enough space to push
                 * the descriptor on if we get an XDP_TX return code.
                 */
                data = page_address(xdp_page) + offset;
                xdp.data_hard_start = data - VIRTIO_XDP_HEADROOM + vi->hdr_len;
                xdp.data = data + vi->hdr_len;
                xdp.data_end = xdp.data + (len - vi->hdr_len);
                xdp.data_meta = xdp.data;
                xdp.rxq = &rq->xdp_rxq;
                xdp.frame_sz = frame_sz - vi->hdr_len;

                act = bpf_prog_run_xdp(xdp_prog, &xdp);
                stats->xdp_packets++;

                switch (act) {
                case XDP_PASS:
                        metasize = xdp.data - xdp.data_meta;

                        /* recalculate offset to account for any header
                         * adjustments and minus the metasize to copy the
                         * metadata in page_to_skb(). Note other cases do not
                         * build an skb and avoid using offset
                         */
                        offset = xdp.data - page_address(xdp_page) -
                                 vi->hdr_len - metasize;

                        /* recalculate len if xdp.data, xdp.data_end or
                         * xdp.data_meta were adjusted
                         */
                        len = xdp.data_end - xdp.data + vi->hdr_len + metasize;
                        /* We can only create skb based on xdp_page. */
                        if (unlikely(xdp_page != page)) {
                                rcu_read_unlock();
                                put_page(page);
                                head_skb = page_to_skb(vi, rq, xdp_page, offset,
                                                       len, PAGE_SIZE, false,
                                                       metasize);
                                return head_skb;
                        }
                        break;
                case XDP_TX:
                        stats->xdp_tx++;
                        xdpf = xdp_convert_buff_to_frame(&xdp);
                        if (unlikely(!xdpf))
                                goto err_xdp;
                        err = virtnet_xdp_xmit(dev, 1, &xdpf, 0);
                        if (unlikely(err < 0)) {
                                trace_xdp_exception(vi->dev, xdp_prog, act);
                                if (unlikely(xdp_page != page))
                                        put_page(xdp_page);
                                goto err_xdp;
                        }
                        *xdp_xmit |= VIRTIO_XDP_TX;
                        if (unlikely(xdp_page != page))
                                put_page(page);
                        rcu_read_unlock();
                        goto xdp_xmit;
                case XDP_REDIRECT:
                        stats->xdp_redirects++;
                        err = xdp_do_redirect(dev, &xdp, xdp_prog);
                        if (err) {
                                if (unlikely(xdp_page != page))
                                        put_page(xdp_page);
                                goto err_xdp;
                        }
                        *xdp_xmit |= VIRTIO_XDP_REDIR;
                        if (unlikely(xdp_page != page))
                                put_page(page);
                        rcu_read_unlock();
                        goto xdp_xmit;
                default:
                        bpf_warn_invalid_xdp_action(act);
                        /* fall through */
                case XDP_ABORTED:
                        trace_xdp_exception(vi->dev, xdp_prog, act);
                        /* fall through */
                case XDP_DROP:
                        if (unlikely(xdp_page != page))
                                __free_pages(xdp_page, 0);
                        goto err_xdp;
                }
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();

        if (unlikely(len > truesize)) {
                pr_debug("%s: rx error: len %u exceeds truesize %lu\n",
                         dev->name, len, (unsigned long)ctx);
                dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                goto err_skb;
        }

        head_skb = page_to_skb(vi, rq, page, offset, len, truesize, !xdp_prog,
                               metasize);
        curr_skb = head_skb;

        if (unlikely(!curr_skb))
                goto err_skb;
        while (--num_buf) {
                int num_skb_frags;

                buf = virtqueue_get_buf_ctx(rq->vq, &len, &ctx);
                if (unlikely(!buf)) {
                        pr_debug("%s: rx error: %d buffers out of %d missing\n",
                                 dev->name, num_buf,
                                 virtio16_to_cpu(vi->vdev,
                                                 hdr->num_buffers));
                        dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                        goto err_buf;
                }

                stats->bytes += len;
                page = virt_to_head_page(buf);

                truesize = mergeable_ctx_to_truesize(ctx);
                if (unlikely(len > truesize)) {
                        pr_debug("%s: rx error: len %u exceeds truesize %lu\n",
                                 dev->name, len, (unsigned long)ctx);
                        dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                        goto err_skb;
                }

                num_skb_frags = skb_shinfo(curr_skb)->nr_frags;
                if (unlikely(num_skb_frags == MAX_SKB_FRAGS)) {
                        struct sk_buff *nskb = alloc_skb(0, GFP_ATOMIC);

                        if (unlikely(!nskb))
                                goto err_skb;
                        if (curr_skb == head_skb)
                                skb_shinfo(curr_skb)->frag_list = nskb;
                        else
                                curr_skb->next = nskb;
                        curr_skb = nskb;
                        head_skb->truesize += nskb->truesize;
                        num_skb_frags = 0;
                }
                if (curr_skb != head_skb) {
                        head_skb->data_len += len;
                        head_skb->len += len;
                        head_skb->truesize += truesize;
                }
                offset = buf - page_address(page);
                if (skb_can_coalesce(curr_skb, num_skb_frags, page, offset)) {
                        put_page(page);
                        skb_coalesce_rx_frag(curr_skb, num_skb_frags - 1,
                                             len, truesize);
                } else {
                        skb_add_rx_frag(curr_skb, num_skb_frags, page,
                                        offset, len, truesize);

                }
        }

        ewma_pkt_len_add(&rq->mrg_avg_pkt_len, head_skb->len);
        return head_skb;

err_xdp:
        rcu_read_unlock();
        stats->xdp_drops++;
err_skb:
        put_page(page);
        while (num_buf-- > 1) {
                buf = virtqueue_get_buf(rq->vq, &len);
                if (unlikely(!buf)) {
                        pr_debug("%s: rx error: %d buffers missing\n",
                                 dev->name, num_buf);
                        dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                        break;
                }
                stats->bytes += len;
                page = virt_to_head_page(buf);
                put_page(page);
        }
err_buf:
        stats->drops++;
        dev_kfree_skb(head_skb);
xdp_xmit:
        return NULL;
}

static void receive_buf(struct virtnet_info *vi, struct receive_queue *rq,
                        void *buf, unsigned int len, void **ctx,
                        unsigned int *xdp_xmit,
                        struct virtnet_rq_stats *stats)
{
        struct net_device *dev = vi->dev;
        struct sk_buff *skb;
        struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr;

        if (unlikely(len < vi->hdr_len + ETH_HLEN)) {
                pr_debug("%s: short packet %i\n", dev->name, len);
                dev->stats.rx_length_errors++;
                if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                        put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));
                } else if (vi->big_packets) {
                        give_pages(rq, buf);
                } else {
                        put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));
                }
                return;
        }

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                skb = receive_mergeable(dev, vi, rq, buf, ctx, len, xdp_xmit,
                                        stats);
        else if (vi->big_packets)
                skb = receive_big(dev, vi, rq, buf, len, stats);
        else
                skb = receive_small(dev, vi, rq, buf, ctx, len, xdp_xmit, stats);

        if (unlikely(!skb))
                return;

        hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);

        if (hdr->hdr.flags & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_DATA_VALID)
                skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY;

        if (virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, &hdr->hdr,
                                  virtio_is_little_endian(vi->vdev))) {
                net_warn_ratelimited("%s: bad gso: type: %u, size: %u\n",
                                     dev->name, hdr->hdr.gso_type,
                                     hdr->hdr.gso_size);
                goto frame_err;
        }

        skb_record_rx_queue(skb, vq2rxq(rq->vq));
        skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, dev);
        pr_debug("Receiving skb proto 0x%04x len %i type %i\n",
                 ntohs(skb->protocol), skb->len, skb->pkt_type);

        napi_gro_receive(&rq->napi, skb);
        return;

frame_err:
        dev->stats.rx_frame_errors++;
        dev_kfree_skb(skb);
}

/* Unlike mergeable buffers, all buffers are allocated to the
 * same size, except for the headroom. For this reason we do
 * not need to use  mergeable_len_to_ctx here - it is enough
 * to store the headroom as the context ignoring the truesize.
 */
static int add_recvbuf_small(struct virtnet_info *vi, struct receive_queue *rq,
                             gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct page_frag *alloc_frag = &rq->alloc_frag;
        char *buf;
        unsigned int xdp_headroom = virtnet_get_headroom(vi);
        void *ctx = (void *)(unsigned long)xdp_headroom;
        int len = vi->hdr_len + VIRTNET_RX_PAD + GOOD_PACKET_LEN + xdp_headroom;
        int err;

        len = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(len) +
              SKB_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct skb_shared_info));
        if (unlikely(!skb_page_frag_refill(len, alloc_frag, gfp)))
                return -ENOMEM;

        buf = (char *)page_address(alloc_frag->page) + alloc_frag->offset;
        get_page(alloc_frag->page);
        alloc_frag->offset += len;
        sg_init_one(rq->sg, buf + VIRTNET_RX_PAD + xdp_headroom,
                    vi->hdr_len + GOOD_PACKET_LEN);
        err = virtqueue_add_inbuf_ctx(rq->vq, rq->sg, 1, buf, ctx, gfp);
        if (err < 0)
                put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));
        return err;
}

static int add_recvbuf_big(struct virtnet_info *vi, struct receive_queue *rq,
                           gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct page *first, *list = NULL;
        char *p;
        int i, err, offset;

        sg_init_table(rq->sg, MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2);

        /* page in rq->sg[MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1] is list tail */
        for (i = MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1; i > 1; --i) {
                first = get_a_page(rq, gfp);
                if (!first) {
                        if (list)
                                give_pages(rq, list);
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }
                sg_set_buf(&rq->sg[i], page_address(first), PAGE_SIZE);

                /* chain new page in list head to match sg */
                first->private = (unsigned long)list;
                list = first;
        }

        first = get_a_page(rq, gfp);
        if (!first) {
                give_pages(rq, list);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        p = page_address(first);

        /* rq->sg[0], rq->sg[1] share the same page */
        /* a separated rq->sg[0] for header - required in case !any_header_sg */
        sg_set_buf(&rq->sg[0], p, vi->hdr_len);

        /* rq->sg[1] for data packet, from offset */
        offset = sizeof(struct padded_vnet_hdr);
        sg_set_buf(&rq->sg[1], p + offset, PAGE_SIZE - offset);

        /* chain first in list head */
        first->private = (unsigned long)list;
        err = virtqueue_add_inbuf(rq->vq, rq->sg, MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 2,
                                  first, gfp);
        if (err < 0)
                give_pages(rq, first);

        return err;
}

static unsigned int get_mergeable_buf_len(struct receive_queue *rq,
                                          struct ewma_pkt_len *avg_pkt_len,
                                          unsigned int room)
{
        const size_t hdr_len = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
        unsigned int len;

        if (room)
                return PAGE_SIZE - room;

        len = hdr_len + clamp_t(unsigned int, ewma_pkt_len_read(avg_pkt_len),
                                rq->min_buf_len, PAGE_SIZE - hdr_len);

        return ALIGN(len, L1_CACHE_BYTES);
}

static int add_recvbuf_mergeable(struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                 struct receive_queue *rq, gfp_t gfp)
{
        struct page_frag *alloc_frag = &rq->alloc_frag;
        unsigned int headroom = virtnet_get_headroom(vi);
        unsigned int tailroom = headroom ? sizeof(struct skb_shared_info) : 0;
        unsigned int room = SKB_DATA_ALIGN(headroom + tailroom);
        char *buf;
        void *ctx;
        int err;
        unsigned int len, hole;

        /* Extra tailroom is needed to satisfy XDP's assumption. This
         * means rx frags coalescing won't work, but consider we've
         * disabled GSO for XDP, it won't be a big issue.
         */
        len = get_mergeable_buf_len(rq, &rq->mrg_avg_pkt_len, room);
        if (unlikely(!skb_page_frag_refill(len + room, alloc_frag, gfp)))
                return -ENOMEM;

        buf = (char *)page_address(alloc_frag->page) + alloc_frag->offset;
        buf += headroom; /* advance address leaving hole at front of pkt */
        get_page(alloc_frag->page);
        alloc_frag->offset += len + room;
        hole = alloc_frag->size - alloc_frag->offset;
        if (hole < len + room) {
                /* To avoid internal fragmentation, if there is very likely not
                 * enough space for another buffer, add the remaining space to
                 * the current buffer.
                 */
                len += hole;
                alloc_frag->offset += hole;
        }

        sg_init_one(rq->sg, buf, len);
        ctx = mergeable_len_to_ctx(len, headroom);
        err = virtqueue_add_inbuf_ctx(rq->vq, rq->sg, 1, buf, ctx, gfp);
        if (err < 0)
                put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));

        return err;
}

/*
 * Returns false if we couldn't fill entirely (OOM).
 *
 * Normally run in the receive path, but can also be run from ndo_open
 * before we're receiving packets, or from refill_work which is
 * careful to disable receiving (using napi_disable).
 */
static bool try_fill_recv(struct virtnet_info *vi, struct receive_queue *rq,
                          gfp_t gfp)
{
        int err;
        bool oom;

        do {
                if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                        err = add_recvbuf_mergeable(vi, rq, gfp);
                else if (vi->big_packets)
                        err = add_recvbuf_big(vi, rq, gfp);
                else
                        err = add_recvbuf_small(vi, rq, gfp);

                oom = err == -ENOMEM;
                if (err)
                        break;
        } while (rq->vq->num_free);
        if (virtqueue_kick_prepare(rq->vq) && virtqueue_notify(rq->vq)) {
                unsigned long flags;

                flags = u64_stats_update_begin_irqsave(&rq->stats.syncp);
                rq->stats.kicks++;
                u64_stats_update_end_irqrestore(&rq->stats.syncp, flags);
        }

        return !oom;
}

static void skb_recv_done(struct virtqueue *rvq)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rvq->vdev->priv;
        struct receive_queue *rq = &vi->rq[vq2rxq(rvq)];

        virtqueue_napi_schedule(&rq->napi, rvq);
}

static void virtnet_napi_enable(struct virtqueue *vq, struct napi_struct *napi)
{
        napi_enable(napi);

        /* If all buffers were filled by other side before we napi_enabled, we
         * won't get another interrupt, so process any outstanding packets now.
         * Call local_bh_enable after to trigger softIRQ processing.
         */
        local_bh_disable();
        virtqueue_napi_schedule(napi, vq);
        local_bh_enable();
}

static void virtnet_napi_tx_enable(struct virtnet_info *vi,
                                   struct virtqueue *vq,
                                   struct napi_struct *napi)
{
        if (!napi->weight)
                return;

        /* Tx napi touches cachelines on the cpu handling tx interrupts. Only
         * enable the feature if this is likely affine with the transmit path.
         */
        if (!vi->affinity_hint_set) {
                napi->weight = 0;
                return;
        }

        return virtnet_napi_enable(vq, napi);
}

static void virtnet_napi_tx_disable(struct napi_struct *napi)
{
        if (napi->weight)
                napi_disable(napi);
}

static void refill_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi =
                container_of(work, struct virtnet_info, refill.work);
        bool still_empty;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct receive_queue *rq = &vi->rq[i];

                napi_disable(&rq->napi);
                still_empty = !try_fill_recv(vi, rq, GFP_KERNEL);
                virtnet_napi_enable(rq->vq, &rq->napi);

                /* In theory, this can happen: if we don't get any buffers in
                 * we will *never* try to fill again.
                 */
                if (still_empty)
                        schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, HZ/2);
        }
}

static int virtnet_receive(struct receive_queue *rq, int budget,
                           unsigned int *xdp_xmit)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        struct virtnet_rq_stats stats = {};
        unsigned int len;
        void *buf;
        int i;

        if (!vi->big_packets || vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                void *ctx;

                while (stats.packets < budget &&
                       (buf = virtqueue_get_buf_ctx(rq->vq, &len, &ctx))) {
                        receive_buf(vi, rq, buf, len, ctx, xdp_xmit, &stats);
                        stats.packets++;
                }
        } else {
                while (stats.packets < budget &&
                       (buf = virtqueue_get_buf(rq->vq, &len)) != NULL) {
                        receive_buf(vi, rq, buf, len, NULL, xdp_xmit, &stats);
                        stats.packets++;
                }
        }

        if (rq->vq->num_free > min((unsigned int)budget, virtqueue_get_vring_size(rq->vq)) / 2) {
                if (!try_fill_recv(vi, rq, GFP_ATOMIC))
                        schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);
        }

        u64_stats_update_begin(&rq->stats.syncp);
        for (i = 0; i < VIRTNET_RQ_STATS_LEN; i++) {
                size_t offset = virtnet_rq_stats_desc[i].offset;
                u64 *item;

                item = (u64 *)((u8 *)&rq->stats + offset);
                *item += *(u64 *)((u8 *)&stats + offset);
        }
        u64_stats_update_end(&rq->stats.syncp);

        return stats.packets;
}

static void free_old_xmit_skbs(struct send_queue *sq, bool in_napi)
{
        unsigned int len;
        unsigned int packets = 0;
        unsigned int bytes = 0;
        void *ptr;

        while ((ptr = virtqueue_get_buf(sq->vq, &len)) != NULL) {
                if (likely(!is_xdp_frame(ptr))) {
                        struct sk_buff *skb = ptr;

                        pr_debug("Sent skb %p\n", skb);

                        bytes += skb->len;
                        napi_consume_skb(skb, in_napi);
                } else {
                        struct xdp_frame *frame = ptr_to_xdp(ptr);

                        bytes += frame->len;
                        xdp_return_frame(frame);
                }
                packets++;
        }

        /* Avoid overhead when no packets have been processed
         * happens when called speculatively from start_xmit.
         */
        if (!packets)
                return;

        u64_stats_update_begin(&sq->stats.syncp);
        sq->stats.bytes += bytes;
        sq->stats.packets += packets;
        u64_stats_update_end(&sq->stats.syncp);
}

static bool is_xdp_raw_buffer_queue(struct virtnet_info *vi, int q)
{
        if (q < (vi->curr_queue_pairs - vi->xdp_queue_pairs))
                return false;
        else if (q < vi->curr_queue_pairs)
                return true;
        else
                return false;
}

static void virtnet_poll_cleantx(struct receive_queue *rq)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        unsigned int index = vq2rxq(rq->vq);
        struct send_queue *sq = &vi->sq[index];
        struct netdev_queue *txq = netdev_get_tx_queue(vi->dev, index);

        if (!sq->napi.weight || is_xdp_raw_buffer_queue(vi, index))
                return;

        if (__netif_tx_trylock(txq)) {
                free_old_xmit_skbs(sq, true);
                __netif_tx_unlock(txq);
        }

        if (sq->vq->num_free >= 2 + MAX_SKB_FRAGS)
                netif_tx_wake_queue(txq);
}

static int virtnet_poll(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)
{
        struct receive_queue *rq =
                container_of(napi, struct receive_queue, napi);
        struct virtnet_info *vi = rq->vq->vdev->priv;
        struct send_queue *sq;
        unsigned int received;
        unsigned int xdp_xmit = 0;

        virtnet_poll_cleantx(rq);

        received = virtnet_receive(rq, budget, &xdp_xmit);

        /* Out of packets? */
        if (received < budget)
                virtqueue_napi_complete(napi, rq->vq, received);

        if (xdp_xmit & VIRTIO_XDP_REDIR)
                xdp_do_flush();

        if (xdp_xmit & VIRTIO_XDP_TX) {
                sq = virtnet_xdp_sq(vi);
                if (virtqueue_kick_prepare(sq->vq) && virtqueue_notify(sq->vq)) {
                        u64_stats_update_begin(&sq->stats.syncp);
                        sq->stats.kicks++;
                        u64_stats_update_end(&sq->stats.syncp);
                }
        }

        return received;
}

static int virtnet_open(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i, err;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                if (i < vi->curr_queue_pairs)
                        /* Make sure we have some buffers: if oom use wq. */
                        if (!try_fill_recv(vi, &vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL))
                                schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);

                err = xdp_rxq_info_reg(&vi->rq[i].xdp_rxq, dev, i);
                if (err < 0)
                        return err;

                err = xdp_rxq_info_reg_mem_model(&vi->rq[i].xdp_rxq,
                                                 MEM_TYPE_PAGE_SHARED, NULL);
                if (err < 0) {
                        xdp_rxq_info_unreg(&vi->rq[i].xdp_rxq);
                        return err;
                }

                virtnet_napi_enable(vi->rq[i].vq, &vi->rq[i].napi);
                virtnet_napi_tx_enable(vi, vi->sq[i].vq, &vi->sq[i].napi);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_poll_tx(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)
{
        struct send_queue *sq = container_of(napi, struct send_queue, napi);
        struct virtnet_info *vi = sq->vq->vdev->priv;
        unsigned int index = vq2txq(sq->vq);
        struct netdev_queue *txq;

        if (unlikely(is_xdp_raw_buffer_queue(vi, index))) {
                /* We don't need to enable cb for XDP */
                napi_complete_done(napi, 0);
                return 0;
        }

        txq = netdev_get_tx_queue(vi->dev, index);
        __netif_tx_lock(txq, raw_smp_processor_id());
        free_old_xmit_skbs(sq, true);
        __netif_tx_unlock(txq);

        virtqueue_napi_complete(napi, sq->vq, 0);

        if (sq->vq->num_free >= 2 + MAX_SKB_FRAGS)
                netif_tx_wake_queue(txq);

        return 0;
}

static int xmit_skb(struct send_queue *sq, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr;
        const unsigned char *dest = ((struct ethhdr *)skb->data)->h_dest;
        struct virtnet_info *vi = sq->vq->vdev->priv;
        int num_sg;
        unsigned hdr_len = vi->hdr_len;
        bool can_push;

        pr_debug("%s: xmit %p %pM\n", vi->dev->name, skb, dest);

        can_push = vi->any_header_sg &&
                !((unsigned long)skb->data & (__alignof__(*hdr) - 1)) &&
                !skb_header_cloned(skb) && skb_headroom(skb) >= hdr_len;
        /* Even if we can, don't push here yet as this would skew
         * csum_start offset below. */
        if (can_push)
                hdr = (struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *)(skb->data - hdr_len);
        else
                hdr = skb_vnet_hdr(skb);

        if (virtio_net_hdr_from_skb(skb, &hdr->hdr,
                                    virtio_is_little_endian(vi->vdev), false,
                                    0))
                BUG();

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs)
                hdr->num_buffers = 0;

        sg_init_table(sq->sg, skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags + (can_push ? 1 : 2));
        if (can_push) {
                __skb_push(skb, hdr_len);
                num_sg = skb_to_sgvec(skb, sq->sg, 0, skb->len);
                if (unlikely(num_sg < 0))
                        return num_sg;
                /* Pull header back to avoid skew in tx bytes calculations. */
                __skb_pull(skb, hdr_len);
        } else {
                sg_set_buf(sq->sg, hdr, hdr_len);
                num_sg = skb_to_sgvec(skb, sq->sg + 1, 0, skb->len);
                if (unlikely(num_sg < 0))
                        return num_sg;
                num_sg++;
        }
        return virtqueue_add_outbuf(sq->vq, sq->sg, num_sg, skb, GFP_ATOMIC);
}

static netdev_tx_t start_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int qnum = skb_get_queue_mapping(skb);
        struct send_queue *sq = &vi->sq[qnum];
        int err;
        struct netdev_queue *txq = netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, qnum);
        bool kick = !netdev_xmit_more();
        bool use_napi = sq->napi.weight;

        /* Free up any pending old buffers before queueing new ones. */
        free_old_xmit_skbs(sq, false);

        if (use_napi && kick)
                virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed(sq->vq);

        /* timestamp packet in software */
        skb_tx_timestamp(skb);

        /* Try to transmit */
        err = xmit_skb(sq, skb);

        /* This should not happen! */
        if (unlikely(err)) {
                dev->stats.tx_fifo_errors++;
                if (net_ratelimit())
                        dev_warn(&dev->dev,
                                 "Unexpected TXQ (%d) queue failure: %d\n",
                                 qnum, err);
                dev->stats.tx_dropped++;
                dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
                return NETDEV_TX_OK;
        }

        /* Don't wait up for transmitted skbs to be freed. */
        if (!use_napi) {
                skb_orphan(skb);
                nf_reset_ct(skb);
        }

        /* If running out of space, stop queue to avoid getting packets that we
         * are then unable to transmit.
         * An alternative would be to force queuing layer to requeue the skb by
         * returning NETDEV_TX_BUSY. However, NETDEV_TX_BUSY should not be
         * returned in a normal path of operation: it means that driver is not
         * maintaining the TX queue stop/start state properly, and causes
         * the stack to do a non-trivial amount of useless work.
         * Since most packets only take 1 or 2 ring slots, stopping the queue
         * early means 16 slots are typically wasted.
         */
        if (sq->vq->num_free < 2+MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                netif_stop_subqueue(dev, qnum);
                if (!use_napi &&
                    unlikely(!virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed(sq->vq))) {
                        /* More just got used, free them then recheck. */
                        free_old_xmit_skbs(sq, false);
                        if (sq->vq->num_free >= 2+MAX_SKB_FRAGS) {
                                netif_start_subqueue(dev, qnum);
                                virtqueue_disable_cb(sq->vq);
                        }
                }
        }

        if (kick || netif_xmit_stopped(txq)) {
                if (virtqueue_kick_prepare(sq->vq) && virtqueue_notify(sq->vq)) {
                        u64_stats_update_begin(&sq->stats.syncp);
                        sq->stats.kicks++;
                        u64_stats_update_end(&sq->stats.syncp);
                }
        }

        return NETDEV_TX_OK;
}

/*
 * Send command via the control virtqueue and check status.  Commands
 * supported by the hypervisor, as indicated by feature bits, should
 * never fail unless improperly formatted.
 */
static bool virtnet_send_command(struct virtnet_info *vi, u8 class, u8 cmd,
                                 struct scatterlist *out)
{
        struct scatterlist *sgs[4], hdr, stat;
        unsigned out_num = 0, tmp;

        /* Caller should know better */
        BUG_ON(!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ));

        vi->ctrl->status = ~0;
        vi->ctrl->hdr.class = class;
        vi->ctrl->hdr.cmd = cmd;
        /* Add header */
        sg_init_one(&hdr, &vi->ctrl->hdr, sizeof(vi->ctrl->hdr));
        sgs[out_num++] = &hdr;

        if (out)
                sgs[out_num++] = out;

        /* Add return status. */
        sg_init_one(&stat, &vi->ctrl->status, sizeof(vi->ctrl->status));
        sgs[out_num] = &stat;

        BUG_ON(out_num + 1 > ARRAY_SIZE(sgs));
        virtqueue_add_sgs(vi->cvq, sgs, out_num, 1, vi, GFP_ATOMIC);

        if (unlikely(!virtqueue_kick(vi->cvq)))
                return vi->ctrl->status == VIRTIO_NET_OK;

        /* Spin for a response, the kick causes an ioport write, trapping
         * into the hypervisor, so the request should be handled immediately.
         */
        while (!virtqueue_get_buf(vi->cvq, &tmp) &&
               !virtqueue_is_broken(vi->cvq))
                cpu_relax();

        return vi->ctrl->status == VIRTIO_NET_OK;
}

static int virtnet_set_mac_address(struct net_device *dev, void *p)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct virtio_device *vdev = vi->vdev;
        int ret;
        struct sockaddr *addr;
        struct scatterlist sg;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_STANDBY))
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        addr = kmemdup(p, sizeof(*addr), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!addr)
                return -ENOMEM;

        ret = eth_prepare_mac_addr_change(dev, addr);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_MAC_ADDR)) {
                sg_init_one(&sg, addr->sa_data, dev->addr_len);
                if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC,
                                          VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC_ADDR_SET, &sg)) {
                        dev_warn(&vdev->dev,
                                 "Failed to set mac address by vq command.\n");
                        ret = -EINVAL;
                        goto out;
                }
        } else if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MAC) &&
                   !virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1)) {
                unsigned int i;

                /* Naturally, this has an atomicity problem. */
                for (i = 0; i < dev->addr_len; i++)
                        virtio_cwrite8(vdev,
                                       offsetof(struct virtio_net_config, mac) +
                                       i, addr->sa_data[i]);
        }

        eth_commit_mac_addr_change(dev, p);
        ret = 0;

out:
        kfree(addr);
        return ret;
}

static void virtnet_stats(struct net_device *dev,
                          struct rtnl_link_stats64 *tot)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int start;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                u64 tpackets, tbytes, rpackets, rbytes, rdrops;
                struct receive_queue *rq = &vi->rq[i];
                struct send_queue *sq = &vi->sq[i];

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&sq->stats.syncp);
                        tpackets = sq->stats.packets;
                        tbytes   = sq->stats.bytes;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&sq->stats.syncp, start));

                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&rq->stats.syncp);
                        rpackets = rq->stats.packets;
                        rbytes   = rq->stats.bytes;
                        rdrops   = rq->stats.drops;
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&rq->stats.syncp, start));

                tot->rx_packets += rpackets;
                tot->tx_packets += tpackets;
                tot->rx_bytes   += rbytes;
                tot->tx_bytes   += tbytes;
                tot->rx_dropped += rdrops;
        }

        tot->tx_dropped = dev->stats.tx_dropped;
        tot->tx_fifo_errors = dev->stats.tx_fifo_errors;
        tot->rx_length_errors = dev->stats.rx_length_errors;
        tot->rx_frame_errors = dev->stats.rx_frame_errors;
}

static void virtnet_ack_link_announce(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        rtnl_lock();
        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_ANNOUNCE,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_ANNOUNCE_ACK, NULL))
                dev_warn(&vi->dev->dev, "Failed to ack link announce.\n");
        rtnl_unlock();
}

static int _virtnet_set_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi, u16 queue_pairs)
{
        struct scatterlist sg;
        struct net_device *dev = vi->dev;

        if (!vi->has_cvq || !virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MQ))
                return 0;

        vi->ctrl->mq.virtqueue_pairs = cpu_to_virtio16(vi->vdev, queue_pairs);
        sg_init_one(&sg, &vi->ctrl->mq, sizeof(vi->ctrl->mq));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_VQ_PAIRS_SET, &sg)) {
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Fail to set num of queue pairs to %d\n",
                         queue_pairs);
                return -EINVAL;
        } else {
                vi->curr_queue_pairs = queue_pairs;
                /* virtnet_open() will refill when device is going to up. */
                if (dev->flags & IFF_UP)
                        schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_set_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi, u16 queue_pairs)
{
        int err;

        rtnl_lock();
        err = _virtnet_set_queues(vi, queue_pairs);
        rtnl_unlock();
        return err;
}

static int virtnet_close(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i;

        /* Make sure refill_work doesn't re-enable napi! */
        cancel_delayed_work_sync(&vi->refill);

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                xdp_rxq_info_unreg(&vi->rq[i].xdp_rxq);
                napi_disable(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                virtnet_napi_tx_disable(&vi->sq[i].napi);
        }

        return 0;
}

static void virtnet_set_rx_mode(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct scatterlist sg[2];
        struct virtio_net_ctrl_mac *mac_data;
        struct netdev_hw_addr *ha;
        int uc_count;
        int mc_count;
        void *buf;
        int i;

        /* We can't dynamically set ndo_set_rx_mode, so return gracefully */
        if (!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_RX))
                return;

        vi->ctrl->promisc = ((dev->flags & IFF_PROMISC) != 0);
        vi->ctrl->allmulti = ((dev->flags & IFF_ALLMULTI) != 0);

        sg_init_one(sg, &vi->ctrl->promisc, sizeof(vi->ctrl->promisc));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_PROMISC, sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to %sable promisc mode.\n",
                         vi->ctrl->promisc ? "en" : "dis");

        sg_init_one(sg, &vi->ctrl->allmulti, sizeof(vi->ctrl->allmulti));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_RX_ALLMULTI, sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to %sable allmulti mode.\n",
                         vi->ctrl->allmulti ? "en" : "dis");

        uc_count = netdev_uc_count(dev);
        mc_count = netdev_mc_count(dev);
        /* MAC filter - use one buffer for both lists */
        buf = kzalloc(((uc_count + mc_count) * ETH_ALEN) +
                      (2 * sizeof(mac_data->entries)), GFP_ATOMIC);
        mac_data = buf;
        if (!buf)
                return;

        sg_init_table(sg, 2);

        /* Store the unicast list and count in the front of the buffer */
        mac_data->entries = cpu_to_virtio32(vi->vdev, uc_count);
        i = 0;
        netdev_for_each_uc_addr(ha, dev)
                memcpy(&mac_data->macs[i++][0], ha->addr, ETH_ALEN);

        sg_set_buf(&sg[0], mac_data,
                   sizeof(mac_data->entries) + (uc_count * ETH_ALEN));

        /* multicast list and count fill the end */
        mac_data = (void *)&mac_data->macs[uc_count][0];

        mac_data->entries = cpu_to_virtio32(vi->vdev, mc_count);
        i = 0;
        netdev_for_each_mc_addr(ha, dev)
                memcpy(&mac_data->macs[i++][0], ha->addr, ETH_ALEN);

        sg_set_buf(&sg[1], mac_data,
                   sizeof(mac_data->entries) + (mc_count * ETH_ALEN));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MAC_TABLE_SET, sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to set MAC filter table.\n");

        kfree(buf);
}

static int virtnet_vlan_rx_add_vid(struct net_device *dev,
                                   __be16 proto, u16 vid)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct scatterlist sg;

        vi->ctrl->vid = cpu_to_virtio16(vi->vdev, vid);
        sg_init_one(&sg, &vi->ctrl->vid, sizeof(vi->ctrl->vid));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN_ADD, &sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to add VLAN ID %d.\n", vid);
        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_vlan_rx_kill_vid(struct net_device *dev,
                                    __be16 proto, u16 vid)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct scatterlist sg;

        vi->ctrl->vid = cpu_to_virtio16(vi->vdev, vid);
        sg_init_one(&sg, &vi->ctrl->vid, sizeof(vi->ctrl->vid));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_VLAN_DEL, &sg))
                dev_warn(&dev->dev, "Failed to kill VLAN ID %d.\n", vid);
        return 0;
}

static void virtnet_clean_affinity(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;

        if (vi->affinity_hint_set) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->rq[i].vq, NULL);
                        virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->sq[i].vq, NULL);
                }

                vi->affinity_hint_set = false;
        }
}

static void virtnet_set_affinity(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        cpumask_var_t mask;
        int stragglers;
        int group_size;
        int i, j, cpu;
        int num_cpu;
        int stride;

        if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&mask, GFP_KERNEL)) {
                virtnet_clean_affinity(vi);
                return;
        }

        num_cpu = num_online_cpus();
        stride = max_t(int, num_cpu / vi->curr_queue_pairs, 1);
        stragglers = num_cpu >= vi->curr_queue_pairs ?
                        num_cpu % vi->curr_queue_pairs :
                        0;
        cpu = cpumask_next(-1, cpu_online_mask);

        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                group_size = stride + (i < stragglers ? 1 : 0);

                for (j = 0; j < group_size; j++) {
                        cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, mask);
                        cpu = cpumask_next_wrap(cpu, cpu_online_mask,
                                                nr_cpu_ids, false);
                }
                virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->rq[i].vq, mask);
                virtqueue_set_affinity(vi->sq[i].vq, mask);
                __netif_set_xps_queue(vi->dev, cpumask_bits(mask), i, false);
                cpumask_clear(mask);
        }

        vi->affinity_hint_set = true;
        free_cpumask_var(mask);
}

static int virtnet_cpu_online(unsigned int cpu, struct hlist_node *node)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = hlist_entry_safe(node, struct virtnet_info,
                                                   node);
        virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_cpu_dead(unsigned int cpu, struct hlist_node *node)

{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = hlist_entry_safe(node, struct virtnet_info,
                                                   node_dead);
        virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_cpu_down_prep(unsigned int cpu, struct hlist_node *node)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = hlist_entry_safe(node, struct virtnet_info,
                                                   node);

        virtnet_clean_affinity(vi);
        return 0;
}

static enum cpuhp_state virtionet_online;

static int virtnet_cpu_notif_add(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int ret;

        ret = cpuhp_state_add_instance_nocalls(virtionet_online, &vi->node);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
        ret = cpuhp_state_add_instance_nocalls(CPUHP_VIRT_NET_DEAD,
                                               &vi->node_dead);
        if (!ret)
                return ret;
        cpuhp_state_remove_instance_nocalls(virtionet_online, &vi->node);
        return ret;
}

static void virtnet_cpu_notif_remove(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        cpuhp_state_remove_instance_nocalls(virtionet_online, &vi->node);
        cpuhp_state_remove_instance_nocalls(CPUHP_VIRT_NET_DEAD,
                                            &vi->node_dead);
}

static void virtnet_get_ringparam(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_ringparam *ring)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        ring->rx_max_pending = virtqueue_get_vring_size(vi->rq[0].vq);
        ring->tx_max_pending = virtqueue_get_vring_size(vi->sq[0].vq);
        ring->rx_pending = ring->rx_max_pending;
        ring->tx_pending = ring->tx_max_pending;
}


static void virtnet_get_drvinfo(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_drvinfo *info)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct virtio_device *vdev = vi->vdev;

        strlcpy(info->driver, KBUILD_MODNAME, sizeof(info->driver));
        strlcpy(info->version, VIRTNET_DRIVER_VERSION, sizeof(info->version));
        strlcpy(info->bus_info, virtio_bus_name(vdev), sizeof(info->bus_info));

}

/* TODO: Eliminate OOO packets during switching */
static int virtnet_set_channels(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_channels *channels)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        u16 queue_pairs = channels->combined_count;
        int err;

        /* We don't support separate rx/tx channels.
         * We don't allow setting 'other' channels.
         */
        if (channels->rx_count || channels->tx_count || channels->other_count)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (queue_pairs > vi->max_queue_pairs || queue_pairs == 0)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* For now we don't support modifying channels while XDP is loaded
         * also when XDP is loaded all RX queues have XDP programs so we only
         * need to check a single RX queue.
         */
        if (vi->rq[0].xdp_prog)
                return -EINVAL;

        get_online_cpus();
        err = _virtnet_set_queues(vi, queue_pairs);
        if (!err) {
                netif_set_real_num_tx_queues(dev, queue_pairs);
                netif_set_real_num_rx_queues(dev, queue_pairs);

                virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
        }
        put_online_cpus();

        return err;
}

static void virtnet_get_strings(struct net_device *dev, u32 stringset, u8 *data)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        char *p = (char *)data;
        unsigned int i, j;

        switch (stringset) {
        case ETH_SS_STATS:
                for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        for (j = 0; j < VIRTNET_RQ_STATS_LEN; j++) {
                                snprintf(p, ETH_GSTRING_LEN, "rx_queue_%u_%s",
                                         i, virtnet_rq_stats_desc[j].desc);
                                p += ETH_GSTRING_LEN;
                        }
                }

                for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        for (j = 0; j < VIRTNET_SQ_STATS_LEN; j++) {
                                snprintf(p, ETH_GSTRING_LEN, "tx_queue_%u_%s",
                                         i, virtnet_sq_stats_desc[j].desc);
                                p += ETH_GSTRING_LEN;
                        }
                }
                break;
        }
}

static int virtnet_get_sset_count(struct net_device *dev, int sset)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        switch (sset) {
        case ETH_SS_STATS:
                return vi->curr_queue_pairs * (VIRTNET_RQ_STATS_LEN +
                                               VIRTNET_SQ_STATS_LEN);
        default:
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
        }
}

static void virtnet_get_ethtool_stats(struct net_device *dev,
                                      struct ethtool_stats *stats, u64 *data)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        unsigned int idx = 0, start, i, j;
        const u8 *stats_base;
        size_t offset;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct receive_queue *rq = &vi->rq[i];

                stats_base = (u8 *)&rq->stats;
                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&rq->stats.syncp);
                        for (j = 0; j < VIRTNET_RQ_STATS_LEN; j++) {
                                offset = virtnet_rq_stats_desc[j].offset;
                                data[idx + j] = *(u64 *)(stats_base + offset);
                        }
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&rq->stats.syncp, start));
                idx += VIRTNET_RQ_STATS_LEN;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct send_queue *sq = &vi->sq[i];

                stats_base = (u8 *)&sq->stats;
                do {
                        start = u64_stats_fetch_begin_irq(&sq->stats.syncp);
                        for (j = 0; j < VIRTNET_SQ_STATS_LEN; j++) {
                                offset = virtnet_sq_stats_desc[j].offset;
                                data[idx + j] = *(u64 *)(stats_base + offset);
                        }
                } while (u64_stats_fetch_retry_irq(&sq->stats.syncp, start));
                idx += VIRTNET_SQ_STATS_LEN;
        }
}

static void virtnet_get_channels(struct net_device *dev,
                                 struct ethtool_channels *channels)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        channels->combined_count = vi->curr_queue_pairs;
        channels->max_combined = vi->max_queue_pairs;
        channels->max_other = 0;
        channels->rx_count = 0;
        channels->tx_count = 0;
        channels->other_count = 0;
}

static int virtnet_set_link_ksettings(struct net_device *dev,
                                      const struct ethtool_link_ksettings *cmd)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        return ethtool_virtdev_set_link_ksettings(dev, cmd,
                                                  &vi->speed, &vi->duplex);
}

static int virtnet_get_link_ksettings(struct net_device *dev,
                                      struct ethtool_link_ksettings *cmd)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        cmd->base.speed = vi->speed;
        cmd->base.duplex = vi->duplex;
        cmd->base.port = PORT_OTHER;

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_set_coalesce(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_coalesce *ec)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int i, napi_weight;

        if (ec->tx_max_coalesced_frames > 1 ||
            ec->rx_max_coalesced_frames != 1)
                return -EINVAL;

        napi_weight = ec->tx_max_coalesced_frames ? NAPI_POLL_WEIGHT : 0;
        if (napi_weight ^ vi->sq[0].napi.weight) {
                if (dev->flags & IFF_UP)
                        return -EBUSY;
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                        vi->sq[i].napi.weight = napi_weight;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_get_coalesce(struct net_device *dev,
                                struct ethtool_coalesce *ec)
{
        struct ethtool_coalesce ec_default = {
                .cmd = ETHTOOL_GCOALESCE,
                .rx_max_coalesced_frames = 1,
        };
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        memcpy(ec, &ec_default, sizeof(ec_default));

        if (vi->sq[0].napi.weight)
                ec->tx_max_coalesced_frames = 1;

        return 0;
}

static void virtnet_init_settings(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);

        vi->speed = SPEED_UNKNOWN;
        vi->duplex = DUPLEX_UNKNOWN;
}

static void virtnet_update_settings(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        u32 speed;
        u8 duplex;

        if (!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_SPEED_DUPLEX))
                return;

        speed = virtio_cread32(vi->vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_net_config,
                                                  speed));
        if (ethtool_validate_speed(speed))
                vi->speed = speed;
        duplex = virtio_cread8(vi->vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_net_config,
                                                  duplex));
        if (ethtool_validate_duplex(duplex))
                vi->duplex = duplex;
}

static const struct ethtool_ops virtnet_ethtool_ops = {
        .supported_coalesce_params = ETHTOOL_COALESCE_MAX_FRAMES,
        .get_drvinfo = virtnet_get_drvinfo,
        .get_link = ethtool_op_get_link,
        .get_ringparam = virtnet_get_ringparam,
        .get_strings = virtnet_get_strings,
        .get_sset_count = virtnet_get_sset_count,
        .get_ethtool_stats = virtnet_get_ethtool_stats,
        .set_channels = virtnet_set_channels,
        .get_channels = virtnet_get_channels,
        .get_ts_info = ethtool_op_get_ts_info,
        .get_link_ksettings = virtnet_get_link_ksettings,
        .set_link_ksettings = virtnet_set_link_ksettings,
        .set_coalesce = virtnet_set_coalesce,
        .get_coalesce = virtnet_get_coalesce,
};

static void virtnet_freeze_down(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;
        int i;

        /* Make sure no work handler is accessing the device */
        flush_work(&vi->config_work);

        netif_tx_lock_bh(vi->dev);
        netif_device_detach(vi->dev);
        netif_tx_unlock_bh(vi->dev);
        cancel_delayed_work_sync(&vi->refill);

        if (netif_running(vi->dev)) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        napi_disable(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                        virtnet_napi_tx_disable(&vi->sq[i].napi);
                }
        }
}

static int init_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi);

static int virtnet_restore_up(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;
        int err, i;

        err = init_vqs(vi);
        if (err)
                return err;

        virtio_device_ready(vdev);

        if (netif_running(vi->dev)) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->curr_queue_pairs; i++)
                        if (!try_fill_recv(vi, &vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL))
                                schedule_delayed_work(&vi->refill, 0);

                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        virtnet_napi_enable(vi->rq[i].vq, &vi->rq[i].napi);
                        virtnet_napi_tx_enable(vi, vi->sq[i].vq,
                                               &vi->sq[i].napi);
                }
        }

        netif_tx_lock_bh(vi->dev);
        netif_device_attach(vi->dev);
        netif_tx_unlock_bh(vi->dev);
        return err;
}

static int virtnet_set_guest_offloads(struct virtnet_info *vi, u64 offloads)
{
        struct scatterlist sg;
        vi->ctrl->offloads = cpu_to_virtio64(vi->vdev, offloads);

        sg_init_one(&sg, &vi->ctrl->offloads, sizeof(vi->ctrl->offloads));

        if (!virtnet_send_command(vi, VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_GUEST_OFFLOADS,
                                  VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_GUEST_OFFLOADS_SET, &sg)) {
                dev_warn(&vi->dev->dev, "Fail to set guest offload.\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_clear_guest_offloads(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        u64 offloads = 0;

        if (!vi->guest_offloads)
                return 0;

        return virtnet_set_guest_offloads(vi, offloads);
}

static int virtnet_restore_guest_offloads(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        u64 offloads = vi->guest_offloads;

        if (!vi->guest_offloads)
                return 0;

        return virtnet_set_guest_offloads(vi, offloads);
}

static int virtnet_xdp_set(struct net_device *dev, struct bpf_prog *prog,
                           struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
{
        unsigned long int max_sz = PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct padded_vnet_hdr);
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        struct bpf_prog *old_prog;
        u16 xdp_qp = 0, curr_qp;
        int i, err;

        if (!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_GUEST_OFFLOADS)
            && (virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO4) ||
                virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_TSO6) ||
                virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_ECN) ||
                virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_UFO) ||
                virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_CSUM))) {
                NL_SET_ERR_MSG_MOD(extack, "Can't set XDP while host is implementing LRO/CSUM, disable LRO/CSUM first");
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
        }

        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs && !vi->any_header_sg) {
                NL_SET_ERR_MSG_MOD(extack, "XDP expects header/data in single page, any_header_sg required");
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (dev->mtu > max_sz) {
                NL_SET_ERR_MSG_MOD(extack, "MTU too large to enable XDP");
                netdev_warn(dev, "XDP requires MTU less than %lu\n", max_sz);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        curr_qp = vi->curr_queue_pairs - vi->xdp_queue_pairs;
        if (prog)
                xdp_qp = nr_cpu_ids;

        /* XDP requires extra queues for XDP_TX */
        if (curr_qp + xdp_qp > vi->max_queue_pairs) {
                NL_SET_ERR_MSG_MOD(extack, "Too few free TX rings available");
                netdev_warn(dev, "request %i queues but max is %i\n",
                            curr_qp + xdp_qp, vi->max_queue_pairs);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        old_prog = rtnl_dereference(vi->rq[0].xdp_prog);
        if (!prog && !old_prog)
                return 0;

        if (prog)
                bpf_prog_add(prog, vi->max_queue_pairs - 1);

        /* Make sure NAPI is not using any XDP TX queues for RX. */
        if (netif_running(dev)) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        napi_disable(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                        virtnet_napi_tx_disable(&vi->sq[i].napi);
                }
        }

        if (!prog) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        rcu_assign_pointer(vi->rq[i].xdp_prog, prog);
                        if (i == 0)
                                virtnet_restore_guest_offloads(vi);
                }
                synchronize_net();
        }

        err = _virtnet_set_queues(vi, curr_qp + xdp_qp);
        if (err)
                goto err;
        netif_set_real_num_rx_queues(dev, curr_qp + xdp_qp);
        vi->xdp_queue_pairs = xdp_qp;

        if (prog) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        rcu_assign_pointer(vi->rq[i].xdp_prog, prog);
                        if (i == 0 && !old_prog)
                                virtnet_clear_guest_offloads(vi);
                }
        }

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                if (old_prog)
                        bpf_prog_put(old_prog);
                if (netif_running(dev)) {
                        virtnet_napi_enable(vi->rq[i].vq, &vi->rq[i].napi);
                        virtnet_napi_tx_enable(vi, vi->sq[i].vq,
                                               &vi->sq[i].napi);
                }
        }

        return 0;

err:
        if (!prog) {
                virtnet_clear_guest_offloads(vi);
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                        rcu_assign_pointer(vi->rq[i].xdp_prog, old_prog);
        }

        if (netif_running(dev)) {
                for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                        virtnet_napi_enable(vi->rq[i].vq, &vi->rq[i].napi);
                        virtnet_napi_tx_enable(vi, vi->sq[i].vq,
                                               &vi->sq[i].napi);
                }
        }
        if (prog)
                bpf_prog_sub(prog, vi->max_queue_pairs - 1);
        return err;
}

static u32 virtnet_xdp_query(struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        const struct bpf_prog *xdp_prog;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                xdp_prog = rtnl_dereference(vi->rq[i].xdp_prog);
                if (xdp_prog)
                        return xdp_prog->aux->id;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_xdp(struct net_device *dev, struct netdev_bpf *xdp)
{
        switch (xdp->command) {
        case XDP_SETUP_PROG:
                return virtnet_xdp_set(dev, xdp->prog, xdp->extack);
        case XDP_QUERY_PROG:
                xdp->prog_id = virtnet_xdp_query(dev);
                return 0;
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }
}

static int virtnet_get_phys_port_name(struct net_device *dev, char *buf,
                                      size_t len)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        int ret;

        if (!virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_STANDBY))
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        ret = snprintf(buf, len, "sby");
        if (ret >= len)
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_set_features(struct net_device *dev,
                                netdev_features_t features)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
        u64 offloads;
        int err;

        if ((dev->features ^ features) & NETIF_F_LRO) {
                if (vi->xdp_queue_pairs)
                        return -EBUSY;

                if (features & NETIF_F_LRO)
                        offloads = vi->guest_offloads_capable;
                else
                        offloads = 0;

                err = virtnet_set_guest_offloads(vi, offloads);
                if (err)
                        return err;
                vi->guest_offloads = offloads;
        }

        return 0;
}

static const struct net_device_ops virtnet_netdev = {
        .ndo_open            = virtnet_open,
        .ndo_stop            = virtnet_close,
        .ndo_start_xmit      = start_xmit,
        .ndo_validate_addr   = eth_validate_addr,
        .ndo_set_mac_address = virtnet_set_mac_address,
        .ndo_set_rx_mode     = virtnet_set_rx_mode,
        .ndo_get_stats64     = virtnet_stats,
        .ndo_vlan_rx_add_vid = virtnet_vlan_rx_add_vid,
        .ndo_vlan_rx_kill_vid = virtnet_vlan_rx_kill_vid,
        .ndo_bpf                = virtnet_xdp,
        .ndo_xdp_xmit           = virtnet_xdp_xmit,
        .ndo_features_check     = passthru_features_check,
        .ndo_get_phys_port_name = virtnet_get_phys_port_name,
        .ndo_set_features       = virtnet_set_features,
};

static void virtnet_config_changed_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi =
                container_of(work, struct virtnet_info, config_work);
        u16 v;

        if (virtio_cread_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_STATUS,
                                 struct virtio_net_config, status, &v) < 0)
                return;

        if (v & VIRTIO_NET_S_ANNOUNCE) {
                netdev_notify_peers(vi->dev);
                virtnet_ack_link_announce(vi);
        }

        /* Ignore unknown (future) status bits */
        v &= VIRTIO_NET_S_LINK_UP;

        if (vi->status == v)
                return;

        vi->status = v;

        if (vi->status & VIRTIO_NET_S_LINK_UP) {
                virtnet_update_settings(vi);
                netif_carrier_on(vi->dev);
                netif_tx_wake_all_queues(vi->dev);
        } else {
                netif_carrier_off(vi->dev);
                netif_tx_stop_all_queues(vi->dev);
        }
}

static void virtnet_config_changed(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = vdev->priv;

        schedule_work(&vi->config_work);
}

static void virtnet_free_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                napi_hash_del(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                netif_napi_del(&vi->rq[i].napi);
                netif_napi_del(&vi->sq[i].napi);
        }

        /* We called napi_hash_del() before netif_napi_del(),
         * we need to respect an RCU grace period before freeing vi->rq
         */
        synchronize_net();

        kfree(vi->rq);
        kfree(vi->sq);
        kfree(vi->ctrl);
}

static void _free_receive_bufs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        struct bpf_prog *old_prog;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                while (vi->rq[i].pages)
                        __free_pages(get_a_page(&vi->rq[i], GFP_KERNEL), 0);

                old_prog = rtnl_dereference(vi->rq[i].xdp_prog);
                RCU_INIT_POINTER(vi->rq[i].xdp_prog, NULL);
                if (old_prog)
                        bpf_prog_put(old_prog);
        }
}

static void free_receive_bufs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        rtnl_lock();
        _free_receive_bufs(vi);
        rtnl_unlock();
}

static void free_receive_page_frags(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++)
                if (vi->rq[i].alloc_frag.page)
                        put_page(vi->rq[i].alloc_frag.page);
}

static void free_unused_bufs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        void *buf;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct virtqueue *vq = vi->sq[i].vq;
                while ((buf = virtqueue_detach_unused_buf(vq)) != NULL) {
                        if (!is_xdp_frame(buf))
                                dev_kfree_skb(buf);
                        else
                                xdp_return_frame(ptr_to_xdp(buf));
                }
        }

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                struct virtqueue *vq = vi->rq[i].vq;

                while ((buf = virtqueue_detach_unused_buf(vq)) != NULL) {
                        if (vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                                put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));
                        } else if (vi->big_packets) {
                                give_pages(&vi->rq[i], buf);
                        } else {
                                put_page(virt_to_head_page(buf));
                        }
                }
        }
}

static void virtnet_del_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        struct virtio_device *vdev = vi->vdev;

        virtnet_clean_affinity(vi);

        vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);

        virtnet_free_queues(vi);
}

/* How large should a single buffer be so a queue full of these can fit at
 * least one full packet?
 * Logic below assumes the mergeable buffer header is used.
 */
static unsigned int mergeable_min_buf_len(struct virtnet_info *vi, struct virtqueue *vq)
{
        const unsigned int hdr_len = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
        unsigned int rq_size = virtqueue_get_vring_size(vq);
        unsigned int packet_len = vi->big_packets ? IP_MAX_MTU : vi->dev->max_mtu;
        unsigned int buf_len = hdr_len + ETH_HLEN + VLAN_HLEN + packet_len;
        unsigned int min_buf_len = DIV_ROUND_UP(buf_len, rq_size);

        return max(max(min_buf_len, hdr_len) - hdr_len,
                   (unsigned int)GOOD_PACKET_LEN);
}

static int virtnet_find_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        vq_callback_t **callbacks;
        struct virtqueue **vqs;
        int ret = -ENOMEM;
        int i, total_vqs;
        const char **names;
        bool *ctx;

        /* We expect 1 RX virtqueue followed by 1 TX virtqueue, followed by
         * possible N-1 RX/TX queue pairs used in multiqueue mode, followed by
         * possible control vq.
         */
        total_vqs = vi->max_queue_pairs * 2 +
                    virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ);

        /* Allocate space for find_vqs parameters */
        vqs = kcalloc(total_vqs, sizeof(*vqs), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vqs)
                goto err_vq;
        callbacks = kmalloc_array(total_vqs, sizeof(*callbacks), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!callbacks)
                goto err_callback;
        names = kmalloc_array(total_vqs, sizeof(*names), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!names)
                goto err_names;
        if (!vi->big_packets || vi->mergeable_rx_bufs) {
                ctx = kcalloc(total_vqs, sizeof(*ctx), GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!ctx)
                        goto err_ctx;
        } else {
                ctx = NULL;
        }

        /* Parameters for control virtqueue, if any */
        if (vi->has_cvq) {
                callbacks[total_vqs - 1] = NULL;
                names[total_vqs - 1] = "control";
        }

        /* Allocate/initialize parameters for send/receive virtqueues */
        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                callbacks[rxq2vq(i)] = skb_recv_done;
                callbacks[txq2vq(i)] = skb_xmit_done;
                sprintf(vi->rq[i].name, "input.%d", i);
                sprintf(vi->sq[i].name, "output.%d", i);
                names[rxq2vq(i)] = vi->rq[i].name;
                names[txq2vq(i)] = vi->sq[i].name;
                if (ctx)
                        ctx[rxq2vq(i)] = true;
        }

        ret = vi->vdev->config->find_vqs(vi->vdev, total_vqs, vqs, callbacks,
                                         names, ctx, NULL);
        if (ret)
                goto err_find;

        if (vi->has_cvq) {
                vi->cvq = vqs[total_vqs - 1];
                if (virtio_has_feature(vi->vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VLAN))
                        vi->dev->features |= NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_FILTER;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                vi->rq[i].vq = vqs[rxq2vq(i)];
                vi->rq[i].min_buf_len = mergeable_min_buf_len(vi, vi->rq[i].vq);
                vi->sq[i].vq = vqs[txq2vq(i)];
        }

        /* run here: ret == 0. */


err_find:
        kfree(ctx);
err_ctx:
        kfree(names);
err_names:
        kfree(callbacks);
err_callback:
        kfree(vqs);
err_vq:
        return ret;
}

static int virtnet_alloc_queues(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int i;

        vi->ctrl = kzalloc(sizeof(*vi->ctrl), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vi->ctrl)
                goto err_ctrl;
        vi->sq = kcalloc(vi->max_queue_pairs, sizeof(*vi->sq), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vi->sq)
                goto err_sq;
        vi->rq = kcalloc(vi->max_queue_pairs, sizeof(*vi->rq), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!vi->rq)
                goto err_rq;

        INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&vi->refill, refill_work);
        for (i = 0; i < vi->max_queue_pairs; i++) {
                vi->rq[i].pages = NULL;
                netif_napi_add(vi->dev, &vi->rq[i].napi, virtnet_poll,
                               napi_weight);
                netif_tx_napi_add(vi->dev, &vi->sq[i].napi, virtnet_poll_tx,
                                  napi_tx ? napi_weight : 0);

                sg_init_table(vi->rq[i].sg, ARRAY_SIZE(vi->rq[i].sg));
                ewma_pkt_len_init(&vi->rq[i].mrg_avg_pkt_len);
                sg_init_table(vi->sq[i].sg, ARRAY_SIZE(vi->sq[i].sg));

                u64_stats_init(&vi->rq[i].stats.syncp);
                u64_stats_init(&vi->sq[i].stats.syncp);
        }

        return 0;

err_rq:
        kfree(vi->sq);
err_sq:
        kfree(vi->ctrl);
err_ctrl:
        return -ENOMEM;
}

static int init_vqs(struct virtnet_info *vi)
{
        int ret;

        /* Allocate send & receive queues */
        ret = virtnet_alloc_queues(vi);
        if (ret)
                goto err;

        ret = virtnet_find_vqs(vi);
        if (ret)
                goto err_free;

        get_online_cpus();
        virtnet_set_affinity(vi);
        put_online_cpus();

        return 0;

err_free:
        virtnet_free_queues(vi);
err:
        return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static ssize_t mergeable_rx_buffer_size_show(struct netdev_rx_queue *queue,
                char *buf)
{
        struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(queue->dev);
        unsigned int queue_index = get_netdev_rx_queue_index(queue);
        unsigned int headroom = virtnet_get_headroom(vi);
        unsigned int tailroom = headroom ? sizeof(struct skb_shared_info) : 0;
        struct ewma_pkt_len *avg;

        BUG_ON(queue_index >= vi->max_queue_pairs);
        avg = &vi->rq[queue_index].mrg_avg_pkt_len;
        return sprintf(buf, "%u\n",
                       get_mergeable_buf_len(&vi->rq[queue_index], avg,
                                       SKB_DATA_ALIGN(headroom + tailroom)));
}

static struct rx_queue_attribute mergeable_rx_buffer_size_attribute =
        __ATTR_RO(mergeable_rx_buffer_size);

static struct attribute *virtio_net_mrg_rx_attrs[] = {
        &mergeable_rx_buffer_size_attribute.attr,
        NULL
};

static const struct attribute_group virtio_net_mrg_rx_group = {
        .name = "virtio_net",
        .attrs = virtio_net_mrg_rx_attrs
};
#endif

static bool virtnet_fail_on_feature(struct virtio_device *vdev,
                                    unsigned int fbit,
                                    const char *fname, const char *dname)
{
        if (!virtio_has_feature(vdev, fbit))
                return false;

        dev_err(&vdev->dev, "device advertises feature %s but not %s",
                fname, dname);

        return true;
}

#define VIRTNET_FAIL_ON(vdev, fbit, dbit)                       \
        virtnet_fail_on_feature(vdev, fbit, #fbit, dbit)

static bool virtnet_validate_features(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        if (!virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ) &&
            (VIRTNET_FAIL_ON(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_RX,
                             "VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ") ||
             VIRTNET_FAIL_ON(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VLAN,
                             "VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ") ||
             VIRTNET_FAIL_ON(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_ANNOUNCE,
                             "VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ") ||
             VIRTNET_FAIL_ON(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MQ, "VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ") ||
             VIRTNET_FAIL_ON(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_MAC_ADDR,
                             "VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ"))) {
                return false;
        }

        return true;
}

#define MIN_MTU ETH_MIN_MTU
#define MAX_MTU ETH_MAX_MTU

static int virtnet_validate(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        if (!vdev->config->get) {
                dev_err(&vdev->dev, "%s failure: config access disabled\n",
                        __func__);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (!virtnet_validate_features(vdev))
                return -EINVAL;

        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MTU)) {
                int mtu = virtio_cread16(vdev,
                                         offsetof(struct virtio_net_config,
                                                  mtu));
                if (mtu < MIN_MTU)
                        __virtio_clear_bit(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MTU);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int virtnet_probe(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
        int i, err = -ENOMEM;
        struct net_device *dev;
        struct virtnet_info *vi;
        u16 max_queue_pairs;
        int mtu;

        /* Find if host supports multiqueue virtio_net device */
        err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_MQ,
                                   struct virtio_net_config,
                                   max_virtqueue_pairs, &max_queue_pairs);

        /* We need at least 2 queue's */
        if (err || max_queue_pairs < VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_VQ_PAIRS_MIN ||
            max_queue_pairs > VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_VQ_PAIRS_MAX ||
            !virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ))
                max_queue_pairs = 1;

        /* Allocate ourselves a network device with room for our info */
        dev = alloc_etherdev_mq(sizeof(struct virtnet_info), max_queue_pairs);
        if (!dev)
                return -ENOMEM;

        /* Set up network device as normal. */
        dev->priv_flags |= IFF_UNICAST_FLT | IFF_LIVE_ADDR_CHANGE;
        dev->netdev_ops = &virtnet_netdev;
        dev->features = NETIF_F_HIGHDMA;

        dev->ethtool_ops = &virtnet_ethtool_ops;
        SET_NETDEV_DEV(dev, &vdev->dev);

        /* Do we support "hardware" checksums? */
        if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CSUM)) {
                /* This opens up the world of extra features. */
                dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_HW_CSUM | NETIF_F_SG;