/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *      @(#)tcp_output.c        8.3 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
 * tcp_output.c,v 1.3 1994/09/15 10:36:55 davidg Exp
 */

/*
 * Changes and additions relating to SLiRP
 * Copyright (c) 1995 Danny Gasparovski.
 */

#include "slirp.h"

static const uint8_t  tcp_outflags[TCP_NSTATES] = {
        TH_RST|TH_ACK, 0,      TH_SYN,        TH_SYN|TH_ACK,
        TH_ACK,        TH_ACK, TH_FIN|TH_ACK, TH_FIN|TH_ACK,
        TH_FIN|TH_ACK, TH_ACK, TH_ACK,
};


#undef MAX_TCPOPTLEN
#define MAX_TCPOPTLEN   32      /* max # bytes that go in options */

/*
 * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
 */
int
tcp_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
{
        register struct socket *so = tp->t_socket;
        register long len, win;
        int off, flags, error;
        register struct mbuf *m;
        register struct tcpiphdr *ti, tcpiph_save;
        struct ip *ip;
        struct ip6 *ip6;
        uint8_t opt[MAX_TCPOPTLEN];
        unsigned optlen, hdrlen;
        int idle, sendalot;

        DEBUG_CALL("tcp_output");
        DEBUG_ARG("tp = %p", tp);

        /*
         * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
         * and flags that will be used.
         * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
         * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
         */
        idle = (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
        if (idle && tp->t_idle >= tp->t_rxtcur)
                /*
                 * We have been idle for "a while" and no acks are
                 * expected to clock out any data we send --
                 * slow start to get ack "clock" running again.
                 */
                tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
again:
        sendalot = 0;
        off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
        win = MIN(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);

        flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];

        DEBUG_MISC(" --- tcp_output flags = 0x%x", flags);

        /*
         * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
         * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
         * and timer expired, we will send what we can
         * and go to transmit state.
         */
        if (tp->t_force) {
                if (win == 0) {
                        /*
                         * If we still have some data to send, then
                         * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
                         * happen below when it realizes that we
                         * aren't sending all the data.  However,
                         * if we have exactly 1 byte of unset data,
                         * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
                         * and if we are in persist state, we wind
                         * up sending the packet without recording
                         * that we sent the FIN bit.
                         *
                         * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
                         * because if we don't have any more data
                         * to send then the probe will be the FIN
                         * itself.
                         */
                        if (off < so->so_snd.sb_cc)
                                flags &= ~TH_FIN;
                        win = 1;
                } else {
                        tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
                        tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
                }
        }

        len = MIN(so->so_snd.sb_cc, win) - off;

        if (len < 0) {
                /*
                 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
                 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
                 * len will be -1.  Otherwise, window shrank
                 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
                 * cancel pending retransmit and pull snd_nxt
                 * back to (closed) window.  We will enter persist
                 * state below.  If the window didn't close completely,
                 * just wait for an ACK.
                 */
                len = 0;
                if (win == 0) {
                        tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] = 0;
                        tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
                }
        }

        if (len > tp->t_maxseg) {
                len = tp->t_maxseg;
                sendalot = 1;
        }
        if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc))
                flags &= ~TH_FIN;

        win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);

        /*
         * Sender silly window avoidance.  If connection is idle
         * and can send all data, a maximum segment,
         * at least a maximum default-size segment do it,
         * or are forced, do it; otherwise don't bother.
         * If peer's buffer is tiny, then send
         * when window is at least half open.
         * If retransmitting (possibly after persist timer forced us
         * to send into a small window), then must resend.
         */
        if (len) {
                if (len == tp->t_maxseg)
                        goto send;
                if ((1 || idle || tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY) &&
                    len + off >= so->so_snd.sb_cc)
                        goto send;
                if (tp->t_force)
                        goto send;
                if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
                        goto send;
                if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
                        goto send;
        }

        /*
         * Compare available window to amount of window
         * known to peer (as advertised window less
         * next expected input).  If the difference is at least two
         * max size segments, or at least 50% of the maximum possible
         * window, then want to send a window update to peer.
         */
        if (win > 0) {
                /*
                 * "adv" is the amount we can increase the window,
                 * taking into account that we are limited by
                 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
                 */
                long adv = MIN(win, (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale) -
                        (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);

                if (adv >= (long) (2 * tp->t_maxseg))
                        goto send;
                if (2 * adv >= (long) so->so_rcv.sb_datalen)
                        goto send;
        }

        /*
         * Send if we owe peer an ACK.
         */
        if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
                goto send;
        if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_RST))
                goto send;
        if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
                goto send;
        /*
         * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
         * and we have not yet done so, or we're retransmitting the FIN,
         * then we need to send.
         */
        if (flags & TH_FIN &&
            ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
                goto send;

        /*
         * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
         * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
         * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
         *      idle                    not doing retransmits or persists
         *      persisting              to move a small or zero window
         *      (re)transmitting        and thereby not persisting
         *
         * tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]
         *      is set when we are in persist state.
         * tp->t_force
         *      is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
         * tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT]
         *      is set when we are retransmitting
         * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
         *
         * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
         * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
         * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
         * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
         * otherwise force out a byte.
         */
        if (so->so_snd.sb_cc && tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
            tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
                tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
                tcp_setpersist(tp);
        }

        /*
         * No reason to send a segment, just return.
         */
        return (0);

send:
        /*
         * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
         * unless TCP set not to do any options.
         * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
         * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
         * link header, i.e.
         *      max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MHLEN
         */
        optlen = 0;
        hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
        if (flags & TH_SYN) {
                tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
                if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
                        uint16_t mss;

                        opt[0] = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
                        opt[1] = 4;
                        mss = htons((uint16_t) tcp_mss(tp, 0));
                        memcpy((char *)(opt + 2), (char *)&mss, sizeof(mss));
                        optlen = 4;
                }
        }

        hdrlen += optlen;

        /*
         * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
         * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
         */
         if (len > tp->t_maxseg - optlen) {
                len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen;
                sendalot = 1;
         }

        /*
         * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
         * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
         * the template for sends on this connection.
         */
        if (len) {
                m = m_get(so->slirp);
                if (m == NULL) {
                        error = 1;
                        goto out;
                }
                m->m_data += IF_MAXLINKHDR;
                m->m_len = hdrlen;

                sbcopy(&so->so_snd, off, (int) len, mtod(m, char *) + hdrlen);
                m->m_len += len;

                /*
                 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
                 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
                 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
                 * a PUSH comes in.)
                 */
                if (off + len == so->so_snd.sb_cc)
                        flags |= TH_PUSH;
        } else {
                m = m_get(so->slirp);
                if (m == NULL) {
                        error = 1;
                        goto out;
                }
                m->m_data += IF_MAXLINKHDR;
                m->m_len = hdrlen;
        }

        ti = mtod(m, struct tcpiphdr *);

        memcpy((char *)ti, &tp->t_template, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr));

        /*
         * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
         * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
         * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
         */
        if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
            tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
                tp->snd_nxt--;
        /*
         * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
         * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
         * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
         * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
         * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
         * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
         * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
         * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
         * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
         * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
         * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
         */
        if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) || tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST])
                ti->ti_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
        else
                ti->ti_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
        ti->ti_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
        if (optlen) {
                memcpy((char *)(ti + 1), (char *)opt, optlen);
                ti->ti_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
        }
        ti->ti_flags = flags;
        /*
         * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
         * but avoid silly window syndrome.
         */
        if (win < (long)(so->so_rcv.sb_datalen / 4) && win < (long)tp->t_maxseg)
                win = 0;
        if (win > (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale)
                win = (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale;
        if (win < (long)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
                win = (long)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
        ti->ti_win = htons((uint16_t) (win>>tp->rcv_scale));

        if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una)) {
                ti->ti_urp = htons((uint16_t)(tp->snd_up - ntohl(ti->ti_seq)));
                ti->ti_flags |= TH_URG;
        } else
                /*
                 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
                 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
                 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
                 * number wraparound.
                 */
                tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;               /* drag it along */

        /*
         * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
         * checksum extended header and data.
         */
        if (len + optlen)
                ti->ti_len = htons((uint16_t)(sizeof (struct tcphdr) +
                    optlen + len));
        ti->ti_sum = cksum(m, (int)(hdrlen + len));

        /*
         * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
         * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
         */
        if (tp->t_force == 0 || tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
                tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;

                /*
                 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
                 */
                if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
                        if (flags & TH_SYN)
                                tp->snd_nxt++;
                        if (flags & TH_FIN) {
                                tp->snd_nxt++;
                                tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
                        }
                }
                tp->snd_nxt += len;
                if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
                        tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
                        /*
                         * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
                         * not currently timing anything.
                         */
                        if (tp->t_rtt == 0) {
                                tp->t_rtt = 1;
                                tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
                        }
                }

                /*
                 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
                 * and not doing an ack or a keep-alive probe.
                 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
                 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
                 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
                 * of retransmit time.
                 */
                if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
                    tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una) {
                        tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] = tp->t_rxtcur;
                        if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]) {
                                tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
                                tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
                        }
                }
        } else
                if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_max))
                        tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + len;

        /*
         * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
         * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
         * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
         * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
         */
        m->m_len = hdrlen + len; /* XXX Needed? m_len should be correct */
        tcpiph_save = *mtod(m, struct tcpiphdr *);

        switch (so->so_ffamily) {
        case AF_INET:
            m->m_data += sizeof(struct tcpiphdr) - sizeof(struct tcphdr)
                                                 - sizeof(struct ip);
            m->m_len  -= sizeof(struct tcpiphdr) - sizeof(struct tcphdr)
                                                 - sizeof(struct ip);
            ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);

            ip->ip_len = m->m_len;
            ip->ip_dst = tcpiph_save.ti_dst;
            ip->ip_src = tcpiph_save.ti_src;
            ip->ip_p = tcpiph_save.ti_pr;

            ip->ip_ttl = IPDEFTTL;
            ip->ip_tos = so->so_iptos;
            error = ip_output(so, m);
            break;

        case AF_INET6:
            m->m_data += sizeof(struct tcpiphdr) - sizeof(struct tcphdr)
                                                 - sizeof(struct ip6);
            m->m_len  -= sizeof(struct tcpiphdr) - sizeof(struct tcphdr)
                                                 - sizeof(struct ip6);
            ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6 *);

            ip6->ip_pl = tcpiph_save.ti_len;
            ip6->ip_dst = tcpiph_save.ti_dst6;
            ip6->ip_src = tcpiph_save.ti_src6;
            ip6->ip_nh = tcpiph_save.ti_nh6;

            error = ip6_output(so, m, 0);
            break;

        default:
            g_assert_not_reached();
        }

        if (error) {
out:
                return (error);
        }

        /*
         * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
         * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
         * then remember the size of the advertised window.
         * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
         */
        if (win > 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt+win, tp->rcv_adv))
                tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + win;
        tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
        tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW|TF_DELACK);
        if (sendalot)
                goto again;

        return (0);
}

void
tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
{
    int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;

        /*
         * Start/restart persistence timer.
         */
        TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST],
            t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
            TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_PERSMAX);
        if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
                tp->t_rxtshift++;
}