// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * Based on arch/arm/mm/context.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2003 Deep Blue Solutions Ltd, all rights reserved.
 * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd.
 */

#include <linux/bitfield.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>

#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/smp.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>

static u32 asid_bits;
static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(cpu_asid_lock);

static atomic64_t asid_generation;
static unsigned long *asid_map;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(atomic64_t, active_asids);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, reserved_asids);
static cpumask_t tlb_flush_pending;

static unsigned long max_pinned_asids;
static unsigned long nr_pinned_asids;
static unsigned long *pinned_asid_map;

#define ASID_MASK               (~GENMASK(asid_bits - 1, 0))
#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION      (1UL << asid_bits)

#define NUM_USER_ASIDS          ASID_FIRST_VERSION
#define asid2idx(asid)          ((asid) & ~ASID_MASK)
#define idx2asid(idx)           asid2idx(idx)

/* Get the ASIDBits supported by the current CPU */
static u32 get_cpu_asid_bits(void)
{
        u32 asid;
        int fld = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(read_cpuid(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1),
                                                ID_AA64MMFR0_ASID_SHIFT);

        switch (fld) {
        default:
                pr_warn("CPU%d: Unknown ASID size (%d); assuming 8-bit\n",
                                        smp_processor_id(),  fld);
                fallthrough;
        case 0:
                asid = 8;
                break;
        case 2:
                asid = 16;
        }

        return asid;
}

/* Check if the current cpu's ASIDBits is compatible with asid_bits */
void verify_cpu_asid_bits(void)
{
        u32 asid = get_cpu_asid_bits();

        if (asid < asid_bits) {
                /*
                 * We cannot decrease the ASID size at runtime, so panic if we support
                 * fewer ASID bits than the boot CPU.
                 */
                pr_crit("CPU%d: smaller ASID size(%u) than boot CPU (%u)\n",
                                smp_processor_id(), asid, asid_bits);
                cpu_panic_kernel();
        }
}

static void set_kpti_asid_bits(unsigned long *map)
{
        unsigned int len = BITS_TO_LONGS(NUM_USER_ASIDS) * sizeof(unsigned long);
        /*
         * In case of KPTI kernel/user ASIDs are allocated in
         * pairs, the bottom bit distinguishes the two: if it
         * is set, then the ASID will map only userspace. Thus
         * mark even as reserved for kernel.
         */
        memset(map, 0xaa, len);
}

static void set_reserved_asid_bits(void)
{
        if (pinned_asid_map)
                bitmap_copy(asid_map, pinned_asid_map, NUM_USER_ASIDS);
        else if (arm64_kernel_unmapped_at_el0())
                set_kpti_asid_bits(asid_map);
        else
                bitmap_clear(asid_map, 0, NUM_USER_ASIDS);
}

#define asid_gen_match(asid) \
        (!(((asid) ^ atomic64_read(&asid_generation)) >> asid_bits))

static void flush_context(void)
{
        int i;
        u64 asid;

        /* Update the list of reserved ASIDs and the ASID bitmap. */
        set_reserved_asid_bits();

        for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
                asid = atomic64_xchg_relaxed(&per_cpu(active_asids, i), 0);
                /*
                 * If this CPU has already been through a
                 * rollover, but hasn't run another task in
                 * the meantime, we must preserve its reserved
                 * ASID, as this is the only trace we have of
                 * the process it is still running.
                 */
                if (asid == 0)
                        asid = per_cpu(reserved_asids, i);
                __set_bit(asid2idx(asid), asid_map);
                per_cpu(reserved_asids, i) = asid;
        }

        /*
         * Queue a TLB invalidation for each CPU to perform on next
         * context-switch
         */
        cpumask_setall(&tlb_flush_pending);
}

static bool check_update_reserved_asid(u64 asid, u64 newasid)
{
        int cpu;
        bool hit = false;

        /*
         * Iterate over the set of reserved ASIDs looking for a match.
         * If we find one, then we can update our mm to use newasid
         * (i.e. the same ASID in the current generation) but we can't
         * exit the loop early, since we need to ensure that all copies
         * of the old ASID are updated to reflect the mm. Failure to do
         * so could result in us missing the reserved ASID in a future
         * generation.
         */
        for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
                if (per_cpu(reserved_asids, cpu) == asid) {
                        hit = true;
                        per_cpu(reserved_asids, cpu) = newasid;
                }
        }

        return hit;
}

static u64 new_context(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        static u32 cur_idx = 1;
        u64 asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);
        u64 generation = atomic64_read(&asid_generation);

        if (asid != 0) {
                u64 newasid = generation | (asid & ~ASID_MASK);

                /*
                 * If our current ASID was active during a rollover, we
                 * can continue to use it and this was just a false alarm.
                 */
                if (check_update_reserved_asid(asid, newasid))
                        return newasid;

                /*
                 * If it is pinned, we can keep using it. Note that reserved
                 * takes priority, because even if it is also pinned, we need to
                 * update the generation into the reserved_asids.
                 */
                if (refcount_read(&mm->context.pinned))
                        return newasid;

                /*
                 * We had a valid ASID in a previous life, so try to re-use
                 * it if possible.
                 */
                if (!__test_and_set_bit(asid2idx(asid), asid_map))
                        return newasid;
        }

        /*
         * Allocate a free ASID. If we can't find one, take a note of the
         * currently active ASIDs and mark the TLBs as requiring flushes.  We
         * always count from ASID #2 (index 1), as we use ASID #0 when setting
         * a reserved TTBR0 for the init_mm and we allocate ASIDs in even/odd
         * pairs.
         */
        asid = find_next_zero_bit(asid_map, NUM_USER_ASIDS, cur_idx);
        if (asid != NUM_USER_ASIDS)
                goto set_asid;

        /* We're out of ASIDs, so increment the global generation count */
        generation = atomic64_add_return_relaxed(ASID_FIRST_VERSION,
                                                 &asid_generation);
        flush_context();

        /* We have more ASIDs than CPUs, so this will always succeed */
        asid = find_next_zero_bit(asid_map, NUM_USER_ASIDS, 1);

set_asid:
        __set_bit(asid, asid_map);
        cur_idx = asid;
        return idx2asid(asid) | generation;
}

void check_and_switch_context(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        unsigned int cpu;
        u64 asid, old_active_asid;

        if (system_supports_cnp())
                cpu_set_reserved_ttbr0();

        asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);

        /*
         * The memory ordering here is subtle.
         * If our active_asids is non-zero and the ASID matches the current
         * generation, then we update the active_asids entry with a relaxed
         * cmpxchg. Racing with a concurrent rollover means that either:
         *
         * - We get a zero back from the cmpxchg and end up waiting on the
         *   lock. Taking the lock synchronises with the rollover and so
         *   we are forced to see the updated generation.
         *
         * - We get a valid ASID back from the cmpxchg, which means the
         *   relaxed xchg in flush_context will treat us as reserved
         *   because atomic RmWs are totally ordered for a given location.
         */
        old_active_asid = atomic64_read(this_cpu_ptr(&active_asids));
        if (old_active_asid && asid_gen_match(asid) &&
            atomic64_cmpxchg_relaxed(this_cpu_ptr(&active_asids),
                                     old_active_asid, asid))
                goto switch_mm_fastpath;

        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);
        /* Check that our ASID belongs to the current generation. */
        asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);
        if (!asid_gen_match(asid)) {
                asid = new_context(mm);
                atomic64_set(&mm->context.id, asid);
        }

        cpu = smp_processor_id();
        if (cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu(cpu, &tlb_flush_pending))
                local_flush_tlb_all();

        atomic64_set(this_cpu_ptr(&active_asids), asid);
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);

switch_mm_fastpath:

        arm64_apply_bp_hardening();

        /*
         * Defer TTBR0_EL1 setting for user threads to uaccess_enable() when
         * emulating PAN.
         */
        if (!system_uses_ttbr0_pan())
                cpu_switch_mm(mm->pgd, mm);
}

unsigned long arm64_mm_context_get(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        u64 asid;

        if (!pinned_asid_map)
                return 0;

        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);

        asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);

        if (refcount_inc_not_zero(&mm->context.pinned))
                goto out_unlock;

        if (nr_pinned_asids >= max_pinned_asids) {
                asid = 0;
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        if (!asid_gen_match(asid)) {
                /*
                 * We went through one or more rollover since that ASID was
                 * used. Ensure that it is still valid, or generate a new one.
                 */
                asid = new_context(mm);
                atomic64_set(&mm->context.id, asid);
        }

        nr_pinned_asids++;
        __set_bit(asid2idx(asid), pinned_asid_map);
        refcount_set(&mm->context.pinned, 1);

out_unlock:
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);

        asid &= ~ASID_MASK;

        /* Set the equivalent of USER_ASID_BIT */
        if (asid && arm64_kernel_unmapped_at_el0())
                asid |= 1;

        return asid;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arm64_mm_context_get);

void arm64_mm_context_put(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        u64 asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);

        if (!pinned_asid_map)
                return;

        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);

        if (refcount_dec_and_test(&mm->context.pinned)) {
                __clear_bit(asid2idx(asid), pinned_asid_map);
                nr_pinned_asids--;
        }

        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arm64_mm_context_put);

/* Errata workaround post TTBRx_EL1 update. */
asmlinkage void post_ttbr_update_workaround(void)
{
        if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CAVIUM_ERRATUM_27456))
                return;

        asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop; nop; nop",
                        "ic iallu; dsb nsh; isb",
                        ARM64_WORKAROUND_CAVIUM_27456));
}

void cpu_do_switch_mm(phys_addr_t pgd_phys, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        unsigned long ttbr1 = read_sysreg(ttbr1_el1);
        unsigned long asid = ASID(mm);
        unsigned long ttbr0 = phys_to_ttbr(pgd_phys);

        /* Skip CNP for the reserved ASID */
        if (system_supports_cnp() && asid)
                ttbr0 |= TTBR_CNP_BIT;

        /* SW PAN needs a copy of the ASID in TTBR0 for entry */
        if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_SW_TTBR0_PAN))
                ttbr0 |= FIELD_PREP(TTBR_ASID_MASK, asid);

        /* Set ASID in TTBR1 since TCR.A1 is set */
        ttbr1 &= ~TTBR_ASID_MASK;
        ttbr1 |= FIELD_PREP(TTBR_ASID_MASK, asid);

        write_sysreg(ttbr1, ttbr1_el1);
        isb();
        write_sysreg(ttbr0, ttbr0_el1);
        isb();
        post_ttbr_update_workaround();
}

static int asids_update_limit(void)
{
        unsigned long num_available_asids = NUM_USER_ASIDS;

        if (arm64_kernel_unmapped_at_el0()) {
                num_available_asids /= 2;
                if (pinned_asid_map)
                        set_kpti_asid_bits(pinned_asid_map);
        }
        /*
         * Expect allocation after rollover to fail if we don't have at least
         * one more ASID than CPUs. ASID #0 is reserved for init_mm.
         */
        WARN_ON(num_available_asids - 1 <= num_possible_cpus());
        pr_info("ASID allocator initialised with %lu entries\n",
                num_available_asids);

        /*
         * There must always be an ASID available after rollover. Ensure that,
         * even if all CPUs have a reserved ASID and the maximum number of ASIDs
         * are pinned, there still is at least one empty slot in the ASID map.
         */
        max_pinned_asids = num_available_asids - num_possible_cpus() - 2;
        return 0;
}
arch_initcall(asids_update_limit);

static int asids_init(void)
{
        asid_bits = get_cpu_asid_bits();
        atomic64_set(&asid_generation, ASID_FIRST_VERSION);
        asid_map = bitmap_zalloc(NUM_USER_ASIDS, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!asid_map)
                panic("Failed to allocate bitmap for %lu ASIDs\n",
                      NUM_USER_ASIDS);

        pinned_asid_map = bitmap_zalloc(NUM_USER_ASIDS, GFP_KERNEL);
        nr_pinned_asids = 0;

        /*
         * We cannot call set_reserved_asid_bits() here because CPU
         * caps are not finalized yet, so it is safer to assume KPTI
         * and reserve kernel ASID's from beginning.
         */
        if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0))
                set_kpti_asid_bits(asid_map);
        return 0;
}
early_initcall(asids_init);