/*
 * QEMU i440FX PCI Bridge Emulation
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qemu/units.h"
#include "qemu/range.h"
#include "hw/i386/pc.h"
#include "hw/pci/pci.h"
#include "hw/pci/pci_host.h"
#include "hw/pci-host/i440fx.h"
#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
#include "hw/sysbus.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "migration/vmstate.h"
#include "qapi/visitor.h"
#include "qemu/error-report.h"

/*
 * I440FX chipset data sheet.
 * https://wiki.qemu.org/File:29054901.pdf
 */

#define I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj) \
    OBJECT_CHECK(I440FXState, (obj), TYPE_I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE)

typedef struct I440FXState {
    PCIHostState parent_obj;
    Range pci_hole;
    uint64_t pci_hole64_size;
    bool pci_hole64_fix;
    uint32_t short_root_bus;
} I440FXState;

#define I440FX_PAM      0x59
#define I440FX_PAM_SIZE 7
#define I440FX_SMRAM    0x72

/* Keep it 2G to comply with older win32 guests */
#define I440FX_PCI_HOST_HOLE64_SIZE_DEFAULT (1ULL << 31)

/* Older coreboot versions (4.0 and older) read a config register that doesn't
 * exist in real hardware, to get the RAM size from QEMU.
 */
#define I440FX_COREBOOT_RAM_SIZE 0x57

static void i440fx_update_memory_mappings(PCII440FXState *d)
{
    int i;
    PCIDevice *pd = PCI_DEVICE(d);

    memory_region_transaction_begin();
    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(d->pam_regions); i++) {
        pam_update(&d->pam_regions[i], i,
                   pd->config[I440FX_PAM + DIV_ROUND_UP(i, 2)]);
    }
    memory_region_set_enabled(&d->smram_region,
                              !(pd->config[I440FX_SMRAM] & SMRAM_D_OPEN));
    memory_region_set_enabled(&d->smram,
                              pd->config[I440FX_SMRAM] & SMRAM_G_SMRAME);
    memory_region_transaction_commit();
}


static void i440fx_write_config(PCIDevice *dev,
                                uint32_t address, uint32_t val, int len)
{
    PCII440FXState *d = I440FX_PCI_DEVICE(dev);

    /* XXX: implement SMRAM.D_LOCK */
    pci_default_write_config(dev, address, val, len);
    if (ranges_overlap(address, len, I440FX_PAM, I440FX_PAM_SIZE) ||
        range_covers_byte(address, len, I440FX_SMRAM)) {
        i440fx_update_memory_mappings(d);
    }
}

static int i440fx_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    PCII440FXState *d = opaque;

    i440fx_update_memory_mappings(d);
    return 0;
}

static const VMStateDescription vmstate_i440fx = {
    .name = "I440FX",
    .version_id = 3,
    .minimum_version_id = 3,
    .post_load = i440fx_post_load,
    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
        VMSTATE_PCI_DEVICE(parent_obj, PCII440FXState),
        /* Used to be smm_enabled, which was basically always zero because
         * SeaBIOS hardly uses SMM.  SMRAM is now handled by CPU code.
         */
        VMSTATE_UNUSED(1),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    }
};

static void i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole_start(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
                                              const char *name, void *opaque,
                                              Error **errp)
{
    I440FXState *s = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);
    uint64_t val64;
    uint32_t value;

    val64 = range_is_empty(&s->pci_hole) ? 0 : range_lob(&s->pci_hole);
    value = val64;
    assert(value == val64);
    visit_type_uint32(v, name, &value, errp);
}

static void i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole_end(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
                                            const char *name, void *opaque,
                                            Error **errp)
{
    I440FXState *s = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);
    uint64_t val64;
    uint32_t value;

    val64 = range_is_empty(&s->pci_hole) ? 0 : range_upb(&s->pci_hole) + 1;
    value = val64;
    assert(value == val64);
    visit_type_uint32(v, name, &value, errp);
}

/*
 * The 64bit PCI hole start is set by the Guest firmware
 * as the address of the first 64bit PCI MEM resource.
 * If no PCI device has resources on the 64bit area,
 * the 64bit PCI hole will start after "over 4G RAM" and the
 * reserved space for memory hotplug if any.
 */
static uint64_t i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_start_value(Object *obj)
{
    PCIHostState *h = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);
    I440FXState *s = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);
    Range w64;
    uint64_t value;

    pci_bus_get_w64_range(h->bus, &w64);
    value = range_is_empty(&w64) ? 0 : range_lob(&w64);
    if (!value && s->pci_hole64_fix) {
        value = pc_pci_hole64_start();
    }
    return value;
}

static void i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_start(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
                                                const char *name,
                                                void *opaque, Error **errp)
{
    uint64_t hole64_start = i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_start_value(obj);

    visit_type_uint64(v, name, &hole64_start, errp);
}

/*
 * The 64bit PCI hole end is set by the Guest firmware
 * as the address of the last 64bit PCI MEM resource.
 * Then it is expanded to the PCI_HOST_PROP_PCI_HOLE64_SIZE
 * that can be configured by the user.
 */
static void i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_end(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
                                              const char *name, void *opaque,
                                              Error **errp)
{
    PCIHostState *h = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);
    I440FXState *s = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);
    uint64_t hole64_start = i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_start_value(obj);
    Range w64;
    uint64_t value, hole64_end;

    pci_bus_get_w64_range(h->bus, &w64);
    value = range_is_empty(&w64) ? 0 : range_upb(&w64) + 1;
    hole64_end = ROUND_UP(hole64_start + s->pci_hole64_size, 1ULL << 30);
    if (s->pci_hole64_fix && value < hole64_end) {
        value = hole64_end;
    }
    visit_type_uint64(v, name, &value, errp);
}

static void i440fx_pcihost_initfn(Object *obj)
{
    PCIHostState *s = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(obj);

    memory_region_init_io(&s->conf_mem, obj, &pci_host_conf_le_ops, s,
                          "pci-conf-idx", 4);
    memory_region_init_io(&s->data_mem, obj, &pci_host_data_le_ops, s,
                          "pci-conf-data", 4);

    object_property_add(obj, PCI_HOST_PROP_PCI_HOLE_START, "uint32",
                        i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole_start,
                        NULL, NULL, NULL);

    object_property_add(obj, PCI_HOST_PROP_PCI_HOLE_END, "uint32",
                        i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole_end,
                        NULL, NULL, NULL);

    object_property_add(obj, PCI_HOST_PROP_PCI_HOLE64_START, "uint64",
                        i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_start,
                        NULL, NULL, NULL);

    object_property_add(obj, PCI_HOST_PROP_PCI_HOLE64_END, "uint64",
                        i440fx_pcihost_get_pci_hole64_end,
                        NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

static void i440fx_pcihost_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    PCIHostState *s = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
    SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);

    sysbus_add_io(sbd, 0xcf8, &s->conf_mem);
    sysbus_init_ioports(sbd, 0xcf8, 4);

    sysbus_add_io(sbd, 0xcfc, &s->data_mem);
    sysbus_init_ioports(sbd, 0xcfc, 4);

    /* register i440fx 0xcf8 port as coalesced pio */
    memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(&s->data_mem);
    memory_region_add_coalescing(&s->conf_mem, 0, 4);
}

static void i440fx_realize(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
{
    dev->config[I440FX_SMRAM] = 0x02;

    if (object_property_get_bool(qdev_get_machine(), "iommu", NULL)) {
        warn_report("i440fx doesn't support emulated iommu");
    }
}

PCIBus *i440fx_init(const char *host_type, const char *pci_type,
                    PCII440FXState **pi440fx_state,
                    MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
                    MemoryRegion *address_space_io,
                    ram_addr_t ram_size,
                    ram_addr_t below_4g_mem_size,
                    ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size,
                    MemoryRegion *pci_address_space,
                    MemoryRegion *ram_memory)
{
    DeviceState *dev;
    PCIBus *b;
    PCIDevice *d;
    PCIHostState *s;
    PCII440FXState *f;
    unsigned i;
    I440FXState *i440fx;

    dev = qdev_new(host_type);
    s = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
    b = pci_root_bus_new(dev, NULL, pci_address_space,
                         address_space_io, 0, TYPE_PCI_BUS);
    s->bus = b;
    object_property_add_child(qdev_get_machine(), "i440fx", OBJECT(dev));
    sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);

    d = pci_create_simple(b, 0, pci_type);
    *pi440fx_state = I440FX_PCI_DEVICE(d);
    f = *pi440fx_state;
    f->system_memory = address_space_mem;
    f->pci_address_space = pci_address_space;
    f->ram_memory = ram_memory;

    i440fx = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
    range_set_bounds(&i440fx->pci_hole, below_4g_mem_size,
                     IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS - 1);

    /* setup pci memory mapping */
    pc_pci_as_mapping_init(OBJECT(f), f->system_memory,
                           f->pci_address_space);

    /* if *disabled* show SMRAM to all CPUs */
    memory_region_init_alias(&f->smram_region, OBJECT(d), "smram-region",
                             f->pci_address_space, 0xa0000, 0x20000);
    memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(f->system_memory, 0xa0000,
                                        &f->smram_region, 1);
    memory_region_set_enabled(&f->smram_region, true);

    /* smram, as seen by SMM CPUs */
    memory_region_init(&f->smram, OBJECT(d), "smram", 4 * GiB);
    memory_region_set_enabled(&f->smram, true);
    memory_region_init_alias(&f->low_smram, OBJECT(d), "smram-low",
                             f->ram_memory, 0xa0000, 0x20000);
    memory_region_set_enabled(&f->low_smram, true);
    memory_region_add_subregion(&f->smram, 0xa0000, &f->low_smram);
    object_property_add_const_link(qdev_get_machine(), "smram",
                                   OBJECT(&f->smram));

    init_pam(dev, f->ram_memory, f->system_memory, f->pci_address_space,
             &f->pam_regions[0], PAM_BIOS_BASE, PAM_BIOS_SIZE);
    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(f->pam_regions) - 1; ++i) {
        init_pam(dev, f->ram_memory, f->system_memory, f->pci_address_space,
                 &f->pam_regions[i+1], PAM_EXPAN_BASE + i * PAM_EXPAN_SIZE,
                 PAM_EXPAN_SIZE);
    }

    ram_size = ram_size / 8 / 1024 / 1024;
    if (ram_size > 255) {
        ram_size = 255;
    }
    d->config[I440FX_COREBOOT_RAM_SIZE] = ram_size;

    i440fx_update_memory_mappings(f);

    return b;
}

PCIBus *find_i440fx(void)
{
    PCIHostState *s = OBJECT_CHECK(PCIHostState,
                                   object_resolve_path("/machine/i440fx", NULL),
                                   TYPE_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE);
    return s ? s->bus : NULL;
}

static void i440fx_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    k->realize = i440fx_realize;
    k->config_write = i440fx_write_config;
    k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL;
    k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82441;
    k->revision = 0x02;
    k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
    dc->desc = "Host bridge";
    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_i440fx;
    /*
     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
     */
    dc->user_creatable = false;
    dc->hotpluggable   = false;
}

static const TypeInfo i440fx_info = {
    .name          = TYPE_I440FX_PCI_DEVICE,
    .parent        = TYPE_PCI_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(PCII440FXState),
    .class_init    = i440fx_class_init,
    .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
        { INTERFACE_CONVENTIONAL_PCI_DEVICE },
        { },
    },
};

static const char *i440fx_pcihost_root_bus_path(PCIHostState *host_bridge,
                                                PCIBus *rootbus)
{
    I440FXState *s = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(host_bridge);

    /* For backwards compat with old device paths */
    if (s->short_root_bus) {
        return "0000";
    }
    return "0000:00";
}

static Property i440fx_props[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_SIZE(PCI_HOST_PROP_PCI_HOLE64_SIZE, I440FXState,
                     pci_hole64_size, I440FX_PCI_HOST_HOLE64_SIZE_DEFAULT),
    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("short_root_bus", I440FXState, short_root_bus, 0),
    DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("x-pci-hole64-fix", I440FXState, pci_hole64_fix, true),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void i440fx_pcihost_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    PCIHostBridgeClass *hc = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE_CLASS(klass);

    hc->root_bus_path = i440fx_pcihost_root_bus_path;
    dc->realize = i440fx_pcihost_realize;
    dc->fw_name = "pci";
    device_class_set_props(dc, i440fx_props);
    /* Reason: needs to be wired up by pc_init1 */
    dc->user_creatable = false;
}

static const TypeInfo i440fx_pcihost_info = {
    .name          = TYPE_I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE,
    .parent        = TYPE_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(I440FXState),
    .instance_init = i440fx_pcihost_initfn,
    .class_init    = i440fx_pcihost_class_init,
};

static void i440fx_register_types(void)
{
    type_register_static(&i440fx_info);
    type_register_static(&i440fx_pcihost_info);
}

type_init(i440fx_register_types)