// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * Pluggable TCP congestion control support and newReno
 * congestion control.
 * Based on ideas from I/O scheduler support and Web100.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2005 Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@osdl.org>
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) "TCP: " fmt

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(tcp_cong_list_lock);
static LIST_HEAD(tcp_cong_list);

/* Simple linear search, don't expect many entries! */
struct tcp_congestion_ops *tcp_ca_find(const char *name)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *e;

        list_for_each_entry_rcu(e, &tcp_cong_list, list) {
                if (strcmp(e->name, name) == 0)
                        return e;
        }

        return NULL;
}

/* Must be called with rcu lock held */
static struct tcp_congestion_ops *tcp_ca_find_autoload(struct net *net,
                                                       const char *name)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca = tcp_ca_find(name);

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
        if (!ca && capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)) {
                rcu_read_unlock();
                request_module("tcp_%s", name);
                rcu_read_lock();
                ca = tcp_ca_find(name);
        }
#endif
        return ca;
}

/* Simple linear search, not much in here. */
struct tcp_congestion_ops *tcp_ca_find_key(u32 key)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *e;

        list_for_each_entry_rcu(e, &tcp_cong_list, list) {
                if (e->key == key)
                        return e;
        }

        return NULL;
}

/*
 * Attach new congestion control algorithm to the list
 * of available options.
 */
int tcp_register_congestion_control(struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca)
{
        int ret = 0;

        /* all algorithms must implement these */
        if (!ca->ssthresh || !ca->undo_cwnd ||
            !(ca->cong_avoid || ca->cong_control)) {
                pr_err("%s does not implement required ops\n", ca->name);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        ca->key = jhash(ca->name, sizeof(ca->name), strlen(ca->name));

        spin_lock(&tcp_cong_list_lock);
        if (ca->key == TCP_CA_UNSPEC || tcp_ca_find_key(ca->key)) {
                pr_notice("%s already registered or non-unique key\n",
                          ca->name);
                ret = -EEXIST;
        } else {
                list_add_tail_rcu(&ca->list, &tcp_cong_list);
                pr_debug("%s registered\n", ca->name);
        }
        spin_unlock(&tcp_cong_list_lock);

        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_register_congestion_control);

/*
 * Remove congestion control algorithm, called from
 * the module's remove function.  Module ref counts are used
 * to ensure that this can't be done till all sockets using
 * that method are closed.
 */
void tcp_unregister_congestion_control(struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca)
{
        spin_lock(&tcp_cong_list_lock);
        list_del_rcu(&ca->list);
        spin_unlock(&tcp_cong_list_lock);

        /* Wait for outstanding readers to complete before the
         * module gets removed entirely.
         *
         * A try_module_get() should fail by now as our module is
         * in "going" state since no refs are held anymore and
         * module_exit() handler being called.
         */
        synchronize_rcu();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_unregister_congestion_control);

u32 tcp_ca_get_key_by_name(struct net *net, const char *name, bool *ecn_ca)
{
        const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        u32 key = TCP_CA_UNSPEC;

        might_sleep();

        rcu_read_lock();
        ca = tcp_ca_find_autoload(net, name);
        if (ca) {
                key = ca->key;
                *ecn_ca = ca->flags & TCP_CONG_NEEDS_ECN;
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();

        return key;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_ca_get_key_by_name);

char *tcp_ca_get_name_by_key(u32 key, char *buffer)
{
        const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        char *ret = NULL;

        rcu_read_lock();
        ca = tcp_ca_find_key(key);
        if (ca)
                ret = strncpy(buffer, ca->name,
                              TCP_CA_NAME_MAX);
        rcu_read_unlock();

        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_ca_get_name_by_key);

/* Assign choice of congestion control. */
void tcp_assign_congestion_control(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct net *net = sock_net(sk);
        struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
        const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;

        rcu_read_lock();
        ca = rcu_dereference(net->ipv4.tcp_congestion_control);
        if (unlikely(!bpf_try_module_get(ca, ca->owner)))
                ca = &tcp_reno;
        icsk->icsk_ca_ops = ca;
        rcu_read_unlock();

        memset(icsk->icsk_ca_priv, 0, sizeof(icsk->icsk_ca_priv));
        if (ca->flags & TCP_CONG_NEEDS_ECN)
                INET_ECN_xmit(sk);
        else
                INET_ECN_dontxmit(sk);
}

void tcp_init_congestion_control(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);

        tcp_sk(sk)->prior_ssthresh = 0;
        if (icsk->icsk_ca_ops->init)
                icsk->icsk_ca_ops->init(sk);
        if (tcp_ca_needs_ecn(sk))
                INET_ECN_xmit(sk);
        else
                INET_ECN_dontxmit(sk);
        icsk->icsk_ca_initialized = 1;
}

static void tcp_reinit_congestion_control(struct sock *sk,
                                          const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca)
{
        struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);

        tcp_cleanup_congestion_control(sk);
        icsk->icsk_ca_ops = ca;
        icsk->icsk_ca_setsockopt = 1;
        memset(icsk->icsk_ca_priv, 0, sizeof(icsk->icsk_ca_priv));

        if (ca->flags & TCP_CONG_NEEDS_ECN)
                INET_ECN_xmit(sk);
        else
                INET_ECN_dontxmit(sk);

        if (!((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_CLOSE | TCPF_LISTEN)))
                tcp_init_congestion_control(sk);
}

/* Manage refcounts on socket close. */
void tcp_cleanup_congestion_control(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);

        if (icsk->icsk_ca_ops->release)
                icsk->icsk_ca_ops->release(sk);
        bpf_module_put(icsk->icsk_ca_ops, icsk->icsk_ca_ops->owner);
}

/* Used by sysctl to change default congestion control */
int tcp_set_default_congestion_control(struct net *net, const char *name)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        const struct tcp_congestion_ops *prev;
        int ret;

        rcu_read_lock();
        ca = tcp_ca_find_autoload(net, name);
        if (!ca) {
                ret = -ENOENT;
        } else if (!bpf_try_module_get(ca, ca->owner)) {
                ret = -EBUSY;
        } else if (!net_eq(net, &init_net) &&
                        !(ca->flags & TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED)) {
                /* Only init netns can set default to a restricted algorithm */
                ret = -EPERM;
        } else {
                prev = xchg(&net->ipv4.tcp_congestion_control, ca);
                if (prev)
                        bpf_module_put(prev, prev->owner);

                ca->flags |= TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED;
                ret = 0;
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();

        return ret;
}

/* Set default value from kernel configuration at bootup */
static int __init tcp_congestion_default(void)
{
        return tcp_set_default_congestion_control(&init_net,
                                                  CONFIG_DEFAULT_TCP_CONG);
}
late_initcall(tcp_congestion_default);

/* Build string with list of available congestion control values */
void tcp_get_available_congestion_control(char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        size_t offs = 0;

        rcu_read_lock();
        list_for_each_entry_rcu(ca, &tcp_cong_list, list) {
                offs += snprintf(buf + offs, maxlen - offs,
                                 "%s%s",
                                 offs == 0 ? "" : " ", ca->name);

                if (WARN_ON_ONCE(offs >= maxlen))
                        break;
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();
}

/* Get current default congestion control */
void tcp_get_default_congestion_control(struct net *net, char *name)
{
        const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;

        rcu_read_lock();
        ca = rcu_dereference(net->ipv4.tcp_congestion_control);
        strncpy(name, ca->name, TCP_CA_NAME_MAX);
        rcu_read_unlock();
}

/* Built list of non-restricted congestion control values */
void tcp_get_allowed_congestion_control(char *buf, size_t maxlen)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        size_t offs = 0;

        *buf = '\0';
        rcu_read_lock();
        list_for_each_entry_rcu(ca, &tcp_cong_list, list) {
                if (!(ca->flags & TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED))
                        continue;
                offs += snprintf(buf + offs, maxlen - offs,
                                 "%s%s",
                                 offs == 0 ? "" : " ", ca->name);

                if (WARN_ON_ONCE(offs >= maxlen))
                        break;
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();
}

/* Change list of non-restricted congestion control */
int tcp_set_allowed_congestion_control(char *val)
{
        struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        char *saved_clone, *clone, *name;
        int ret = 0;

        saved_clone = clone = kstrdup(val, GFP_USER);
        if (!clone)
                return -ENOMEM;

        spin_lock(&tcp_cong_list_lock);
        /* pass 1 check for bad entries */
        while ((name = strsep(&clone, " ")) && *name) {
                ca = tcp_ca_find(name);
                if (!ca) {
                        ret = -ENOENT;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* pass 2 clear old values */
        list_for_each_entry_rcu(ca, &tcp_cong_list, list)
                ca->flags &= ~TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED;

        /* pass 3 mark as allowed */
        while ((name = strsep(&val, " ")) && *name) {
                ca = tcp_ca_find(name);
                WARN_ON(!ca);
                if (ca)
                        ca->flags |= TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED;
        }
out:
        spin_unlock(&tcp_cong_list_lock);
        kfree(saved_clone);

        return ret;
}

/* Change congestion control for socket. If load is false, then it is the
 * responsibility of the caller to call tcp_init_congestion_control or
 * tcp_reinit_congestion_control (if the current congestion control was
 * already initialized.
 */
int tcp_set_congestion_control(struct sock *sk, const char *name, bool load,
                               bool cap_net_admin)
{
        struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
        const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca;
        int err = 0;

        if (icsk->icsk_ca_dst_locked)
                return -EPERM;

        rcu_read_lock();
        if (!load)
                ca = tcp_ca_find(name);
        else
                ca = tcp_ca_find_autoload(sock_net(sk), name);

        /* No change asking for existing value */
        if (ca == icsk->icsk_ca_ops) {
                icsk->icsk_ca_setsockopt = 1;
                goto out;
        }

        if (!ca)
                err = -ENOENT;
        else if (!((ca->flags & TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED) || cap_net_admin))
                err = -EPERM;
        else if (!bpf_try_module_get(ca, ca->owner))
                err = -EBUSY;
        else
                tcp_reinit_congestion_control(sk, ca);
 out:
        rcu_read_unlock();
        return err;
}

/* Slow start is used when congestion window is no greater than the slow start
 * threshold. We base on RFC2581 and also handle stretch ACKs properly.
 * We do not implement RFC3465 Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC) per se but
 * something better;) a packet is only considered (s)acked in its entirety to
 * defend the ACK attacks described in the RFC. Slow start processes a stretch
 * ACK of degree N as if N acks of degree 1 are received back to back except
 * ABC caps N to 2. Slow start exits when cwnd grows over ssthresh and
 * returns the leftover acks to adjust cwnd in congestion avoidance mode.
 */
u32 tcp_slow_start(struct tcp_sock *tp, u32 acked)
{
        u32 cwnd = min(tp->snd_cwnd + acked, tp->snd_ssthresh);

        acked -= cwnd - tp->snd_cwnd;
        tp->snd_cwnd = min(cwnd, tp->snd_cwnd_clamp);

        return acked;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_slow_start);

/* In theory this is tp->snd_cwnd += 1 / tp->snd_cwnd (or alternative w),
 * for every packet that was ACKed.
 */
void tcp_cong_avoid_ai(struct tcp_sock *tp, u32 w, u32 acked)
{
        /* If credits accumulated at a higher w, apply them gently now. */
        if (tp->snd_cwnd_cnt >= w) {
                tp->snd_cwnd_cnt = 0;
                tp->snd_cwnd++;
        }

        tp->snd_cwnd_cnt += acked;
        if (tp->snd_cwnd_cnt >= w) {
                u32 delta = tp->snd_cwnd_cnt / w;

                tp->snd_cwnd_cnt -= delta * w;
                tp->snd_cwnd += delta;
        }
        tp->snd_cwnd = min(tp->snd_cwnd, tp->snd_cwnd_clamp);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_cong_avoid_ai);

/*
 * TCP Reno congestion control
 * This is special case used for fallback as well.
 */
/* This is Jacobson's slow start and congestion avoidance.
 * SIGCOMM '88, p. 328.
 */
void tcp_reno_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked)
{
        struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);

        if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk))
                return;

        /* In "safe" area, increase. */
        if (tcp_in_slow_start(tp)) {
                acked = tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
                if (!acked)
                        return;
        }
        /* In dangerous area, increase slowly. */
        tcp_cong_avoid_ai(tp, tp->snd_cwnd, acked);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_reno_cong_avoid);

/* Slow start threshold is half the congestion window (min 2) */
u32 tcp_reno_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
{
        const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);

        return max(tp->snd_cwnd >> 1U, 2U);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_reno_ssthresh);

u32 tcp_reno_undo_cwnd(struct sock *sk)
{
        const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);

        return max(tp->snd_cwnd, tp->prior_cwnd);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_reno_undo_cwnd);

struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_reno = {
        .flags          = TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED,
        .name           = "reno",
        .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
        .ssthresh       = tcp_reno_ssthresh,
        .cong_avoid     = tcp_reno_cong_avoid,
        .undo_cwnd      = tcp_reno_undo_cwnd,
};