qemu/hw/i386/pc.c
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   1/*
   2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
   3 *
   4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5 *
   6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12 *
  13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15 *
  16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22 * THE SOFTWARE.
  23 */
  24
  25#include "qemu/osdep.h"
  26#include "qemu/units.h"
  27#include "hw/i386/x86.h"
  28#include "hw/i386/pc.h"
  29#include "hw/char/serial.h"
  30#include "hw/char/parallel.h"
  31#include "hw/i386/apic.h"
  32#include "hw/i386/topology.h"
  33#include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
  34#include "hw/i386/vmport.h"
  35#include "sysemu/cpus.h"
  36#include "hw/block/fdc.h"
  37#include "hw/ide.h"
  38#include "hw/pci/pci.h"
  39#include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
  40#include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h"
  41#include "hw/timer/hpet.h"
  42#include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
  43#include "hw/loader.h"
  44#include "elf.h"
  45#include "migration/vmstate.h"
  46#include "multiboot.h"
  47#include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
  48#include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
  49#include "hw/dma/i8257.h"
  50#include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
  51#include "hw/input/i8042.h"
  52#include "hw/irq.h"
  53#include "hw/audio/pcspk.h"
  54#include "hw/pci/msi.h"
  55#include "hw/sysbus.h"
  56#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
  57#include "sysemu/tcg.h"
  58#include "sysemu/numa.h"
  59#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
  60#include "sysemu/xen.h"
  61#include "sysemu/reset.h"
  62#include "sysemu/runstate.h"
  63#include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
  64#include "hw/xen/xen.h"
  65#include "hw/xen/start_info.h"
  66#include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
  67#include "exec/memory.h"
  68#include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
  69#include "qemu/bitmap.h"
  70#include "qemu/config-file.h"
  71#include "qemu/error-report.h"
  72#include "qemu/option.h"
  73#include "qemu/cutils.h"
  74#include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
  75#include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
  76#include "acpi-build.h"
  77#include "hw/mem/pc-dimm.h"
  78#include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
  79#include "qapi/error.h"
  80#include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
  81#include "qapi/visitor.h"
  82#include "hw/core/cpu.h"
  83#include "hw/usb.h"
  84#include "hw/i386/intel_iommu.h"
  85#include "hw/net/ne2000-isa.h"
  86#include "standard-headers/asm-x86/bootparam.h"
  87#include "hw/virtio/virtio-pmem-pci.h"
  88#include "hw/virtio/virtio-mem-pci.h"
  89#include "hw/mem/memory-device.h"
  90#include "sysemu/replay.h"
  91#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
  92#include "e820_memory_layout.h"
  93#include "fw_cfg.h"
  94#include "trace.h"
  95#include CONFIG_DEVICES
  96
  97GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_0[] = {
  98    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "6" },
  99    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
 100    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "3" },
 101    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-vendor-cpuid-only", "off" },
 102    { "ICH9-LPC", "acpi-pci-hotplug-with-bridge-support", "off" },
 103};
 104const size_t pc_compat_6_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_0);
 105
 106GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_2[] = {
 107    { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotunplug", "off" },
 108};
 109const size_t pc_compat_5_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_2);
 110
 111GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_1[] = {
 112    { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotplug", "off" },
 113    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-msi-ext-dest-id", "off" },
 114};
 115const size_t pc_compat_5_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_1);
 116
 117GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_0[] = {
 118};
 119const size_t pc_compat_5_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_0);
 120
 121GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_2[] = {
 122    { "mch", "smbase-smram", "off" },
 123};
 124const size_t pc_compat_4_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_2);
 125
 126GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_1[] = {};
 127const size_t pc_compat_4_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_1);
 128
 129GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_0[] = {};
 130const size_t pc_compat_4_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_0);
 131
 132GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_1[] = {
 133    { "intel-iommu", "dma-drain", "off" },
 134    { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
 135    { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
 136    { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
 137    { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
 138    { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
 139    { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
 140    { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
 141    { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
 142    { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
 143    { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
 144    { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
 145    { "Skylake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
 146    { "Skylake-Client-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
 147    { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
 148    { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
 149    { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,  "mpx", "on" },
 150    { "Icelake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
 151    { "Icelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
 152    { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "5" },
 153    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-intel-pt-auto-level", "off" },
 154};
 155const size_t pc_compat_3_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_1);
 156
 157GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_0[] = {
 158    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-synic-kvm-only", "on" },
 159    { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
 160    { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
 161};
 162const size_t pc_compat_3_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_0);
 163
 164GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_12[] = {
 165    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "legacy-cache", "on" },
 166    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "topoext", "off" },
 167    { "EPYC-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 168    { "EPYC-IBPB-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 169};
 170const size_t pc_compat_2_12_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_12);
 171
 172GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_11[] = {
 173    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-migrate-smi-count", "off" },
 174    { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "clflushopt", "off" },
 175};
 176const size_t pc_compat_2_11_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_11);
 177
 178GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_10[] = {
 179    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-max-vps", "0x40" },
 180    { "i440FX-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
 181    { "q35-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
 182};
 183const size_t pc_compat_2_10_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_10);
 184
 185GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_9[] = {
 186    { "mch", "extended-tseg-mbytes", "0" },
 187};
 188const size_t pc_compat_2_9_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_9);
 189
 190GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_8[] = {
 191    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "tcg-cpuid", "off" },
 192    { "kvmclock", "x-mach-use-reliable-get-clock", "off" },
 193    { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-broadcast", "off" },
 194    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmware-cpuid-freq", "off" },
 195    { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
 196};
 197const size_t pc_compat_2_8_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_8);
 198
 199GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_7[] = {
 200    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "l3-cache", "off" },
 201    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "full-cpuid-auto-level", "off" },
 202    { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "15" },
 203    { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
 204    { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
 205    { "isa-pcspk", "migrate", "off" },
 206};
 207const size_t pc_compat_2_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_7);
 208
 209GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_6[] = {
 210    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "cpuid-0xb", "off" },
 211    { "vmxnet3", "romfile", "" },
 212    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "fill-mtrr-mask", "off" },
 213    { "apic-common", "legacy-instance-id", "on", }
 214};
 215const size_t pc_compat_2_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_6);
 216
 217GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_5[] = {};
 218const size_t pc_compat_2_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_5);
 219
 220GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_4[] = {
 221    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.4.0")
 222    { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
 223    { "Haswell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
 224    { "Broadwell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
 225    { "Broadwell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
 226    { "host" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "host-cache-info", "on" },
 227    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "check", "off" },
 228    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "sse4a", "on" },
 229    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "on" },
 230    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
 231    { "qemu32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
 232    { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
 233    { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
 234    { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
 235    { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on", }
 236};
 237const size_t pc_compat_2_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_4);
 238
 239GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_3[] = {
 240    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.3.0")
 241    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "arat", "off" },
 242    { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
 243    { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
 244    { "pentium3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
 245    { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
 246    { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
 247    { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
 248    { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
 249    { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 250    { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 251    { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 252    { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 253    { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 254    { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 255    { "IvyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 256    { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 257    { "Haswell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 258    { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 259    { "Broadwell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
 260    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-no-smi-migration", "on" },
 261};
 262const size_t pc_compat_2_3_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_3);
 263
 264GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_2[] = {
 265    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.2.0")
 266    { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 267    { "kvm32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 268    { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 269    { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 270    { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 271    { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 272    { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 273    { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 274    { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 275    { "Opteron_G1" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 276    { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 277    { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 278    { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 279    { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
 280    { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
 281    { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
 282    { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
 283    { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
 284};
 285const size_t pc_compat_2_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_2);
 286
 287GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_1[] = {
 288    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.1.0")
 289    { "coreduo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
 290    { "core2duo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
 291};
 292const size_t pc_compat_2_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_1);
 293
 294GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_0[] = {
 295    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.0.0")
 296    { "virtio-scsi-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
 297    { "PIIX4_PM", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
 298    { "apic", "version", "0x11" },
 299    { "nec-usb-xhci", "superspeed-ports-first", "off" },
 300    { "nec-usb-xhci", "force-pcie-endcap", "on" },
 301    { "pci-serial", "prog_if", "0" },
 302    { "pci-serial-2x", "prog_if", "0" },
 303    { "pci-serial-4x", "prog_if", "0" },
 304    { "virtio-net-pci", "guest_announce", "off" },
 305    { "ICH9-LPC", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
 306    { "xio3130-downstream", COMPAT_PROP_PCP, "off" },
 307    { "ioh3420", COMPAT_PROP_PCP, "off" },
 308};
 309const size_t pc_compat_2_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_0);
 310
 311GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_7[] = {
 312    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.7.0")
 313    { TYPE_USB_DEVICE, "msos-desc", "no" },
 314    { "PIIX4_PM", "acpi-pci-hotplug-with-bridge-support", "off" },
 315    { "hpet", HPET_INTCAP, "4" },
 316};
 317const size_t pc_compat_1_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_7);
 318
 319GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_6[] = {
 320    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.6.0")
 321    { "e1000", "mitigation", "off" },
 322    { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
 323    { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "3" },
 324    { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
 325    { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
 326};
 327const size_t pc_compat_1_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_6);
 328
 329GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_5[] = {
 330    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.5.0")
 331    { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
 332    { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
 333    { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
 334    { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
 335    { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
 336    { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
 337    { "virtio-net-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
 338    { TYPE_X86_CPU, "pmu", "on" },
 339    { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
 340    { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
 341};
 342const size_t pc_compat_1_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_5);
 343
 344GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_4[] = {
 345    PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.4.0")
 346    { "scsi-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
 347    { "scsi-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
 348    { "ide-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
 349    { "ide-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
 350    { "virtio-blk-pci", "discard_granularity", "0" },
 351    /* DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED as a uint32_t string: */
 352    { "virtio-serial-pci", "vectors", "0xFFFFFFFF" },
 353    { "virtio-net-pci", "ctrl_guest_offloads", "off" },
 354    { "e1000", "romfile", "pxe-e1000.rom" },
 355    { "ne2k_pci", "romfile", "pxe-ne2k_pci.rom" },
 356    { "pcnet", "romfile", "pxe-pcnet.rom" },
 357    { "rtl8139", "romfile", "pxe-rtl8139.rom" },
 358    { "virtio-net-pci", "romfile", "pxe-virtio.rom" },
 359    { "486-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "0" },
 360    { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "movbe", "off" },
 361    { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pclmulqdq", "off" },
 362};
 363const size_t pc_compat_1_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_4);
 364
 365GSIState *pc_gsi_create(qemu_irq **irqs, bool pci_enabled)
 366{
 367    GSIState *s;
 368
 369    s = g_new0(GSIState, 1);
 370    if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
 371        kvm_pc_setup_irq_routing(pci_enabled);
 372    }
 373    *irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, s, GSI_NUM_PINS);
 374
 375    return s;
 376}
 377
 378static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
 379                           unsigned size)
 380{
 381}
 382
 383static uint64_t ioport80_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
 384{
 385    return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
 386}
 387
 388/* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
 389static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
 390                           unsigned size)
 391{
 392    if (tcg_enabled()) {
 393        cpu_set_ignne();
 394    }
 395}
 396
 397static uint64_t ioportF0_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
 398{
 399    return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
 400}
 401
 402/* PC cmos mappings */
 403
 404#define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
 405
 406static void cmos_init_hd(ISADevice *s, int type_ofs, int info_ofs,
 407                         int16_t cylinders, int8_t heads, int8_t sectors)
 408{
 409    rtc_set_memory(s, type_ofs, 47);
 410    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
 411    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
 412    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
 413    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
 414    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
 415    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
 416    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
 417    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
 418    rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
 419}
 420
 421/* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
 422static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
 423{
 424    switch(boot_device) {
 425    case 'a':
 426    case 'b':
 427        return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
 428    case 'c':
 429        return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
 430    case 'd':
 431        return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
 432    case 'n':
 433        return 0x04; /* Network boot */
 434    }
 435    return 0;
 436}
 437
 438static void set_boot_dev(ISADevice *s, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
 439{
 440#define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
 441    int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
 442    int i;
 443
 444    nbds = strlen(boot_device);
 445    if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
 446        error_setg(errp, "Too many boot devices for PC");
 447        return;
 448    }
 449    for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
 450        bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
 451        if (bds[i] == 0) {
 452            error_setg(errp, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'",
 453                       boot_device[i]);
 454            return;
 455        }
 456    }
 457    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
 458    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ? 0x0 : 0x1));
 459}
 460
 461static void pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
 462{
 463    set_boot_dev(opaque, boot_device, errp);
 464}
 465
 466static void pc_cmos_init_floppy(ISADevice *rtc_state, ISADevice *floppy)
 467{
 468    int val, nb, i;
 469    FloppyDriveType fd_type[2] = { FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE,
 470                                   FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE };
 471
 472    /* floppy type */
 473    if (floppy) {
 474        for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 475            fd_type[i] = isa_fdc_get_drive_type(floppy, i);
 476        }
 477    }
 478    val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[0]) << 4) |
 479        cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[1]);
 480    rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, 0x10, val);
 481
 482    val = rtc_get_memory(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE);
 483    nb = 0;
 484    if (fd_type[0] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
 485        nb++;
 486    }
 487    if (fd_type[1] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
 488        nb++;
 489    }
 490    switch (nb) {
 491    case 0:
 492        break;
 493    case 1:
 494        val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
 495        break;
 496    case 2:
 497        val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
 498        break;
 499    }
 500    rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
 501}
 502
 503typedef struct pc_cmos_init_late_arg {
 504    ISADevice *rtc_state;
 505    BusState *idebus[2];
 506} pc_cmos_init_late_arg;
 507
 508typedef struct check_fdc_state {
 509    ISADevice *floppy;
 510    bool multiple;
 511} CheckFdcState;
 512
 513static int check_fdc(Object *obj, void *opaque)
 514{
 515    CheckFdcState *state = opaque;
 516    Object *fdc;
 517    uint32_t iobase;
 518    Error *local_err = NULL;
 519
 520    fdc = object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ISA_FDC);
 521    if (!fdc) {
 522        return 0;
 523    }
 524
 525    iobase = object_property_get_uint(obj, "iobase", &local_err);
 526    if (local_err || iobase != 0x3f0) {
 527        error_free(local_err);
 528        return 0;
 529    }
 530
 531    if (state->floppy) {
 532        state->multiple = true;
 533    } else {
 534        state->floppy = ISA_DEVICE(obj);
 535    }
 536    return 0;
 537}
 538
 539static const char * const fdc_container_path[] = {
 540    "/unattached", "/peripheral", "/peripheral-anon"
 541};
 542
 543/*
 544 * Locate the FDC at IO address 0x3f0, in order to configure the CMOS registers
 545 * and ACPI objects.
 546 */
 547ISADevice *pc_find_fdc0(void)
 548{
 549    int i;
 550    Object *container;
 551    CheckFdcState state = { 0 };
 552
 553    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fdc_container_path); i++) {
 554        container = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), fdc_container_path[i]);
 555        object_child_foreach(container, check_fdc, &state);
 556    }
 557
 558    if (state.multiple) {
 559        warn_report("multiple floppy disk controllers with "
 560                    "iobase=0x3f0 have been found");
 561        error_printf("the one being picked for CMOS setup might not reflect "
 562                     "your intent");
 563    }
 564
 565    return state.floppy;
 566}
 567
 568static void pc_cmos_init_late(void *opaque)
 569{
 570    pc_cmos_init_late_arg *arg = opaque;
 571    ISADevice *s = arg->rtc_state;
 572    int16_t cylinders;
 573    int8_t heads, sectors;
 574    int val;
 575    int i, trans;
 576
 577    val = 0;
 578    if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 0,
 579                                           &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
 580        cmos_init_hd(s, 0x19, 0x1b, cylinders, heads, sectors);
 581        val |= 0xf0;
 582    }
 583    if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 1,
 584                                           &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
 585        cmos_init_hd(s, 0x1a, 0x24, cylinders, heads, sectors);
 586        val |= 0x0f;
 587    }
 588    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x12, val);
 589
 590    val = 0;
 591    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 592        /* NOTE: ide_get_geometry() returns the physical
 593           geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
 594           <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
 595           geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
 596        if (arg->idebus[i / 2] &&
 597            ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2,
 598                             &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
 599            trans = ide_get_bios_chs_trans(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2) - 1;
 600            assert((trans & ~3) == 0);
 601            val |= trans << (i * 2);
 602        }
 603    }
 604    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x39, val);
 605
 606    pc_cmos_init_floppy(s, pc_find_fdc0());
 607
 608    qemu_unregister_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, opaque);
 609}
 610
 611void pc_cmos_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
 612                  BusState *idebus0, BusState *idebus1,
 613                  ISADevice *s)
 614{
 615    int val;
 616    static pc_cmos_init_late_arg arg;
 617    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
 618
 619    /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
 620
 621    /* memory size */
 622    /* base memory (first MiB) */
 623    val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
 624    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
 625    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
 626    /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
 627    if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
 628        val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
 629    } else {
 630        val = 0;
 631    }
 632    if (val > 65535)
 633        val = 65535;
 634    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
 635    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
 636    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
 637    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
 638    /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
 639    if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
 640        val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
 641    } else {
 642        val = 0;
 643    }
 644    if (val > 65535)
 645        val = 65535;
 646    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
 647    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
 648    /* memory above 4GiB */
 649    val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
 650    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5b, val);
 651    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
 652    rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
 653
 654    object_property_add_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state",
 655                             TYPE_ISA_DEVICE,
 656                             (Object **)&x86ms->rtc,
 657                             object_property_allow_set_link,
 658                             OBJ_PROP_LINK_STRONG);
 659    object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state", OBJECT(s),
 660                             &error_abort);
 661
 662    set_boot_dev(s, MACHINE(pcms)->boot_order, &error_fatal);
 663
 664    val = 0;
 665    val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
 666    val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
 667    rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
 668
 669    /* hard drives and FDC */
 670    arg.rtc_state = s;
 671    arg.idebus[0] = idebus0;
 672    arg.idebus[1] = idebus1;
 673    qemu_register_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, &arg);
 674}
 675
 676static void handle_a20_line_change(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
 677{
 678    X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
 679
 680    /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
 681    /* XXX: add logic to handle multiple A20 line sources */
 682    x86_cpu_set_a20(cpu, level);
 683}
 684
 685#define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
 686
 687static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
 688                                              0x280, 0x380 };
 689static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
 690
 691void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
 692{
 693    static int nb_ne2k = 0;
 694
 695    if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
 696        return;
 697    isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
 698                    ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
 699    nb_ne2k++;
 700}
 701
 702void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
 703{
 704    X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
 705
 706    if (level) {
 707        cpu_interrupt(CPU(cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SMI);
 708    }
 709}
 710
 711/*
 712 * This function is very similar to smp_parse()
 713 * in hw/core/machine.c but includes CPU die support.
 714 */
 715static void pc_smp_parse(MachineState *ms, SMPConfiguration *config, Error **errp)
 716{
 717    unsigned cpus    = config->has_cpus ? config->cpus : 0;
 718    unsigned sockets = config->has_sockets ? config->sockets : 0;
 719    unsigned dies    = config->has_dies ? config->dies : 1;
 720    unsigned cores   = config->has_cores ? config->cores : 0;
 721    unsigned threads = config->has_threads ? config->threads : 0;
 722
 723    /* compute missing values, prefer sockets over cores over threads */
 724    if (cpus == 0 || sockets == 0) {
 725        cores = cores > 0 ? cores : 1;
 726        threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
 727        if (cpus == 0) {
 728            sockets = sockets > 0 ? sockets : 1;
 729            cpus = cores * threads * dies * sockets;
 730        } else {
 731            ms->smp.max_cpus = config->has_maxcpus ? config->maxcpus : cpus;
 732            sockets = ms->smp.max_cpus / (cores * threads * dies);
 733        }
 734    } else if (cores == 0) {
 735        threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
 736        cores = cpus / (sockets * dies * threads);
 737        cores = cores > 0 ? cores : 1;
 738    } else if (threads == 0) {
 739        threads = cpus / (cores * dies * sockets);
 740        threads = threads > 0 ? threads : 1;
 741    } else if (sockets * dies * cores * threads < cpus) {
 742        error_setg(errp, "cpu topology: "
 743                   "sockets (%u) * dies (%u) * cores (%u) * threads (%u) < "
 744                   "smp_cpus (%u)",
 745                   sockets, dies, cores, threads, cpus);
 746        return;
 747    }
 748
 749    ms->smp.max_cpus = config->has_maxcpus ? config->maxcpus : cpus;
 750
 751    if (ms->smp.max_cpus < cpus) {
 752        error_setg(errp, "maxcpus must be equal to or greater than smp");
 753        return;
 754    }
 755
 756    if (sockets * dies * cores * threads != ms->smp.max_cpus) {
 757        error_setg(errp, "Invalid CPU topology deprecated: "
 758                   "sockets (%u) * dies (%u) * cores (%u) * threads (%u) "
 759                   "!= maxcpus (%u)",
 760                   sockets, dies, cores, threads,
 761                   ms->smp.max_cpus);
 762        return;
 763    }
 764
 765    ms->smp.cpus = cpus;
 766    ms->smp.cores = cores;
 767    ms->smp.threads = threads;
 768    ms->smp.sockets = sockets;
 769    ms->smp.dies = dies;
 770}
 771
 772static
 773void pc_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
 774{
 775    PCMachineState *pcms = container_of(notifier,
 776                                        PCMachineState, machine_done);
 777    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
 778
 779    /* set the number of CPUs */
 780    x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
 781
 782    fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(pcms->bus, x86ms->fw_cfg);
 783
 784    acpi_setup();
 785    if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
 786        fw_cfg_build_smbios(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
 787        fw_cfg_build_feature_control(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
 788        /* update FW_CFG_NB_CPUS to account for -device added CPUs */
 789        fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
 790    }
 791
 792
 793    if (x86ms->apic_id_limit > 255 && !xen_enabled() &&
 794        !kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
 795        error_report("current -smp configuration requires kernel "
 796                     "irqchip support.");
 797        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 798    }
 799}
 800
 801void pc_guest_info_init(PCMachineState *pcms)
 802{
 803    int i;
 804    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
 805    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
 806
 807    x86ms->apic_xrupt_override = true;
 808    pcms->numa_nodes = ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
 809    pcms->node_mem = g_malloc0(pcms->numa_nodes *
 810                                    sizeof *pcms->node_mem);
 811    for (i = 0; i < ms->numa_state->num_nodes; i++) {
 812        pcms->node_mem[i] = ms->numa_state->nodes[i].node_mem;
 813    }
 814
 815    pcms->machine_done.notify = pc_machine_done;
 816    qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&pcms->machine_done);
 817}
 818
 819/* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
 820void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(Object *owner, MemoryRegion *system_memory,
 821                            MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
 822{
 823    /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
 824    memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
 825                                        pci_address_space, -1);
 826}
 827
 828void xen_load_linux(PCMachineState *pcms)
 829{
 830    int i;
 831    FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
 832    PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
 833    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
 834
 835    assert(MACHINE(pcms)->kernel_filename != NULL);
 836
 837    fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io(FW_CFG_IO_BASE);
 838    fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
 839    rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
 840
 841    x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
 842                   pcmc->pvh_enabled, pcmc->linuxboot_dma_enabled);
 843    for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
 844        assert(!strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot.bin") ||
 845               !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot_dma.bin") ||
 846               !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "pvh.bin") ||
 847               !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot.bin"));
 848        rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
 849    }
 850    x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
 851}
 852
 853void pc_memory_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
 854                    MemoryRegion *system_memory,
 855                    MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
 856                    MemoryRegion **ram_memory)
 857{
 858    int linux_boot, i;
 859    MemoryRegion *option_rom_mr;
 860    MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
 861    FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
 862    MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
 863    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
 864    PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
 865    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
 866
 867    assert(machine->ram_size == x86ms->below_4g_mem_size +
 868                                x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
 869
 870    linux_boot = (machine->kernel_filename != NULL);
 871
 872    /*
 873     * Split single memory region and use aliases to address portions of it,
 874     * done for backwards compatibility with older qemus.
 875     */
 876    *ram_memory = machine->ram;
 877    ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
 878    memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
 879                             0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
 880    memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
 881    e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
 882    if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
 883        ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
 884        memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
 885                                 machine->ram,
 886                                 x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
 887                                 x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
 888        memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x100000000ULL,
 889                                    ram_above_4g);
 890        e820_add_entry(0x100000000ULL, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
 891    }
 892
 893    if (!pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
 894        (machine->ram_slots ||
 895         (machine->maxram_size > machine->ram_size))) {
 896
 897        error_report("\"-memory 'slots|maxmem'\" is not supported by: %s",
 898                     mc->name);
 899        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 900    }
 901
 902    /* always allocate the device memory information */
 903    machine->device_memory = g_malloc0(sizeof(*machine->device_memory));
 904
 905    /* initialize device memory address space */
 906    if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
 907        (machine->ram_size < machine->maxram_size)) {
 908        ram_addr_t device_mem_size = machine->maxram_size - machine->ram_size;
 909
 910        if (machine->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
 911            error_report("unsupported amount of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
 912                         machine->ram_slots);
 913            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 914        }
 915
 916        if (QEMU_ALIGN_UP(machine->maxram_size,
 917                          TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != machine->maxram_size) {
 918            error_report("maximum memory size must by aligned to multiple of "
 919                         "%d bytes", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
 920            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 921        }
 922
 923        machine->device_memory->base =
 924            ROUND_UP(0x100000000ULL + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size, 1 * GiB);
 925
 926        if (pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm) {
 927            /* size device region assuming 1G page max alignment per slot */
 928            device_mem_size += (1 * GiB) * machine->ram_slots;
 929        }
 930
 931        if ((machine->device_memory->base + device_mem_size) <
 932            device_mem_size) {
 933            error_report("unsupported amount of maximum memory: " RAM_ADDR_FMT,
 934                         machine->maxram_size);
 935            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 936        }
 937
 938        memory_region_init(&machine->device_memory->mr, OBJECT(pcms),
 939                           "device-memory", device_mem_size);
 940        memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, machine->device_memory->base,
 941                                    &machine->device_memory->mr);
 942    }
 943
 944    /* Initialize PC system firmware */
 945    pc_system_firmware_init(pcms, rom_memory);
 946
 947    option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
 948    memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE,
 949                           &error_fatal);
 950    if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
 951        memory_region_set_readonly(option_rom_mr, true);
 952    }
 953    memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
 954                                        PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
 955                                        option_rom_mr,
 956                                        1);
 957
 958    fw_cfg = fw_cfg_arch_create(machine,
 959                                x86ms->boot_cpus, x86ms->apic_id_limit);
 960
 961    rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
 962
 963    if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && machine->device_memory->base) {
 964        uint64_t *val = g_malloc(sizeof(*val));
 965        PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
 966        uint64_t res_mem_end = machine->device_memory->base;
 967
 968        if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
 969            res_mem_end += memory_region_size(&machine->device_memory->mr);
 970        }
 971        *val = cpu_to_le64(ROUND_UP(res_mem_end, 1 * GiB));
 972        fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/reserved-memory-end", val, sizeof(*val));
 973    }
 974
 975    if (linux_boot) {
 976        x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
 977                       pcmc->pvh_enabled, pcmc->linuxboot_dma_enabled);
 978    }
 979
 980    for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
 981        rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
 982    }
 983    x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
 984
 985    /* Init default IOAPIC address space */
 986    x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
 987
 988    /* Init ACPI memory hotplug IO base address */
 989    pcms->memhp_io_base = ACPI_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_BASE;
 990}
 991
 992/*
 993 * The 64bit pci hole starts after "above 4G RAM" and
 994 * potentially the space reserved for memory hotplug.
 995 */
 996uint64_t pc_pci_hole64_start(void)
 997{
 998    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
 999    PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1000    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
1001    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
1002    uint64_t hole64_start = 0;
1003
1004    if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && ms->device_memory->base) {
1005        hole64_start = ms->device_memory->base;
1006        if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1007            hole64_start += memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
1008        }
1009    } else {
1010        hole64_start = 0x100000000ULL + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
1011    }
1012
1013    return ROUND_UP(hole64_start, 1 * GiB);
1014}
1015
1016DeviceState *pc_vga_init(ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1017{
1018    DeviceState *dev = NULL;
1019
1020    rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_VGA);
1021    if (pci_bus) {
1022        PCIDevice *pcidev = pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
1023        dev = pcidev ? &pcidev->qdev : NULL;
1024    } else if (isa_bus) {
1025        ISADevice *isadev = isa_vga_init(isa_bus);
1026        dev = isadev ? DEVICE(isadev) : NULL;
1027    }
1028    rom_reset_order_override();
1029    return dev;
1030}
1031
1032static const MemoryRegionOps ioport80_io_ops = {
1033    .write = ioport80_write,
1034    .read = ioport80_read,
1035    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1036    .impl = {
1037        .min_access_size = 1,
1038        .max_access_size = 1,
1039    },
1040};
1041
1042static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
1043    .write = ioportF0_write,
1044    .read = ioportF0_read,
1045    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1046    .impl = {
1047        .min_access_size = 1,
1048        .max_access_size = 1,
1049    },
1050};
1051
1052static void pc_superio_init(ISABus *isa_bus, bool create_fdctrl, bool no_vmport)
1053{
1054    int i;
1055    DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
1056    qemu_irq *a20_line;
1057    ISADevice *fdc, *i8042, *port92, *vmmouse;
1058
1059    serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, MAX_ISA_SERIAL_PORTS);
1060    parallel_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS);
1061
1062    for (i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1063        fd[i] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1064        create_fdctrl |= !!fd[i];
1065    }
1066    if (create_fdctrl) {
1067        fdc = isa_new(TYPE_ISA_FDC);
1068        if (fdc) {
1069            isa_realize_and_unref(fdc, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1070            isa_fdc_init_drives(fdc, fd);
1071        }
1072    }
1073
1074    i8042 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, "i8042");
1075    if (!no_vmport) {
1076        isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_VMPORT);
1077        vmmouse = isa_try_new("vmmouse");
1078    } else {
1079        vmmouse = NULL;
1080    }
1081    if (vmmouse) {
1082        object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vmmouse), "i8042", OBJECT(i8042),
1083                                 &error_abort);
1084        isa_realize_and_unref(vmmouse, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1085    }
1086    port92 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_PORT92);
1087
1088    a20_line = qemu_allocate_irqs(handle_a20_line_change, first_cpu, 2);
1089    i8042_setup_a20_line(i8042, a20_line[0]);
1090    qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(port92),
1091                                PORT92_A20_LINE, 0, a20_line[1]);
1092    g_free(a20_line);
1093}
1094
1095void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
1096                          ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
1097                          ISADevice **rtc_state,
1098                          bool create_fdctrl,
1099                          uint32_t hpet_irqs)
1100{
1101    int i;
1102    DeviceState *hpet = NULL;
1103    int pit_isa_irq = 0;
1104    qemu_irq pit_alt_irq = NULL;
1105    qemu_irq rtc_irq = NULL;
1106    ISADevice *pit = NULL;
1107    MemoryRegion *ioport80_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1108    MemoryRegion *ioportF0_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1109
1110    memory_region_init_io(ioport80_io, NULL, &ioport80_io_ops, NULL, "ioport80", 1);
1111    memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0x80, ioport80_io);
1112
1113    memory_region_init_io(ioportF0_io, NULL, &ioportF0_io_ops, NULL, "ioportF0", 1);
1114    memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0xf0, ioportF0_io);
1115
1116    /*
1117     * Check if an HPET shall be created.
1118     *
1119     * Without KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2, we cannot switch off the in-kernel PIT
1120     * when the HPET wants to take over. Thus we have to disable the latter.
1121     */
1122    if (pcms->hpet_enabled && (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() ||
1123                               kvm_has_pit_state2())) {
1124        hpet = qdev_try_new(TYPE_HPET);
1125        if (!hpet) {
1126            error_report("couldn't create HPET device");
1127            exit(1);
1128        }
1129        /*
1130         * For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-1.7 and
1131         * earlier, use IRQ2 for compat. Otherwise, use IRQ16~23, IRQ8 and
1132         * IRQ2.
1133         */
1134        uint8_t compat = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(hpet),
1135                HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
1136        if (!compat) {
1137            qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
1138        }
1139        sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), &error_fatal);
1140        sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
1141
1142        for (i = 0; i < GSI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
1143            sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
1144        }
1145        pit_isa_irq = -1;
1146        pit_alt_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_PIT_INT);
1147        rtc_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_RTC_INT);
1148    }
1149    *rtc_state = mc146818_rtc_init(isa_bus, 2000, rtc_irq);
1150
1151    qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, *rtc_state);
1152
1153    if (!xen_enabled() && pcms->pit_enabled) {
1154        if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
1155            pit = kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
1156        } else {
1157            pit = i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, pit_isa_irq, pit_alt_irq);
1158        }
1159        if (hpet) {
1160            /* connect PIT to output control line of the HPET */
1161            qdev_connect_gpio_out(hpet, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(pit), 0));
1162        }
1163        pcspk_init(pcms->pcspk, isa_bus, pit);
1164    }
1165
1166    i8257_dma_init(isa_bus, 0);
1167
1168    /* Super I/O */
1169    pc_superio_init(isa_bus, create_fdctrl, pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
1170}
1171
1172void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1173{
1174    int i;
1175
1176    rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
1177    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1178        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1179        const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : pcmc->default_nic_model;
1180
1181        if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
1182            pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
1183        } else {
1184            pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
1185        }
1186    }
1187    rom_reset_order_override();
1188}
1189
1190void pc_i8259_create(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *i8259_irqs)
1191{
1192    qemu_irq *i8259;
1193
1194    if (kvm_pic_in_kernel()) {
1195        i8259 = kvm_i8259_init(isa_bus);
1196    } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1197        i8259 = xen_interrupt_controller_init();
1198    } else {
1199        i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
1200    }
1201
1202    for (size_t i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1203        i8259_irqs[i] = i8259[i];
1204    }
1205
1206    g_free(i8259);
1207}
1208
1209static void pc_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
1210                               Error **errp)
1211{
1212    const PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1213    const X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1214    const PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1215    const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1216    const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1217    const uint64_t legacy_align = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
1218    Error *local_err = NULL;
1219
1220    /*
1221     * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1222     * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1223     * addition to cover this case.
1224     */
1225    if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1226        error_setg(errp,
1227                   "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1228        return;
1229    }
1230
1231    if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
1232        error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: missing 'nvdimm' in '-M'");
1233        return;
1234    }
1235
1236    hotplug_handler_pre_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1237    if (local_err) {
1238        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1239        return;
1240    }
1241
1242    pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1243                     pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm ? NULL : &legacy_align, errp);
1244}
1245
1246static void pc_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1247                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1248{
1249    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1250    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1251    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1252    bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1253
1254    pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1255
1256    if (is_nvdimm) {
1257        nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
1258    }
1259
1260    hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &error_abort);
1261}
1262
1263static void pc_memory_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1264                                     DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1265{
1266    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1267
1268    /*
1269     * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1270     * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1271     * addition to cover this case.
1272     */
1273    if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1274        error_setg(errp,
1275                   "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1276        return;
1277    }
1278
1279    if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
1280        error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
1281        return;
1282    }
1283
1284    hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
1285                                   errp);
1286}
1287
1288static void pc_memory_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1289                             DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1290{
1291    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1292    X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1293    Error *local_err = NULL;
1294
1295    hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1296    if (local_err) {
1297        goto out;
1298    }
1299
1300    pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1301    qdev_unrealize(dev);
1302 out:
1303    error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1304}
1305
1306static void pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1307                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1308{
1309    HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1310    Error *local_err = NULL;
1311
1312    if (!hotplug_dev2 && dev->hotplugged) {
1313        /*
1314         * Without a bus hotplug handler, we cannot control the plug/unplug
1315         * order. We should never reach this point when hotplugging on x86,
1316         * however, better add a safety net.
1317         */
1318        error_setg(errp, "hotplug of virtio based memory devices not supported"
1319                   " on this bus.");
1320        return;
1321    }
1322    /*
1323     * First, see if we can plug this memory device at all. If that
1324     * succeeds, branch of to the actual hotplug handler.
1325     */
1326    memory_device_pre_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL,
1327                           &local_err);
1328    if (!local_err && hotplug_dev2) {
1329        hotplug_handler_pre_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1330    }
1331    error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1332}
1333
1334static void pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1335                                  DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1336{
1337    HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1338    Error *local_err = NULL;
1339
1340    /*
1341     * Plug the memory device first and then branch off to the actual
1342     * hotplug handler. If that one fails, we can easily undo the memory
1343     * device bits.
1344     */
1345    memory_device_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1346    if (hotplug_dev2) {
1347        hotplug_handler_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1348        if (local_err) {
1349            memory_device_unplug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1350        }
1351    }
1352    error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1353}
1354
1355static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1356                                            DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1357{
1358    /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1359    error_setg(errp, "virtio based memory devices cannot be unplugged.");
1360}
1361
1362static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1363                                    DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1364{
1365    /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1366}
1367
1368static void pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1369                                          DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1370{
1371    if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1372        pc_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1373    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1374        x86_cpu_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1375    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1376               object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1377        pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1378    }
1379}
1380
1381static void pc_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1382                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1383{
1384    if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1385        pc_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1386    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1387        x86_cpu_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1388    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1389               object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1390        pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1391    }
1392}
1393
1394static void pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1395                                                DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1396{
1397    if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1398        pc_memory_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1399    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1400        x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1401    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1402               object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1403        pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1404    } else {
1405        error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug request for not supported device"
1406                   " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1407    }
1408}
1409
1410static void pc_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1411                                        DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1412{
1413    if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1414        pc_memory_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1415    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1416        x86_cpu_unplug_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1417    } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1418               object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1419        pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1420    } else {
1421        error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug for not supported device"
1422                   " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1423    }
1424}
1425
1426static HotplugHandler *pc_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
1427                                             DeviceState *dev)
1428{
1429    if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
1430        object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU) ||
1431        object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1432        object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1433        return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
1434    }
1435
1436    return NULL;
1437}
1438
1439static void
1440pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1441                                         const char *name, void *opaque,
1442                                         Error **errp)
1443{
1444    MachineState *ms = MACHINE(obj);
1445    int64_t value = 0;
1446
1447    if (ms->device_memory) {
1448        value = memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
1449    }
1450
1451    visit_type_int(v, name, &value, errp);
1452}
1453
1454static void pc_machine_get_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1455                                  void *opaque, Error **errp)
1456{
1457    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1458    OnOffAuto vmport = pcms->vmport;
1459
1460    visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vmport, errp);
1461}
1462
1463static void pc_machine_set_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1464                                  void *opaque, Error **errp)
1465{
1466    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1467
1468    visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pcms->vmport, errp);
1469}
1470
1471static bool pc_machine_get_smbus(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1472{
1473    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1474
1475    return pcms->smbus_enabled;
1476}
1477
1478static void pc_machine_set_smbus(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1479{
1480    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1481
1482    pcms->smbus_enabled = value;
1483}
1484
1485static bool pc_machine_get_sata(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1486{
1487    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1488
1489    return pcms->sata_enabled;
1490}
1491
1492static void pc_machine_set_sata(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1493{
1494    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1495
1496    pcms->sata_enabled = value;
1497}
1498
1499static bool pc_machine_get_pit(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1500{
1501    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1502
1503    return pcms->pit_enabled;
1504}
1505
1506static void pc_machine_set_pit(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1507{
1508    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1509
1510    pcms->pit_enabled = value;
1511}
1512
1513static bool pc_machine_get_hpet(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1514{
1515    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1516
1517    return pcms->hpet_enabled;
1518}
1519
1520static void pc_machine_set_hpet(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1521{
1522    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1523
1524    pcms->hpet_enabled = value;
1525}
1526
1527static bool pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1528{
1529    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1530
1531    return pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
1532}
1533
1534static void pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, bool value,
1535                                                    Error **errp)
1536{
1537    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1538
1539    pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = value;
1540}
1541
1542static void pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1543                                            const char *name, void *opaque,
1544                                            Error **errp)
1545{
1546    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1547    uint64_t value = pcms->max_ram_below_4g;
1548
1549    visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1550}
1551
1552static void pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1553                                            const char *name, void *opaque,
1554                                            Error **errp)
1555{
1556    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1557    uint64_t value;
1558
1559    if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1560        return;
1561    }
1562    if (value > 4 * GiB) {
1563        error_setg(errp,
1564                   "Machine option 'max-ram-below-4g=%"PRIu64
1565                   "' expects size less than or equal to 4G", value);
1566        return;
1567    }
1568
1569    if (value < 1 * MiB) {
1570        warn_report("Only %" PRIu64 " bytes of RAM below the 4GiB boundary,"
1571                    "BIOS may not work with less than 1MiB", value);
1572    }
1573
1574    pcms->max_ram_below_4g = value;
1575}
1576
1577static void pc_machine_get_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1578                                       const char *name, void *opaque,
1579                                       Error **errp)
1580{
1581    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1582    uint64_t value = pcms->max_fw_size;
1583
1584    visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1585}
1586
1587static void pc_machine_set_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1588                                       const char *name, void *opaque,
1589                                       Error **errp)
1590{
1591    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1592    Error *error = NULL;
1593    uint64_t value;
1594
1595    visit_type_size(v, name, &value, &error);
1596    if (error) {
1597        error_propagate(errp, error);
1598        return;
1599    }
1600
1601    /*
1602    * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
1603    * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
1604    * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
1605    * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
1606    * size.
1607    */
1608    if (value > 16 * MiB) {
1609        error_setg(errp,
1610                   "User specified max allowed firmware size %" PRIu64 " is "
1611                   "greater than 16MiB. If combined firwmare size exceeds "
1612                   "16MiB the system may not boot, or experience intermittent"
1613                   "stability issues.",
1614                   value);
1615        return;
1616    }
1617
1618    pcms->max_fw_size = value;
1619}
1620
1621
1622static void pc_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1623{
1624    PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1625
1626#ifdef CONFIG_VMPORT
1627    pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1628#else
1629    pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF;
1630#endif /* CONFIG_VMPORT */
1631    pcms->max_ram_below_4g = 0; /* use default */
1632    /* acpi build is enabled by default if machine supports it */
1633    pcms->acpi_build_enabled = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms)->has_acpi_build;
1634    pcms->smbus_enabled = true;
1635    pcms->sata_enabled = true;
1636    pcms->pit_enabled = true;
1637    pcms->max_fw_size = 8 * MiB;
1638#ifdef CONFIG_HPET
1639    pcms->hpet_enabled = true;
1640#endif
1641    pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = false;
1642
1643    pc_system_flash_create(pcms);
1644    pcms->pcspk = isa_new(TYPE_PC_SPEAKER);
1645    object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "pcspk-audiodev",
1646                              OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "audiodev");
1647}
1648
1649static void pc_machine_reset(MachineState *machine)
1650{
1651    CPUState *cs;
1652    X86CPU *cpu;
1653
1654    qemu_devices_reset();
1655
1656    /* Reset APIC after devices have been reset to cancel
1657     * any changes that qemu_devices_reset() might have done.
1658     */
1659    CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
1660        cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
1661
1662        if (cpu->apic_state) {
1663            device_legacy_reset(cpu->apic_state);
1664        }
1665    }
1666}
1667
1668static void pc_machine_wakeup(MachineState *machine)
1669{
1670    cpu_synchronize_all_states();
1671    pc_machine_reset(machine);
1672    cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset();
1673}
1674
1675static bool pc_hotplug_allowed(MachineState *ms, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1676{
1677    X86IOMMUState *iommu = x86_iommu_get_default();
1678    IntelIOMMUState *intel_iommu;
1679
1680    if (iommu &&
1681        object_dynamic_cast((Object *)iommu, TYPE_INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE) &&
1682        object_dynamic_cast((Object *)dev, "vfio-pci")) {
1683        intel_iommu = INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE(iommu);
1684        if (!intel_iommu->caching_mode) {
1685            error_setg(errp, "Device assignment is not allowed without "
1686                       "enabling caching-mode=on for Intel IOMMU.");
1687            return false;
1688        }
1689    }
1690
1691    return true;
1692}
1693
1694static void pc_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1695{
1696    MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1697    PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1698    HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
1699
1700    pcmc->pci_enabled = true;
1701    pcmc->has_acpi_build = true;
1702    pcmc->rsdp_in_ram = true;
1703    pcmc->smbios_defaults = true;
1704    pcmc->smbios_uuid_encoded = true;
1705    pcmc->gigabyte_align = true;
1706    pcmc->has_reserved_memory = true;
1707    pcmc->kvmclock_enabled = true;
1708    pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm = true;
1709    /* BIOS ACPI tables: 128K. Other BIOS datastructures: less than 4K reported
1710     * to be used at the moment, 32K should be enough for a while.  */
1711    pcmc->acpi_data_size = 0x20000 + 0x8000;
1712    pcmc->linuxboot_dma_enabled = true;
1713    pcmc->pvh_enabled = true;
1714    pcmc->kvmclock_create_always = true;
1715    assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
1716    mc->get_hotplug_handler = pc_get_hotplug_handler;
1717    mc->hotplug_allowed = pc_hotplug_allowed;
1718    mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1719    mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1720    mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1721    mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
1722    mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
1723    mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = true;
1724    mc->default_boot_order = "cad";
1725    mc->smp_parse = pc_smp_parse;
1726    mc->block_default_type = IF_IDE;
1727    mc->max_cpus = 255;
1728    mc->reset = pc_machine_reset;
1729    mc->wakeup = pc_machine_wakeup;
1730    hc->pre_plug = pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
1731    hc->plug = pc_machine_device_plug_cb;
1732    hc->unplug_request = pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
1733    hc->unplug = pc_machine_device_unplug_cb;
1734    mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
1735    mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
1736    mc->default_ram_id = "pc.ram";
1737
1738    object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G, "size",
1739        pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g, pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g,
1740        NULL, NULL);
1741    object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G,
1742        "Maximum ram below the 4G boundary (32bit boundary)");
1743
1744    object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_DEVMEM_REGION_SIZE, "int",
1745        pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size, NULL,
1746        NULL, NULL);
1747
1748    object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT, "OnOffAuto",
1749        pc_machine_get_vmport, pc_machine_set_vmport,
1750        NULL, NULL);
1751    object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT,
1752        "Enable vmport (pc & q35)");
1753
1754    object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1755        pc_machine_get_smbus, pc_machine_set_smbus);
1756
1757    object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1758        pc_machine_get_sata, pc_machine_set_sata);
1759
1760    object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_PIT,
1761        pc_machine_get_pit, pc_machine_set_pit);
1762
1763    object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "hpet",
1764        pc_machine_get_hpet, pc_machine_set_hpet);
1765
1766    object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "default_bus_bypass_iommu",
1767        pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu,
1768        pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu);
1769
1770    object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE, "size",
1771        pc_machine_get_max_fw_size, pc_machine_set_max_fw_size,
1772        NULL, NULL);
1773    object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE,
1774        "Maximum combined firmware size");
1775}
1776
1777static const TypeInfo pc_machine_info = {
1778    .name = TYPE_PC_MACHINE,
1779    .parent = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
1780    .abstract = true,
1781    .instance_size = sizeof(PCMachineState),
1782    .instance_init = pc_machine_initfn,
1783    .class_size = sizeof(PCMachineClass),
1784    .class_init = pc_machine_class_init,
1785    .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
1786         { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
1787         { }
1788    },
1789};
1790
1791static void pc_machine_register_types(void)
1792{
1793    type_register_static(&pc_machine_info);
1794}
1795
1796type_init(pc_machine_register_types)
1797