/*
 *  Floating proportions with flexible aging period
 *
 *   Copyright (C) 2011, SUSE, Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
 *
 * The goal of this code is: Given different types of event, measure proportion
 * of each type of event over time. The proportions are measured with
 * exponentially decaying history to give smooth transitions. A formula
 * expressing proportion of event of type 'j' is:
 *
 *   p_{j} = (\Sum_{i>=0} x_{i,j}/2^{i+1})/(\Sum_{i>=0} x_i/2^{i+1})
 *
 * Where x_{i,j} is j's number of events in i-th last time period and x_i is
 * total number of events in i-th last time period.
 *
 * Note that p_{j}'s are normalised, i.e.
 *
 *   \Sum_{j} p_{j} = 1,
 *
 * This formula can be straightforwardly computed by maintaining denominator
 * (let's call it 'd') and for each event type its numerator (let's call it
 * 'n_j'). When an event of type 'j' happens, we simply need to do:
 *   n_j++; d++;
 *
 * When a new period is declared, we could do:
 *   d /= 2
 *   for each j
 *     n_j /= 2
 *
 * To avoid iteration over all event types, we instead shift numerator of event
 * j lazily when someone asks for a proportion of event j or when event j
 * occurs. This can bit trivially implemented by remembering last period in
 * which something happened with proportion of type j.
 */
#include <linux/flex_proportions.h>

int fprop_global_init(struct fprop_global *p, gfp_t gfp)
{
        int err;

        p->period = 0;
        /* Use 1 to avoid dealing with periods with 0 events... */
        err = percpu_counter_init(&p->events, 1, gfp);
        if (err)
                return err;
        seqcount_init(&p->sequence);
        return 0;
}

void fprop_global_destroy(struct fprop_global *p)
{
        percpu_counter_destroy(&p->events);
}

/*
 * Declare @periods new periods. It is upto the caller to make sure period
 * transitions cannot happen in parallel.
 *
 * The function returns true if the proportions are still defined and false
 * if aging zeroed out all events. This can be used to detect whether declaring
 * further periods has any effect.
 */
bool fprop_new_period(struct fprop_global *p, int periods)
{
        s64 events;
        unsigned long flags;

        local_irq_save(flags);
        events = percpu_counter_sum(&p->events);
        /*
         * Don't do anything if there are no events.
         */
        if (events <= 1) {
                local_irq_restore(flags);
                return false;
        }
        write_seqcount_begin(&p->sequence);
        if (periods < 64)
                events -= events >> periods;
        /* Use addition to avoid losing events happening between sum and set */
        percpu_counter_add(&p->events, -events);
        p->period += periods;
        write_seqcount_end(&p->sequence);
        local_irq_restore(flags);

        return true;
}

/*
 * ---- SINGLE ----
 */

int fprop_local_init_single(struct fprop_local_single *pl)
{
        pl->events = 0;
        pl->period = 0;
        raw_spin_lock_init(&pl->lock);
        return 0;
}

void fprop_local_destroy_single(struct fprop_local_single *pl)
{
}

static void fprop_reflect_period_single(struct fprop_global *p,
                                        struct fprop_local_single *pl)
{
        unsigned int period = p->period;
        unsigned long flags;

        /* Fast path - period didn't change */
        if (pl->period == period)
                return;
        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&pl->lock, flags);
        /* Someone updated pl->period while we were spinning? */
        if (pl->period >= period) {
                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pl->lock, flags);
                return;
        }
        /* Aging zeroed our fraction? */
        if (period - pl->period < BITS_PER_LONG)
                pl->events >>= period - pl->period;
        else
                pl->events = 0;
        pl->period = period;
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pl->lock, flags);
}

/* Event of type pl happened */
void __fprop_inc_single(struct fprop_global *p, struct fprop_local_single *pl)
{
        fprop_reflect_period_single(p, pl);
        pl->events++;
        percpu_counter_add(&p->events, 1);
}

/* Return fraction of events of type pl */
void fprop_fraction_single(struct fprop_global *p,
                           struct fprop_local_single *pl,
                           unsigned long *numerator, unsigned long *denominator)
{
        unsigned int seq;
        s64 num, den;

        do {
                seq = read_seqcount_begin(&p->sequence);
                fprop_reflect_period_single(p, pl);
                num = pl->events;
                den = percpu_counter_read_positive(&p->events);
        } while (read_seqcount_retry(&p->sequence, seq));

        /*
         * Make fraction <= 1 and denominator > 0 even in presence of percpu
         * counter errors
         */
        if (den <= num) {
                if (num)
                        den = num;
                else
                        den = 1;
        }
        *denominator = den;
        *numerator = num;
}

/*
 * ---- PERCPU ----
 */
#define PROP_BATCH (8*(1+ilog2(nr_cpu_ids)))

int fprop_local_init_percpu(struct fprop_local_percpu *pl, gfp_t gfp)
{
        int err;

        err = percpu_counter_init(&pl->events, 0, gfp);
        if (err)
                return err;
        pl->period = 0;
        raw_spin_lock_init(&pl->lock);
        return 0;
}

void fprop_local_destroy_percpu(struct fprop_local_percpu *pl)
{
        percpu_counter_destroy(&pl->events);
}

static void fprop_reflect_period_percpu(struct fprop_global *p,
                                        struct fprop_local_percpu *pl)
{
        unsigned int period = p->period;
        unsigned long flags;

        /* Fast path - period didn't change */
        if (pl->period == period)
                return;
        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&pl->lock, flags);
        /* Someone updated pl->period while we were spinning? */
        if (pl->period >= period) {
                raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pl->lock, flags);
                return;
        }
        /* Aging zeroed our fraction? */
        if (period - pl->period < BITS_PER_LONG) {
                s64 val = percpu_counter_read(&pl->events);

                if (val < (nr_cpu_ids * PROP_BATCH))
                        val = percpu_counter_sum(&pl->events);

                __percpu_counter_add(&pl->events,
                        -val + (val >> (period-pl->period)), PROP_BATCH);
        } else
                percpu_counter_set(&pl->events, 0);
        pl->period = period;
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pl->lock, flags);
}

/* Event of type pl happened */
void __fprop_inc_percpu(struct fprop_global *p, struct fprop_local_percpu *pl)
{
        fprop_reflect_period_percpu(p, pl);
        __percpu_counter_add(&pl->events, 1, PROP_BATCH);
        percpu_counter_add(&p->events, 1);
}

void fprop_fraction_percpu(struct fprop_global *p,
                           struct fprop_local_percpu *pl,
                           unsigned long *numerator, unsigned long *denominator)
{
        unsigned int seq;
        s64 num, den;

        do {
                seq = read_seqcount_begin(&p->sequence);
                fprop_reflect_period_percpu(p, pl);
                num = percpu_counter_read_positive(&pl->events);
                den = percpu_counter_read_positive(&p->events);
        } while (read_seqcount_retry(&p->sequence, seq));

        /*
         * Make fraction <= 1 and denominator > 0 even in presence of percpu
         * counter errors
         */
        if (den <= num) {
                if (num)
                        den = num;
                else
                        den = 1;
        }
        *denominator = den;
        *numerator = num;
}

/*
 * Like __fprop_inc_percpu() except that event is counted only if the given
 * type has fraction smaller than @max_frac/FPROP_FRAC_BASE
 */
void __fprop_inc_percpu_max(struct fprop_global *p,
                            struct fprop_local_percpu *pl, int max_frac)
{
        if (unlikely(max_frac < FPROP_FRAC_BASE)) {
                unsigned long numerator, denominator;

                fprop_fraction_percpu(p, pl, &numerator, &denominator);
                if (numerator >
                    (((u64)denominator) * max_frac) >> FPROP_FRAC_SHIFT)
                        return;
        } else
                fprop_reflect_period_percpu(p, pl);
        __percpu_counter_add(&pl->events, 1, PROP_BATCH);
        percpu_counter_add(&p->events, 1);
}