linux/include/linux/compiler-gcc.h
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   1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
   2#ifndef __LINUX_COMPILER_H
   3#error "Please don't include <linux/compiler-gcc.h> directly, include <linux/compiler.h> instead."
   4#endif
   5
   6/*
   7 * Common definitions for all gcc versions go here.
   8 */
   9#define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 10000           \
  10                     + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100     \
  11                     + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
  12
  13/* Optimization barrier */
  14
  15/* The "volatile" is due to gcc bugs */
  16#define barrier() __asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory")
  17/*
  18 * This version is i.e. to prevent dead stores elimination on @ptr
  19 * where gcc and llvm may behave differently when otherwise using
  20 * normal barrier(): while gcc behavior gets along with a normal
  21 * barrier(), llvm needs an explicit input variable to be assumed
  22 * clobbered. The issue is as follows: while the inline asm might
  23 * access any memory it wants, the compiler could have fit all of
  24 * @ptr into memory registers instead, and since @ptr never escaped
  25 * from that, it proved that the inline asm wasn't touching any of
  26 * it. This version works well with both compilers, i.e. we're telling
  27 * the compiler that the inline asm absolutely may see the contents
  28 * of @ptr. See also: https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=15495
  29 */
  30#define barrier_data(ptr) __asm__ __volatile__("": :"r"(ptr) :"memory")
  31
  32/*
  33 * This macro obfuscates arithmetic on a variable address so that gcc
  34 * shouldn't recognize the original var, and make assumptions about it.
  35 *
  36 * This is needed because the C standard makes it undefined to do
  37 * pointer arithmetic on "objects" outside their boundaries and the
  38 * gcc optimizers assume this is the case. In particular they
  39 * assume such arithmetic does not wrap.
  40 *
  41 * A miscompilation has been observed because of this on PPC.
  42 * To work around it we hide the relationship of the pointer and the object
  43 * using this macro.
  44 *
  45 * Versions of the ppc64 compiler before 4.1 had a bug where use of
  46 * RELOC_HIDE could trash r30. The bug can be worked around by changing
  47 * the inline assembly constraint from =g to =r, in this particular
  48 * case either is valid.
  49 */
  50#define RELOC_HIDE(ptr, off)                                            \
  51({                                                                      \
  52        unsigned long __ptr;                                            \
  53        __asm__ ("" : "=r"(__ptr) : "0"(ptr));                          \
  54        (typeof(ptr)) (__ptr + (off));                                  \
  55})
  56
  57/* Make the optimizer believe the variable can be manipulated arbitrarily. */
  58#define OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR(var)                                         \
  59        __asm__ ("" : "=r" (var) : "0" (var))
  60
  61#ifdef __CHECKER__
  62#define __must_be_array(a)      0
  63#else
  64/* &a[0] degrades to a pointer: a different type from an array */
  65#define __must_be_array(a)      BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(__same_type((a), &(a)[0]))
  66#endif
  67
  68/*
  69 * Force always-inline if the user requests it so via the .config,
  70 * or if gcc is too old.
  71 * GCC does not warn about unused static inline functions for
  72 * -Wunused-function.  This turns out to avoid the need for complex #ifdef
  73 * directives.  Suppress the warning in clang as well by using "unused"
  74 * function attribute, which is redundant but not harmful for gcc.
  75 */
  76#if !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_OPTIMIZED_INLINING) ||                \
  77    !defined(CONFIG_OPTIMIZE_INLINING) || (__GNUC__ < 4)
  78#define inline inline           __attribute__((always_inline,unused)) notrace
  79#define __inline__ __inline__   __attribute__((always_inline,unused)) notrace
  80#define __inline __inline       __attribute__((always_inline,unused)) notrace
  81#else
  82/* A lot of inline functions can cause havoc with function tracing */
  83#define inline inline           __attribute__((unused)) notrace
  84#define __inline__ __inline__   __attribute__((unused)) notrace
  85#define __inline __inline       __attribute__((unused)) notrace
  86#endif
  87
  88#define __always_inline inline __attribute__((always_inline))
  89#define  noinline       __attribute__((noinline))
  90
  91#define __deprecated    __attribute__((deprecated))
  92#define __packed        __attribute__((packed))
  93#define __weak          __attribute__((weak))
  94#define __alias(symbol) __attribute__((alias(#symbol)))
  95
  96/*
  97 * it doesn't make sense on ARM (currently the only user of __naked)
  98 * to trace naked functions because then mcount is called without
  99 * stack and frame pointer being set up and there is no chance to
 100 * restore the lr register to the value before mcount was called.
 101 *
 102 * The asm() bodies of naked functions often depend on standard calling
 103 * conventions, therefore they must be noinline and noclone.
 104 *
 105 * GCC 4.[56] currently fail to enforce this, so we must do so ourselves.
 106 * See GCC PR44290.
 107 */
 108#define __naked         __attribute__((naked)) noinline __noclone notrace
 109
 110#define __noreturn      __attribute__((noreturn))
 111
 112/*
 113 * From the GCC manual:
 114 *
 115 * Many functions have no effects except the return value and their
 116 * return value depends only on the parameters and/or global
 117 * variables.  Such a function can be subject to common subexpression
 118 * elimination and loop optimization just as an arithmetic operator
 119 * would be.
 120 * [...]
 121 */
 122#define __pure                  __attribute__((pure))
 123#define __aligned(x)            __attribute__((aligned(x)))
 124#define __aligned_largest       __attribute__((aligned))
 125#define __printf(a, b)          __attribute__((format(printf, a, b)))
 126#define __scanf(a, b)           __attribute__((format(scanf, a, b)))
 127#define __attribute_const__     __attribute__((__const__))
 128#define __maybe_unused          __attribute__((unused))
 129#define __always_unused         __attribute__((unused))
 130#define __mode(x)               __attribute__((mode(x)))
 131
 132/* gcc version specific checks */
 133
 134#if GCC_VERSION < 30200
 135# error Sorry, your compiler is too old - please upgrade it.
 136#endif
 137
 138#if GCC_VERSION < 30300
 139# define __used                 __attribute__((__unused__))
 140#else
 141# define __used                 __attribute__((__used__))
 142#endif
 143
 144#ifdef CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL
 145# if GCC_VERSION < 30400
 146#   error "GCOV profiling support for gcc versions below 3.4 not included"
 147# endif /* __GNUC_MINOR__ */
 148#endif /* CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL */
 149
 150#if GCC_VERSION >= 30400
 151#define __must_check            __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
 152#define __malloc                __attribute__((__malloc__))
 153#endif
 154
 155#if GCC_VERSION >= 40000
 156
 157/* GCC 4.1.[01] miscompiles __weak */
 158#ifdef __KERNEL__
 159# if GCC_VERSION >= 40100 &&  GCC_VERSION <= 40101
 160#  error Your version of gcc miscompiles the __weak directive
 161# endif
 162#endif
 163
 164#define __used                  __attribute__((__used__))
 165#define __compiler_offsetof(a, b)                                       \
 166        __builtin_offsetof(a, b)
 167
 168#if GCC_VERSION >= 40100
 169# define __compiletime_object_size(obj) __builtin_object_size(obj, 0)
 170
 171#define __nostackprotector      __attribute__((__optimize__("no-stack-protector")))
 172#endif
 173
 174#if GCC_VERSION >= 40300
 175/* Mark functions as cold. gcc will assume any path leading to a call
 176 * to them will be unlikely.  This means a lot of manual unlikely()s
 177 * are unnecessary now for any paths leading to the usual suspects
 178 * like BUG(), printk(), panic() etc. [but let's keep them for now for
 179 * older compilers]
 180 *
 181 * Early snapshots of gcc 4.3 don't support this and we can't detect this
 182 * in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're unreleased.
 183 * Maketime probing would be overkill here.
 184 *
 185 * gcc also has a __attribute__((__hot__)) to move hot functions into
 186 * a special section, but I don't see any sense in this right now in
 187 * the kernel context
 188 */
 189#define __cold                  __attribute__((__cold__))
 190
 191#define __UNIQUE_ID(prefix) __PASTE(__PASTE(__UNIQUE_ID_, prefix), __COUNTER__)
 192
 193#ifndef __CHECKER__
 194# define __compiletime_warning(message) __attribute__((warning(message)))
 195# define __compiletime_error(message) __attribute__((error(message)))
 196#endif /* __CHECKER__ */
 197#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40300 */
 198
 199#if GCC_VERSION >= 40500
 200
 201#ifndef __CHECKER__
 202#ifdef LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN
 203#define __latent_entropy __attribute__((latent_entropy))
 204#endif
 205#endif
 206
 207/*
 208 * Mark a position in code as unreachable.  This can be used to
 209 * suppress control flow warnings after asm blocks that transfer
 210 * control elsewhere.
 211 *
 212 * Early snapshots of gcc 4.5 don't support this and we can't detect
 213 * this in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're
 214 * unreleased.  Really, we need to have autoconf for the kernel.
 215 */
 216#define unreachable() \
 217        do { annotate_unreachable(); __builtin_unreachable(); } while (0)
 218
 219/* Mark a function definition as prohibited from being cloned. */
 220#define __noclone       __attribute__((__noclone__, __optimize__("no-tracer")))
 221
 222#ifdef RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN
 223#define __randomize_layout __attribute__((randomize_layout))
 224#define __no_randomize_layout __attribute__((no_randomize_layout))
 225#endif
 226
 227#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40500 */
 228
 229#if GCC_VERSION >= 40600
 230
 231/*
 232 * When used with Link Time Optimization, gcc can optimize away C functions or
 233 * variables which are referenced only from assembly code.  __visible tells the
 234 * optimizer that something else uses this function or variable, thus preventing
 235 * this.
 236 */
 237#define __visible       __attribute__((externally_visible))
 238
 239/*
 240 * RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN wants to use an anonymous struct, but it is only
 241 * possible since GCC 4.6. To provide as much build testing coverage
 242 * as possible, this is used for all GCC 4.6+ builds, and not just on
 243 * RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN builds.
 244 */
 245#define randomized_struct_fields_start  struct {
 246#define randomized_struct_fields_end    } __randomize_layout;
 247
 248#endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40600 */
 249
 250
 251#if GCC_VERSION >= 40900 && !defined(__CHECKER__)
 252/*
 253 * __assume_aligned(n, k): Tell the optimizer that the returned
 254 * pointer can be assumed to be k modulo n. The second argument is
 255 * optional (default 0), so we use a variadic macro to make the
 256 * shorthand.
 257 *
 258 * Beware: Do not apply this to functions which may return
 259 * ERR_PTRs. Also, it is probably unwise to apply it to functions
 260 * returning extra information in the low bits (but in that case the
 261 * compiler should see some alignment anyway, when the return value is
 262 * massaged by 'flags = ptr & 3; ptr &= ~3;').
 263 */
 264#define __assume_aligned(a, ...) __attribute__((__assume_aligned__(a, ## __VA_ARGS__)))
 265#endif
 266
 267/*
 268 * GCC 'asm goto' miscompiles certain code sequences:
 269 *
 270 *   http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=58670
 271 *
 272 * Work it around via a compiler barrier quirk suggested by Jakub Jelinek.
 273 *
 274 * (asm goto is automatically volatile - the naming reflects this.)
 275 */
 276#define asm_volatile_goto(x...) do { asm goto(x); asm (""); } while (0)
 277
 278/*
 279 * sparse (__CHECKER__) pretends to be gcc, but can't do constant
 280 * folding in __builtin_bswap*() (yet), so don't set these for it.
 281 */
 282#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP) && !defined(__CHECKER__)
 283#if GCC_VERSION >= 40400
 284#define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP32__
 285#define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP64__
 286#endif
 287#if GCC_VERSION >= 40800
 288#define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__
 289#endif
 290#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP && !__CHECKER__ */
 291
 292#if GCC_VERSION >= 70000
 293#define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 5
 294#elif GCC_VERSION >= 50000
 295#define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 4
 296#elif GCC_VERSION >= 40902
 297#define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 3
 298#endif
 299
 300#if GCC_VERSION >= 40902
 301/*
 302 * Tell the compiler that address safety instrumentation (KASAN)
 303 * should not be applied to that function.
 304 * Conflicts with inlining: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=67368
 305 */
 306#define __no_sanitize_address __attribute__((no_sanitize_address))
 307#endif
 308
 309#if GCC_VERSION >= 50100
 310/*
 311 * Mark structures as requiring designated initializers.
 312 * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Designated-Inits.html
 313 */
 314#define __designated_init __attribute__((designated_init))
 315#endif
 316
 317#endif  /* gcc version >= 40000 specific checks */
 318
 319#if !defined(__noclone)
 320#define __noclone       /* not needed */
 321#endif
 322
 323#if !defined(__no_sanitize_address)
 324#define __no_sanitize_address
 325#endif
 326
 327/*
 328 * A trick to suppress uninitialized variable warning without generating any
 329 * code
 330 */
 331#define uninitialized_var(x) x = x
 332