linux/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
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   1/*
   2 *
   3 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   4 *
   5 *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
   6 */
   7
   8#include <linux/module.h>
   9#include <linux/signal.h>
  10#include <linux/sched.h>
  11#include <linux/kernel.h>
  12#include <linux/errno.h>
  13#include <linux/string.h>
  14#include <linux/types.h>
  15#include <linux/ptrace.h>
  16#include <linux/mman.h>
  17#include <linux/mm.h>
  18#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  19#include <linux/swap.h>
  20#include <linux/smp.h>
  21#include <linux/init.h>
  22#include <linux/highmem.h>
  23#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  24#include <linux/pci.h>
  25#include <linux/pfn.h>
  26#include <linux/poison.h>
  27#include <linux/bootmem.h>
  28#include <linux/memblock.h>
  29#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  30#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
  31#include <linux/initrd.h>
  32#include <linux/cpumask.h>
  33#include <linux/gfp.h>
  34
  35#include <asm/asm.h>
  36#include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
  37#include <asm/processor.h>
  38#include <asm/uaccess.h>
  39#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  40#include <asm/dma.h>
  41#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  42#include <asm/e820.h>
  43#include <asm/apic.h>
  44#include <asm/bugs.h>
  45#include <asm/tlb.h>
  46#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  47#include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
  48#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  49#include <asm/sections.h>
  50#include <asm/paravirt.h>
  51#include <asm/setup.h>
  52#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  53#include <asm/page_types.h>
  54#include <asm/init.h>
  55
  56#include "mm_internal.h"
  57
  58unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
  59
  60static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
  61
  62bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
  63
  64/*
  65 * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
  66 * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
  67 * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
  68 */
  69static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
  70{
  71        pud_t *pud;
  72        pmd_t *pmd_table;
  73
  74#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
  75        if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  76                pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
  77                paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  78                set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
  79                pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  80                BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
  81
  82                return pmd_table;
  83        }
  84#endif
  85        pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  86        pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
  87
  88        return pmd_table;
  89}
  90
  91/*
  92 * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
  93 * directory entry:
  94 */
  95static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
  96{
  97        if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  98                pte_t *page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
  99
 100                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 101                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
 102                BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 103        }
 104
 105        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
 106}
 107
 108pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
 109{
 110        int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 111        int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 112
 113        return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
 114}
 115
 116pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 117{
 118        int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
 119        pmd_t *pmd;
 120
 121        pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
 122        return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
 123}
 124
 125static unsigned long __init
 126page_table_range_init_count(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 127{
 128        unsigned long count = 0;
 129#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 130        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 131        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 132        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 133        unsigned long vaddr;
 134
 135        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin == pmd_idx_kmap_end)
 136                return 0;
 137
 138        vaddr = start;
 139        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 140        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 141
 142        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd_idx++) {
 143                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 144                                                        pmd_idx++) {
 145                        if ((vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin &&
 146                            (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end)
 147                                count++;
 148                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 149                }
 150                pmd_idx = 0;
 151        }
 152#endif
 153        return count;
 154}
 155
 156static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
 157                                           unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte,
 158                                           void **adr)
 159{
 160#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 161        /*
 162         * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
 163         * page here, which causes the page table allocation
 164         * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
 165         * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
 166         */
 167        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 168        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 169
 170        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
 171            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
 172            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end) {
 173                pte_t *newpte;
 174                int i;
 175
 176                BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
 177                newpte = *adr;
 178                for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
 179                        set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
 180                *adr = (void *)(((unsigned long)(*adr)) + PAGE_SIZE);
 181
 182                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 183                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
 184                BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 185                __flush_tlb_all();
 186
 187                paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 188                pte = newpte;
 189        }
 190        BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
 191               && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
 192               && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
 193#endif
 194        return pte;
 195}
 196
 197/*
 198 * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
 199 * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
 200 * the given range.
 201 *
 202 * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
 203 * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
 204 * checking the pgd every time.
 205 */
 206static void __init
 207page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
 208{
 209        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 210        unsigned long vaddr;
 211        pgd_t *pgd;
 212        pmd_t *pmd;
 213        pte_t *pte = NULL;
 214        unsigned long count = page_table_range_init_count(start, end);
 215        void *adr = NULL;
 216
 217        if (count)
 218                adr = alloc_low_pages(count);
 219
 220        vaddr = start;
 221        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 222        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 223        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 224
 225        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 226                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 227                pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
 228                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 229                                                        pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 230                        pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
 231                                                    pmd, vaddr, pte, &adr);
 232
 233                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 234                }
 235                pmd_idx = 0;
 236        }
 237}
 238
 239static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
 240{
 241        if (addr >= (unsigned long)_text && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
 242                return 1;
 243        return 0;
 244}
 245
 246/*
 247 * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
 248 * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
 249 * PAGE_OFFSET:
 250 */
 251unsigned long __init
 252kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
 253                             unsigned long end,
 254                             unsigned long page_size_mask)
 255{
 256        int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
 257        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 258        unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 259        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 260        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
 261        unsigned long pfn;
 262        pgd_t *pgd;
 263        pmd_t *pmd;
 264        pte_t *pte;
 265        unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
 266        int mapping_iter;
 267
 268        start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 269        end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 270
 271        /*
 272         * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
 273         * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
 274         * the early code in head_32.S
 275         *
 276         * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
 277         * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
 278         *
 279         * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
 280         *
 281         *     "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
 282         *      that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
 283         *      and either the page frame or attributes."
 284         */
 285        mapping_iter = 1;
 286
 287        if (!cpu_has_pse)
 288                use_pse = 0;
 289
 290repeat:
 291        pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
 292        pfn = start_pfn;
 293        pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 294        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 295        for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 296                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 297
 298                if (pfn >= end_pfn)
 299                        continue;
 300#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 301                pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 302                pmd += pmd_idx;
 303#else
 304                pmd_idx = 0;
 305#endif
 306                for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
 307                     pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 308                        unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
 309
 310                        /*
 311                         * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
 312                         * create normal page tables:
 313                         */
 314                        if (use_pse) {
 315                                unsigned int addr2;
 316                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
 317                                /*
 318                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 319                                 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
 320                                 */
 321                                pgprot_t init_prot =
 322                                        __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
 323                                                 _PAGE_PSE);
 324
 325                                pfn &= PMD_MASK >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 326                                addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
 327                                        PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
 328
 329                                if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
 330                                    is_kernel_text(addr2))
 331                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
 332
 333                                pages_2m++;
 334                                if (mapping_iter == 1)
 335                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
 336                                else
 337                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
 338
 339                                pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
 340                                continue;
 341                        }
 342                        pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
 343
 344                        pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 345                        pte += pte_ofs;
 346                        for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
 347                             pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 348                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 349                                /*
 350                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 351                                 * identity mapping attribute.
 352                                 */
 353                                pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
 354
 355                                if (is_kernel_text(addr))
 356                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
 357
 358                                pages_4k++;
 359                                if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 360                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
 361                                        last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
 362                                } else
 363                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
 364                        }
 365                }
 366        }
 367        if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 368                /*
 369                 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
 370                 * iteration.
 371                 */
 372                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
 373                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
 374
 375                /*
 376                 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
 377                 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
 378                 */
 379                __flush_tlb_all();
 380
 381                /*
 382                 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
 383                 */
 384                mapping_iter = 2;
 385                goto repeat;
 386        }
 387        return last_map_addr;
 388}
 389
 390pte_t *kmap_pte;
 391
 392static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 393{
 394        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
 395                        vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
 396}
 397
 398static void __init kmap_init(void)
 399{
 400        unsigned long kmap_vstart;
 401
 402        /*
 403         * Cache the first kmap pte:
 404         */
 405        kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
 406        kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
 407}
 408
 409#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 410static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 411{
 412        unsigned long vaddr;
 413        pgd_t *pgd;
 414        pud_t *pud;
 415        pmd_t *pmd;
 416        pte_t *pte;
 417
 418        vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
 419        page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
 420
 421        pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
 422        pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
 423        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
 424        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
 425        pkmap_page_table = pte;
 426}
 427
 428void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid,
 429                         unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
 430{
 431        phys_addr_t start, end;
 432        u64 i;
 433
 434        for_each_free_mem_range(i, nid, MEMBLOCK_NONE, &start, &end, NULL) {
 435                unsigned long pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_UP(start),
 436                                            start_pfn, end_pfn);
 437                unsigned long e_pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_DOWN(end),
 438                                              start_pfn, end_pfn);
 439                for ( ; pfn < e_pfn; pfn++)
 440                        if (pfn_valid(pfn))
 441                                free_highmem_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
 442        }
 443}
 444#else
 445static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 446{
 447}
 448#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 449
 450void __init native_pagetable_init(void)
 451{
 452        unsigned long pfn, va;
 453        pgd_t *pgd, *base = swapper_pg_dir;
 454        pud_t *pud;
 455        pmd_t *pmd;
 456        pte_t *pte;
 457
 458        /*
 459         * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
 460         * memory from the boot time page table.
 461         * In virtual address space, we should have at least two pages
 462         * from VMALLOC_END to pkmap or fixmap according to VMALLOC_END
 463         * definition. And max_low_pfn is set to VMALLOC_END physical
 464         * address. If initial memory mapping is doing right job, we
 465         * should have pte used near max_low_pfn or one pmd is not present.
 466         */
 467        for (pfn = max_low_pfn; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
 468                va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 469                pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
 470                if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
 471                        break;
 472
 473                pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
 474                pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
 475                if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
 476                        break;
 477
 478                /* should not be large page here */
 479                if (pmd_large(*pmd)) {
 480                        pr_warn("try to clear pte for ram above max_low_pfn: pfn: %lx pmd: %p pmd phys: %lx, but pmd is big page and is not using pte !\n",
 481                                pfn, pmd, __pa(pmd));
 482                        BUG_ON(1);
 483                }
 484
 485                pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
 486                if (!pte_present(*pte))
 487                        break;
 488
 489                printk(KERN_DEBUG "clearing pte for ram above max_low_pfn: pfn: %lx pmd: %p pmd phys: %lx pte: %p pte phys: %lx\n",
 490                                pfn, pmd, __pa(pmd), pte, __pa(pte));
 491                pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
 492        }
 493        paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 494        paging_init();
 495}
 496
 497/*
 498 * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings.  Up until this
 499 * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
 500 * the boot process.
 501 *
 502 * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
 503 * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S.  The root of the
 504 * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
 505 *
 506 * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
 507 * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
 508 * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir.  In any case,
 509 * paravirt_pagetable_init() will set up swapper_pg_dir
 510 * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
 511 *
 512 * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
 513 * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
 514 * mappings.
 515 */
 516void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
 517{
 518        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 519        unsigned long vaddr, end;
 520
 521        /*
 522         * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
 523         * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
 524         */
 525        vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 526        end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 527        page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
 528        early_ioremap_reset();
 529}
 530
 531static void __init pagetable_init(void)
 532{
 533        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 534
 535        permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
 536}
 537
 538pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL);
 539EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
 540
 541/* user-defined highmem size */
 542static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
 543
 544/*
 545 * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
 546 * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
 547 * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
 548 */
 549static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
 550{
 551        if (!arg)
 552                return -EINVAL;
 553
 554        highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 555        return 0;
 556}
 557early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
 558
 559#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
 560        "highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
 561
 562#define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 563        "highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
 564/*
 565 * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
 566 * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
 567 * it:
 568 */
 569static void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
 570{
 571        /* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
 572        max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
 573
 574        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 575                highmem_pages = 0;
 576#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 577        if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
 578                printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
 579                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
 580                highmem_pages = 0;
 581        }
 582        if (highmem_pages) {
 583                if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
 584                        printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 585                                pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 586                        highmem_pages = 0;
 587                }
 588                max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
 589        }
 590#else
 591        if (highmem_pages)
 592                printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
 593#endif
 594}
 595
 596#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 597        "only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
 598
 599#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
 600        "Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
 601/*
 602 * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
 603 * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
 604 */
 605static void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
 606{
 607        max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 608
 609        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 610                highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
 611
 612        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
 613                max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
 614
 615        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
 616                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 617                        pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
 618                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 619                highmem_pages = 0;
 620        }
 621#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 622        /* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
 623        printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
 624        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
 625                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
 626        else
 627                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
 628        max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 629#else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 630#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
 631        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
 632                max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
 633                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
 634        }
 635#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
 636#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 637}
 638
 639/*
 640 * Determine low and high memory ranges:
 641 */
 642void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
 643{
 644        /* it could update max_pfn */
 645
 646        if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
 647                lowmem_pfn_init();
 648        else
 649                highmem_pfn_init();
 650}
 651
 652#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 653void __init initmem_init(void)
 654{
 655#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 656        highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
 657        if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 658                highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 659        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
 660                pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
 661        high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 662#else
 663        high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 664#endif
 665
 666        memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t)ULLONG_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
 667        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
 668
 669#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 670        max_mapnr = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) ? highend_pfn : max_low_pfn;
 671#endif
 672        __vmalloc_start_set = true;
 673
 674        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
 675                        pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
 676
 677        setup_bootmem_allocator();
 678}
 679#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 680
 681void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
 682{
 683        printk(KERN_INFO "  mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
 684                 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 685        printk(KERN_INFO "  low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 686}
 687
 688/*
 689 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
 690 * already mapped by head.S.
 691 *
 692 * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
 693 * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
 694 */
 695void __init paging_init(void)
 696{
 697        pagetable_init();
 698
 699        __flush_tlb_all();
 700
 701        kmap_init();
 702
 703        /*
 704         * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
 705         */
 706        olpc_dt_build_devicetree();
 707        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES);
 708        sparse_init();
 709        zone_sizes_init();
 710}
 711
 712/*
 713 * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
 714 * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
 715 * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
 716 * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
 717 */
 718static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
 719{
 720        printk(KERN_INFO
 721  "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
 722
 723        /* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
 724        __set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
 725        boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
 726        clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
 727
 728        if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
 729                printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
 730                panic("Linux doesn't support CPUs with broken WP.");
 731        } else {
 732                printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
 733        }
 734}
 735
 736void __init mem_init(void)
 737{
 738        pci_iommu_alloc();
 739
 740#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 741        BUG_ON(!mem_map);
 742#endif
 743        /*
 744         * With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC initialization of highmem pages has to
 745         * be done before free_all_bootmem(). Memblock use free low memory for
 746         * temporary data (see find_range_array()) and for this purpose can use
 747         * pages that was already passed to the buddy allocator, hence marked as
 748         * not accessible in the page tables when compiled with
 749         * CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC. Otherwise order of initialization is not
 750         * important here.
 751         */
 752        set_highmem_pages_init();
 753
 754        /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
 755        free_all_bootmem();
 756
 757        after_bootmem = 1;
 758
 759        mem_init_print_info(NULL);
 760        printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
 761                "    fixmap  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 762#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 763                "    pkmap   : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 764#endif
 765                "    vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 766                "    lowmem  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 767                "      .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 768                "      .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 769                "      .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n",
 770                FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
 771                (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
 772
 773#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 774                PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
 775                (LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
 776#endif
 777
 778                VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
 779                (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
 780
 781                (unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
 782                ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
 783
 784                (unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
 785                ((unsigned long)&__init_end -
 786                 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
 787
 788                (unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
 789                ((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
 790
 791                (unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
 792                ((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
 793
 794        /*
 795         * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
 796         * be detected at build time already.
 797         */
 798#define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
 799#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 800        BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE  > FIXADDR_START);
 801        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                        > PKMAP_BASE);
 802#endif
 803#define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
 804        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                      >= VMALLOC_END);
 805#undef high_memory
 806#undef __FIXADDR_TOP
 807#ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE
 808        BUILD_BUG_ON(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE_MAX_OFFSET > KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE);
 809#endif
 810
 811#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 812        BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE        > FIXADDR_START);
 813        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                              > PKMAP_BASE);
 814#endif
 815        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                            >= VMALLOC_END);
 816        BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory               > VMALLOC_START);
 817
 818        if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
 819                test_wp_bit();
 820}
 821
 822#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 823int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 824{
 825        struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
 826        struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones +
 827                zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, ZONE_HIGHMEM, for_device);
 828        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 829        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 830
 831        return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 832}
 833
 834#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
 835int arch_remove_memory(u64 start, u64 size)
 836{
 837        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 838        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 839        struct zone *zone;
 840
 841        zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn));
 842        return __remove_pages(zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 843}
 844#endif
 845#endif
 846
 847/*
 848 * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
 849 * section.  Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
 850 */
 851static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
 852{
 853        char tmp_reg;
 854        int flag;
 855
 856        __asm__ __volatile__(
 857                "       movb %0, %1     \n"
 858                "1:     movb %1, %0     \n"
 859                "       xorl %2, %2     \n"
 860                "2:                     \n"
 861                _ASM_EXTABLE(1b,2b)
 862                :"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
 863                 "=q" (tmp_reg),
 864                 "=r" (flag)
 865                :"2" (1)
 866                :"memory");
 867
 868        return flag;
 869}
 870
 871const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
 872EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
 873
 874int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
 875
 876void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
 877{
 878        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 879        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 880
 881        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 882                return;
 883
 884        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
 885                 start, start+size);
 886
 887        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 888}
 889
 890void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
 891{
 892        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 893        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 894
 895        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 896                return;
 897
 898        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
 899                 start, start+size);
 900
 901        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 902}
 903
 904static void mark_nxdata_nx(void)
 905{
 906        /*
 907         * When this called, init has already been executed and released,
 908         * so everything past _etext should be NX.
 909         */
 910        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_etext);
 911        /*
 912         * This comes from is_kernel_text upper limit. Also HPAGE where used:
 913         */
 914        unsigned long size = (((unsigned long)__init_end + HPAGE_SIZE) & HPAGE_MASK) - start;
 915
 916        if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 917                printk(KERN_INFO "NX-protecting the kernel data: %luk\n", size >> 10);
 918        set_pages_nx(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 919}
 920
 921void mark_rodata_ro(void)
 922{
 923        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 924        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 925
 926        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 927        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
 928                size >> 10);
 929
 930        kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
 931
 932#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 933        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
 934                start, start+size);
 935        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 936
 937        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 938        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 939#endif
 940
 941        start += size;
 942        size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
 943        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 944        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
 945                size >> 10);
 946        rodata_test();
 947
 948#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 949        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
 950        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 951
 952        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 953        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 954#endif
 955        mark_nxdata_nx();
 956        if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 957                debug_checkwx();
 958}
 959