// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
/*
 * (C) Copyright 2000
 * Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
 */

/*
 * Memory Functions
 *
 * Copied from FADS ROM, Dan Malek (dmalek@jlc.net)
 */

#include <common.h>
#include <console.h>
#include <bootretry.h>
#include <cli.h>
#include <command.h>
#include <console.h>
#include <flash.h>
#include <hash.h>
#include <log.h>
#include <mapmem.h>
#include <rand.h>
#include <watchdog.h>
#include <asm/global_data.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>

DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;

/* Create a compile-time value */
#ifdef MEM_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA
#define SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA 1
#define HELP_Q ", .q"
#else
#define SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA 0
#define HELP_Q ""
#endif

static int mod_mem(struct cmd_tbl *, int, int, int, char * const []);

/* Display values from last command.
 * Memory modify remembered values are different from display memory.
 */
static ulong    dp_last_addr, dp_last_size;
static ulong    dp_last_length = 0x40;
static ulong    mm_last_addr, mm_last_size;

static  ulong   base_address = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEM_SEARCH
static ulong dp_last_ms_length;
static u8 search_buf[64];
static uint search_len;
#endif

/* Memory Display
 *
 * Syntax:
 *      md{.b, .w, .l, .q} {addr} {len}
 */
#define DISP_LINE_LEN   16
static int do_mem_md(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                     char *const argv[])
{
        ulong   addr, length, bytes;
        const void *buf;
        int     size;
        int rc = 0;

        /* We use the last specified parameters, unless new ones are
         * entered.
         */
        addr = dp_last_addr;
        size = dp_last_size;
        length = dp_last_length;

        if (argc < 2)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        if ((flag & CMD_FLAG_REPEAT) == 0) {
                /* New command specified.  Check for a size specification.
                 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
                 */
                if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
                        return 1;

                /* Address is specified since argc > 1
                */
                addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);
                addr += base_address;

                /* If another parameter, it is the length to display.
                 * Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes.
                 */
                if (argc > 2)
                        length = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);
        }

        bytes = size * length;
        buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);

        /* Print the lines. */
        print_buffer(addr, buf, size, length, DISP_LINE_LEN / size);
        addr += bytes;
        unmap_sysmem(buf);

        dp_last_addr = addr;
        dp_last_length = length;
        dp_last_size = size;
        return (rc);
}

static int do_mem_mm(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                     char *const argv[])
{
        return mod_mem (cmdtp, 1, flag, argc, argv);
}

static int do_mem_nm(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                     char *const argv[])
{
        return mod_mem (cmdtp, 0, flag, argc, argv);
}

static int do_mem_mw(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                     char *const argv[])
{
        ulong writeval;  /* 64-bit if SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA */
        ulong   addr, count;
        int     size;
        void *buf, *start;
        ulong bytes;

        if ((argc < 3) || (argc > 4))
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        /* Check for size specification.
        */
        if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 1)
                return 1;

        /* Address is specified since argc > 1
        */
        addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);
        addr += base_address;

        /* Get the value to write.
        */
        if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA)
                writeval = simple_strtoull(argv[2], NULL, 16);
        else
                writeval = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);

        /* Count ? */
        if (argc == 4) {
                count = hextoul(argv[3], NULL);
        } else {
                count = 1;
        }

        bytes = size * count;
        start = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
        buf = start;
        while (count-- > 0) {
                if (size == 4)
                        *((u32 *)buf) = (u32)writeval;
                else if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8)
                        *((ulong *)buf) = writeval;
                else if (size == 2)
                        *((u16 *)buf) = (u16)writeval;
                else
                        *((u8 *)buf) = (u8)writeval;
                buf += size;
        }
        unmap_sysmem(start);
        return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MX_CYCLIC
static int do_mem_mdc(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                      char *const argv[])
{
        int i;
        ulong count;

        if (argc < 4)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        count = dectoul(argv[3], NULL);

        for (;;) {
                do_mem_md (NULL, 0, 3, argv);

                /* delay for <count> ms... */
                for (i=0; i<count; i++)
                        udelay(1000);

                /* check for ctrl-c to abort... */
                if (ctrlc()) {
                        puts("Abort\n");
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

static int do_mem_mwc(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                      char *const argv[])
{
        int i;
        ulong count;

        if (argc < 4)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        count = dectoul(argv[3], NULL);

        for (;;) {
                do_mem_mw (NULL, 0, 3, argv);

                /* delay for <count> ms... */
                for (i=0; i<count; i++)
                        udelay(1000);

                /* check for ctrl-c to abort... */
                if (ctrlc()) {
                        puts("Abort\n");
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_CMD_MX_CYCLIC */

static int do_mem_cmp(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                      char *const argv[])
{
        ulong   addr1, addr2, count, ngood, bytes;
        int     size;
        int     rcode = 0;
        const char *type;
        const void *buf1, *buf2, *base;
        ulong word1, word2;  /* 64-bit if SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA */

        if (argc != 4)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        /* Check for size specification.
        */
        if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
                return 1;
        type = size == 8 ? "double word" :
               size == 4 ? "word" :
               size == 2 ? "halfword" : "byte";

        addr1 = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);
        addr1 += base_address;

        addr2 = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);
        addr2 += base_address;

        count = hextoul(argv[3], NULL);

        bytes = size * count;
        base = buf1 = map_sysmem(addr1, bytes);
        buf2 = map_sysmem(addr2, bytes);
        for (ngood = 0; ngood < count; ++ngood) {
                if (size == 4) {
                        word1 = *(u32 *)buf1;
                        word2 = *(u32 *)buf2;
                } else if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8) {
                        word1 = *(ulong *)buf1;
                        word2 = *(ulong *)buf2;
                } else if (size == 2) {
                        word1 = *(u16 *)buf1;
                        word2 = *(u16 *)buf2;
                } else {
                        word1 = *(u8 *)buf1;
                        word2 = *(u8 *)buf2;
                }
                if (word1 != word2) {
                        ulong offset = buf1 - base;
                        printf("%s at 0x%08lx (%#0*lx) != %s at 0x%08lx (%#0*lx)\n",
                                type, (ulong)(addr1 + offset), size, word1,
                                type, (ulong)(addr2 + offset), size, word2);
                        rcode = 1;
                        break;
                }

                buf1 += size;
                buf2 += size;

                /* reset watchdog from time to time */
                if ((ngood % (64 << 10)) == 0)
                        WATCHDOG_RESET();
        }
        unmap_sysmem(buf1);
        unmap_sysmem(buf2);

        printf("Total of %ld %s(s) were the same\n", ngood, type);
        return rcode;
}

static int do_mem_cp(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                     char *const argv[])
{
        ulong   addr, dest, count;
        void    *src, *dst;
        int     size;

        if (argc != 4)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        /* Check for size specification.
        */
        if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
                return 1;

        addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);
        addr += base_address;

        dest = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);
        dest += base_address;

        count = hextoul(argv[3], NULL);

        if (count == 0) {
                puts ("Zero length ???\n");
                return 1;
        }

        src = map_sysmem(addr, count * size);
        dst = map_sysmem(dest, count * size);

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_NOR_FLASH
        /* check if we are copying to Flash */
        if (addr2info((ulong)dst)) {
                int rc;

                puts ("Copy to Flash... ");

                rc = flash_write((char *)src, (ulong)dst, count * size);
                if (rc != 0) {
                        flash_perror(rc);
                        unmap_sysmem(src);
                        unmap_sysmem(dst);
                        return (1);
                }
                puts ("done\n");
                unmap_sysmem(src);
                unmap_sysmem(dst);
                return 0;
        }
#endif

        memcpy(dst, src, count * size);

        unmap_sysmem(src);
        unmap_sysmem(dst);
        return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEM_SEARCH
static int do_mem_search(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                         char *const argv[])
{
        ulong addr, length, bytes, offset;
        u8 *ptr, *end, *buf;
        bool quiet = false;
        ulong last_pos;         /* Offset of last match in 'size' units*/
        ulong last_addr;        /* Address of last displayed line */
        int limit = 10;
        int used_len;
        int count;
        int size;
        int i;

        /* We use the last specified parameters, unless new ones are entered */
        addr = dp_last_addr;
        size = dp_last_size;
        length = dp_last_ms_length;

        if (argc < 3)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        if (!(flag & CMD_FLAG_REPEAT)) {
                /*
                 * Check for a size specification.
                 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
                 */
                size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4);
                if (size < 0 && size != CMD_DATA_SIZE_STR)
                        return 1;

                argc--;
                argv++;
                while (argc && *argv[0] == '-') {
                        int ch = argv[0][1];

                        if (ch == 'q')
                                quiet = true;
                        else if (ch == 'l' && isxdigit(argv[0][2]))
                                limit = hextoul(argv[0] + 2, NULL);
                        else
                                return CMD_RET_USAGE;
                        argc--;
                        argv++;
                }

                /* Address is specified since argc > 1 */
                addr = hextoul(argv[0], NULL);
                addr += base_address;

                /* Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes */
                length = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);

                /* Read the bytes to search for */
                end = search_buf + sizeof(search_buf);
                for (i = 2, ptr = search_buf; i < argc && ptr < end; i++) {
                        if (MEM_SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8) {
                                u64 val = simple_strtoull(argv[i], NULL, 16);

                                *(u64 *)ptr = val;
                        } else if (size == -2) {  /* string */
                                int len = min(strlen(argv[i]),
                                              (size_t)(end - ptr));

                                memcpy(ptr, argv[i], len);
                                ptr += len;
                                continue;
                        } else {
                                u32 val = hextoul(argv[i], NULL);

                                switch (size) {
                                case 1:
                                        *ptr = val;
                                        break;
                                case 2:
                                        *(u16 *)ptr = val;
                                        break;
                                case 4:
                                        *(u32 *)ptr = val;
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        ptr += size;
                }
                search_len = ptr - search_buf;
        }

        /* Do the search */
        if (size == -2)
                size = 1;
        bytes = size * length;
        buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);
        last_pos = 0;
        last_addr = 0;
        count = 0;
        for (offset = 0;
             offset < bytes && offset <= bytes - search_len && count < limit;
             offset += size) {
                void *ptr = buf + offset;

                if (!memcmp(ptr, search_buf, search_len)) {
                        uint align = (addr + offset) & 0xf;
                        ulong match = addr + offset;

                        if (!count || (last_addr & ~0xf) != (match & ~0xf)) {
                                if (!quiet) {
                                        if (count)
                                                printf("--\n");
                                        print_buffer(match - align, ptr - align,
                                                     size,
                                                     ALIGN(search_len + align,
                                                           16) / size, 0);
                                }
                                last_addr = match;
                                last_pos = offset / size;
                        }
                        count++;
                }
        }
        if (!quiet) {
                printf("%d match%s", count, count == 1 ? "" : "es");
                if (count == limit)
                        printf(" (repeat command to check for more)");
                printf("\n");
        }
        env_set_hex("memmatches", count);
        env_set_hex("memaddr", last_addr);
        env_set_hex("mempos", last_pos);

        unmap_sysmem(buf);

        used_len = offset / size;
        dp_last_addr = addr + used_len;
        dp_last_size = size;
        dp_last_ms_length = length < used_len ? 0 : length - used_len;

        return count ? 0 : CMD_RET_FAILURE;
}
#endif

static int do_mem_base(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                       char *const argv[])
{
        if (argc > 1) {
                /* Set new base address.
                */
                base_address = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);
        }
        /* Print the current base address.
        */
        printf("Base Address: 0x%08lx\n", base_address);
        return 0;
}

static int do_mem_loop(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                       char *const argv[])
{
        ulong   addr, length, i, bytes;
        int     size;
        volatile ulong *llp;  /* 64-bit if SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA */
        volatile u32 *longp;
        volatile u16 *shortp;
        volatile u8 *cp;
        const void *buf;

        if (argc < 3)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        /*
         * Check for a size specification.
         * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
         */
        if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
                return 1;

        /* Address is always specified.
        */
        addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);

        /* Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes.
        */
        length = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);

        bytes = size * length;
        buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);

        /* We want to optimize the loops to run as fast as possible.
         * If we have only one object, just run infinite loops.
         */
        if (length == 1) {
                if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8) {
                        llp = (ulong *)buf;
                        for (;;)
                                i = *llp;
                }
                if (size == 4) {
                        longp = (u32 *)buf;
                        for (;;)
                                i = *longp;
                }
                if (size == 2) {
                        shortp = (u16 *)buf;
                        for (;;)
                                i = *shortp;
                }
                cp = (u8 *)buf;
                for (;;)
                        i = *cp;
        }

        if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8) {
                for (;;) {
                        llp = (ulong *)buf;
                        i = length;
                        while (i-- > 0)
                                *llp++;
                }
        }
        if (size == 4) {
                for (;;) {
                        longp = (u32 *)buf;
                        i = length;
                        while (i-- > 0)
                                *longp++;
                }
        }
        if (size == 2) {
                for (;;) {
                        shortp = (u16 *)buf;
                        i = length;
                        while (i-- > 0)
                                *shortp++;
                }
        }
        for (;;) {
                cp = (u8 *)buf;
                i = length;
                while (i-- > 0)
                        *cp++;
        }
        unmap_sysmem(buf);

        return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_LOOPW
static int do_mem_loopw(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                        char *const argv[])
{
        ulong   addr, length, i, bytes;
        int     size;
        volatile ulong *llp;  /* 64-bit if SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA */
        ulong   data;    /* 64-bit if SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA */
        volatile u32 *longp;
        volatile u16 *shortp;
        volatile u8 *cp;
        void *buf;

        if (argc < 4)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        /*
         * Check for a size specification.
         * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
         */
        if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
                return 1;

        /* Address is always specified.
        */
        addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);

        /* Length is the number of objects, not number of bytes.
        */
        length = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);

        /* data to write */
        if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA)
                data = simple_strtoull(argv[3], NULL, 16);
        else
                data = hextoul(argv[3], NULL);

        bytes = size * length;
        buf = map_sysmem(addr, bytes);

        /* We want to optimize the loops to run as fast as possible.
         * If we have only one object, just run infinite loops.
         */
        if (length == 1) {
                if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8) {
                        llp = (ulong *)buf;
                        for (;;)
                                *llp = data;
                }
                if (size == 4) {
                        longp = (u32 *)buf;
                        for (;;)
                                *longp = data;
                }
                if (size == 2) {
                        shortp = (u16 *)buf;
                        for (;;)
                                *shortp = data;
                }
                cp = (u8 *)buf;
                for (;;)
                        *cp = data;
        }

        if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8) {
                for (;;) {
                        llp = (ulong *)buf;
                        i = length;
                        while (i-- > 0)
                                *llp++ = data;
                }
        }
        if (size == 4) {
                for (;;) {
                        longp = (u32 *)buf;
                        i = length;
                        while (i-- > 0)
                                *longp++ = data;
                }
        }
        if (size == 2) {
                for (;;) {
                        shortp = (u16 *)buf;
                        i = length;
                        while (i-- > 0)
                                *shortp++ = data;
                }
        }
        for (;;) {
                cp = (u8 *)buf;
                i = length;
                while (i-- > 0)
                        *cp++ = data;
        }
}
#endif /* CONFIG_LOOPW */

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST
static ulong mem_test_alt(vu_long *buf, ulong start_addr, ulong end_addr,
                          vu_long *dummy)
{
        vu_long *addr;
        ulong errs = 0;
        ulong val, readback;
        int j;
        vu_long offset;
        vu_long test_offset;
        vu_long pattern;
        vu_long temp;
        vu_long anti_pattern;
        vu_long num_words;
        static const ulong bitpattern[] = {
                0x00000001,     /* single bit */
                0x00000003,     /* two adjacent bits */
                0x00000007,     /* three adjacent bits */
                0x0000000F,     /* four adjacent bits */
                0x00000005,     /* two non-adjacent bits */
                0x00000015,     /* three non-adjacent bits */
                0x00000055,     /* four non-adjacent bits */
                0xaaaaaaaa,     /* alternating 1/0 */
        };

        num_words = (end_addr - start_addr) / sizeof(vu_long);

        /*
         * Data line test: write a pattern to the first
         * location, write the 1's complement to a 'parking'
         * address (changes the state of the data bus so a
         * floating bus doesn't give a false OK), and then
         * read the value back. Note that we read it back
         * into a variable because the next time we read it,
         * it might be right (been there, tough to explain to
         * the quality guys why it prints a failure when the
         * "is" and "should be" are obviously the same in the
         * error message).
         *
         * Rather than exhaustively testing, we test some
         * patterns by shifting '1' bits through a field of
         * '0's and '0' bits through a field of '1's (i.e.
         * pattern and ~pattern).
         */
        addr = buf;
        for (j = 0; j < sizeof(bitpattern) / sizeof(bitpattern[0]); j++) {
                val = bitpattern[j];
                for (; val != 0; val <<= 1) {
                        *addr = val;
                        *dummy  = ~val; /* clear the test data off the bus */
                        readback = *addr;
                        if (readback != val) {
                                printf("FAILURE (data line): "
                                        "expected %08lx, actual %08lx\n",
                                                val, readback);
                                errs++;
                                if (ctrlc())
                                        return -1;
                        }
                        *addr  = ~val;
                        *dummy  = val;
                        readback = *addr;
                        if (readback != ~val) {
                                printf("FAILURE (data line): "
                                        "Is %08lx, should be %08lx\n",
                                                readback, ~val);
                                errs++;
                                if (ctrlc())
                                        return -1;
                        }
                }
        }

        /*
         * Based on code whose Original Author and Copyright
         * information follows: Copyright (c) 1998 by Michael
         * Barr. This software is placed into the public
         * domain and may be used for any purpose. However,
         * this notice must not be changed or removed and no
         * warranty is either expressed or implied by its
         * publication or distribution.
         */

        /*
        * Address line test

         * Description: Test the address bus wiring in a
         *              memory region by performing a walking
         *              1's test on the relevant bits of the
         *              address and checking for aliasing.
         *              This test will find single-bit
         *              address failures such as stuck-high,
         *              stuck-low, and shorted pins. The base
         *              address and size of the region are
         *              selected by the caller.

         * Notes:       For best results, the selected base
         *              address should have enough LSB 0's to
         *              guarantee single address bit changes.
         *              For example, to test a 64-Kbyte
         *              region, select a base address on a
         *              64-Kbyte boundary. Also, select the
         *              region size as a power-of-two if at
         *              all possible.
         *
         * Returns:     0 if the test succeeds, 1 if the test fails.
         */
        pattern = (vu_long) 0xaaaaaaaa;
        anti_pattern = (vu_long) 0x55555555;

        debug("%s:%d: length = 0x%.8lx\n", __func__, __LINE__, num_words);
        /*
         * Write the default pattern at each of the
         * power-of-two offsets.
         */
        for (offset = 1; offset < num_words; offset <<= 1)
                addr[offset] = pattern;

        /*
         * Check for address bits stuck high.
         */
        test_offset = 0;
        addr[test_offset] = anti_pattern;

        for (offset = 1; offset < num_words; offset <<= 1) {
                temp = addr[offset];
                if (temp != pattern) {
                        printf("\nFAILURE: Address bit stuck high @ 0x%.8lx:"
                                " expected 0x%.8lx, actual 0x%.8lx\n",
                                start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
                                pattern, temp);
                        errs++;
                        if (ctrlc())
                                return -1;
                }
        }
        addr[test_offset] = pattern;
        WATCHDOG_RESET();

        /*
         * Check for addr bits stuck low or shorted.
         */
        for (test_offset = 1; test_offset < num_words; test_offset <<= 1) {
                addr[test_offset] = anti_pattern;

                for (offset = 1; offset < num_words; offset <<= 1) {
                        temp = addr[offset];
                        if ((temp != pattern) && (offset != test_offset)) {
                                printf("\nFAILURE: Address bit stuck low or"
                                        " shorted @ 0x%.8lx: expected 0x%.8lx,"
                                        " actual 0x%.8lx\n",
                                        start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
                                        pattern, temp);
                                errs++;
                                if (ctrlc())
                                        return -1;
                        }
                }
                addr[test_offset] = pattern;
        }

        /*
         * Description: Test the integrity of a physical
         *              memory device by performing an
         *              increment/decrement test over the
         *              entire region. In the process every
         *              storage bit in the device is tested
         *              as a zero and a one. The base address
         *              and the size of the region are
         *              selected by the caller.
         *
         * Returns:     0 if the test succeeds, 1 if the test fails.
         */
        num_words++;

        /*
         * Fill memory with a known pattern.
         */
        for (pattern = 1, offset = 0; offset < num_words; pattern++, offset++) {
                WATCHDOG_RESET();
                addr[offset] = pattern;
        }

        /*
         * Check each location and invert it for the second pass.
         */
        for (pattern = 1, offset = 0; offset < num_words; pattern++, offset++) {
                WATCHDOG_RESET();
                temp = addr[offset];
                if (temp != pattern) {
                        printf("\nFAILURE (read/write) @ 0x%.8lx:"
                                " expected 0x%.8lx, actual 0x%.8lx)\n",
                                start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
                                pattern, temp);
                        errs++;
                        if (ctrlc())
                                return -1;
                }

                anti_pattern = ~pattern;
                addr[offset] = anti_pattern;
        }

        /*
         * Check each location for the inverted pattern and zero it.
         */
        for (pattern = 1, offset = 0; offset < num_words; pattern++, offset++) {
                WATCHDOG_RESET();
                anti_pattern = ~pattern;
                temp = addr[offset];
                if (temp != anti_pattern) {
                        printf("\nFAILURE (read/write): @ 0x%.8lx:"
                                " expected 0x%.8lx, actual 0x%.8lx)\n",
                                start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long),
                                anti_pattern, temp);
                        errs++;
                        if (ctrlc())
                                return -1;
                }
                addr[offset] = 0;
        }

        return errs;
}

static int compare_regions(volatile unsigned long *bufa,
                           volatile unsigned long *bufb, size_t count)
{
        volatile unsigned long  *p1 = bufa;
        volatile unsigned long  *p2 = bufb;
        int errs = 0;
        size_t i;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++, p1++, p2++) {
                if (*p1 != *p2) {
                        printf("FAILURE: 0x%08lx != 0x%08lx (delta=0x%08lx -> bit %ld) at offset 0x%08lx\n",
                               (unsigned long)*p1, (unsigned long)*p2,
                               *p1 ^ *p2, __ffs(*p1 ^ *p2),
                                (unsigned long)(i * sizeof(unsigned long)));
                        errs++;
                }
        }

        return errs;
}

static ulong test_bitflip_comparison(volatile unsigned long *bufa,
                                     volatile unsigned long *bufb, size_t count)
{
        volatile unsigned long *p1 = bufa;
        volatile unsigned long *p2 = bufb;
        unsigned int j, k;
        unsigned long q;
        size_t i;
        int max;
        int errs = 0;

        max = sizeof(unsigned long) * 8;
        for (k = 0; k < max; k++) {
                q = 0x00000001L << k;
                for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
                        WATCHDOG_RESET();
                        q = ~q;
                        p1 = (volatile unsigned long *)bufa;
                        p2 = (volatile unsigned long *)bufb;
                        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
                                *p1++ = *p2++ = (i % 2) == 0 ? q : ~q;

                        errs += compare_regions(bufa, bufb, count);
                }

                if (ctrlc())
                        return -1UL;
        }

        return errs;
}

static ulong mem_test_bitflip(vu_long *buf, ulong start, ulong end)
{
        /*
         * Split the specified range into two halves.
         * Note that mtest range is inclusive of start,end.
         * Bitflip test instead uses a count (of 32-bit words).
         */
        ulong half_size = (end - start + 1) / 2 / sizeof(unsigned long);

        return test_bitflip_comparison(buf, buf + half_size, half_size);
}

static ulong mem_test_quick(vu_long *buf, ulong start_addr, ulong end_addr,
                            vu_long pattern, int iteration)
{
        vu_long *end;
        vu_long *addr;
        ulong errs = 0;
        ulong incr, length;
        ulong val, readback;

        /* Alternate the pattern */
        incr = 1;
        if (iteration & 1) {
                incr = -incr;
                /*
                 * Flip the pattern each time to make lots of zeros and
                 * then, the next time, lots of ones.  We decrement
                 * the "negative" patterns and increment the "positive"
                 * patterns to preserve this feature.
                 */
                if (pattern & 0x80000000)
                        pattern = -pattern;     /* complement & increment */
                else
                        pattern = ~pattern;
        }
        length = (end_addr - start_addr) / sizeof(ulong);
        end = buf + length;
        printf("\rPattern %08lX  Writing..."
                "%12s"
                "\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b",
                pattern, "");

        for (addr = buf, val = pattern; addr < end; addr++) {
                WATCHDOG_RESET();
                *addr = val;
                val += incr;
        }

        puts("Reading...");

        for (addr = buf, val = pattern; addr < end; addr++) {
                WATCHDOG_RESET();
                readback = *addr;
                if (readback != val) {
                        ulong offset = addr - buf;

                        printf("\nMem error @ 0x%08X: "
                                "found %08lX, expected %08lX\n",
                                (uint)(uintptr_t)(start_addr + offset*sizeof(vu_long)),
                                readback, val);
                        errs++;
                        if (ctrlc())
                                return -1;
                }
                val += incr;
        }

        return errs;
}

/*
 * Perform a memory test. A more complete alternative test can be
 * configured using CONFIG_SYS_ALT_MEMTEST. The complete test loops until
 * interrupted by ctrl-c or by a failure of one of the sub-tests.
 */
static int do_mem_mtest(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                        char *const argv[])
{
        ulong start, end;
        vu_long scratch_space;
        vu_long *buf, *dummy = &scratch_space;
        ulong iteration_limit = 0;
        ulong count = 0;
        ulong errs = 0; /* number of errors, or -1 if interrupted */
        ulong pattern = 0;
        int iteration;

        start = CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_START;
        end = CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_END;

        if (argc > 1)
                if (strict_strtoul(argv[1], 16, &start) < 0)
                        return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        if (argc > 2)
                if (strict_strtoul(argv[2], 16, &end) < 0)
                        return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        if (argc > 3)
                if (strict_strtoul(argv[3], 16, &pattern) < 0)
                        return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        if (argc > 4)
                if (strict_strtoul(argv[4], 16, &iteration_limit) < 0)
                        return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        if (end < start) {
                printf("Refusing to do empty test\n");
                return -1;
        }

        printf("Testing %08lx ... %08lx:\n", start, end);
        debug("%s:%d: start %#08lx end %#08lx\n", __func__, __LINE__,
              start, end);

        buf = map_sysmem(start, end - start);
        for (iteration = 0;
                        !iteration_limit || iteration < iteration_limit;
                        iteration++) {
                if (ctrlc()) {
                        errs = -1UL;
                        break;
                }

                printf("Iteration: %6d\r", iteration + 1);
                debug("\n");
                if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SYS_ALT_MEMTEST)) {
                        errs = mem_test_alt(buf, start, end, dummy);
                        if (errs == -1UL)
                                break;
                        if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SYS_ALT_MEMTEST_BITFLIP)) {
                                count += errs;
                                errs = mem_test_bitflip(buf, start, end);
                        }
                } else {
                        errs = mem_test_quick(buf, start, end, pattern,
                                              iteration);
                }
                if (errs == -1UL)
                        break;
                count += errs;
        }

        unmap_sysmem((void *)buf);

        if (errs == -1UL) {
                /* Memory test was aborted - write a newline to finish off */
                putc('\n');
        }
        printf("Tested %d iteration(s) with %lu errors.\n", iteration, count);

        return errs != 0;
}
#endif  /* CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST */

/* Modify memory.
 *
 * Syntax:
 *      mm{.b, .w, .l, .q} {addr}
 */
static int
mod_mem(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int incrflag, int flag, int argc,
        char *const argv[])
{
        ulong   addr;
        ulong i;  /* 64-bit if SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA */
        int     nbytes, size;
        void *ptr = NULL;

        if (argc != 2)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        bootretry_reset_cmd_timeout();  /* got a good command to get here */
        /* We use the last specified parameters, unless new ones are
         * entered.
         */
        addr = mm_last_addr;
        size = mm_last_size;

        if ((flag & CMD_FLAG_REPEAT) == 0) {
                /* New command specified.  Check for a size specification.
                 * Defaults to long if no or incorrect specification.
                 */
                if ((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)
                        return 1;

                /* Address is specified since argc > 1
                */
                addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);
                addr += base_address;
        }

        /* Print the address, followed by value.  Then accept input for
         * the next value.  A non-converted value exits.
         */
        do {
                ptr = map_sysmem(addr, size);
                printf("%08lx:", addr);
                if (size == 4)
                        printf(" %08x", *((u32 *)ptr));
                else if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8)
                        printf(" %0lx", *((ulong *)ptr));
                else if (size == 2)
                        printf(" %04x", *((u16 *)ptr));
                else
                        printf(" %02x", *((u8 *)ptr));

                nbytes = cli_readline(" ? ");
                if (nbytes == 0 || (nbytes == 1 && console_buffer[0] == '-')) {
                        /* <CR> pressed as only input, don't modify current
                         * location and move to next. "-" pressed will go back.
                         */
                        if (incrflag)
                                addr += nbytes ? -size : size;
                        nbytes = 1;
                        /* good enough to not time out */
                        bootretry_reset_cmd_timeout();
                }
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
                else if (nbytes == -2) {
                        break;  /* timed out, exit the command  */
                }
#endif
                else {
                        char *endp;
                        if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA)
                                i = simple_strtoull(console_buffer, &endp, 16);
                        else
                                i = hextoul(console_buffer, &endp);
                        nbytes = endp - console_buffer;
                        if (nbytes) {
                                /* good enough to not time out
                                 */
                                bootretry_reset_cmd_timeout();
                                if (size == 4)
                                        *((u32 *)ptr) = i;
                                else if (SUPPORT_64BIT_DATA && size == 8)
                                        *((ulong *)ptr) = i;
                                else if (size == 2)
                                        *((u16 *)ptr) = i;
                                else
                                        *((u8 *)ptr) = i;
                                if (incrflag)
                                        addr += size;
                        }
                }
        } while (nbytes);
        if (ptr)
                unmap_sysmem(ptr);

        mm_last_addr = addr;
        mm_last_size = size;
        return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_CRC32

static int do_mem_crc(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                      char *const argv[])
{
        int flags = 0;
        int ac;
        char * const *av;

        if (argc < 3)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        av = argv + 1;
        ac = argc - 1;
#ifdef CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
        if (strcmp(*av, "-v") == 0) {
                flags |= HASH_FLAG_VERIFY | HASH_FLAG_ENV;
                av++;
                ac--;
        }
#endif

        return hash_command("crc32", flags, cmdtp, flag, ac, av);
}

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_RANDOM
static int do_random(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                     char *const argv[])
{
        unsigned long addr, len;
        unsigned long seed; // NOT INITIALIZED ON PURPOSE
        unsigned int *buf, *start;
        unsigned char *buf8;
        unsigned int i;

        if (argc < 3 || argc > 4)
                return CMD_RET_USAGE;

        len = hextoul(argv[2], NULL);
        addr = hextoul(argv[1], NULL);

        if (argc == 4) {
                seed = hextoul(argv[3], NULL);
                if (seed == 0) {
                        printf("The seed cannot be 0. Using 0xDEADBEEF.\n");
                        seed = 0xDEADBEEF;
                }
        } else {
                seed = get_timer(0) ^ rand();
        }

        srand(seed);
        start = map_sysmem(addr, len);
        buf = start;
        for (i = 0; i < (len / 4); i++)
                *buf++ = rand();

        buf8 = (unsigned char *)buf;
        for (i = 0; i < (len % 4); i++)
                *buf8++ = rand() & 0xFF;

        unmap_sysmem(start);
        printf("%lu bytes filled with random data\n", len);

        return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
}
#endif

/**************************************************/
U_BOOT_CMD(
        md,     3,      1,      do_mem_md,
        "memory display",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address [# of objects]"
);


U_BOOT_CMD(
        mm,     2,      1,      do_mem_mm,
        "memory modify (auto-incrementing address)",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address"
);


U_BOOT_CMD(
        nm,     2,      1,      do_mem_nm,
        "memory modify (constant address)",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address"
);

U_BOOT_CMD(
        mw,     4,      1,      do_mem_mw,
        "memory write (fill)",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address value [count]"
);

U_BOOT_CMD(
        cp,     4,      1,      do_mem_cp,
        "memory copy",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] source target count"
);

U_BOOT_CMD(
        cmp,    4,      1,      do_mem_cmp,
        "memory compare",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] addr1 addr2 count"
);

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEM_SEARCH
/**************************************************/
U_BOOT_CMD(
        ms,     255,    1,      do_mem_search,
        "memory search",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q ", .s] [-q | -<n>] address #-of-objects <value>..."
        "  -q = quiet, -l<val> = match limit"
);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_CRC32

#ifndef CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY

U_BOOT_CMD(
        crc32,  4,      1,      do_mem_crc,
        "checksum calculation",
        "address count [addr]\n    - compute CRC32 checksum [save at addr]"
);

#else   /* CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY */

U_BOOT_CMD(
        crc32,  5,      1,      do_mem_crc,
        "checksum calculation",
        "address count [addr]\n    - compute CRC32 checksum [save at addr]\n"
        "-v address count crc\n    - verify crc of memory area"
);

#endif  /* CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY */

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMINFO
static int do_mem_info(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
                       char *const argv[])
{
        puts("DRAM:  ");
        print_size(gd->ram_size, "\n");

        return 0;
}
#endif

U_BOOT_CMD(
        base,   2,      1,      do_mem_base,
        "print or set address offset",
        "\n    - print address offset for memory commands\n"
        "base off\n    - set address offset for memory commands to 'off'"
);

U_BOOT_CMD(
        loop,   3,      1,      do_mem_loop,
        "infinite loop on address range",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address number_of_objects"
);

#ifdef CONFIG_LOOPW
U_BOOT_CMD(
        loopw,  4,      1,      do_mem_loopw,
        "infinite write loop on address range",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address number_of_objects data_to_write"
);
#endif /* CONFIG_LOOPW */

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST
U_BOOT_CMD(
        mtest,  5,      1,      do_mem_mtest,
        "simple RAM read/write test",
        "[start [end [pattern [iterations]]]]"
);
#endif  /* CONFIG_CMD_MEMTEST */

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MX_CYCLIC
U_BOOT_CMD(
        mdc,    4,      1,      do_mem_mdc,
        "memory display cyclic",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address count delay(ms)"
);

U_BOOT_CMD(
        mwc,    4,      1,      do_mem_mwc,
        "memory write cyclic",
        "[.b, .w, .l" HELP_Q "] address value delay(ms)"
);
#endif /* CONFIG_CMD_MX_CYCLIC */

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MEMINFO
U_BOOT_CMD(
        meminfo,        3,      1,      do_mem_info,
        "display memory information",
        ""
);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_RANDOM
U_BOOT_CMD(
        random, 4,      0,      do_random,
        "fill memory with random pattern",
        "<addr> <len> [<seed>]\n"
        "   - Fill 'len' bytes of memory starting at 'addr' with random data\n"
);
#endif