/*
 * This only handles 32bit MTRR on 32bit hosts. This is strictly wrong
 * because MTRRs can span up to 40 bits (36bits on most modern x86)
 */
#define DEBUG

#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>

#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/mtrr.h>
#include <asm/msr.h>
#include <asm/pat.h>

#include "mtrr.h"

struct fixed_range_block {
        int base_msr;           /* start address of an MTRR block */
        int ranges;             /* number of MTRRs in this block  */
};

static struct fixed_range_block fixed_range_blocks[] = {
        { MSR_MTRRfix64K_00000, 1 }, /* one   64k MTRR  */
        { MSR_MTRRfix16K_80000, 2 }, /* two   16k MTRRs */
        { MSR_MTRRfix4K_C0000,  8 }, /* eight  4k MTRRs */
        {}
};

static unsigned long smp_changes_mask;
static int mtrr_state_set;
u64 mtrr_tom2;

struct mtrr_state_type mtrr_state;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mtrr_state);

/*
 * BIOS is expected to clear MtrrFixDramModEn bit, see for example
 * "BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide for the AMD Athlon 64 and AMD
 * Opteron Processors" (26094 Rev. 3.30 February 2006), section
 * "13.2.1.2 SYSCFG Register": "The MtrrFixDramModEn bit should be set
 * to 1 during BIOS initialization of the fixed MTRRs, then cleared to
 * 0 for operation."
 */
static inline void k8_check_syscfg_dram_mod_en(void)
{
        u32 lo, hi;

        if (!((boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD) &&
              (boot_cpu_data.x86 >= 0x0f)))
                return;

        rdmsr(MSR_K8_SYSCFG, lo, hi);
        if (lo & K8_MTRRFIXRANGE_DRAM_MODIFY) {
                pr_err(FW_WARN "MTRR: CPU %u: SYSCFG[MtrrFixDramModEn]"
                       " not cleared by BIOS, clearing this bit\n",
                       smp_processor_id());
                lo &= ~K8_MTRRFIXRANGE_DRAM_MODIFY;
                mtrr_wrmsr(MSR_K8_SYSCFG, lo, hi);
        }
}

/* Get the size of contiguous MTRR range */
static u64 get_mtrr_size(u64 mask)
{
        u64 size;

        mask >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
        mask |= size_or_mask;
        size = -mask;
        size <<= PAGE_SHIFT;
        return size;
}

/*
 * Check and return the effective type for MTRR-MTRR type overlap.
 * Returns 1 if the effective type is UNCACHEABLE, else returns 0
 */
static int check_type_overlap(u8 *prev, u8 *curr)
{
        if (*prev == MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHABLE || *curr == MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHABLE) {
                *prev = MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHABLE;
                *curr = MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHABLE;
                return 1;
        }

        if ((*prev == MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK && *curr == MTRR_TYPE_WRTHROUGH) ||
            (*prev == MTRR_TYPE_WRTHROUGH && *curr == MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK)) {
                *prev = MTRR_TYPE_WRTHROUGH;
                *curr = MTRR_TYPE_WRTHROUGH;
        }

        if (*prev != *curr) {
                *prev = MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHABLE;
                *curr = MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHABLE;
                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

/**
 * mtrr_type_lookup_fixed - look up memory type in MTRR fixed entries
 *
 * Return the MTRR fixed memory type of 'start'.
 *
 * MTRR fixed entries are divided into the following ways:
 *  0x00000 - 0x7FFFF : This range is divided into eight 64KB sub-ranges
 *  0x80000 - 0xBFFFF : This range is divided into sixteen 16KB sub-ranges
 *  0xC0000 - 0xFFFFF : This range is divided into sixty-four 4KB sub-ranges
 *
 * Return Values:
 * MTRR_TYPE_(type)  - Matched memory type
 * MTRR_TYPE_INVALID - Unmatched
 */
static u8 mtrr_type_lookup_fixed(u64 start, u64 end)
{
        int idx;

        if (start >= 0x100000)
                return MTRR_TYPE_INVALID;

        /* 0x0 - 0x7FFFF */
        if (start < 0x80000) {
                idx = 0;
                idx += (start >> 16);
                return mtrr_state.fixed_ranges[idx];
        /* 0x80000 - 0xBFFFF */
        } else if (start < 0xC0000) {
                idx = 1 * 8;
                idx += ((start - 0x80000) >> 14);
                return mtrr_state.fixed_ranges[idx];
        }

        /* 0xC0000 - 0xFFFFF */
        idx = 3 * 8;
        idx += ((start - 0xC0000) >> 12);
        return mtrr_state.fixed_ranges[idx];
}

/**
 * mtrr_type_lookup_variable - look up memory type in MTRR variable entries
 *
 * Return Value:
 * MTRR_TYPE_(type) - Matched memory type or default memory type (unmatched)
 *
 * Output Arguments:
 * repeat - Set to 1 when [start:end] spanned across MTRR range and type
 *          returned corresponds only to [start:*partial_end].  Caller has
 *          to lookup again for [*partial_end:end].
 *
 * uniform - Set to 1 when an MTRR covers the region uniformly, i.e. the
 *           region is fully covered by a single MTRR entry or the default
 *           type.
 */
static u8 mtrr_type_lookup_variable(u64 start, u64 end, u64 *partial_end,
                                    int *repeat, u8 *uniform)
{
        int i;
        u64 base, mask;
        u8 prev_match, curr_match;

        *repeat = 0;
        *uniform = 1;

        /* Make end inclusive instead of exclusive */
        end--;

        prev_match = MTRR_TYPE_INVALID;
        for (i = 0; i < num_var_ranges; ++i) {
                unsigned short start_state, end_state, inclusive;

                if (!(mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].mask_lo & (1 << 11)))
                        continue;

                base = (((u64)mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].base_hi) << 32) +
                       (mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].base_lo & PAGE_MASK);
                mask = (((u64)mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].mask_hi) << 32) +
                       (mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].mask_lo & PAGE_MASK);

                start_state = ((start & mask) == (base & mask));
                end_state = ((end & mask) == (base & mask));
                inclusive = ((start < base) && (end > base));

                if ((start_state != end_state) || inclusive) {
                        /*
                         * We have start:end spanning across an MTRR.
                         * We split the region into either
                         *
                         * - start_state:1
                         * (start:mtrr_end)(mtrr_end:end)
                         * - end_state:1
                         * (start:mtrr_start)(mtrr_start:end)
                         * - inclusive:1
                         * (start:mtrr_start)(mtrr_start:mtrr_end)(mtrr_end:end)
                         *
                         * depending on kind of overlap.
                         *
                         * Return the type of the first region and a pointer
                         * to the start of next region so that caller will be
                         * advised to lookup again after having adjusted start
                         * and end.
                         *
                         * Note: This way we handle overlaps with multiple
                         * entries and the default type properly.
                         */
                        if (start_state)
                                *partial_end = base + get_mtrr_size(mask);
                        else
                                *partial_end = base;

                        if (unlikely(*partial_end <= start)) {
                                WARN_ON(1);
                                *partial_end = start + PAGE_SIZE;
                        }

                        end = *partial_end - 1; /* end is inclusive */
                        *repeat = 1;
                        *uniform = 0;
                }

                if ((start & mask) != (base & mask))
                        continue;

                curr_match = mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].base_lo & 0xff;
                if (prev_match == MTRR_TYPE_INVALID) {
                        prev_match = curr_match;
                        continue;
                }

                *uniform = 0;
                if (check_type_overlap(&prev_match, &curr_match))
                        return curr_match;
        }

        if (prev_match != MTRR_TYPE_INVALID)
                return prev_match;

        return mtrr_state.def_type;
}

/**
 * mtrr_type_lookup - look up memory type in MTRR
 *
 * Return Values:
 * MTRR_TYPE_(type)  - The effective MTRR type for the region
 * MTRR_TYPE_INVALID - MTRR is disabled
 *
 * Output Argument:
 * uniform - Set to 1 when an MTRR covers the region uniformly, i.e. the
 *           region is fully covered by a single MTRR entry or the default
 *           type.
 */
u8 mtrr_type_lookup(u64 start, u64 end, u8 *uniform)
{
        u8 type, prev_type, is_uniform = 1, dummy;
        int repeat;
        u64 partial_end;

        if (!mtrr_state_set)
                return MTRR_TYPE_INVALID;

        if (!(mtrr_state.enabled & MTRR_STATE_MTRR_ENABLED))
                return MTRR_TYPE_INVALID;

        /*
         * Look up the fixed ranges first, which take priority over
         * the variable ranges.
         */
        if ((start < 0x100000) &&
            (mtrr_state.have_fixed) &&
            (mtrr_state.enabled & MTRR_STATE_MTRR_FIXED_ENABLED)) {
                is_uniform = 0;
                type = mtrr_type_lookup_fixed(start, end);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * Look up the variable ranges.  Look of multiple ranges matching
         * this address and pick type as per MTRR precedence.
         */
        type = mtrr_type_lookup_variable(start, end, &partial_end,
                                         &repeat, &is_uniform);

        /*
         * Common path is with repeat = 0.
         * However, we can have cases where [start:end] spans across some
         * MTRR ranges and/or the default type.  Do repeated lookups for
         * that case here.
         */
        while (repeat) {
                prev_type = type;
                start = partial_end;
                is_uniform = 0;
                type = mtrr_type_lookup_variable(start, end, &partial_end,
                                                 &repeat, &dummy);

                if (check_type_overlap(&prev_type, &type))
                        goto out;
        }

        if (mtrr_tom2 && (start >= (1ULL<<32)) && (end < mtrr_tom2))
                type = MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK;

out:
        *uniform = is_uniform;
        return type;
}

/* Get the MSR pair relating to a var range */
static void
get_mtrr_var_range(unsigned int index, struct mtrr_var_range *vr)
{
        rdmsr(MTRRphysBase_MSR(index), vr->base_lo, vr->base_hi);
        rdmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(index), vr->mask_lo, vr->mask_hi);
}

/* Fill the MSR pair relating to a var range */
void fill_mtrr_var_range(unsigned int index,
                u32 base_lo, u32 base_hi, u32 mask_lo, u32 mask_hi)
{
        struct mtrr_var_range *vr;

        vr = mtrr_state.var_ranges;

        vr[index].base_lo = base_lo;
        vr[index].base_hi = base_hi;
        vr[index].mask_lo = mask_lo;
        vr[index].mask_hi = mask_hi;
}

static void get_fixed_ranges(mtrr_type *frs)
{
        unsigned int *p = (unsigned int *)frs;
        int i;

        k8_check_syscfg_dram_mod_en();

        rdmsr(MSR_MTRRfix64K_00000, p[0], p[1]);

        for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
                rdmsr(MSR_MTRRfix16K_80000 + i, p[2 + i * 2], p[3 + i * 2]);
        for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                rdmsr(MSR_MTRRfix4K_C0000 + i, p[6 + i * 2], p[7 + i * 2]);
}

void mtrr_save_fixed_ranges(void *info)
{
        if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_MTRR))
                get_fixed_ranges(mtrr_state.fixed_ranges);
}

static unsigned __initdata last_fixed_start;
static unsigned __initdata last_fixed_end;
static mtrr_type __initdata last_fixed_type;

static void __init print_fixed_last(void)
{
        if (!last_fixed_end)
                return;

        pr_debug("  %05X-%05X %s\n", last_fixed_start,
                 last_fixed_end - 1, mtrr_attrib_to_str(last_fixed_type));

        last_fixed_end = 0;
}

static void __init update_fixed_last(unsigned base, unsigned end,
                                     mtrr_type type)
{
        last_fixed_start = base;
        last_fixed_end = end;
        last_fixed_type = type;
}

static void __init
print_fixed(unsigned base, unsigned step, const mtrr_type *types)
{
        unsigned i;

        for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i, ++types, base += step) {
                if (last_fixed_end == 0) {
                        update_fixed_last(base, base + step, *types);
                        continue;
                }
                if (last_fixed_end == base && last_fixed_type == *types) {
                        last_fixed_end = base + step;
                        continue;
                }
                /* new segments: gap or different type */
                print_fixed_last();
                update_fixed_last(base, base + step, *types);
        }
}

static void prepare_set(void);
static void post_set(void);

static void __init print_mtrr_state(void)
{
        unsigned int i;
        int high_width;

        pr_debug("MTRR default type: %s\n",
                 mtrr_attrib_to_str(mtrr_state.def_type));
        if (mtrr_state.have_fixed) {
                pr_debug("MTRR fixed ranges %sabled:\n",
                        ((mtrr_state.enabled & MTRR_STATE_MTRR_ENABLED) &&
                         (mtrr_state.enabled & MTRR_STATE_MTRR_FIXED_ENABLED)) ?
                         "en" : "dis");
                print_fixed(0x00000, 0x10000, mtrr_state.fixed_ranges + 0);
                for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
                        print_fixed(0x80000 + i * 0x20000, 0x04000,
                                    mtrr_state.fixed_ranges + (i + 1) * 8);
                for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
                        print_fixed(0xC0000 + i * 0x08000, 0x01000,
                                    mtrr_state.fixed_ranges + (i + 3) * 8);

                /* tail */
                print_fixed_last();
        }
        pr_debug("MTRR variable ranges %sabled:\n",
                 mtrr_state.enabled & MTRR_STATE_MTRR_ENABLED ? "en" : "dis");
        high_width = (__ffs64(size_or_mask) - (32 - PAGE_SHIFT) + 3) / 4;

        for (i = 0; i < num_var_ranges; ++i) {
                if (mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].mask_lo & (1 << 11))
                        pr_debug("  %u base %0*X%05X000 mask %0*X%05X000 %s\n",
                                 i,
                                 high_width,
                                 mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].base_hi,
                                 mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].base_lo >> 12,
                                 high_width,
                                 mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].mask_hi,
                                 mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].mask_lo >> 12,
                                 mtrr_attrib_to_str(mtrr_state.var_ranges[i].base_lo & 0xff));
                else
                        pr_debug("  %u disabled\n", i);
        }
        if (mtrr_tom2)
                pr_debug("TOM2: %016llx aka %lldM\n", mtrr_tom2, mtrr_tom2>>20);
}

/* PAT setup for BP. We need to go through sync steps here */
void __init mtrr_bp_pat_init(void)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        local_irq_save(flags);
        prepare_set();

        pat_init();

        post_set();
        local_irq_restore(flags);
}

/* Grab all of the MTRR state for this CPU into *state */
bool __init get_mtrr_state(void)
{
        struct mtrr_var_range *vrs;
        unsigned lo, dummy;
        unsigned int i;

        vrs = mtrr_state.var_ranges;

        rdmsr(MSR_MTRRcap, lo, dummy);
        mtrr_state.have_fixed = (lo >> 8) & 1;

        for (i = 0; i < num_var_ranges; i++)
                get_mtrr_var_range(i, &vrs[i]);
        if (mtrr_state.have_fixed)
                get_fixed_ranges(mtrr_state.fixed_ranges);

        rdmsr(MSR_MTRRdefType, lo, dummy);
        mtrr_state.def_type = (lo & 0xff);
        mtrr_state.enabled = (lo & 0xc00) >> 10;

        if (amd_special_default_mtrr()) {
                unsigned low, high;

                /* TOP_MEM2 */
                rdmsr(MSR_K8_TOP_MEM2, low, high);
                mtrr_tom2 = high;
                mtrr_tom2 <<= 32;
                mtrr_tom2 |= low;
                mtrr_tom2 &= 0xffffff800000ULL;
        }

        print_mtrr_state();

        mtrr_state_set = 1;

        return !!(mtrr_state.enabled & MTRR_STATE_MTRR_ENABLED);
}

/* Some BIOS's are messed up and don't set all MTRRs the same! */
void __init mtrr_state_warn(void)
{
        unsigned long mask = smp_changes_mask;

        if (!mask)
                return;
        if (mask & MTRR_CHANGE_MASK_FIXED)
                pr_warn("mtrr: your CPUs had inconsistent fixed MTRR settings\n");
        if (mask & MTRR_CHANGE_MASK_VARIABLE)
                pr_warn("mtrr: your CPUs had inconsistent variable MTRR settings\n");
        if (mask & MTRR_CHANGE_MASK_DEFTYPE)
                pr_warn("mtrr: your CPUs had inconsistent MTRRdefType settings\n");

        pr_info("mtrr: probably your BIOS does not setup all CPUs.\n");
        pr_info("mtrr: corrected configuration.\n");
}

/*
 * Doesn't attempt to pass an error out to MTRR users
 * because it's quite complicated in some cases and probably not
 * worth it because the best error handling is to ignore it.
 */
void mtrr_wrmsr(unsigned msr, unsigned a, unsigned b)
{
        if (wrmsr_safe(msr, a, b) < 0) {
                pr_err("MTRR: CPU %u: Writing MSR %x to %x:%x failed\n",
                        smp_processor_id(), msr, a, b);
        }
}

/**
 * set_fixed_range - checks & updates a fixed-range MTRR if it
 *                   differs from the value it should have
 * @msr: MSR address of the MTTR which should be checked and updated
 * @changed: pointer which indicates whether the MTRR needed to be changed
 * @msrwords: pointer to the MSR values which the MSR should have
 */
static void set_fixed_range(int msr, bool *changed, unsigned int *msrwords)
{
        unsigned lo, hi;

        rdmsr(msr, lo, hi);

        if (lo != msrwords[0] || hi != msrwords[1]) {
                mtrr_wrmsr(msr, msrwords[0], msrwords[1]);
                *changed = true;
        }
}

/**
 * generic_get_free_region - Get a free MTRR.
 * @base: The starting (base) address of the region.
 * @size: The size (in bytes) of the region.
 * @replace_reg: mtrr index to be replaced; set to invalid value if none.
 *
 * Returns: The index of the region on success, else negative on error.
 */
int
generic_get_free_region(unsigned long base, unsigned long size, int replace_reg)
{
        unsigned long lbase, lsize;
        mtrr_type ltype;
        int i, max;

        max = num_var_ranges;
        if (replace_reg >= 0 && replace_reg < max)
                return replace_reg;

        for (i = 0; i < max; ++i) {
                mtrr_if->get(i, &lbase, &lsize, &ltype);
                if (lsize == 0)
                        return i;
        }

        return -ENOSPC;
}

static void generic_get_mtrr(unsigned int reg, unsigned long *base,
                             unsigned long *size, mtrr_type *type)
{
        u32 mask_lo, mask_hi, base_lo, base_hi;
        unsigned int hi;
        u64 tmp, mask;

        /*
         * get_mtrr doesn't need to update mtrr_state, also it could be called
         * from any cpu, so try to print it out directly.
         */
        get_cpu();

        rdmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(reg), mask_lo, mask_hi);

        if ((mask_lo & 0x800) == 0) {
                /*  Invalid (i.e. free) range */
                *base = 0;
                *size = 0;
                *type = 0;
                goto out_put_cpu;
        }

        rdmsr(MTRRphysBase_MSR(reg), base_lo, base_hi);

        /* Work out the shifted address mask: */
        tmp = (u64)mask_hi << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT) | mask_lo >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        mask = size_or_mask | tmp;

        /* Expand tmp with high bits to all 1s: */
        hi = fls64(tmp);
        if (hi > 0) {
                tmp |= ~((1ULL<<(hi - 1)) - 1);

                if (tmp != mask) {
                        pr_warn("mtrr: your BIOS has configured an incorrect mask, fixing it.\n");
                        add_taint(TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
                        mask = tmp;
                }
        }

        /*
         * This works correctly if size is a power of two, i.e. a
         * contiguous range:
         */
        *size = -mask;
        *base = (u64)base_hi << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT) | base_lo >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        *type = base_lo & 0xff;

out_put_cpu:
        put_cpu();
}

/**
 * set_fixed_ranges - checks & updates the fixed-range MTRRs if they
 *                    differ from the saved set
 * @frs: pointer to fixed-range MTRR values, saved by get_fixed_ranges()
 */
static int set_fixed_ranges(mtrr_type *frs)
{
        unsigned long long *saved = (unsigned long long *)frs;
        bool changed = false;
        int block = -1, range;

        k8_check_syscfg_dram_mod_en();

        while (fixed_range_blocks[++block].ranges) {
                for (range = 0; range < fixed_range_blocks[block].ranges; range++)
                        set_fixed_range(fixed_range_blocks[block].base_msr + range,
                                        &changed, (unsigned int *)saved++);
        }

        return changed;
}

/*
 * Set the MSR pair relating to a var range.
 * Returns true if changes are made.
 */
static bool set_mtrr_var_ranges(unsigned int index, struct mtrr_var_range *vr)
{
        unsigned int lo, hi;
        bool changed = false;

        rdmsr(MTRRphysBase_MSR(index), lo, hi);
        if ((vr->base_lo & 0xfffff0ffUL) != (lo & 0xfffff0ffUL)
            || (vr->base_hi & (size_and_mask >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT))) !=
                (hi & (size_and_mask >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))) {

                mtrr_wrmsr(MTRRphysBase_MSR(index), vr->base_lo, vr->base_hi);
                changed = true;
        }

        rdmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(index), lo, hi);

        if ((vr->mask_lo & 0xfffff800UL) != (lo & 0xfffff800UL)
            || (vr->mask_hi & (size_and_mask >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT))) !=
                (hi & (size_and_mask >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))) {
                mtrr_wrmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(index), vr->mask_lo, vr->mask_hi);
                changed = true;
        }
        return changed;
}

static u32 deftype_lo, deftype_hi;

/**
 * set_mtrr_state - Set the MTRR state for this CPU.
 *
 * NOTE: The CPU must already be in a safe state for MTRR changes.
 * RETURNS: 0 if no changes made, else a mask indicating what was changed.
 */
static unsigned long set_mtrr_state(void)
{
        unsigned long change_mask = 0;
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < num_var_ranges; i++) {
                if (set_mtrr_var_ranges(i, &mtrr_state.var_ranges[i]))
                        change_mask |= MTRR_CHANGE_MASK_VARIABLE;
        }

        if (mtrr_state.have_fixed && set_fixed_ranges(mtrr_state.fixed_ranges))
                change_mask |= MTRR_CHANGE_MASK_FIXED;

        /*
         * Set_mtrr_restore restores the old value of MTRRdefType,
         * so to set it we fiddle with the saved value:
         */
        if ((deftype_lo & 0xff) != mtrr_state.def_type
            || ((deftype_lo & 0xc00) >> 10) != mtrr_state.enabled) {

                deftype_lo = (deftype_lo & ~0xcff) | mtrr_state.def_type |
                             (mtrr_state.enabled << 10);
                change_mask |= MTRR_CHANGE_MASK_DEFTYPE;
        }

        return change_mask;
}


static unsigned long cr4;
static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(set_atomicity_lock);

/*
 * Since we are disabling the cache don't allow any interrupts,
 * they would run extremely slow and would only increase the pain.
 *
 * The caller must ensure that local interrupts are disabled and
 * are reenabled after post_set() has been called.
 */
static void prepare_set(void) __acquires(set_atomicity_lock)
{
        unsigned long cr0;

        /*
         * Note that this is not ideal
         * since the cache is only flushed/disabled for this CPU while the
         * MTRRs are changed, but changing this requires more invasive
         * changes to the way the kernel boots
         */

        raw_spin_lock(&set_atomicity_lock);

        /* Enter the no-fill (CD=1, NW=0) cache mode and flush caches. */
        cr0 = read_cr0() | X86_CR0_CD;
        write_cr0(cr0);
        wbinvd();

        /* Save value of CR4 and clear Page Global Enable (bit 7) */
        if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PGE)) {
                cr4 = __read_cr4();
                __write_cr4(cr4 & ~X86_CR4_PGE);
        }

        /* Flush all TLBs via a mov %cr3, %reg; mov %reg, %cr3 */
        count_vm_tlb_event(NR_TLB_LOCAL_FLUSH_ALL);
        __flush_tlb();

        /* Save MTRR state */
        rdmsr(MSR_MTRRdefType, deftype_lo, deftype_hi);

        /* Disable MTRRs, and set the default type to uncached */
        mtrr_wrmsr(MSR_MTRRdefType, deftype_lo & ~0xcff, deftype_hi);
        wbinvd();
}

static void post_set(void) __releases(set_atomicity_lock)
{
        /* Flush TLBs (no need to flush caches - they are disabled) */
        count_vm_tlb_event(NR_TLB_LOCAL_FLUSH_ALL);
        __flush_tlb();

        /* Intel (P6) standard MTRRs */
        mtrr_wrmsr(MSR_MTRRdefType, deftype_lo, deftype_hi);

        /* Enable caches */
        write_cr0(read_cr0() & ~X86_CR0_CD);

        /* Restore value of CR4 */
        if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PGE))
                __write_cr4(cr4);
        raw_spin_unlock(&set_atomicity_lock);
}

static void generic_set_all(void)
{
        unsigned long mask, count;
        unsigned long flags;

        local_irq_save(flags);
        prepare_set();

        /* Actually set the state */
        mask = set_mtrr_state();

        /* also set PAT */
        pat_init();

        post_set();
        local_irq_restore(flags);

        /* Use the atomic bitops to update the global mask */
        for (count = 0; count < sizeof mask * 8; ++count) {
                if (mask & 0x01)
                        set_bit(count, &smp_changes_mask);
                mask >>= 1;
        }

}

/**
 * generic_set_mtrr - set variable MTRR register on the local CPU.
 *
 * @reg: The register to set.
 * @base: The base address of the region.
 * @size: The size of the region. If this is 0 the region is disabled.
 * @type: The type of the region.
 *
 * Returns nothing.
 */
static void generic_set_mtrr(unsigned int reg, unsigned long base,
                             unsigned long size, mtrr_type type)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct mtrr_var_range *vr;

        vr = &mtrr_state.var_ranges[reg];

        local_irq_save(flags);
        prepare_set();

        if (size == 0) {
                /*
                 * The invalid bit is kept in the mask, so we simply
                 * clear the relevant mask register to disable a range.
                 */
                mtrr_wrmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(reg), 0, 0);
                memset(vr, 0, sizeof(struct mtrr_var_range));
        } else {
                vr->base_lo = base << PAGE_SHIFT | type;
                vr->base_hi = (base & size_and_mask) >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT);
                vr->mask_lo = -size << PAGE_SHIFT | 0x800;
                vr->mask_hi = (-size & size_and_mask) >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT);

                mtrr_wrmsr(MTRRphysBase_MSR(reg), vr->base_lo, vr->base_hi);
                mtrr_wrmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(reg), vr->mask_lo, vr->mask_hi);
        }

        post_set();
        local_irq_restore(flags);
}

int generic_validate_add_page(unsigned long base, unsigned long size,
                              unsigned int type)
{
        unsigned long lbase, last;

        /*
         * For Intel PPro stepping <= 7
         * must be 4 MiB aligned and not touch 0x70000000 -> 0x7003FFFF
         */
        if (is_cpu(INTEL) && boot_cpu_data.x86 == 6 &&
            boot_cpu_data.x86_model == 1 &&
            boot_cpu_data.x86_mask <= 7) {
                if (base & ((1 << (22 - PAGE_SHIFT)) - 1)) {
                        pr_warn("mtrr: base(0x%lx000) is not 4 MiB aligned\n", base);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
                if (!(base + size < 0x70000 || base > 0x7003F) &&
                    (type == MTRR_TYPE_WRCOMB
                     || type == MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK)) {
                        pr_warn("mtrr: writable mtrr between 0x70000000 and 0x7003FFFF may hang the CPU.\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Check upper bits of base and last are equal and lower bits are 0
         * for base and 1 for last
         */
        last = base + size - 1;
        for (lbase = base; !(lbase & 1) && (last & 1);
             lbase = lbase >> 1, last = last >> 1)
                ;
        if (lbase != last) {
                pr_warn("mtrr: base(0x%lx000) is not aligned on a size(0x%lx000) boundary\n", base, size);
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int generic_have_wrcomb(void)
{
        unsigned long config, dummy;
        rdmsr(MSR_MTRRcap, config, dummy);
        return config & (1 << 10);
}

int positive_have_wrcomb(void)
{
        return 1;
}

/*
 * Generic structure...
 */
const struct mtrr_ops generic_mtrr_ops = {
        .use_intel_if           = 1,
        .set_all                = generic_set_all,
        .get                    = generic_get_mtrr,
        .get_free_region        = generic_get_free_region,
        .set                    = generic_set_mtrr,
        .validate_add_page      = generic_validate_add_page,
        .have_wrcomb            = generic_have_wrcomb,
};