/* sort.c - put input lines into order
 *
 * Copyright 2004, 2008 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
 *
 * See http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/utilities/sort.html
 *
 * Deviations from POSIX: Lots.
 * We invented -x

USE_SORT(NEWTOY(sort, USE_SORT_FLOAT("g")"S:T:m" "o:k*t:" "xVbMcszdfirun", TOYFLAG_USR|TOYFLAG_BIN|TOYFLAG_ARGFAIL(2)))

config SORT
  bool "sort"
  default y
  help
    usage: sort [-runbcdfiMsz] [FILE...] [-k#[,#[x]] [-t X]] [-o FILE]

    Sort all lines of text from input files (or stdin) to stdout.

    -r  Reverse
    -u  Unique lines only
    -n  Numeric order (instead of alphabetical)
    -b  Ignore leading blanks (or trailing blanks in second part of key)
    -c  Check whether input is sorted
    -d  Dictionary order (use alphanumeric and whitespace chars only)
    -f  Force uppercase (case insensitive sort)
    -i  Ignore nonprinting characters
    -M  Month sort (jan, feb, etc)
    -x  Hexadecimal numerical sort
    -s  Skip fallback sort (only sort with keys)
    -z  Zero (null) terminated lines
    -k  Sort by "key" (see below)
    -t  Use a key separator other than whitespace
    -o  Output to FILE instead of stdout
    -V  Version numbers (name-1.234-rc6.5b.tgz)

    Sorting by key looks at a subset of the words on each line. -k2 uses the
    second word to the end of the line, -k2,2 looks at only the second word,
    -k2,4 looks from the start of the second to the end of the fourth word.
    -k2.4,5 starts from the fourth character of the second word, to the end
    of the fifth word. Specifying multiple keys uses the later keys as tie
    breakers, in order. A type specifier appended to a sort key (such as -2,2n)
    applies only to sorting that key.

config SORT_FLOAT
  bool
  default y
  depends on TOYBOX_FLOAT
  help
    usage: sort [-g]

    -g  General numeric sort (double precision with nan and inf)
*/

#define FOR_sort
#include "toys.h"

GLOBALS(
  char *t;
  struct arg_list *k;
  char *o, *T, S;

  void *key_list;
  int linecount;
  char **lines, *name;
)

// The sort types are n, g, and M.
// u, c, s, and z apply to top level only, not to keys.
// b at top level implies bb.
// The remaining options can be applied to search keys.

#define FLAG_bb (1<<31)  // Ignore trailing blanks

struct sort_key
{
  struct sort_key *next_key;  // linked list
  unsigned range[4];          // start word, start char, end word, end char
  int flags;
};

// Copy of the part of this string corresponding to a key/flags.

static char *get_key_data(char *str, struct sort_key *key, int flags)
{
  int start = 0, end, len, i, j;

  // Special case whole string, so we don't have to make a copy

  if(key->range[0]==1 && !key->range[1] && !key->range[2] && !key->range[3]
    && !(flags&(FLAG_b|FLAG_d|FLAG_i|FLAG_bb))) return str;

  // Find start of key on first pass, end on second pass

  len = strlen(str);
  for (j=0; j<2; j++) {
    if (!key->range[2*j]) end=len;

    // Loop through fields
    else {
      end = 0;
      for (i = 1; i < key->range[2*j]+j; i++) {

        // Skip leading blanks
        if (str[end] && !TT.t) while (isspace(str[end])) end++;

        // Skip body of key
        for (; str[end]; end++) {
          if (TT.t) {
            if (str[end]==*TT.t) {
              end++;
              break;
            }
          } else if (isspace(str[end])) break;
        }
      }
    }
    if (!j) start=end;
  }

  // Key with explicit separator starts after the separator
  if (TT.t && str[start]==*TT.t) start++;

  // Strip leading and trailing whitespace if necessary
  if ((flags&FLAG_b) || (!TT.t && !key->range[3]))
    while (isspace(str[start])) start++;
  if (flags&FLAG_bb) while (end>start && isspace(str[end-1])) end--;

  // Handle offsets on start and end
  if (key->range[3]) {
    end += key->range[3]-1;
    if (end>len) end=len;
  }
  if (key->range[1]) {
    start += key->range[1]-1;
    if (start>len) start=len;
  }

  // Make the copy
  if (end<start) end = start;
  str = xstrndup(str+start, end-start);

  // Handle -d
  if (flags&FLAG_d) {
    for (start = end = 0; str[end]; end++)
      if (isspace(str[end]) || isalnum(str[end])) str[start++] = str[end];
    str[start] = 0;
  }

  // Handle -i
  if (flags&FLAG_i) {
    for (start = end = 0; str[end]; end++)
      if (isprint(str[end])) str[start++] = str[end];
    str[start] = 0;
  }

  return str;
}

// append a sort_key to key_list.

static struct sort_key *add_key(void)
{
  void **stupid_compiler = &TT.key_list;
  struct sort_key **pkey = (struct sort_key **)stupid_compiler;

  while (*pkey) pkey = &((*pkey)->next_key);
  return *pkey = xzalloc(sizeof(struct sort_key));
}

// Perform actual comparison
static int compare_values(int flags, char *x, char *y)
{
  if (CFG_SORT_FLOAT && (flags & FLAG_g)) {
    char *xx,*yy;
    double dx = strtod(x,&xx), dy = strtod(y,&yy);
    int xinf, yinf;

    // not numbers < NaN < -infinity < numbers < +infinity

    if (x==xx) return y==yy ? 0 : -1;
    if (y==yy) return 1;

    // Check for isnan
    if (dx!=dx) return (dy!=dy) ? 0 : -1;
    if (dy!=dy) return 1;

    // Check for infinity.  (Could underflow, but avoids needing libm.)
    xinf = (1.0/dx == 0.0);
    yinf = (1.0/dy == 0.0);
    if (xinf) {
      if(dx<0) return (yinf && dy<0) ? 0 : -1;
      return (yinf && dy>0) ? 0 : 1;
    }
    if (yinf) return dy<0 ? 1 : -1;

    return dx>dy ? 1 : (dx<dy ? -1 : 0);
  } else if (flags & FLAG_M) {
    struct tm thyme;
    int dx;
    char *xx,*yy;

    xx = strptime(x,"%b",&thyme);
    dx = thyme.tm_mon;
    yy = strptime(y,"%b",&thyme);
    if (!xx) return !yy ? 0 : -1;
    else if (!yy) return 1;
    else return dx==thyme.tm_mon ? 0 : dx-thyme.tm_mon;

  } else if (flags & FLAG_x) return strtol(x, NULL, 16)-strtol(y, NULL, 16);
  else if (flags & FLAG_V) {
    while (*x && *y) {
      while (*x && *x == *y) x++, y++;
      if (isdigit(*x) && isdigit(*y)) {
        long long xx = strtoll(x, &x, 10), yy = strtoll(y, &y, 10);

        if (xx<yy) return -1;
        if (xx>yy) return 1;
      } else {
        char xx = *x ? *x : x[-1], yy = *y ? *y : y[-1];

        // -rc/-pre hack so abc-123 > abc-123-rc1 (other way already - < 0-9)
        if (xx != yy) {
          if (xx<yy && !strstart(&y, "-rc") && !strstart(&y, "-pre")) return -1;
          else return 1;
        }
      }
    }
    return *x ? !!*y : -1;
  } else if (flags & FLAG_n) {
    // Full floating point version of -n
    if (CFG_SORT_FLOAT) {
      double dx = atof(x), dy = atof(y);

      return dx>dy ? 1 : (dx<dy ? -1 : 0);
    // Integer version of -n for tiny systems
    } else return atoi(x)-atoi(y);

  // Ascii sort
  } else return ((flags&FLAG_f) ? strcasecmp : strcmp)(x, y);
}

// Callback from qsort(): Iterate through key_list and perform comparisons.
static int compare_keys(const void *xarg, const void *yarg)
{
  int flags = toys.optflags, retval = 0;
  char *x, *y, *xx = *(char **)xarg, *yy = *(char **)yarg;
  struct sort_key *key;

  for (key=(struct sort_key *)TT.key_list; !retval && key; key = key->next_key){
    flags = key->flags ? key->flags : toys.optflags;

    // Chop out and modify key chunks, handling -dfib

    x = get_key_data(xx, key, flags);
    y = get_key_data(yy, key, flags);

    retval = compare_values(flags, x, y);

    // Free the copies get_key_data() made.

    if (x != xx) free(x);
    if (y != yy) free(y);

    if (retval) break;
  }

  // Perform fallback sort if necessary (always case insensitive, no -f,
  // the point is to get a stable order even for -f sorts)
  if (!retval && !FLAG(s)) {
    flags = toys.optflags;
    retval = strcmp(xx, yy);
  }

  return retval * ((flags&FLAG_r) ? -1 : 1);
}

// Read each line from file, appending to a big array.
static void sort_lines(char **pline, long len)
{
  char *line;

  if (!pline) return;
  line = *pline;
  if (!FLAG(z) && len && line[len-1]=='\n') line[--len] = 0;
  *pline = 0;

  // handle -c here so we don't allocate more memory than necessary.
  if (FLAG(c)) {
    int j = FLAG(u) ? -1 : 0;

    if (TT.lines && compare_keys((void *)&TT.lines, &line)>j)
      error_exit("%s: Check line %d\n", TT.name, TT.linecount);
    free(TT.lines);
    TT.lines = (void *)line;
  } else {
    if (!(TT.linecount&63))
      TT.lines = xrealloc(TT.lines, sizeof(char *)*(TT.linecount+64));
    TT.lines[TT.linecount] = line;
  }
  TT.linecount++;
}

// Callback from loopfiles to handle input files.
static void sort_read(int fd, char *name)
{
  TT.name = name;
  do_lines(fd, FLAG(z) ? '\0' : '\n', sort_lines);
}

void sort_main(void)
{
  int idx, fd = 1;

  // Parse -k sort keys.
  if (TT.k) {
    struct arg_list *arg;

    for (arg = TT.k; arg; arg = arg->next) {
      struct sort_key *key = add_key();
      char *temp;
      int flag;

      idx = 0;
      temp = arg->arg;
      while (*temp) {
        // Start of range
        key->range[2*idx] = (unsigned)strtol(temp, &temp, 10);
        if (*temp=='.')
          key->range[(2*idx)+1] = (unsigned)strtol(temp+1, &temp, 10);

        // Handle flags appended to a key type.
        for (;*temp;temp++) {
          char *temp2, *optlist;

          // Note that a second comma becomes an "Unknown key" error.

          if (*temp==',' && !idx++) {
            temp++;
            break;
          }

          // Which flag is this?

          optlist = toys.which->options;
          temp2 = strchr(optlist, *temp);
          flag = (1<<(optlist-temp2+strlen(optlist)-1));

          // Was it a flag that can apply to a key?

          if (!temp2 || flag>FLAG_x
            || (flag&(FLAG_u|FLAG_c|FLAG_s|FLAG_z)))
          {
            toys.exitval = 2;
            error_exit("Unknown key option.");
          }
          // b after , means strip _trailing_ space, not leading.
          if (idx && flag==FLAG_b) flag = FLAG_bb;
          key->flags |= flag;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // global b flag strips both leading and trailing spaces
  if (FLAG(b)) toys.optflags |= FLAG_bb;

  // If no keys, perform alphabetic sort over the whole line.
  if (!TT.key_list) add_key()->range[0] = 1;

  // Open input files and read data, populating TT.lines[TT.linecount]
  loopfiles(toys.optargs, sort_read);

  // The compare (-c) logic was handled in sort_read(),
  // so if we got here, we're done.
  if (FLAG(c)) goto exit_now;

  // Perform the actual sort
  qsort(TT.lines, TT.linecount, sizeof(char *), compare_keys);

  // handle unique (-u)
  if (FLAG(u)) {
    int jdx;

    for (jdx=0, idx=1; idx<TT.linecount; idx++) {
      if (!compare_keys(&TT.lines[jdx], &TT.lines[idx]))
        free(TT.lines[idx]);
      else TT.lines[++jdx] = TT.lines[idx];
    }
    if (TT.linecount) TT.linecount = jdx+1;
  }

  // Open output file if necessary. We can't do this until we've finished
  // reading in case the output file is one of the input files.
  if (TT.o) fd = xcreate(TT.o, O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY, 0666);

  // Output result
  for (idx = 0; idx<TT.linecount; idx++) {
    char *s = TT.lines[idx];
    unsigned i = strlen(s);

    if (!FLAG(z)) s[i] = '\n';
    xwrite(fd, s, i+1);
    if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) free(s);
  }

exit_now:
  if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) {
    if (fd != 1) close(fd);
    free(TT.lines);
  }
}