1A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE 2========================== 3 4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting 5Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands 6as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's 7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others. 8 9In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for 10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us) 11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the 12software. 13 14In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to 15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same 16year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope 17Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software 18Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a 19non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related 20Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of 21the PSF. 22 23All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for 24the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python 25releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes 26the various releases. 27 28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL- 29 from compatible? (1) 30 31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes 32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes 33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no 34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no 35 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2) 36 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no 37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes 38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes 39 2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF yes 40 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes 41 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes 42 2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF yes 43 2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF yes 44 2.2.3 2.2.2 2003 PSF yes 45 2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes 46 2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF yes 47 2.3.2 2.3.1 2002-2003 PSF yes 48 2.3.3 2.3.2 2002-2003 PSF yes 49 2.3.4 2.3.3 2004 PSF yes 50 2.3.5 2.3.4 2005 PSF yes 51 2.4 2.3 2004 PSF yes 52 2.4.1 2.4 2005 PSF yes 53 2.4.2 2.4.1 2005 PSF yes 54 2.4.3 2.4.2 2006 PSF yes 55 2.5 2.4 2006 PSF yes 56 2.7 2.6 2010 PSF yes 57 58Footnotes: 59 60(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under 61 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute 62 a modified version without making your changes open source. The 63 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with 64 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't. 65 66(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible, 67 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to 68 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1 69 is "not incompatible" with the GPL. 70 71Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's 72direction to make these releases possible. 73 74 75B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 76=============================================================== 77 78PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2 79-------------------------------------------- 80 811. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation 82("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and 83otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and 84its associated documentation. 85 862. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF 87hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide 88license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, 89prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 90alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's 91License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) 922001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Python Software Foundation; All Rights 93Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version 94prepared by Licensee. 95 963. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 97or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make 98the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 99Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 100the changes made to Python. 101 1024. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 103basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 104IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND 105DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 106FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT 107INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 108 1095. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 110FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 111A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON, 112OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 113 1146. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 115breach of its terms and conditions. 116 1177. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any 118relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and 119Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF 120trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote 121products or services of Licensee, or any third party. 122 1238. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee 124agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 125Agreement. 126 127 128BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0 129------------------------------------------- 130 131BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1 132 1331. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an 134office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the 135Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using 136this software in source or binary form and its associated 137documentation ("the Software"). 138 1392. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License 140Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, 141royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform 142and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and 143otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, 144provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the 145Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. 146 1473. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 148basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 149IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND 150DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 151FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT 152INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 153 1544. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE 155SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS 156AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY 157DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 158 1595. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 160breach of its terms and conditions. 161 1626. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all 163respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of 164law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to 165create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture 166between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant 167permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark 168sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any 169third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at 170http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the 171permissions granted on that web page. 172 1737. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee 174agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License 175Agreement. 176 177 178CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1 179--------------------------------------- 180 1811. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National 182Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, 183Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization 184("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in 185source or binary form and its associated documentation. 186 1872. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI 188hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide 189license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, 190prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 191alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's 192License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) 1931995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights 194Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative 195version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License 196Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the 197quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and 198conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with 199Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following 200unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This 201Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet 202using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013". 203 2043. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on 205or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make 206the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then 207Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of 208the changes made to Python 1.6.1. 209 2104. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" 211basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 212IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND 213DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS 214FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT 215INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. 216 2175. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 2181.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS 219A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, 220OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. 221 2226. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material 223breach of its terms and conditions. 224 2257. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal 226intellectual property law of the United States, including without 227limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such 228U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of 229Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. 230Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based 231on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was 232previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the 233law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License 234Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to 235Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this 236License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of 237agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This 238License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or 239trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or 240services of Licensee, or any third party. 241 2428. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, 243installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be 244bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. 245 246 ACCEPT 247 248 249CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2 250-------------------------------------------------- 251 252Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, 253The Netherlands. All rights reserved. 254 255Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its 256documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, 257provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that 258both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in 259supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch 260Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to 261distribution of the software without specific, written prior 262permission. 263 264STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO 265THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND 266FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE 267FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 268WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 269ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT 270OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 271