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11#include "qemu/osdep.h"
12#include <getopt.h>
13#include <libgen.h>
14#ifndef _WIN32
15#include <termios.h>
16#endif
17
18#include "qemu-common.h"
19#include "qapi/error.h"
20#include "qemu-io.h"
21#include "qemu/error-report.h"
22#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
23#include "qemu/module.h"
24#include "qemu/option.h"
25#include "qemu/config-file.h"
26#include "qemu/readline.h"
27#include "qemu/log.h"
28#include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
29#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
30#include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
31#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
32#include "block/block_int.h"
33#include "trace/control.h"
34#include "crypto/init.h"
35#include "qemu-version.h"
36
37#define CMD_NOFILE_OK 0x01
38
39static BlockBackend *qemuio_blk;
40static bool quit_qemu_io;
41
42
43static int ncmdline;
44static char **cmdline;
45static bool imageOpts;
46
47static ReadLineState *readline_state;
48
49static int ttyEOF;
50
51static int get_eof_char(void)
52{
53#ifdef _WIN32
54 return 0x4;
55#else
56 struct termios tty;
57 if (tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &tty) != 0) {
58 if (errno == ENOTTY) {
59 return 0x0;
60 } else {
61 return 0x4;
62 }
63 }
64
65 return tty.c_cc[VEOF];
66#endif
67}
68
69static int close_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
70{
71 blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
72 qemuio_blk = NULL;
73 return 0;
74}
75
76static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
77 .name = "close",
78 .altname = "c",
79 .cfunc = close_f,
80 .oneline = "close the current open file",
81};
82
83static int openfile(char *name, int flags, bool writethrough, bool force_share,
84 QDict *opts)
85{
86 Error *local_err = NULL;
87
88 if (qemuio_blk) {
89 error_report("file open already, try 'help close'");
90 qobject_unref(opts);
91 return 1;
92 }
93
94 if (force_share) {
95 if (!opts) {
96 opts = qdict_new();
97 }
98 if (qdict_haskey(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)
99 && strcmp(qdict_get_str(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE), "on")) {
100 error_report("-U conflicts with image options");
101 qobject_unref(opts);
102 return 1;
103 }
104 qdict_put_str(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, "on");
105 }
106 qemuio_blk = blk_new_open(name, NULL, opts, flags, &local_err);
107 if (!qemuio_blk) {
108 error_reportf_err(local_err, "can't open%s%s: ",
109 name ? " device " : "", name ?: "");
110 return 1;
111 }
112
113 blk_set_enable_write_cache(qemuio_blk, !writethrough);
114
115 return 0;
116}
117
118static void open_help(void)
119{
120 printf(
121"\n"
122" opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
123"\n"
124" Example:\n"
125" 'open -n -o driver=raw /tmp/data' - opens raw data file read-write, uncached\n"
126"\n"
127" Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
128" -r, -- open file read-only\n"
129" -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
130" -C, -- use copy-on-read\n"
131" -n, -- disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
132" -U, -- force shared permissions\n"
133" -k, -- use kernel AIO implementation (Linux only, prefer use of -i)\n"
134" -i, -- use AIO mode (threads, native or io_uring)\n"
135" -t, -- use the given cache mode for the image\n"
136" -d, -- use the given discard mode for the image\n"
137" -o, -- options to be given to the block driver"
138"\n");
139}
140
141static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
142
143static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
144 .name = "open",
145 .altname = "o",
146 .cfunc = open_f,
147 .argmin = 1,
148 .argmax = -1,
149 .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
150 .args = "[-rsCnkU] [-t cache] [-d discard] [-o options] [path]",
151 .oneline = "open the file specified by path",
152 .help = open_help,
153};
154
155static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
156 .name = "drive",
157 .merge_lists = true,
158 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
159 .desc = {
160
161 { }
162 },
163};
164
165static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
166{
167 int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
168 int readonly = 0;
169 bool writethrough = true;
170 int c;
171 int ret;
172 QemuOpts *qopts;
173 QDict *opts;
174 bool force_share = false;
175
176 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snCro:ki:t:d:U")) != -1) {
177 switch (c) {
178 case 's':
179 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
180 break;
181 case 'n':
182 flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
183 writethrough = false;
184 break;
185 case 'C':
186 flags |= BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ;
187 break;
188 case 'r':
189 readonly = 1;
190 break;
191 case 'k':
192 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
193 break;
194 case 't':
195 if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
196 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
197 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
198 return -EINVAL;
199 }
200 break;
201 case 'd':
202 if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
203 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
204 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
205 return -EINVAL;
206 }
207 break;
208 case 'i':
209 if (bdrv_parse_aio(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
210 error_report("Invalid aio option: %s", optarg);
211 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
212 return -EINVAL;
213 }
214 break;
215 case 'o':
216 if (imageOpts) {
217 printf("--image-opts and 'open -o' are mutually exclusive\n");
218 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
219 return -EINVAL;
220 }
221 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, optarg, false)) {
222 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
223 return -EINVAL;
224 }
225 break;
226 case 'U':
227 force_share = true;
228 break;
229 default:
230 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
231 qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
232 return -EINVAL;
233 }
234 }
235
236 if (!readonly) {
237 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
238 }
239
240 if (imageOpts && (optind == argc - 1)) {
241 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, argv[optind], false)) {
242 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
243 return -EINVAL;
244 }
245 optind++;
246 }
247
248 qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
249 opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
250 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
251
252 if (optind == argc - 1) {
253 ret = openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, force_share, opts);
254 } else if (optind == argc) {
255 ret = openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, force_share, opts);
256 } else {
257 qobject_unref(opts);
258 qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
259 return -EINVAL;
260 }
261
262 if (ret) {
263 return -EINVAL;
264 }
265
266 return 0;
267}
268
269static int quit_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
270{
271 quit_qemu_io = true;
272 return 0;
273}
274
275static const cmdinfo_t quit_cmd = {
276 .name = "quit",
277 .altname = "q",
278 .cfunc = quit_f,
279 .argmin = -1,
280 .argmax = -1,
281 .flags = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
282 .oneline = "exit the program",
283};
284
285static void usage(const char *name)
286{
287 printf(
288"Usage: %s [OPTIONS]... [-c STRING]... [file]\n"
289"QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
290"\n"
291" --object OBJECTDEF define an object such as 'secret' for\n"
292" passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
293" --image-opts treat file as option string\n"
294" -c, --cmd STRING execute command with its arguments\n"
295" from the given string\n"
296" -f, --format FMT specifies the block driver to use\n"
297" -r, --read-only export read-only\n"
298" -s, --snapshot use snapshot file\n"
299" -n, --nocache disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
300" -C, --copy-on-read enable copy-on-read\n"
301" -m, --misalign misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
302" -k, --native-aio use kernel AIO implementation\n"
303" (Linux only, prefer use of -i)\n"
304" -i, --aio=MODE use AIO mode (threads, native or io_uring)\n"
305" -t, --cache=MODE use the given cache mode for the image\n"
306" -d, --discard=MODE use the given discard mode for the image\n"
307" -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
308" specify tracing options\n"
309" see qemu-img(1) man page for full description\n"
310" -U, --force-share force shared permissions\n"
311" -h, --help display this help and exit\n"
312" -V, --version output version information and exit\n"
313"\n"
314"See '%s -c help' for information on available commands.\n"
315"\n"
316QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n",
317 name, name);
318}
319
320static char *get_prompt(void)
321{
322 static char prompt[FILENAME_MAX + 2 + 1 ];
323
324 if (!prompt[0]) {
325 snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt), "%s> ", error_get_progname());
326 }
327
328 return prompt;
329}
330
331static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) readline_printf_func(void *opaque,
332 const char *fmt, ...)
333{
334 va_list ap;
335 va_start(ap, fmt);
336 vprintf(fmt, ap);
337 va_end(ap);
338}
339
340static void readline_flush_func(void *opaque)
341{
342 fflush(stdout);
343}
344
345static void readline_func(void *opaque, const char *str, void *readline_opaque)
346{
347 char **line = readline_opaque;
348 *line = g_strdup(str);
349}
350
351static void completion_match(const char *cmd, void *opaque)
352{
353 readline_add_completion(readline_state, cmd);
354}
355
356static void readline_completion_func(void *opaque, const char *str)
357{
358 readline_set_completion_index(readline_state, strlen(str));
359 qemuio_complete_command(str, completion_match, NULL);
360}
361
362static char *fetchline_readline(void)
363{
364 char *line = NULL;
365
366 readline_start(readline_state, get_prompt(), 0, readline_func, &line);
367 while (!line) {
368 int ch = getchar();
369 if (ttyEOF != 0x0 && ch == ttyEOF) {
370 printf("\n");
371 break;
372 }
373 readline_handle_byte(readline_state, ch);
374 }
375 return line;
376}
377
378#define MAXREADLINESZ 1024
379static char *fetchline_fgets(void)
380{
381 char *p, *line = g_malloc(MAXREADLINESZ);
382
383 if (!fgets(line, MAXREADLINESZ, stdin)) {
384 g_free(line);
385 return NULL;
386 }
387
388 p = line + strlen(line);
389 if (p != line && p[-1] == '\n') {
390 p[-1] = '\0';
391 }
392
393 return line;
394}
395
396static char *fetchline(void)
397{
398 if (readline_state) {
399 return fetchline_readline();
400 } else {
401 return fetchline_fgets();
402 }
403}
404
405static void prep_fetchline(void *opaque)
406{
407 int *fetchable = opaque;
408
409 qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
410 *fetchable= 1;
411}
412
413static int command_loop(void)
414{
415 int i, fetchable = 0, prompted = 0;
416 int ret, last_error = 0;
417 char *input;
418
419 for (i = 0; !quit_qemu_io && i < ncmdline; i++) {
420 ret = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, cmdline[i]);
421 if (ret < 0) {
422 last_error = ret;
423 }
424 }
425 if (cmdline) {
426 g_free(cmdline);
427 return last_error;
428 }
429
430 while (!quit_qemu_io) {
431 if (!prompted) {
432 printf("%s", get_prompt());
433 fflush(stdout);
434 qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, prep_fetchline, NULL, &fetchable);
435 prompted = 1;
436 }
437
438 main_loop_wait(false);
439
440 if (!fetchable) {
441 continue;
442 }
443
444 input = fetchline();
445 if (input == NULL) {
446 break;
447 }
448 ret = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, input);
449 g_free(input);
450
451 if (ret < 0) {
452 last_error = ret;
453 }
454
455 prompted = 0;
456 fetchable = 0;
457 }
458 qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
459
460 return last_error;
461}
462
463static void add_user_command(char *optarg)
464{
465 cmdline = g_renew(char *, cmdline, ++ncmdline);
466 cmdline[ncmdline-1] = optarg;
467}
468
469static void reenable_tty_echo(void)
470{
471 qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, true);
472}
473
474enum {
475 OPTION_OBJECT = 256,
476 OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
477};
478
479static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
480 .name = "object",
481 .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
482 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
483 .desc = {
484 { }
485 },
486};
487
488static bool qemu_io_object_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
489{
490 if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
491 exit(0);
492 }
493 return true;
494}
495
496static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
497 .name = "file",
498 .implied_opt_name = "file",
499 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
500 .desc = {
501
502 { }
503 },
504};
505
506int main(int argc, char **argv)
507{
508 int readonly = 0;
509 const char *sopt = "hVc:d:f:rsnCmki:t:T:U";
510 const struct option lopt[] = {
511 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
512 { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
513 { "cmd", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
514 { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
515 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
516 { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
517 { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
518 { "copy-on-read", no_argument, NULL, 'C' },
519 { "misalign", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
520 { "native-aio", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
521 { "aio", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
522 { "discard", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
523 { "cache", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
524 { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
525 { "object", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_OBJECT },
526 { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS },
527 { "force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
528 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
529 };
530 int c;
531 int opt_index = 0;
532 int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
533 int ret;
534 bool writethrough = true;
535 Error *local_error = NULL;
536 QDict *opts = NULL;
537 const char *format = NULL;
538 char *trace_file = NULL;
539 bool force_share = false;
540
541#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
542 signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
543#endif
544
545 error_init(argv[0]);
546 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
547 qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
548
549 qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
550
551 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
552 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
553 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
554 bdrv_init();
555
556 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
557 switch (c) {
558 case 's':
559 flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
560 break;
561 case 'n':
562 flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
563 writethrough = false;
564 break;
565 case 'C':
566 flags |= BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ;
567 break;
568 case 'd':
569 if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
570 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
571 exit(1);
572 }
573 break;
574 case 'f':
575 format = optarg;
576 break;
577 case 'c':
578 add_user_command(optarg);
579 break;
580 case 'r':
581 readonly = 1;
582 break;
583 case 'm':
584 qemuio_misalign = true;
585 break;
586 case 'k':
587 flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
588 break;
589 case 'i':
590 if (bdrv_parse_aio(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
591 error_report("Invalid aio option: %s", optarg);
592 exit(1);
593 }
594 break;
595 case 't':
596 if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
597 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
598 exit(1);
599 }
600 break;
601 case 'T':
602 g_free(trace_file);
603 trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
604 break;
605 case 'V':
606 printf("%s version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
607 QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n", error_get_progname());
608 exit(0);
609 case 'h':
610 usage(error_get_progname());
611 exit(0);
612 case 'U':
613 force_share = true;
614 break;
615 case OPTION_OBJECT: {
616 QemuOpts *qopts;
617 qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
618 optarg, true);
619 if (!qopts) {
620 exit(1);
621 }
622 } break;
623 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
624 imageOpts = true;
625 break;
626 default:
627 usage(error_get_progname());
628 exit(1);
629 }
630 }
631
632 if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
633 usage(error_get_progname());
634 exit(1);
635 }
636
637 if (format && imageOpts) {
638 error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
639 exit(1);
640 }
641
642 if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
643 error_report_err(local_error);
644 exit(1);
645 }
646
647 qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
648 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
649 qemu_io_object_print_help, &error_fatal);
650
651 if (!trace_init_backends()) {
652 exit(1);
653 }
654 trace_init_file(trace_file);
655 qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
656
657
658 qemuio_add_command(&quit_cmd);
659 qemuio_add_command(&open_cmd);
660 qemuio_add_command(&close_cmd);
661
662 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
663 ttyEOF = get_eof_char();
664 readline_state = readline_init(readline_printf_func,
665 readline_flush_func,
666 NULL,
667 readline_completion_func);
668 qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, false);
669 atexit(reenable_tty_echo);
670 }
671
672
673 if (!readonly) {
674 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
675 }
676
677 if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
678 if (imageOpts) {
679 QemuOpts *qopts = NULL;
680 qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, argv[optind], false);
681 if (!qopts) {
682 exit(1);
683 }
684 opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL);
685 if (openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, force_share, opts)) {
686 exit(1);
687 }
688 } else {
689 if (format) {
690 opts = qdict_new();
691 qdict_put_str(opts, "driver", format);
692 }
693 if (openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough,
694 force_share, opts)) {
695 exit(1);
696 }
697 }
698 }
699 ret = command_loop();
700
701
702
703
704 bdrv_drain_all();
705
706 blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
707 g_free(readline_state);
708
709 if (ret < 0) {
710 return 1;
711 } else {
712 return 0;
713 }
714}
715
